JP5244482B2 - Induction hardening device for crankshaft - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-frequency induction heating device for a crankshaft, and more specifically, follows a high-frequency induction heating coil assembled in a lateral portion of a disk transformer following a journal portion or a pin portion of a crankshaft rotated about an axis. The present invention relates to an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft in which quenching is performed by cooling the journal part or the pin part by induction induction heating.

  FIG. 4 shows a conventional induction hardening device 40 for a crankshaft. The induction hardening device 40 includes a disk transformer (current transformer) 41 to which a high frequency current is supplied from a high frequency power source (not shown). A high-frequency induction heating coil body 43 that holds the high-frequency induction heating coil 32 attached in a suspended state to the lower portion of the disk transformer 41 is provided. Further, a follower arm 46 is cantilevered on a turning shaft 45 provided on the frame 44, and the disk transformer 41 is suspended on the follower arm 46 via a turning shaft 47. ing. A chain 50 is connected to the other end of the balance spring 49 supported at one end by the frame 48, and the chain 39 is coupled to the free end of the follow-up arm 46 through the sprocket 51. Thus, the weight of the follower unit 54 including the disk transformer 41, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 43, and the hoses 52 and 53 described later is reduced by the tensile force of the balance spring 38 (for example, JP, A 2005-89811).

  The disk transformer 41 is connected to a plurality of hoses 52 for supplying or discharging the coolant, and the high-frequency induction heating coil body 43 is also provided with a plurality of hoses 53 for supplying or discharging the coolant. It is connected.

Although not shown, the high frequency induction heating coil body 43 is integrally provided with a quenching cooling part (cooling jacket) below the high frequency induction heating coil 42, so that the journal part or pin part of the crankshaft. After being heated by high frequency induction, the coolant is jetted from the quenching / cooling section to the crankshaft journal section or the pin section. A quenching / cooling unit may be provided at a lower portion of the high-frequency induction heating coil body 43.
JP 2005-89811 A

  The conventional crankshaft induction hardening apparatus 40 as described above has various problems as described below. First, the length of the balance spring 49 is adjusted in order to adjust the tensile force of the balance spring 49 in accordance with the type of crankshaft to be hardened. Since it is at the uppermost part of the insertion device 40, the adjustment of the length of the balance spring 49 is a work at a high place, which is troublesome. Further, since the balance spring 49 is used to reduce the weight of the follow-up unit 54, the tensile force changes depending on the time of use, and the balance spring 49 may be broken due to deterioration.

  Further, since the chain 50 and the sprocket 51 are in contact with each other, the chain 50 may be damaged due to wear.

  Further, since the follower unit 54 is always suspended from the follower arm 46 in its free state by its own weight via the turning shaft 47, it is difficult to adjust the position due to the influence of the hoses 52, 53, etc. The position of the heating coil tie 43 and thus the high frequency induction heating coil 42 varies after the device 40 is transported, the hoses 52 and 53 are replaced, the high frequency induction heating coil 42 is replaced, various components are replaced, and the like.

  Further, in the so-called hanging type follow-up unit 54 as described above, an electrode portion (not shown) for connecting the disk transformer 41 and the high-frequency induction heating coil 42 to each other, and the disk transformer 41 at the heating position. Since the steam at the time of heating / cooling is directly above and rises to the electrode section and the disk transformer 41, a spark is generated in the electrode section, and the life of the disk transformer 41 and the high frequency induction heating coil 42 is shortened. There is.

  In addition, when the high frequency induction heating coil 42 is accidentally mounted on a place other than the processing site, the loose spring of the balance spring 49 is applied to the high frequency induction heating coil 42. There is a risk of damage.

  The present invention has been made in view of the various problems as described above. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a coil following mechanism that is simple (compact), inexpensive, has a long life, and has high maintainability. An object of the present invention is to provide an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, the high frequency induction heating coil attached to the lateral portion of the disk transformer follows the journal portion or pin portion of the crankshaft rotated about the axis, while the journal portion. Alternatively, in the induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft in which the pin portion is quenched by induction induction heating and cooling, a mechanism for causing the disk transformer and the induction induction heating coil to follow the journal portion or the pin portion is provided. The left and right follower guide mechanism, the front and rear follower guide mechanism, and the up and down turning guide mechanism are configured such that the center of gravity of the follower unit including the disk transformer and the high frequency induction heating coil is guided by the high frequency guidance from the turning fulcrum of the up and down turning guide mechanism. It arrange | positions in the position by the side of a heating coil.

  In the present invention, a mechanism for causing a disk transformer and a high-frequency induction heating coil to follow a journal portion or a pin portion includes a left-right follow guide mechanism, a front-rear follow-up guide mechanism, and a vertical swing guide mechanism. Since the center of gravity of the follower unit including the induction heating coil is arranged at a position closer to the high frequency induction heating coil than the pivot point of the vertical swing guide mechanism, the pivot point of the vertical swing guide mechanism and the center of gravity of the follower unit By adjusting the position, the journal part or pin part (workpiece) of the clan shaft and the high frequency induction heating coil have a slight gap with respect to the work without using a balance spring at a high position as in the past. Since it can reduce the force applied to the contact part with the guide tip for supporting through Omission of have balance spring, it is possible to suppress the height of the induction hardening apparatus can be made inexpensive to obtain achieving thus simplifying the induction hardening apparatus (compact). Moreover, the weight applied from the high frequency induction heating coil body (structure holding the high frequency induction heating coil and the guide tip) to the journal portion or pin portion of the crankshaft is adjusted by the center of gravity of the follower unit and the pivot point of the vertical swing guide mechanism. Since it can be performed by adjusting the distance between the two at a normal height, the adjustment work can be easily performed. Also, since the weight of the follower unit is reduced by the positional relationship between the center of gravity of the follower unit and the turning fulcrum of the vertical turning guide mechanism, the degree of reduction depends on the usage time of the induction hardening device. It has the advantage that it does not change and it is not necessary to use parts that break or wear. In addition, since the induction hardening apparatus of the present invention uses a so-called horizontal type disk transformer, only the high frequency induction heating coil body arranged at the horizontal part of the disk transformer is the part that affects the quenching. Yes, there is no electrode or disk transformer above the high frequency induction heating coil body. Therefore, the vapor generated when heating or cooling the workpiece does not adversely affect the electrode or disk transformer, and the life is extended. Is possible. Furthermore, in the apparatus for induction hardening the journal part of the crankshaft, since the fluctuation of the journal part when the crankshaft is rotated around the axis is small, the induction hardening apparatus of the present invention is not limited to any journal. It can also be applied to parts.

  Further, according to the induction hardening apparatus of the present invention, the weight with respect to the workpiece is adjusted by the balance of the center of gravity of the follow-up unit, so that the high-frequency induction heating coil body accidentally rides on a place other than the processing site. However, there is almost no change in weight, and damage to the high-frequency induction heating coil body can be prevented. In addition, if the high frequency induction heating coil body is lifted greatly, the center of gravity of the follower unit moves to the opposite side of the turning fulcrum (fulcrum of the turning axis), so the high frequency induction heating coil body automatically escapes from the workpiece and is lifted. Will be held. Therefore, even in such a case, the high frequency induction heating coil body can be prevented from being damaged.

  Hereinafter, an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1A and 1B show a crankshaft induction hardening apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This induction hardening apparatus 1 is a horizontal type disk transformer (current transformer). ) 2. A high frequency induction heating coil body 4 is attached to the horizontal portion 2 a of the horizontal disk transformer 2 by an attachment mechanism 3. As shown in FIG. 1B, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 includes a high-frequency induction heating coil 6 for high-frequency induction heating a journal portion 5 (or a pin portion outside the drawing) of a crankshaft as a work, and a journal. The guide chips 7a, 7b, 7c are held in contact with the upper part and both side parts of the part 5 so as to correspond to the high frequency induction heating coil 6 with a slight gap with respect to the journal part 5.

  On the other hand, one end portions of a plurality of connection hoses 9 are respectively attached to the fixed frame 8, and the other end portions of these connection hoses 9 are respectively connected to the plurality of collecting pipes 10, and the collecting pipe 10 and the disk transformer are connected to each other. A plurality of cooling fluid hoses 11 for supplying or discharging a cooling fluid for cooling the disk transformer 2 are connected. Furthermore, a coolant hose 12 for cooling the high-frequency induction heating coil 6 and the guide tips 7a to 7c is connected between the above-described collecting pipe 10 and the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4, and the illustration thereof is omitted. A discharge hose for discharging the coolant that has flowed from the coolant hose 12 through the high frequency induction heating coil 6 and the guide tips 7a to 7c is also connected to the four heating coils. Thus, the disk transformer 2, the mounting mechanism 3, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4, the various hoses 9, 11, 12, the collecting pipe 10, and various components mounted on the disk transformer 2 constitute the follow-up unit 13. .

  The mechanism for causing the follow-up unit 13 to follow the journal portion 5 of the crankshaft rotated about the axis is configured as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a pair of guide rails 16a fixed to the base 15 and a longitudinally moving guide 16b slidably attached to the pair of guide rails 16a. The front / rear following guide mechanism 17 is configured, and a pair of guide rails 18a (provided at a right angle to the guide rail 16a) provided on the above-described front / rear movement guide 16b and slides on the pair of guide rails 18a. A left and right follow guide mechanism 19 is constituted by a left and right moving guide 18b that is freely attached. Furthermore, a pivot shaft 22 integrally attached to the horizontal disk transformer 2 via a support member 21 is rotatably supported on the shaft support member 20 provided in the above-described left and right movement guide 18b. An up-and-down turning guide mechanism 23 for freely moving the transformer 2 and the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 by an arc motion is configured. Thus, the follow-up mechanism 24 is constituted by the front-rear follow-up guide mechanism 17, the left-right follow-up guide mechanism 19, and the up-down turning guide mechanism 23.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the disk transformer 2, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 that holds the high-frequency induction heating coil 6, various hoses 9, 11, 12, the collecting pipe 10, and the like. The center of gravity M of the follow-up unit 13 is arranged at a position closer to the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and thus the high-frequency induction heating coil 6 than the turning fulcrum N of the turning shaft 22 constituting the up-and-down turning guide mechanism 23. ing. In this case, the weight of the follower unit 13 is G, the distance between the vertical line passing through the center of gravity M of the follower unit 13 and the vertical line passing through the turning fulcrum N of the turning shaft 22 is A, and the turning fulcrum of the turning shaft 22 If the distance between the vertical line passing through N and the vertical line passing through the force point applied to the journal portion 5 (the contact point between the upper guide tip 7a and the journal portion 5) is B, the upper guide tip 7a The force F applied to the contact portion with the journal portion 5 is F = G × A ÷ B. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the turning fulcrum N of the turning shaft 22 and the center of gravity M of the follow-up unit 13, the contact portion between the upper guide tip 7a and the journal portion 5 can be used without using a balance spring as in the prior art. The force applied to the can be reduced.

  A guide member 26 having a lock pin insertion hole 25 is attached to the base 15 described above, and the lock pin 26 slidably disposed in the pin insertion hole 25 is moved up and down. A cylinder 27 is attached. 2A and 2B, the lower end portion (tip portion) of the lock pin 26 is a small-diameter portion 26a, and the upper end portion above the small-diameter portion 26a is the large-diameter portion 26b. Has been made. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, a cylindrical member 29 having a pin hole 28 into which the lock pin 26 is inserted and removed is attached to the left / right movement guide 18b of the left / right following guide mechanism 19. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the lock pin 26 is pulled up by the cylinder 27 and a gap is generated between the small diameter portion 26a of the lock pin 26 and the pin hole 28 of the cylindrical member 29, The left and right movement guide 18b of the left and right tracking guide mechanism 19 and the longitudinal movement guide 16b of the front and rear tracking guide mechanism 17 are movable by the clearance, and the lock pin 26 is attached to the cylinder 27 as shown in FIG. When the large-diameter portion 26b of the lock pin 26 enters the pin hole 28 of the cylindrical member 29 without a gap, the movement of the left-right movement guide 18b of the left-right tracking guide mechanism 19 is prevented and the left-right tracking guide mechanism 19 is blocked. The left / right movement guide 18b and the front / rear movement guide 16b of the front / rear follow-up guide mechanism 17 are locked in place. Therefore, it is possible to fix the position in the locked state, and to suppress variation in position due to coil replacement, hose replacement, and the like.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIGS. 3A and 3B, a positioning stopper 30 having a V-shaped convex portion on the left and right moving guide 18b of the left and right following guide mechanism 19 is provided. And a positioning member 31 having a V-shaped recess corresponding to the positioning stopper 30 is attached to the disk transformer 2 side. Thus, under the state where the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 is rotated downward by its own weight around the turning shaft 22 and the upper guide tip 7a is in contact with the journal portion 5, the V-shaped concave portion of the positioning member 31 is provided. Abuts against the V-shaped convex portion of the positioning stopper 30 (see FIG. 3A), thereby positioning the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 when the journal portion 5 is not subjected to high frequency induction heating, and various hoses Variations in the position of the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and hence the high-frequency induction heating coil body 6 due to the torsional force are suppressed so that the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 is at a fixed position. Accordingly, since the positioning stopper 30 has a so-called V-shaped bevel, the V-shaped convex portion of the positioning stopper 30 enters the V-shaped concave portion of the positioning member 31 and the positioning member 31 rides on the positioning stopper 30. If it is, the position of the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 is always constant (does not shift laterally) even if the riding operation is repeated. When the V-shaped concave portion of the positioning member 31 moves away from the positioning stopper 30 as shown in FIG. 3B, the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 is in a free state.

  Although not shown, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 is integrally provided with a cooling jacket at a location below the high-frequency induction heating coil 6, and the journal portion heated to the required quenching temperature by high-frequency induction heating. The cooling liquid is jetted from the cooling jacket toward 5. Further, the cooling jacket may be disposed at a position below the high frequency induction heating coil body 4.

  Next, the operation procedure in the case of quenching the journal portion 5 of the crankshaft by the induction hardening apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration will be described as follows. First, the lock pin 26 is moved downward by the cylinder 27 so that the large-diameter portion 26b of the lock pin 26 is inserted into the cylindrical member 29 (see FIG. 2B), and the left and right following guide mechanism 19 and the front and rear While the tracking guide mechanism 17 is locked and the positioning member 31 is placed on the positioning stopper 30 (see FIG. 3A), the heating coil pair 4 and thus the high frequency induction heating coil 6 are returned to the same position each time. .

  On the other hand, the crankshaft as a workpiece is supported by a lifting device (not shown), and the journal portion 5 of the crankshaft is moved upward through the opening 34 (see FIG. 1B) of the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 to thereby obtain the journal portion 5. Is brought into contact with the upper guide tip 7a. Then, when the crankshaft is further lifted upward and the positioning member 31 is moved away from the positioning stopper 30 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 3B (via the upper guide tip 7a). When the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and then the follow-up unit 13 are lifted), the crankshaft is stopped. Along with this, the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 is put on the journal portion 5 with a certain force via the upper guide tip 7a. In this case, the riding force F is F = G × A ÷ B as described above, and therefore passes through the center of gravity M of the follow-up unit 24 from the vertical line passing through the turning fulcrum N of the vertical turning guide mechanism 23. The distance A to the vertical line, and the distance B from the vertical line passing through the turning fulcrum N of the turning shaft 22 of the up-and-down turning guide mechanism 23 to the vertical line passing through the point where the upper guide tip 7a and the journal portion 5 contact each other It will be determined by the ratio. Therefore, by adjusting this ratio, the riding force F can be adjusted.

  Next, under such a state, the lock pin 26 is pulled up by the cylinder 27 and removed from the cylindrical member 29 as shown in FIG. 2A, and the left and right following guide mechanism 19 and the front and rear following guide mechanism 17 are brought into the unlocked state. The tracking unit 13 including the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and the disk transformer 2 is moved freely in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

  After that, the crankshaft is rotated around the axis, and the high frequency induction heating of the journal part 5 is performed. At this time, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and thus the high-frequency induction heating coil 6 can freely move in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction (swing direction). Thus, the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 and thus the high-frequency induction heating coil 6 are moved to follow.

  Next, quenching is performed by injecting coolant from a cooling jacket (not shown) integrally provided in the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 to the journal portion 5 of the crankshaft that has been induction heated to the required quenching temperature. I do. Alternatively, by moving the crankshaft downward, the high frequency induction heated journal portion 5 is placed at a position corresponding to the coolant sprayed from the cooling jacket (not shown), and quenching is performed by spraying the coolant onto the journal portion 5. Do.

  At this time, the crankshaft is lowered so that the contact between the upper guide tip 7a and the journal portion 5 is eliminated, so that the high frequency induction heating coil body 4 is lowered (rotated) and positioned accordingly. The member 31 gets on the positioning stopper 30 and returns to the position before the high-frequency induction heating coil body 4 is lifted as described above. Thereafter, the lock pin 26 is lowered by the cylinder 27 to be in a locked state, whereby the follow-up unit 13 is positioned in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction to return to the position before processing.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case of quenching the journal portion 5 of the crankshaft has been described. However, when the induction hardening device is made to follow the pin portion of the crankshaft by a robot or the like, for example, The induction hardening apparatus of the invention can be applied to induction hardening of the pin portion of the crankshaft.

1 shows an induction hardening apparatus for a crankshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of the induction hardening apparatus, and FIG. 1 (b) is a side view of the induction hardening apparatus. is there. FIGS. 2A and 2B show a mechanism for switching the front / rear following guide mechanism and the left / right following guide mechanism to an unlocked state or a locked state, in which FIG. 2A is a sectional view showing the unlocked state, and FIG. It is sectional drawing. FIG. 3A shows a stopper mechanism for a high-frequency induction heating coil body. FIG. 3A is a front view showing a state in which the positioning member is engaged with the positioning stopper, and FIG. It is a front view which shows a state. It is a side view which shows the conventional induction hardening apparatus of a crankshaft.

Explanation of symbols

1 Induction hardening equipment 2 Disc transformer (current transformer)
4 High Frequency Induction Heating Coil Body 5 Journal Part 6 High Frequency Induction Heating Coil 7a, 7b, 7c Guide Tip 9 Connection Hose 10 Collecting Pipe 11, 12 Cooling Hose 13 Tracking Unit 17 Front / Rear Tracking Guide Mechanism 19 Left / Right Tracking Guide Mechanism 22 Swing Shaft 23 Up / Down Swivel guide mechanism
24 Tracking mechanism 26 Lock pin 29 Cylindrical member 30 Positioning stopper 31 Positioning member

Claims (1)

By causing the high frequency induction heating coil attached to the side of the disk transformer to follow the journal portion or pin portion of the crankshaft rotated about the axis, and cooling the journal portion or pin portion by high frequency induction heating. It is an induction hardening device for a crankshaft designed to perform hardening,
A mechanism for causing the disk transformer and the high-frequency induction heating coil to follow the journal part or the pin part is composed of a left and right follow guide mechanism, a front and rear follow guide mechanism, and a vertical swing guide mechanism.
The center of gravity of the follow-up unit including the disk transformer and the high-frequency induction heating coil is arranged at a position closer to the high-frequency induction heating coil than the turning fulcrum of the vertical turning guide mechanism;
A crankshaft induction hardening device characterized by

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