JP5164768B2 - Fruit protection shade sheet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet for fruit protection shades, and more particularly, to a sheet for fruit protection shades that can protect fruits from rainwater and sunlight by covering the upper part of the fruits.

  When fruits and other fruits are used for outdoor cultivation, the cost of maintaining the greenhouse is not incurred, but they are strongly affected by weather such as sunshine and precipitation. When growing fruits, the optimal amount of sunlight and precipitation is essential for each type of fruit tree. However, in the case of excessive sunshine and precipitation due to the influence of the weather, especially when the fruit develops and the pulp increases and sugar content accumulates, if rainwater remains attached to the fruit surface, Mold and rot occur, and cause ripening. Moreover, when sunlight is too strong, the fruit surface will discolor by sunburn. For this reason, in addition to the cause of lowering the yield of fruits, the proportion of fruits that become defective in fruit selection has also increased, which has been a factor in pressing the profitability of producers.

  In order to avoid the influence of rain water and sunshine described above, a fruit shade for covering the upper part of the fruit has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). According to the fruit shade of Patent Document 1, a sheet-like object surrounds the branch, stem (fruit bellflower), and the like at the upper end of the fruit to form a conical shade. Precipitation on the fruit is blocked by fruit caps, reducing the direct fruit exposure to rainwater. Sunlight is also blocked by the fruit shade and sunburn on the fruit surface is also suppressed.

  In the case of using the conventional shade for fruits, it is possible to prevent rainwater from adhering to the fruit surface if there is little precipitation. However, when the amount of precipitation increases, there is a problem that rainwater leaks through the branches at the top of the fruit and under the shade for the fruit. Moreover, the shape sometimes collapsed. This is due to water absorption of the material of the fruit shade itself or extreme water repellency.

Existing fruit shades are not enough for rainwater. Therefore, there has been a demand for a fruit shade that can suppress the penetration of rainwater as much as possible when the fruit shade is attached to the upper part of the fruit and contribute to the reduction of fruit defects.
JP 7-107866 A

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said point, Even if precipitation increases, the adhesion of the water | moisture content to the fruit surface is suppressed as much as possible, and the fruit upper part which can contribute to reduction of the defect of a fruit is coat | covered. Therefore, the present invention provides a fruit protection shade sheet for fruit protection shade that is easy to mount and has durability.

  That is, the invention of claim 1 is the fruit protection shade sheet in which the sheet-like material is overlapped so as to cover the upper part of the fruit. The sheet-like material is a surface layer made of a waterproof film and an intermediate made of a nonwoven fabric. It has a layer and the back layer which consists of a synthetic resin woven fabric, It concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the sheet-like object is a quadrangle, and has a notch that connects a point on one side of the quadrilateral sheet-like object and a center point of the sheet-like object. It concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of Claim 1 which covered the upper part of the fruit by overlapping an embedding edge part.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the sheet-like object is circular and has a notch that connects a point on the outer periphery of the circular sheet-like object and a center point of the sheet-like object. It concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of Claim 1 which covered the upper part of the fruit by overlapping an embedding edge part.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the back layer of the sheet-like material are laminated by extrusion lamination of low density polyethylene. It relates to the sheet for fruit protection shades described in 1.

  Invention of Claim 5 concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 in which the said nonwoven fabric consists of a fibrous material derived from regenerated cellulose.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the synthetic resin woven fabric comprises a plain weave of a resin band, and the resin band penetrates from one side of the synthetic resin woven fabric to the other side. It concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of any one of these.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the synthetic resin woven fabric, the resin band-like objects are arranged in a number of 4 vertical, 4 horizontal to 12 vertical, and 12 horizontal per 6.45 cm ^2. According to the sheet for fruit protection shade described in 6.

Invention of Claim 8 concerns on the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7 in which the said synthetic resin woven fabric is comprised from the fiber of 500-1300 denier.

  According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 1, in the fruit protection shade sheet, the sheet-like material is a surface layer made of a waterproof film. And an intermediate layer made of non-woven fabric and a back layer made of synthetic resin woven fabric, which contributes to the reduction of fruit defects by suppressing the adhesion of moisture to the fruit surface as much as possible even when the amount of precipitation increases. In addition, attachment for covering was easy and durability could be provided.

  According to the sheet for fruit protection shade according to the invention of claim 2, the sheet-like object is a quadrangle, and a notch portion that connects a point on one side of the quadrilateral sheet-like object and a center point of the sheet-like object is provided. Since the cut edge portion of the cut portion is overlapped so as to cover the upper part of the fruit, the sheet-like material itself can be cut without waste, and the production efficiency is improved.

  According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 3, the sheet-like object is circular, and the notch portion connecting the point on the outer periphery of the circular sheet-like object and the center point of the sheet-like object. Since the cut edges of the cut portions are overlapped so as to cover the upper part of the fruit, the wind resistance due to the wind direction becomes equal, and the bias of the swaying that occurs in the coated fruit is alleviated. Moreover, the distance that rainwater flows from the center point is equal.

  According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 4, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the back layer of the sheet-like material are: Since the low-density polyethylene is laminated by extrusion, each layer is integrally laminated, and the adhesion of each layer is improved and the durability is improved.

  According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 5, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 4, the nonwoven fabric is made of a fibrous material derived from regenerated cellulose. In addition to functioning as a water-absorbing layer that absorbs water, it also functions as a water-permeable layer that passes water-absorbed moisture to the end of the sheet-like material, allowing water to escape. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the risk of damaging the contact portion between the sheet-like material and the stem, branch, vine, fruit bell, etc. of the fruit.

  According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 6, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 5, the synthetic resin woven fabric is made of a plain weave of a resin strip, and the resin strip Since the object penetrates from one side of the synthetic resin woven fabric to the other side, the strength is increased as compared with the case where only a simple resin film is used, and convenience in attaching to the fruit as a fruit protection shade is enhanced. Moreover, the rainwater that has entered invades into water droplets, but easily reaches the end along the grid-like texture direction of the resin band to drop outside the fruit protection shade.

According to the fruit protection shade sheet according to the invention of claim 7, in the invention of claim 6, the resin band of the synthetic resin woven fabric has 4 vertical, 4 horizontal to 12 vertical lengths per 6.45 cm ^2. Since they are arranged in the number of 12 and 12 in width, it is possible to select the strength of the synthetic resin woven fabric itself and to adjust the unevenness of the back layer when laminated on the sheet-like material.

  According to the sheet for fruit protection shades according to the invention of claim 8, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 7, since the synthetic resin woven fabric is composed of fibers of 500 to 1300 denier, It has strength as a resin woven fabric and does not damage fruits after coating. In addition, a general-purpose synthetic resin woven fabric can be applied to the back layer of the sheet-like material in the fruit protection shade sheet, which facilitates procurement.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the fruit protection shade according to the first embodiment during formation, FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the usage state of the fruit protection shade of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is formation of the fruit protection shade according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sheet for fruit protection shade, and FIG. 5 is a top view of a plain weave of a resin band.

  The fruit protection shade formed using the sheet for fruit protection shade of the present invention is a shade formed with a conical portion by appropriately overlapping one sheet-like material on the upper part of the target fruit. . By covering the top of the fruit with the shade that has been completed in this way, the fruit is protected from rain, wind and snow, sunlight, and the like. A description will be given according to the shape of the sheet-like material with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1A shows a state before forming the fruit protection shade of the first embodiment. As defined in the invention of claim 2, in the rectangular sheet-like object 1 </ b> A, a point on one side thereof, In the illustrated example, an intermediate point 13 on one side of the quadrilateral and the center point 11 of the quadrangular sheet-like object 1A are connected by a notch 12. Cut edge portions 14a and 14b are formed in the sheet-like material on both sides of the cut portion 12. The quadrangular sheet-like object 1A shown in the figure is a square, and the center point is an intersection of diagonal lines. Then, as understood from the perspective view during the formation of FIG. 1B, the flat sheet-like object is formed into a conical shape by overlapping the cut edge portions 14a and 14b on both sides of the cut portion 12. It is assembled into a solid shape. Since the fruit protection shade of the first embodiment is formed from a rectangular sheet-like material, it can be obtained by cutting without waste from the raw material from which the sheet-like material is based. Therefore, the production efficiency is extremely improved.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view in which a fruit protection shade is formed from the rectangular sheet-like material 1A and the upper part of the fruit F is covered. First, before assembling into a solid body as shown in FIG. 1 (b), a branch portion (fruit inflection f1) where the fruit F is connected to the fruit tree is cut from a point (intermediate point 13) on one side of the rectangular sheet 1A. 12 is inserted to the center point 11. In addition, the pericarp f1 is in contact with the center point 11, and the perimeter of the pericarp f1 is surrounded by a rectangular sheet 1A (the center point 11, the cut portion 12). In the first embodiment shown in the figure, the corner portion 16 of the cut edge portion 14b on the other side is superimposed on the corner portion 15 of the cut edge portion 14a on one side located on both sides of the cut portion 12. The Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, the fruit protection shade made of the conical quadrilateral sheet-like material 1 </ b> A having the center point 11 as the apex is put on the upper part of the fruit F. Reference numeral 19 denotes an end portion.

  FIG. 3A shows a state before the fruit protection shade of the second embodiment is formed. As defined in the invention of claim 3, in the circular sheet 1B, a point 23 on the outer periphery thereof is shown. And the center point 21 of the circular sheet-like object 1 </ b> B are connected by the notch 22. Cut edge portions 24a and 24b are formed on the sheet-like material on both sides of the cut portion 22. Then, as understood from the perspective view during the formation of FIG. 3 (b), the flat sheet-like object is formed in a conical shape by overlapping the cut edge portions 24a and 24b on both sides of the cut portion 22. It is assembled into a solid shape. A mode that the upper part of the fruit F is coat | covered using the circular sheet-like thing 1B becomes the same as that of FIG. Reference numeral 29 denotes an end portion. Since the fruit protection shade of 2nd Embodiment is formed from a circular sheet-like thing, it becomes a fixed length from the center point when it is made into a shade shape to an edge part. Therefore, the resistance of the wind by the wind direction becomes equal, and the bias of the swaying that occurs in the fruit after coating can be alleviated. Further, the distance through which rainwater flows, which will be described later, is the shortest anywhere.

  In both the first and second embodiments, when the cut edges are overlapped and fixed, an appropriate method such as fixing with a stapler or fixing with an adhesive tape can be used. The position at which the cut edges are overlapped and the amount at which the cut edges are overlapped are not limited to the illustrated example, and can be appropriately changed depending on the size and type of the fruit and the growing condition.

  The sheet-like material (sheet for fruit protection shade) which becomes the basis of the quadrangular sheet-like material of 1st Embodiment and the circular sheet-like material of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated with the schematic sectional drawing of FIG. As defined in the invention of claim 1, the fruit protection shade sheet 10 is provided with a surface layer 30 made of a waterproof film, an intermediate layer 40 made of a nonwoven fabric, and a back layer 50 made of a synthetic resin woven fabric. ing. The back surface layer 50 side is a surface in contact with the fruit. In the figure, reference numeral 60 is a low density polyethylene adhesive layer, 71 is a front surface of the fruit protection shade sheet, and 72 is a back surface of the fruit protection shade sheet.

  Since the surface layer 30 is in direct contact with precipitation, it is excellent in water repellency, and it is necessary to prevent the fruit and the resin layer below the surface layer from cracking from sunlight. For this reason, a waterproof film is finished from a weather-resistant resin such as polypropylene and polyethylene. The surface layer resin is mixed with additives such as white and black pigments, antioxidants, weathering agents, heat stabilizers, lubricants, crystal nucleating agents, ultraviolet absorbers, oxygen absorbers, etc. Be filmed. The thickness of the surface layer 30 is defined according to the size of the fruit protection shade, the period of use, the period of use, the durability, and the like, and is 20 to 50 μm.

  The non-woven fabric forming the intermediate layer 40, as disclosed in FIG. 2, absorbs rainwater dripping on the fruit through the fruit stem by capillary action when the fruit comes into contact with a branch portion (fruit stem) connected to the fruit tree. Function as. Therefore, as specified in the invention of claim 5, the nonwoven fabric is a fibrous material mainly composed of regenerated cellulose having a high affinity for water. In particular, almost all of the weight ratio is from 80% or more to regenerated cellulose. Further, even when water is absorbed to the limit, the intermediate layer 40 functions as a water permeable layer, and the intermediate layer 40 in which the water absorption moisture is exposed at the end portions 19 and 29 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) of the sheet-like material 10. Water can be passed to the non-woven fabric portion and dropped outside the sheet-like material.

  Examples of the regenerated cellulose constituting the nonwoven fabric include purified cellulose such as Tencel, which is made by dissolving wood pulp in N-melmorpholine-N-oxide (NMNO), filtering to remove impurities, and spinning. Moreover, regenerated cellulose is used for the cellulose which is a structural component of a nonwoven fabric. Recycled cellulose includes copper ammonia rayon, polynosic rayon obtained by viscose pulp prepared by alkali dissolution of cotton or wood chips, viscose rayon derived from hydroxymethylcellulose xanthate by the same viscose method, etc. is there. Cellulose fibers having undergone these preparations are formed into a sheet through papermaking. Alternatively, it is processed into a cloth-like material by a needle punch method or a spunlace method of cellulose fibrous material.

  Among the non-woven fabrics composed of the fibrous material derived from regenerated cellulose, there is a non-woven fabric derived from hydroxymethyl cellulose xanthate by the viscose method and referred to as TCF. This TCF is particularly preferable because of its excellent water absorption.

As the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 to 60 g / m ² is preferably used depending on the difference in properties depending on the fiber preparation method, the fluffing condition, the thickness of the laminated sheet after completion, and the like. The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is appropriately set in consideration of the strength and ease of handling of the fruit protection shade sheet itself. Note that an extremely small basis weight is not preferable because a water absorption effect cannot be provided. On the other hand, when the weight per unit area is exceeded, the bulk of the nonwoven fabric itself increases and becomes thick, and the nonwoven fabric layer easily peels off, resulting in poor durability as a sheet.

  As shown in the top view of FIG. 5 and defined in the invention of claim 6, the synthetic resin woven fabric 80 used for the back layer 50 (see FIG. 4) is composed of a vertical resin strip 81 a and a horizontal resin. A plain weave 82 (plain weave) is formed by knitting with a band-like product 81b. As understood from the structure of the plain weave of the resin band, in the synthetic resin woven fabric 80, both the vertical and horizontal resin strips penetrate from one side of the synthetic resin woven fabric to the other side. Yes. By using a plain woven fabric for the back layer, the strength is increased as compared with a case where only a simple resin film is used, and convenience in attaching to a fruit as a fruit protection shade is enhanced. The resin band can be obtained by forming a film of a resin such as polyolefin, such as polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyamide, etc., and processing it into a band.

As defined in the invention of claim 7, the resin strips 81a, 81b in the synthetic resin woven fabric 80 have four vertical lengths, four horizontal widths to 12 vertical lengths per 6.45 cm ² (ie, 1 square inch). They are arranged in the number of horizontal twelve. In addition to selecting the strength of the synthetic resin woven fabric itself, the arrangement amount of the resin band constituting the synthetic resin woven fabric has the meaning of adjusting the unevenness of the back surface layer 50 when laminated on the sheet-like material 10. Have. If the number of resin strips in the vertical and horizontal directions is reduced, the texture of the synthetic resin woven fabric becomes rough. In addition, the strength tends to decrease as the number of resin strips decreases. Further, since the number of resin strips increases in length and width, it becomes dense, and the texture of the synthetic resin woven fabric becomes smooth. However, each resin band is too thin, which is not preferable.

  Further, as defined in the invention of claim 8, the synthetic resin woven fabric 80 is composed of fibers of 500 to 1300 denier. When the synthetic resin woven fabric is composed of fibers having a fine density of less than 500 denier, the fibers become too thin and the strength is insufficient. When the synthetic resin woven fabric is composed of fibers having a fine density exceeding 1300 denier, the weight of the finished sheet is increased, and the coated fruit is easily damaged. The above range is a linear density found in a general synthetic resin woven fabric. Therefore, a general-purpose synthetic resin woven fabric can be applied to the back layer of the sheet-like material in the fruit protection shade sheet, and procurement is easy.

  Rainwater that has dripped through the fruit stem and caused water leakage of the nonwoven fabric in the middle layer reaches the fruit as it is. However, since the back layer is a synthetic resin woven fabric, it is hydrophobic and the surface is water repellent. On the other hand, surface tension also acts between the water and the back layer. In this case, the rainwater that has propagated through the fruit stem becomes water droplets due to the surface tension since the back layer 40 of the sheet-like material is a hydrophobic surface from the center points 11 and 21 of the fruit protection shades 1A and 1B. Furthermore, the back surface layer has moderate unevenness based on the resin band, and reaches the end portions 19 and 29 along the grid-like texture direction of the resin band while forming water droplets. Dripping outside.

  When joining the surface layer 30, the intermediate layer 40, and the back layer 50 described so far, an appropriate method for manufacturing a laminated sheet can be used. In this case, since it is excellent in mass productivity, it is preferably carried out by extrusion laminating low-density polyethylene as specified in the invention of claim 4, and each layer is laminated integrally, and the sheet for fruit protection shade It becomes. Therefore, the adhesion of each layer is improved and the durability is improved. According to the extrusion laminating method, a synthetic resin is supplied to a melt extruder, extruded from a T die in a heated and melted state, poured between two layers, and cooled to form a sheet-like material that is a laminate. The Moreover, it is easy to control the thickness of the adhesive layer made of low-density polyethylene.

  When manufacturing a sheet for fruit protection shades, a nonwoven fabric (intermediate layer) is fed and melt extrusion is performed in a state in which the resin is heated and melted from a melt extruder supplied with a low-density polyethylene resin on one side. A synthetic resin woven fabric (back surface layer) is also fed out to the surface from which the low-density polyethylene resin is extruded at the same time as it is extruded from the T-die of the machine. At this time, a three-layer product of non-woven fabric (intermediate layer) / low density polyethylene (adhesive layer) / synthetic resin woven fabric (back layer) is formed. Subsequently, the low-density polyethylene resin is again extruded from the T-die of the melt extruder onto the non-woven fabric side surface of the three-layer product, and a pre-manufactured waterproof film (surface layer) is laminated at the same time as delivery. In this way, a sheet-like material consisting of all five layers shown in FIG. 4 is completed.

  The manufacturing process by the disclosed extrusion laminating method is an example, and can be other than the disclosed process. Here, the discharge of the resin from the T-die should be controlled to such an extent that the low-density polyethylene resin that will later become the adhesive layer does not penetrate into the nonwoven fabric too much. This is because, if the inside of the nonwoven fabric layer is filled with resin, the voids in the nonwoven fabric are extremely reduced and the water absorption effect is lowered.

  The fruit protection shade formed from the sheet for fruit protection shade of the present invention is put on the upper part of the fruit such as grape, mandarin orange, apple, none, peach, etc., its stem, branch, vine, or bellflower. The effects of rainwater and sunlight falling on the top of the fruit can minimize damage such as decay and sunburn caused by the fungus of the fruit.

[Creating a sheet for fruit protection shade]
When creating a sheet for fruit protection shade, a biaxially stretched polypropylene film ("OPL-H" manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd., thickness 35μm, specific gravity 0.70) is regenerated as a waterproof film (surface layer) and a non-woven fabric (intermediate layer). Nonwoven fabric derived from cellulose (Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd .: product name “TCF # 5025”), plain woven fabric (vertical per 6.45 cm ² ) made of high density polyethylene flat yarn on synthetic resin woven fabric (back layer) 6 × 6 flat yarns, about 900 denier) were used. The product name “Novatech LC720” manufactured by Nippon Polyethylene Co., Ltd. was used for the low-density polyethylene layer during the adhesion and lamination of each layer by extrusion lamination.

  First, the non-woven fabric is sent out, and on one side, a low-density polyethylene resin is heated and melted from a melt extruder and extruded from the T-die of the extruder. Sent out. Thus, a three-layer product of nonwoven fabric / first low density polyethylene layer / synthetic resin woven fabric was formed. Subsequently, simultaneously with the extrusion of the molten resin from the T-die to the surface where the nonwoven fabric of the three-layer product is exposed, a waterproof film is bonded together to form a waterproof film (surface layer) / second low density polyethylene ( The sheet for fruit protection shades of Example 1 made into 5 layer goods of adhesive layer) / nonwoven fabric (intermediate layer) / first low density polyethylene layer (adhesive layer) / synthetic resin woven fabric (back layer) was obtained. In the fruit protection shade sheet of Example 1, the thickness of the entire sheet was 170 μm.

[Sheets of comparative examples]
The inventors prepared six existing fruit protection shade sheets in order to evaluate the protection performance against rainwater of the fruit protection shade sheets (Comparative Examples 1 to 6).
In Comparative Example 1, “F 7410” manufactured by Kobayashi Bag Making Industry Co., Ltd. was used as the paraffin paper sheet.
In Comparative Example 2, a cut product of 160 μm monolayer milk white polyethylene manufactured by Kobayashi Bag Making Industry Co., Ltd. was used as the polyethylene sheet.
In Comparative Example 3, “Tyvek 1000AG” manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd. was used as the nonwoven fabric sheet.

  In Comparative Example 4, only the non-woven fabric (intermediate layer) was omitted from the fruit protective shade sheet of the example, and the other layers were the same type of film as in the example. A waterproof film (surface layer) is sent out, and on one side, a low-density polyethylene resin is heated and melted from a melt extruder and extruded from the T-die of the extruder. At the same time, the resin is also extruded on the surface. Resin woven fabric was delivered. And the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of the comparative example 4 made into the three-layer goods of a waterproof film (surface layer) / low density polyethylene (adhesion layer) / synthetic resin woven fabric (back layer) was obtained (the thickness of the whole sheet is 70 μm).

  In Comparative Example 5, only the synthetic resin woven fabric (back surface layer) was omitted from the fruit protection shade sheet of the example, and the other layers were the same type as the example. A waterproof film (surface layer) is sent out, and on one side, a low-density polyethylene resin is heated and melted from a melt extruder and extruded from a T-die of the extruder. At the same time, a nonwoven fabric ( Intermediate layer) Synthetic resin woven fabric was sent out. And the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of the comparative example 5 made into the 3 layer goods of a waterproof film (surface layer) / low density polyethylene (adhesion layer) / nonwoven fabric (intermediate layer) was obtained (the thickness of the whole sheet is 100 μm). .)

  In Comparative Example 6, a smooth low-density polyethylene film was used instead of the synthetic resin woven fabric of the fruit protection shade sheet of the example, and the other layers were the same type as the example. The nonwoven fabric was sent out, and a low-density polyethylene resin was heated and melted from one side of the non-woven fabric through a T-die of the extruder, and a waterproof film was sent out according to the side where the resin was pushed out. Thus, a three-layer product of nonwoven fabric / first low density polyethylene layer / waterproof film was formed. Subsequently, the molten resin is similarly extruded from the T-die onto the exposed surface of the three-layer nonwoven fabric, and a waterproof film (surface layer) / first low density polyethylene (adhesive layer) / nonwoven fabric (intermediate layer) ) / The sheet for fruit protection shades of Comparative Example 6 having a four-layer product of the second low-density polyethylene layer was obtained (the thickness of the entire sheet is 120 μm).

[Water leakage test]
Assuming the usage situation when the upper part of the fruit was covered with the sheet for protecting the fruit, a wire having a diameter of 2 mm was regarded as the fruit curd, and a plastic cup was connected to the end of the wire. Each of the sheet | seats for fruit protection shades of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 thru | or 6 was shape-formed and fixed to the wire part just above the cup. From the upper part of the wire to which the fruit protection shade of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 is fixed, watering by the following three types of precipitation is carried out for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and leakage from each fruit protection shade. The degree of water leakage was evaluated based on the amount of water (weight g) accumulated in the cup (see Table 1). In the table, the notation “∞” is a test example that was cut off in the middle because the amount of water leakage exceeded the capacity of the cup.
Precipitation (1): Light rain 5mm / h (0.005m ³ / h)
Precipitation (2): Normal rain 15mm / h (0.015m ³ / h)
Precipitation (3): Heavy rain 30 mm / h (0.030 m ³ / h)

At the same time, (a) effect of water absorption, (b) degree of maintenance of the shape of fruit protection shade, (c) effect of drainage when covered with fruit protection shade, when the above watering test by precipitation is conducted. It evaluated as follows. The results of precipitation (1), (2), and (3) in Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in Table 1.
(A) The effect of water absorption was evaluated with respect to whether or not the fruit protection shade itself has the ability to absorb water as “◯” for water absorption and “×” for no water absorption.
(B) The degree of shape maintenance is “○” indicating that the shape of the fruit protection shade can be maintained when it gets wet with water. Was evaluated as “△”, and “×” when the original shape of the shade was not maintained.
(C) The effect of drainage was evaluated as “○” for “Yes” and “×” for “No” as to whether or not water flowed on the reverse side of the fruit protection shade (the side facing the fruit).

[Results of water leakage test]
According to the fruit protection shade sheet of the example, the amount of water leaking through the gap between the sheet and the wire is remarkably small in comparison with any of the comparative example sheets. In particular, the water leakage prevention performance after the wrapping sheet for fruit protection shades of the example is once wrapped and covered with respect to the amount of water spraying of the precipitation (3), which is generally regarded as heavy rain, has a remarkable effect. From the comparison between the sheet of the example and the sheets of Comparative Examples 4 and 5, it was revealed that the water leakage suppression performance was lowered when both the nonwoven fabric as the intermediate layer and the synthetic resin woven fabric as the back layer were absent. From the comparison with the sheet of Comparative Example 6, it was found that when a smooth film other than the synthetic resin woven fabric was used, although there was no problem with a small amount of rain, water leakage became a problem when the amount of precipitation increased.

  The effect | action of each layer in the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of an Example can be assumed as follows. The surface layer made of a waterproof film protects the fruits directly from precipitation and sunlight as the outermost layer of the fruit protection shade. The intermediate layer made of non-woven fabric has high water absorption because it is a non-woven fabric derived from regenerated cellulose. Rainwater that has entered through the gap between the fruit bellflower (stem, branch, vine) and the fruit protection shade is absorbed by the non-woven fabric in contact with the fruit belly by capillary action. After having been absorbed by the nonwoven fabric to some extent, the permeated water that has become unable to be absorbed passes through the intermediate layer made of the nonwoven fabric and hangs down from the end of the fruit protection shade sheet and is drained out of the sheet. Just a non-woven layer acts as a water-permeable layer.

  However, when the amount of precipitation increases, it is not possible to cope with water leakage only by infiltration through the intermediate layer of the nonwoven fabric. Rainwater that has entered through the gap between the fruit bellflower and the fruit protective shade forms water droplets due to the hydrophobicity and surface tension of the synthetic resin woven fabric. Considering the effectiveness of the drainage effect, the back surface layer made of synthetic resin woven fabric has a lattice-like texture structure of the resin band as shown in the figure so far, and the surface is uneven. Have Water droplets are more likely to occur due to surface irregularities than simply a flat back layer. Since the lattice-like texture is connected from the top of the shade (cone) to the end, the water drops reach the end along the slope of the fruit-protecting shade while traveling in the direction of the lattice-like texture of the resin band, Drip from here.

  Based on the results of the water leak test and the action of each layer in the fruit protection shade sheet, as specified in the fruit protection shade sheet of the examples, from the surface layer made of waterproof film, the intermediate layer made of nonwoven fabric, from the synthetic resin woven fabric It is indispensable to have all of the back layer to be effective in preventing rain leakage. Furthermore, the possibility that the water flowing on the back side (surface facing the fruit) of the fruit protection shade exposed to rainwater will adhere to the fruit more than necessary, including high shape maintenance performance, can also be reduced.

[Verification test]
From the results of the measurement of water leakage, the inventors who were convinced that the rainwater penetration suppression effect by the fruit protection shade sheet of the example used the fruit protection shade sheet of the example for the actual fruit tree, and at the same time, The fruit protection shade sheets of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were also used. Then, the number of losses due to fruit rot, tears, mold, sunburn, illness, or vine rot caused by precipitation or solar radiation was evaluated.

  In the demonstration test, grapes (variety: Delaware) that had been cultivated in the Takatsuki district of Yamagata Prefecture from June 1 to July 20, 2008 were used as the fruits to be investigated. In both the examples and comparative examples, the number of specimens was 100, and the size of the shade to be covered was unified into a square of 20 cm × 20 cm. As a control group, 100 bunches of the same kind of grapes without a shade cover were prepared. Table 2 shows the number of tresses damaged and the number of bunches that can be finally shipped from each of the 100 tresses in the Examples, Comparative Examples, and No Shade. In the table, product A is a bruise-free bunch that can be shipped to the market. Product B is a slightly damaged tress used as a raw material for processing. The extraordinary product was considered to be fruit rot, tears, mold, sunburn, illness, or vine rot occurring in more than 20% of the whole bunch.

[Results and Discussion]
As for the grape using the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of Example 1, the output of A goods which are good goods compared with others improved markedly. In particular, the greatest factor was the ability to control batter rot and mold damage caused by rainwater passing through the vine. In addition, focusing on the contact portion between the grape vine (fruit bellows) and the fruit protection shade sheet, since the nonwoven fabric is provided like the sheet of Example 1, the possibility of the sheet damaging the vine is also reduced. I can do it. As a result, in the cultivation of fruits, it became possible to increase the amount of non-defective products that can be shipped compared to existing cultivation, and it was found that this greatly contributed to the improvement of producers' profits.

It is a perspective view during formation of the fruit protection shade concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the use condition of the fruit protection shade of FIG. It is a perspective view during formation of the fruit protection shade concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the sheet | seat for fruit protection shades. It is a top view of the plain weave of a resin band.

Explanation of symbols

1A, 1B, 10 Protective shade sheet for fruits 11, 21 Center point 12, 22 Cut portion 13 Intermediate point 14a, 14b, 24a, 24b Cut edge portion 23 Point on outer periphery 30 Surface layer 40 Intermediate layer 50 Back layer 60 Adhesive layer 80 Synthetic resin woven fabric 82 Plain weave

Claims (8)

In the sheet for fruit protection shades, which overlaps the sheet to cover the top of the fruit,
The sheet for fruit protection shade, wherein the sheet-like material includes a surface layer made of a waterproof film, an intermediate layer made of a nonwoven fabric, and a back layer made of a synthetic resin woven fabric.   The sheet-like object is a quadrangle, and has a notch that connects a point on one side of the quadrilateral sheet-like object and a center point of the sheet-like object, and overlaps the notch edge of the notch The sheet for fruit protection shades according to claim 1 which covered the upper part of a fruit.   The sheet-like object is circular, and has a notch that connects a point on the outer periphery of the circular sheet-like object and a center point of the sheet-like object, and overlaps the notch edge of the notch The sheet for fruit protection shades according to claim 1 which covered the upper part of a fruit.   The sheet for fruit protection shades according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the back layer of the sheet-like material are laminated by extrusion lamination of low density polyethylene. .   The sheet for fruit protection shades according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which said nonwoven fabric consists of a fibrous material derived from regenerated cellulose.   The said synthetic resin woven fabric consists of plain weave of the resin-made strip | belt-shaped object, and the said resin-made strip | belt-shaped material has penetrated from the one side of the said synthetic resin woven fabric to the other side. Fruit protection shade sheet. 7. The fruit protection shade according to claim 6, wherein the resin strips of the synthetic resin woven fabric are arranged in a number of 4 vertical, 4 horizontal to 12 vertical, and 12 horizontal per 6.45 cm ^2. Sheet.   The sheet | seat for fruit protection shades of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7 with which the said synthetic resin woven fabric is comprised from a fiber of 500-1300 denier.

Images