JP5237643B2 - 置換されたピリジン誘導体 - Google Patents
置換されたピリジン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5237643B2 JP5237643B2 JP2007557330A JP2007557330A JP5237643B2 JP 5237643 B2 JP5237643 B2 JP 5237643B2 JP 2007557330 A JP2007557330 A JP 2007557330A JP 2007557330 A JP2007557330 A JP 2007557330A JP 5237643 B2 JP5237643 B2 JP 5237643B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alkenyl
- alkyl
- cycloalkyl
- alkynyl
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 368
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 190
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 174
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 101
- -1 substituted Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- FHZUOZWUOXJEHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorophenyl)methyl n-(2,4-dimethyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound CC1=CC(N2CCOCC2)=NC(C)=C1NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1Cl FHZUOZWUOXJEHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NNJPKMLLSQRIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl n-(2,4-dimethyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound N1=C(C)C(NC(=O)OCC(C)C)=C(C)C=C1N1CCOCC1 NNJPKMLLSQRIQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KAEMILXLUFFLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-(2,4-dimethyl-6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound CC1=CC(N2CCOCC2)=NC(C)=C1NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 KAEMILXLUFFLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 41
- 108010006746 KCNQ2 Potassium Channel Proteins 0.000 description 40
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
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- 108010038888 KCNQ3 Potassium Channel Proteins 0.000 description 12
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001773 anti-convulsant effect Effects 0.000 description 12
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 101000994656 Homo sapiens Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 5 Proteins 0.000 description 8
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
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- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 229960001233 pregabalin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N pregabalin Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](CN)CC(O)=O AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036390 resting membrane potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020685 sleep-wake disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium valproate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940084026 sodium valproate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003594 spinal ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005062 synaptic transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical class C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBJUNZJWGZTSKL-MRXNPFEDSA-N tiagabine Chemical compound C1=CSC(C(=CCCN2C[C@@H](CCC2)C(O)=O)C2=C(C=CS2)C)=C1C PBJUNZJWGZTSKL-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001918 tiagabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004394 topiramate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005106 triarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000427 trigeminal ganglion Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010044652 trigeminal neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000836 trigeminal nuclei Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229950002929 trinitrophenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004496 type 1 vestibular hair cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000691 up-and-down procedure Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004515 ventral tegmental area Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001720 vestibular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960002911 zonisamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UBQNRHZMVUUOMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zonisamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CS(=O)(=O)N)=NOC2=C1 UBQNRHZMVUUOMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
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Description
・一日の必要用量を減少することによる、改善した用量での療法
・多剤治療の患者への投与の軽減
・副作用の減少
・治療指数の増大
・忍容性(tolerability)の改善、または
・コンプライアンス(compliance)の改善、
のような改善をもたらす。
「ヘテロ原子」という語句は窒素、酸素または硫黄原子を表す。
本発明は、KCNQカリウムチャネルの開口薬である置換されたピリジン誘導体に関する。
式中、qが0または1であり;
R1およびR2がそれぞれ、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシおよびC3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシからなる群から独立して選択され;そして
R3がC1-8-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)-C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)-C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ヘテロアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、NR4R5-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、NR4R5-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、NR4R5-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から選択され;式中、
R4およびR5がそれぞれ、水素、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびC3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から独立して選択される、
前記の化合物に関する。
・イオンチャネル、例えば、ナトリウム、カリウム、またはカルシウムチャネル
・興奮性アミノ酸系、例えば、NMDA受容体の遮断または変調
・抑制性神経伝達物質系、例えば、GABA放出、またはGABA取り込みの遮断、または
・膜安定化効果
における活性が含まれる。
・「KCNQ2チャネルを通る相対流量」
これは、標的チャネルにおける化合物の有効性を測定するものである
・「最大電気ショック(Maximum electroshock)」
これは、電気的手段による非特異的CNS刺激によって誘導される発作を測定するものである
・「ピロカルピン(Pilocarpine)誘導性発作」
ピロカルピンによって誘導される発作は、しばしば多くの既存の抗発作薬剤により治療することが困難であるので、「薬剤耐性発作」のモデルを反映する
・「電気的発作閾値試験(Electrical seizure-threshold tests)」および「化学的発作閾値試験(Chemical seizure-threshold tests)」
これらのモデルは、発作が開始する閾値を測定し、化合物が発作開始を遅らせることができるかを検出するモデルである
・「扁桃核キンドリング(Amygdala kindling)」
このモデルにおいては、正常動物がさらなる刺激を受けると該動物において発作がより重篤になるので、疾患の進行を測定するために用いられる。
・「CHO細胞における電気生理学的パッチクランプ記録」および「卵母細胞におけるKCNQ2、KCNQ2/KCNQ3またはKCNQ5チャネルの電気生理学的記録」
これらの試験においては、電位活性化型KCNQ2、KCNQ2/KCNQ3またはKCNQ5電流が記録される。
本発明はまた、医薬調合物に関する。本発明の化合物またはその塩は、単回または複数回投与で、単独でまたは薬学的に許容されるキャリアーまたは希釈剤と組み合わせて投与することができる。本発明による医薬調合物は、薬学的に許容されるキャリアーまたは希釈剤ならびに他の公知の佐剤および賦形剤とともに、「Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19 Edition, Gennaro, Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA, 1995」に開示されているような慣用の技術に従って製剤化することができる。
1)遊離塩基として計算して5.0 mgの本発明化合物を含む錠剤:
本発明化合物 5.0 mg
ラクトース 60 mg
メイズスターチ(Maize starch) 30 mg
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース 2.4 mg
微晶性セルロース(Microcrystalline cellulose) 19.2 mg
クロスカルメロースナトリウムタイプA 2.4 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 0.84 mg
2)遊離塩基として計算して0.5 mgの本発明化合物を含む錠剤:
本発明化合物 0.5 mg
ラクトース 46.9 mg
メイズスターチ 23.5 mg
ポビドン(Povidone) 1.8 mg
微晶性セルロース 14.4 mg
クロスカルメロースナトリウムタイプA 1.8 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 0.63 mg
3)1ミリリットルあたりに以下を含むシロップ剤:
本発明化合物 25 mg
ソルビトール(Sorbitol) 500 mg
ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース 15 mg
グリセロール 50 mg
メチル-パラベン 1 mg
プロピル-パラベン 0.1 mg
エタノール 0.005 mL
フレイバー 0.05 mg
サッカリンナトリウム 0.5 mg
水で1 mLに
4)1ミリリットルあたりに以下を含む注射溶液:
本発明化合物 0.5 mg
ソルビトール 5.1 mg
酢酸 0.05 mg
サッカリンナトリウム 0.5 mg
水で1 mLに
本発明化合物のこのような例は、本明細書において記載される式Iの実施態様のうちのいずれか1つを意味する。
本発明は一般式I:
式中、qが0または1であり;
R1およびR2がそれぞれ、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシおよびC3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシからなる群から独立して選択され;そして
R3がC1-8-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、場合により置換されるアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)-C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)-C3-8-ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ヘテロアリール-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、NR4R5-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、NR4R5-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、NR4R5-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびハロ-C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から選択され;式中、
R4およびR5がそれぞれ、水素、C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびC3-8-シクロアルキル(アルケニル)-C1-6-アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から独立して選択される、
前記の化合物に関する。
4-(4,6-ジメチル-ピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン
2-アミノ-4,6-ジメチルピリジン(50 g)、ビス(2-クロロエチル)エーテル(57.5 mL)、ヨウ化ナトリウム(6.13 g)およびトリエチルアミン(137 mL)をアルゴン下でN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(1 L)中において混合し、150℃で16時間加熱した。水/ブライン/飽和重炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(2:1:1, 750 mL)を冷却した反応混合物に添加し、それを酢酸エチル(5x 200 mL)で抽出した。有機相を合わせ、減圧下で約500 mLに濃縮した。水(500 mL)および濃塩酸水溶液(35 mL)を添加し、相を分離して、水性相を酢酸エチル(200 mL)で洗浄した。濃水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(50 mL)の添加により水性相を塩基性にし、酢酸イソプロピル(5x 200 mL)で抽出した。有機相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮することにより、44.0 g(収率56%)の表題化合物を黒色油状物として得た。粗製生成物をさらに精製することなく使用した。GC-MS (m/z) 192 (M+); tR = 5.60。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.08 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 3.39 (m, 4H), 3.68 (m, 4H), 6.05 (s, 1H), 6.44 (s, 1H)。
0℃に冷却したトリフルオロ酢酸(250 mL)に溶解した4-(4,6-ジメチル-ピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(9.4 g)に亜硝酸ナトリウム(3.54 g)を15分かけて添加し、反応混合物を0℃で15分間撹拌した。反応混合物を減圧下で約100 mLに濃縮し、濃水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(150 mL)を用いてpHを11に調節した。ブライン(200 mL)を添加し、混合物をジエチルエーテル(4x 150 mL)で抽出し、有機相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥して、減圧下で濃縮した。粗製生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 4:1)に付すことにより、2.01 g(収率17%)の表題化合物を黄色の固体として得た。GC-MS (m/z) 237 (M+); tR= 7.69。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 3.60 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.72 (s, 1H)。
0℃に冷却したテトラヒドロフラン(100 mL)における亜鉛粉(2.76 g)および4-(4,6-ジメチル-5-ニトロ-ピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(2.01 g)の混合物に、氷酢酸(25 mL)をゆっくりと添加した。その後、反応混合物を25℃で16時間撹拌し、セライトを通してろ過し、25%アンモニア水で塩基性にし、そしてテトラヒドロフラン(3x 75 mL)で抽出した。有機相を合わせ、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮することにより、1.76 g(100%)の表題化合物を暗赤色の固体として得た。GC-MS (m/z) 207 (M+); tR = 7.27。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.07 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 3.16 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 4.10 (b, 2H), 6.38 (s, 1H)。
アセトニトリル(100 mL)における2,4,6-トリクロロピリジン(10.0 g)および炭酸ナトリウム(5.9 g)の懸濁液にモルホリン(5.0 g)を添加した。その後、反応混合物を70℃で16時間撹拌し、常温に冷却し、セライトを通してろ過し、減圧下で濃縮した。粗製生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 4:1)に付すことによって、3.90 g(収率30%)の表題化合物をオフホワイトの固体として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 323.8 (M+); tR = 3.10, (UV, ELSD) 98.5%, 98.9%。 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.50 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H)。
濃硫酸(40 mL)における4-(4,6-ジクロロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(3.90 g)の溶液に硝酸カリウム(1.80 g)を10分間かけて添加した。反応混合物を常温で16時間撹拌し、その後クラッシュアイス(500 g)に加えた。反応混合物を濃水酸化ナトリウムでアルカリ性にし、酢酸エチル(2x100 mL)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮した。粗製生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 3:1)に付すことによって、2.26 g(収率49%)の表題化合物を黄色の固体として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 278.0 (M+); tR = 3.10, (UV, ELSD) 96.5%, 98.8%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.62 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 6.50 (s, 1H)。
メタノール(15 ml)における4-(4,6-ジクロロ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(2.02 g)の溶液に、ナトリウムメトキシド(0.98 g)を添加し、混合物を65℃で16時間加熱した。常温に冷却後、反応混合物を減圧下で濃縮した。粗製生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 3:1)に付すことによって、0.89 g(収率45%)の4-(4-クロロ-6-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(早く溶出するバンド)および0.38 g(19%)の4-(6-クロロ-4-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(遅く溶出するバンド)を両方とも黄色の固体として得た。
4-(4-クロロ-6-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン:LC-MS (m/z) 273 (M+); tR =2.77, (UV, ELSD) 95%, 97 %。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.60 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 3.96 (s, 1H), 6.17 (s, 1H)。
4-(6-クロロ-4-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン:LC-MS (m/z) 273 (M+); tR = 2.39, (UV, ELSD) 93%, 95%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.57 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 5.95 (s, 1H)。
濃塩酸(50 mL)における4-(4-クロロ-6-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(0.82 g)の溶液に、濃塩酸(80 mL)における二塩化スズ(3.38 g)の溶液を添加した。反応混合物を75℃に1時間加熱し、その後クラッシュアイス(400 g)に加え、酢酸エチル(2x100 mL)で抽出した。有機相を合わせ、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮することによって、0.45 g(収率61%)の表題化合物をオフホワイトの固体として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 244 (M+); tR = 1.48, (UV, ELSD) 89%, 94%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.30 (m, 4H), 3.65 (br s, 2H), 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 6.20 (s, 1H)。
濃塩酸(60 mL)における4-(6-クロロ-4-メトキシ-5-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)-モルホリン(0.82 g)の溶液に、濃塩酸(60 mL)における二塩化スズ(1.57 g)の溶液を添加した。反応混合物を75℃に5分間加熱し、その後クラッシュアイス(100 g)に加え、酢酸エチル(2x20 mL)で抽出した。有機相を合わせ、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮することによって、0.28 g(収率83%)の表題化合物をオフホワイトの固体として得た。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 3.35 (m, 4H), 3.65 (br s, 2H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 6.10 (s, 1H)。
本発明の化合物の酸付加塩は、当業者に公知の方法により容易に形成させることができる。
1aa (2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-カルバミン酸ベンジルエステル
ベンジルクロロホルメート(18 mg)を1,2-ジクロロエタン(1 mL)における0.085 M 2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イルアミンおよび0.17 M N,N-ジイソプロピル-エチルアミンの溶液に添加した。バイアルをアルゴン下で16時間振とうし、減圧下で濃縮した。水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1 M, 1 mL)を添加し、粗製混合物を酢酸イソプロピル/テトラヒドロフラン(4:1, 2x 1 mL)で抽出した。有機相をブライン(1 mL)で洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮して、1-プロパノール/ジメチルスルホキシド(1:1, 0.4 mL)に溶解し、そのうちの2 mLを分取LC-MS精製に付すことによって、4.5 mg(収率31%)の表題化合物を油状物として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 342 (MH+); tR= 1.58, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。
1ab (2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-カルバミン酸2-クロロ-ベンジルエステル
収率:18%。LC-MS (m/z) 376 (MH+); tR = 1.78, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 100%。
収率:4%。LC-MS (m/z) 360 (MH+); tR = 1.59, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 100%。
収率:24%。LC-MS (m/z) 352 (MH+); tR = 1.64, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 100%。
収率:16%。LC-MS (m/z) 332 (MH+); tR = 1.20, (UV, ELSD) 93%, 99%。
収率:15%。LC-MS (m/z) 346 (MH+); tR = 1.81, (UV, ELSD) 91%, 100%。
収率:29%。LC-MS (m/z) 308 (MH+); tR = 1.44, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 99%。
塩化オキサリル(ジクロロメタン中において2 M、1 mL)中において、アルゴン下、25℃で3-(3-クロロフェニル)プロピオン酸(20 mg)を2時間撹拌した。溶剤を減圧下で除去し、1,2-ジクロロエタン(1 mL)における0.085 M 2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イルアミンおよび0.17 M N,N-ジイソプロピル-エチルアミンの溶液を反応混合物に添加した。バイアルをアルゴン下で16時間振とうし、減圧下で濃縮した。水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1 M, 1 mL)を添加し、粗製混合物を酢酸イソプロピル/テトラヒドロフラン(4:1, 2x 1 mL)で抽出した。有機相をブライン(1 mL)で洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮して、1-プロパノール/ジメチルスルホキシド(1:1, 0.4 mL)に再溶解し、そのうちの0.2 mLを分取LC-MS精製に付すことによって、2.3 mg(収率14%)の表題化合物を油状物として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 374 (MH+); tR= 1.71, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。
1ai N-(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-2-(3,5-ジメチル-フェニル)-アセトアミド
収率:19%。LC-MS (m/z) 354 (MH+); tR = 1.69, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。
収率:20%。LC-MS (m/z) 354 (MH+); tR = 1.64, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 100%。
収率:14%。LC-MS (m/z) 360 (MH+); tR = 1.58, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 99%。
収率:9%。LC-MS (m/z) 395 (MH+); tR = 1.84, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 99%。
収率:18%。LC-MS (m/z) 332 (MH+); tR = 1.18, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 99%。
収率:16%。LC-MS (m/z) 340 (MH+); tR = 1.50, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 99%。
収率:12%。LC-MS (m/z) 405 (MH+); tR = 1.63, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 99%。
収率:20%。LC-MS (m/z) 394 (MH+); tR = 1.77, (UV, ELSD) 94%, 99%。
収率:11%。LC-MS (m/z) 326 (MH+); tR = 1.29, (UV, ELSD) 93%, 99%。
収率:20%。LC-MS (m/z) 348 (MH+); tR = 1.97, (UV, ELSD) 93%, 99%。
収率:44%。LC-MS (m/z) 334 (MH+); tR = 1.92, (UV, ELSD) 92%, 99%。
収率:4%。LC-MS (m/z) 376 (MH+); tR = 1.73, (UV, ELSD) 92%, 99%。
収率:24%。LC-MS (m/z) 320 (MH+); tR = 1.56, (UV, ELSD) 90%, 99%。
収率:26%。LC-MS (m/z) 354 (MH+); tR = 1.65, (UV, ELSD) 77%, 99%。
収率:13%。LC−MS(m/z)330(MH+);tR=1.50,(UV,ELSD)72%,99%。
収率:16%。LC-MS (m/z) 370 (MH+); tR = 1.56, (UV, ELSD) 94%, 99%。
収率:19%。LC-MS (m/z) 356 (MH+); tR = 1.35, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 99%。
収率:15%。LC-MS (m/z) 370 (MH+); tR = 1.48, (UV, ELSD) 76%, 99%。
m-トリル酢酸(0.33 g)、N,N-ジイソプロピル-エチルアミン(0.90 mL)およびN-[(ジメチルアミノ)-1H-1,2,3-トリアゾロ-[4,5-b]ピリジン-1-イル-メチレン]-N-メチル-メタンアミニウムヘキサフルオロ-ホスフェートN-オキシド(1.00 g)を乾燥N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(3 mL)中で混合し、アルゴン下で2分間撹拌した。乾燥N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(2 mL)に溶解した2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イルアミン(0.30 g)を反応混合物に添加し、これをアルゴン下で25℃において16時間撹拌した。酢酸エチル(20 mL)を添加し、有機相を飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液/水(1:1、20 mL)、水(20 mL)、ブライン/水(1:1、20 mL)で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、減圧下で濃縮して、フラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 3:1)によって精製することにより、0.069 g(収率14%)の表題化合物を白色固体として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 340 (MH+); tR = 1.42, (UV, ELSD) 96%, 100%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.00 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.56 (s, 2H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 7.21 (t, 1H), 9.30 (s, 1H)。
1bb N-(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-2-(4-フルオロ-フェニル)-アセトアミド
収率:14%。LC-MS (m/z) 344 (MH+); tR = 1.34, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.99 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 3.66 (m, 4H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 7.16 (dd, 2H), 7.38 (dd, 2H), 9.33 (s, 1H)。
収率:53%。LC-MS (m/z) 306 (MH+); tR = 1.26, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 98%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.05 (s, 9H), 2.07 (s, 3H), 2.18 (s, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 9.01 (s, 1H)。
収率:15%。LC-MS (m/z) 344 (MH+); tR = 1.54, (UV, ELSD) 100%, 100%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.00 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.64 (s, 2H), 3.66 (m, 4H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 7.08 (dt, 1H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 9.34 (s, 1H)。
収率:62%。LC−MS(m/z)344(MH+);tR=1.58,(UV,ELSD)99%,99%。1HNMR(500MHz,DMSO−d6):1.14(m,4H),1.42(m,4H),1.90(m,1H),2.01(m,1H),2.04(s,3H),2.10(m,1H),2.16(s,3H),2.21(m,2H),3.37(m,4H),3.67(m,4H),6.53(s,1H),9.04(s,1H)。
収率:9%。LC-MS (m/z) 362 (MH+); tR = 1.52, (UV, ELSD) 95%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 2.00 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.63 (s, 2H), 3.66 (m, 4H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 9.32 (s, 1H)。
収率:34%。LC-MS (m/z) 306 (MH+); tR = 1.33, (UV, ELSD) 100%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 0.91 (d, 6H), 1.49 (dt, 2H), 1.58 (m, 1H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.28 (t, 2H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.07 (s, 1H)。
収率:13%。LC−MS(m/z)316(MH+);tR=1.25,(UV,ELSD)97%,94%。1HNMR(500MHz,DMSO−d6):1.51(m,1H),2.05(m,1H),2.06(s,3H),2.17(s,3H),2.26(m,2H),2.35(m,2H),3.07(m,1H),3.38(m,4H),3.68(m,4H),5.73(m,1H),5.77(m,1H),6.54(s,1H),9.09(s,1H)。
収率:12%。LC-MS (m/z) 332 (MH+); tR = 1.50, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 95%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 0.98 (m, 2H), 1.20 (m, 3H), 1.71 (m, 6H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 2.15 (d, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.05 (s, 1H)。
収率:40%。LC-MS-TOF (m/z) 320 (MH+); tR = 1.51, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 100%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 0.87 (d, 6H), 1.21 (m, 2H), 1.60 (m, 3H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.25 (t, 2H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.05 (s, 1H)。
2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イルアミン(0.22 g)およびシクロペンチルアセチルクロリド(0.19 mL)をアセトニトリル(5 mL)に溶解し、密閉したマイクロ波プロセスバイアル中で150℃に10分間加熱した。反応混合物を減圧下で濃縮し、フラッシュクロマトグラフィー(SiO2、ヘプタン/酢酸エチル 3:1)によって精製することにより、0.17 g(収率49%)の表題化合物を白色固体として得た。LC-MS (m/z) 318 (MH+); tR = 1.40, (UV, ELSD) 97%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.21 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 2H), 1.61 (m, 2H), 1.77 (m, 2H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.24 (m, 1H), 2.26 (m, 2H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.05 (s, 1H)。
1bl 3-シクロペンチル-N-(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-プロピオンアミド
収率:34%。LC-MS (m/z) 332 (MH+); tR = 1.57, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.11 (m, 2H), 1.49 (m, 2H), 1.60 (m, 4H), 1.77 (m, 3H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.28 (t, 2H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.06 (s, 1H)。
収率:51%。LC-MS (m/z) 306 (MH+); tR = 1.39, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 0.88 (t, 3H), 1.31 (m, 4H), 1.60 (m, 2H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.27 (t, 2H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.67 (m, 4H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 9.03 (s, 1H)。
収率:53%。LC-MS (m/z) 354 (MH+); tR = 2.68, (UV, ELSD) 98%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.25 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.65 (m, 4H), 1.90 (m, 2H), 2.45 (m, 3H), 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.77 (m, 4H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 6.20 (s, 1H), 6.50 (s, 1H)。
収率:69%。LC-MS (m/z) 354 (MH+); tR = 2.39, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.25 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.70 (m, 4H), 1.90 (m, 2H), 2.35 (m, 3H), 3.50 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 4H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 6.00 (s, 1H), 6.45 (s, 1H)。
収率:56%。LC-MS (m/z) 342 (MH+); tR = 2.31, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 1.10 (s, 9H), 2.25 (s, 2H), 3.50 (m, 4H), 3.77 (m, 4H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 6.00 (s, 1H), 6.45 (s, 1H)。
収率:68%。LC-MS (m/z) 342 (MH+); tR = 1.39, (UV, ELSD) 99%, 99%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.10 (s, 9H), 2.15 (s, 2H), 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.70 (m, 4H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H)。
収率:71%。LC-MS (m/z) 300 (MH+); tR = 0.97, (UV, ELSD) 98%, 98%。1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): 1.05 (t, 3H), 2.25 (q, 2H), 3.45 (m, 4H), 3.70 (m, 4H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H)。
表1 実施例1における化合物の製造に使用した試薬
ここでは本発明化合物を評価するためのKCNQ2スクリーニングプロトコールを例証する。このアッセイは、KCNQ2チャネルを通る相対流量を測定し、hERGカリウムチャネルに関して「Tang et al. (Tang, W. et. al., J. Biomol. Screen. 2001, 6, 325-331)」に記載されている方法に以下の記載のように改良を加えて実施した。
電位活性化型KCNQ2電流を、全細胞パッチクランプ法における慣用のパッチクランプ記録技術を用いることによって、哺乳類CHO細胞から記録した(Hamill OP et.al. Pfluegers Arch 1981; 391: 85-100)。電位活性化型KCNQ2チャネルを安定発現するCHO細胞を、CO2インキュベーター中、通常の細胞培養条件下で培養し、播種から1〜7日後に電気生理学的な記録のために使用した。KCNQ2カリウムチャネルは、電圧を- 100 mV〜- 40 mVの膜の保持電位から5〜20 mVずつ増加させることで(またはランププロトコールを用いて)+ 80 mV まで上げることにより活性化させた(Tatulian L et al. J Neuroscience 2001; 21 (15): 5535-5545)。化合物により誘導される電気生理学的効果について、電位活性化型KCNQ2電流の種々のパラメーターにより評価を行った。特に、電流に対する活性化閾値および最大の誘導電流における効果について検討した。
電位活性化型KCNQ2、KCNQ2/KCNQ3またはKCNQ5電流を、KCNQ2、KCNQ2+KCNQ3またはKCNQ5イオンチャネルをコードするmRNAを注入したアフリカツメガエル卵母細胞から記録した(Wang et al., Science 1998, 282, 1890-1893; Lerche et al., J Biol Chem 2000, 275, 22395-400)。KCNQ2、KCNQ2/KCNQ3またはKCNQ5カリウムチャネルは、電圧を膜の保持電位(- 100 mV〜- 40 mV)から5〜20 mVずつ増加させることで(またはランププロトコールを用いて)+ 40 mV まで上げることにより活性化させた。化合物により誘導される電気生理学的効果について、電位活性化型KCNQ2、KCNQ2/KCNQ3またはKCNQ5電流の種々のパラメーターにより評価を行った。特に、電流に対する活性化閾値および最大の誘導電流における効果について検討した。いくつかの化合物の過分極効果についてもまた、電流クランプの間の膜電位において直接試験を行った。
緊張性の後肢伸張(tonic hind limb extension)により特徴付けられる痙攣を誘導するために、角膜電極および26 mAで0.4秒間の方形波電流処理を用いて、雄マウスの群で試験を実施した(Wlaz et al. Epilepsy Research 1998, 30, 219-229)。
ピロカルピン誘導性発作を、雄マウスの群への250 mg/kgピロカルピンの腹腔内注射により誘導させて、30分以内の姿勢保持の喪失(loss of posture)を生じる発作活性を観察した(Starr et al. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 1993, 45, 321-325)。
上下変動法(up-and-down method)(Kimball et a., Radiation Research 1957, 1-12)の改法を、雄マウス群において、角膜電気ショックに応答する緊張性の後肢伸張(tonic hind-limb extension)を誘導する閾値中央値を測定するために使用した。14 mA(0.4 s, 50 Hz)の電気ショックを受けたそれぞれの群の最初のマウスの発作活性を観察した。発作が観察された場合は、次のマウスに対する電流を1mA ずつ減少させるが、発作が観察されなかった場合は、電流を1mA ずつ増加させた。この工程を処置群における15匹のマウス全てに対して繰り返した。
間代性痙攣を誘導するために必要なペンチレンテトラゾール(pentylenetetrazole)の閾値用量を、ペンチレンテトラゾールの雄マウス群の外側尾(lateral tail)静脈への持続注入(0.5 mL/分で5mg/mL)により測定した(Nutt et al. J Pharmacy and Pharmacology 1986, 38, 697-698)。
ラットの外側扁桃体に三極電極を植え込むために外科処置を行った。外科処置後、ラット群が各用量の試験化合物または薬剤のビヒクルのどちらか一方を受ける前に、動物を回復させた。この動物を、閾値である+ 25 μAでの放電後、3〜5週の間、連日初期と同じ電流で刺激し、そのたびごとに発作重症度、発作継続時間、および放電後の電気の継続時間を観察した(Racine. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1972, 32, 281-294)。
中枢神経系の副作用を、マウスがロータロッド装置に留まる時間を測定することにより(Capacio et al. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 1992, 15, 177-201);または、試験ケージ中を横切る赤外線の数の計測によって自発運動を測定すること(Watson et al. Neuropharmacology 1997, 36, 1369-1375)により測定した。化合物の動物中核体温における体温降下作用を、直腸プローブまたは温度を測定できるインプラントの遠隔送信機により測定した(Keeney et al. Physiology and Behaviour 2001, 74, 177-184)。
前記化合物の薬物動態特性を、Spraque Dawleyラットへの静脈注射(i.v.)および経口(p.o.)投与およびその後20時間にわたって採取した血液サンプルによって決定した。血漿濃度をLC/MS/MSで測定した。
Claims (9)
- 一般式I:
を有する遊離塩基またはその塩としての化合物であって、
式中、qが1であり;
R1およびR2がそれぞれ、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシおよびC3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシからなる群から独立して選択され;そして
R3がC1−8−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、場合によって置換されるアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)−C3−8−ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)−C3−8−ヘテロシクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ヘテロアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、NR4R5−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、NR4R5−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から選択され;式中、
R4およびR5がそれぞれ、水素、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびC3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から独立して選択される、前記の化合物。 - R1およびR2がそれぞれ、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシおよびハロゲンからなる群から独立して選択される、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1およびR2の両方がC1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)である、請求項2記載の化合物。
- R1がC1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシであり、R2がハロゲンであるか、もしくは、R1がハロゲンであり、R2がC1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシである、請求項2記載の化合物。
- R3がC1−8−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、場合により置換されるアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ヘテロアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ヘテロアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の化合物。
- R3がC1−8−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、場合により置換されるアリール−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)およびヘテロアリール−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)からなる群から選択される、請求項5記載の化合物。
- 場合により置換されるアリールがハロゲン、シアノ、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)、ハロ−C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシ、C3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)オキシおよびC3−8−シクロアルキル(アルケニル)−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシからなる群から独立して選択される1個またはそれ以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい、請求項1、5または6に記載の化合物。
- 場合により置換されるアリールがハロゲン、C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)、ハロ−C1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)およびC1−6−アルキル(アルケニル/アルキニル)オキシからなる群から独立して選択される1個またはそれ以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい、請求項7記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物が以下:
(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-カルバミン酸ベンジルエステル;
(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-カルバミン酸2-クロロ-ベンジルエステル;および
(2,4-ジメチル-6-モルホリン-4-イル-ピリジン-3-イル)-カルバミン酸イソブチルエステル
からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載の遊離塩基またはその塩としての化合物。
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| EP (2) | EP1861394A1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP5237643B2 (ja) |
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| CY (1) | CY1114561T1 (ja) |
| HR (1) | HRP20130973T1 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX2007010547A (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO20074959L (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL2298766T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006092143A1 (ja) |
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| US20050089559A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 | 2005-04-28 | Istvan Szelenyi | Combinations of potassium channel openers and sodium channel inhibitors or sodium channel-influencing active compounds for treating pains |
| EP1861394A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2007-12-05 | H.Lundbeck A/S | Substituted pyridine derivatives |
| US20070078177A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Washington University In St. Louis | Methods and compositions for treating non age related hearing impairment in a subject |
| TWI453013B (zh) | 2006-02-07 | 2014-09-21 | Lundbeck & Co As H | N-(2,4-二甲基-6-嗎啉-4-基-吡啶-3-基〉3,3-二甲基-丁醯胺之用途以及包含該化合物之醫藥品 |
| US7960436B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2011-06-14 | Valeant Pharmaceuticals International | Substituted arylamino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro naphthalenes and-2,3-dihydro-1H-indenes as potassium channel modulators |
| SG174095A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2011-09-29 | Valeant Pharmaceuticals Int | Derivatives of 4-(n-azacycloalkyl) anilides as potassium channel modulators |
| US8993593B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2015-03-31 | Valeant Pharmaceuticals International | N-(4-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3,3-dimethylbutanamide as potassium channel modulators |
| CN101578259A (zh) | 2006-11-28 | 2009-11-11 | 威朗国际制药公司 | 作为钾通道调节剂的1,4-二氨基双环瑞替加滨类似物 |
| US8367684B2 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2013-02-05 | Valeant Pharmaceuticals International | Derivatives of 4-(N-azacycloalkyl) anilides as potassium channel modulators |
| AR070513A1 (es) * | 2007-08-01 | 2010-04-14 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Uso de abridores de canales de potasio kcnq para reducir los sintomas o tratar desordenes o afecciones en las cuales se encuentra anulado el sis-tema dopaminergico como por ejemplo esquizofrenia y trastorno depresivo mayor |
| US7786146B2 (en) | 2007-08-13 | 2010-08-31 | Valeant Pharmaceuticals International | Derivatives of 5-amino-4,6-disubstituted indole and 5-amino-4,6-disubstituted indoline as potassium channel modulators |
| WO2010094645A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | Neurosearch A/S | Substituted pyridine derivatives and their medical use |
| WO2010094644A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | Neurosearch A/S | Substituted pyridine derivatives and their medical use |
| WO2010097379A1 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-09-02 | Neurosearch A/S | Substituted pyrimidin derivatives and their medical use |
| TWI504395B (zh) | 2009-03-10 | 2015-10-21 | Substituted 3-amino-2-mercaptoquinoline as a KCNQ2 / 3 modifier | |
| TW201038565A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-11-01 | Gruenenthal Gmbh | Substituted 2-mercapto-3-aminopyridines as KCNQ2/3 modulators |
| TWI475020B (zh) | 2009-03-12 | 2015-03-01 | The substituted nicotine amide as a KCNQ2 / 3 modifier | |
| TWI461197B (zh) | 2009-03-12 | 2014-11-21 | 2-mercaptoquinoline-3-carboxamide as a KCNQ2 / 3 modifier | |
| WO2011026890A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Neurosearch A/S | 2, 3, 6 -triamino substituted pyridines as kv7 (kcnq) channel modulators |
| US20120232058A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2012-09-13 | Neurosearch A/S | Substituted pyridine derivatives and their medical use |
| RU2595894C2 (ru) | 2010-08-27 | 2016-08-27 | Грюненталь Гмбх | Замещенные 2-окси-хинолин-3-карбоксамиды в качестве модуляторов kcnq2/3 |
| MX342459B (es) | 2010-08-27 | 2016-09-29 | Grünenthal Gmbh * | 2-oxo- y 2-tioxo-dihidroquinolin-3-carboxamidas sustituidas, como moduladores de kcnq2/3. |
| CA2805932A1 (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Gruenenthal Gmbh | Substituted 2-amino-quinoline-3-carboxamides as kcnq2/3 modulators |
| CA2807886A1 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Gruenenthal Gmbh | Substituted 1-oxo-dihydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamides as kcnq2/3 modulators |
| JP5947307B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-20 | 2016-07-06 | グリュネンタール・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Kcnq2/3調節因子としての置換6−アミノ−ニコチンアミド |
| AU2015201122B2 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2016-02-25 | Grunenthal Gmbh | Substituted 6-amino-nicotinamides as KCNQ2/3 modulators |
| US9168259B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2015-10-27 | Grünenthal GmbH | Substituted 6-amino-nicotinamides as KCNQ2/3 modulators |
| CA2839350A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Contera Pharma Aps | The use of serotonin receptor agonists for treatment of movement disorders |
| WO2013156155A1 (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | Grünenthal GmbH | Substituted 4-aminobenzamides as kcnq2/3 modulators |
| PL3160464T3 (pl) | 2014-06-26 | 2018-12-31 | Contera Pharma Aps | 6-hydroksybuspiron do stosowania w leczeniu zaburzeń ruchowych |
| CN111386272B (zh) * | 2017-10-27 | 2023-01-06 | 费森尤斯卡比肿瘤学有限公司 | 一种改进的瑞博西尼及其盐的制备方法 |
| US20220354818A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-11-10 | Advanced Neuroresearch Therapeutics LLC | Methods for treating brain injury or cognitive dysfunction by pharmacological enhancment of m-type potassium ion currents in neurons |
| TWI886158B (zh) | 2019-10-10 | 2025-06-11 | 加拿大商再諾製藥公司 | 選擇性鉀通道調節劑之固態晶型 |
| MX2022005490A (es) | 2019-11-08 | 2022-08-10 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc | Metodos para el tratamiento de trastornos depresivos. |
| US11957675B2 (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2024-04-16 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Methods and uses for treating anhedonia |
| CN116535353A (zh) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-08-04 | 上海挚盟医药科技有限公司 | 作为钾通道调节剂的酰胺类化合物及其制备和应用 |
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| DE4200259A1 (de) | 1992-01-08 | 1993-07-15 | Asta Medica Ag | Neue 1,2,4-triaminobenzol-derivate und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| US5981525A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1999-11-09 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Indole derivatives useful in the treatment of osteoporosis |
| DE19539861A1 (de) | 1995-10-26 | 1997-04-30 | Asta Medica Ag | Verwendung von 4-Amino-4-(4-fluorbenzylamino)-1-ethoxy-carbonylaminobenzen zur Prophylaxe und Behandlung der Folgen der akuten und chronischen zerebralen Minderdurchblutung sowie neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen |
| EP1033366A3 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-12-27 | Pfizer Products Inc. | Amide derivatives useful as Neuropeptide Y (NPY) antagonists |
| US6407120B1 (en) | 1999-02-18 | 2002-06-18 | Pfizer Inc. | Neuropeptide Y antagonists |
| ATE380176T1 (de) * | 1999-08-04 | 2007-12-15 | Icagen Inc | Benzanilide als öffner des kaliumkanals |
| US6495550B2 (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2002-12-17 | Icagen, Inc. | Pyridine-substituted benzanilides as potassium ion channel openers |
| US6117900A (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2000-09-12 | Asta Medica Aktiengesellschaft | Use of retigabine for the treatment of neuropathic pain |
| WO2001092526A1 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-06 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Human kcnq5 potassium channel, methods and compositions thereof |
| WO2001096540A2 (en) | 2000-06-11 | 2001-12-20 | Dupont Pharmaceuticals Company | Hepatitis c protease exosite for inhibitor design |
| US6589986B2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2003-07-08 | Wyeth | Methods of treating anxiety disorders |
| CZ20032233A3 (cs) * | 2001-02-20 | 2004-12-15 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Derivát 2,4-disubstituovaného pyrimidin-5-karboxamidu jako modulátor draslíkového kanálku KCNQ |
| JP2003206230A (ja) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-22 | Yamanouchi Pharmaceut Co Ltd | シアノヘテロ環誘導体又はその塩 |
| WO2004082677A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-09-30 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Substituted p-diaminobenzene derivatives |
| TWI349666B (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2011-10-01 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Substituted morpholine and thiomorpholine derivatives |
| EP1861394A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2007-12-05 | H.Lundbeck A/S | Substituted pyridine derivatives |
-
2006
- 2006-03-02 EP EP06706094A patent/EP1861394A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-02 PL PL10182072T patent/PL2298766T3/pl unknown
- 2006-03-02 US US11/817,340 patent/US7812020B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-02 AU AU2006220130A patent/AU2006220130B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-02 WO PCT/DK2006/000123 patent/WO2006092143A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-02 CA CA2599890A patent/CA2599890C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-02 JP JP2007557330A patent/JP5237643B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-02 EP EP10182072.8A patent/EP2298766B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2006-03-02 MX MX2007010547A patent/MX2007010547A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2013-10-14 HR HRP20130973TT patent/HRP20130973T1/hr unknown
- 2013-10-25 CY CY20131100948T patent/CY1114561T1/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2006220130A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
| US7812020B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
| US8299071B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
| MX2007010547A (es) | 2007-10-03 |
| EP2298766B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| JP5705249B2 (ja) | 2015-04-22 |
| CY1114561T1 (el) | 2016-10-05 |
| PL2298766T3 (pl) | 2014-09-30 |
| EP2298766A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| NO20074959L (no) | 2007-10-02 |
| JP2013136613A (ja) | 2013-07-11 |
| WO2006092143A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
| AU2006220130B2 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
| HRP20130973T1 (hr) | 2013-11-22 |
| US20080318953A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
| EP1861394A1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| JP2008531609A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
| US20110003811A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| CA2599890C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
| CA2599890A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
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