JP5305526B2 - Domestic wastewater treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a domestic wastewater treatment system contributing to the conservation of resources and the suppression of a discharge amount of carbon dioxide in a form easy to use by a user. <P>SOLUTION: The domestic wastewater treatment system is provided with a disposer 15 for crushing leftover food to allow the crushed one to flow to a wastewater route, a wastewater stock yard 1 for once storing the wastewater from the wastewater route, an evaporation tank 2 for taking the wastewater out of the wastewater stock yard to separate the same into steam and solid matter under a reduced pressure environment, condensed water storage tanks 4A and 4B for liquefying the steam from the evaporation tank to store condensed water, and a tap water route for taking water out of the condensed water storage tanks to supply the same as tap water. When the wastewater of the wastewater stock yard reaches a predetermined amount or becomes a preset time zone, the wastewater is moved to the evaporation tank and forcible evaporation by a heater is performed in the preset time zone in the evaporation tank in addition to natural evaporation under a reduced pressure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a domestic wastewater treatment system for purifying and reusing miscellaneous wastewater generated from a kitchen, bath, and wash surface and wastewater generated from a toilet in a house.

  It is said that the amount of domestic wastewater generated from houses is about 200 liters per person per day, and a large amount of domestic wastewater is generated by household.

  These domestic wastewaters flowed directly into the sewers in urban areas, and the sewage treatment facilities purified them and released them into rivers, lakes, and the sea. Also, in areas where sewerage is not complete, after treatment in septic tanks, they were discharged into rivers and permeated into the ground.

  On the other hand, the leftovers generated in the kitchen are usually disposed of in the collection place as raw garbage, which is collected by a public collection company and incinerated at the incineration site, or crushed with a disposer installed in the sink and put into the sewer together with the waste water. It was flowing.

  In addition, attempts have been made to compost garbage from the viewpoint of ecology (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-104785 A

  As mentioned above, it is said that the amount of domestic wastewater generated from houses is about 200 liters per person per day. In other words, 200 liters of water is consumed per person per day. This was a problem that had to be considered from the perspective of protecting limited water resources.

  On the other hand, the garbage discarded at the collection site must be transported to the incineration site, and the fossil fuel is consumed by the traveling of the vehicle for that purpose. A solution was desired from the viewpoint of preventing global warming due to carbon emissions.

  In this case, if the garbage is crushed with a disposer without being disposed of and then sent to the sewer along with miscellaneous wastewater, there is a problem that the wastewater treatment facility must be treated.

  On the other hand, composting garbage is preferable from the viewpoint of ecology, and it is friendly to the global environment, but there is a problem that it is difficult to carry out daily practice in ordinary households because it increases the burden of labor.

  This invention was created for the purpose of providing a domestic wastewater treatment system that has solved the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. In a system for purifying and reprocessing domestic wastewater generated from a house, the remaining rice is crushed. Disposer that flows into the wastewater route, wastewater stockyard that temporarily stores wastewater from the wastewater route, an evaporation tank that takes out the wastewater from the wastewater stockyard and separates it into water vapor and solid matter in a reduced pressure environment, and liquefies the water vapor from the evaporation tank A condensate storage tank that stores water and a water supply channel that takes out water from the condensate storage tank and supplies it as clean water is provided, and the waste water evaporates when the waste water in the waste water stock yard reaches a predetermined amount or reaches a preset time zone. In the evaporation tank, in addition to natural evaporation due to reduced pressure, forced evaporation by a heating device is performed in a preset time zone.

  Further, here, as the second invention, in the above-mentioned domestic wastewater treatment system, the movement of the wastewater to the evaporating tank is started during the nighttime bedtime, and further, the heating device is used in the low-cost time zone of midnight determined in advance by the power contract. A domestic wastewater treatment system that performs forced evaporation is also disclosed.

  Further, here, as the third invention, in the above-mentioned domestic wastewater treatment system, the sewage from the toilet is stored in a separate evaporative incineration tank from the wastewater stockyard, and in the evaporative incineration tank described above, water vapor and solids are contained in a reduced pressure environment. Also disclosed is a domestic wastewater treatment system in which steam is liquefied and stored in a waste water tank and then waste water, and solids are incinerated in an evaporative incinerator.

  Further, here, as the fourth invention, in the domestic wastewater treatment system according to the third invention, two evaporative incineration tanks are provided in parallel, and separation into water vapor and solids, incineration of solids and storage of sewage are timed. Also disclosed is a domestic wastewater treatment system that is assigned to each turn.

The first invention and the second invention of the domestic wastewater treatment system of the present invention produce the following actions and effects.
(1) Domestic wastewater is separated into water vapor and solid matter by natural evaporation in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of water drops and forced evaporation by a heating device, and the water vapor is liquefied and reused as clean water. The supply of water is minimal, contributing to resource conservation.
(2) The leftovers are crushed by the disposer and flowed along with the domestic wastewater into the wastewater route.However, since the water is removed by natural evaporation in a reduced pressure environment and forced evaporation by the heating device, it becomes a residue of a minimum volume, so Compared to transport energy up to the incineration site and incineration energy at the incineration site, the consumption of fossil fuel is reduced, contributing to resource saving and carbon dioxide emission control.
(3) The domestic wastewater is not drained and immediately separated into water vapor and solid matter in the evaporation tank, but once it is stored in the wastewater stockyard, the wastewater reaches a predetermined amount or reaches a preset time zone. After that, since it is moved to the evaporation tank, it is possible to carry out the work for separating the water vapor and the solid material according to a preset schedule. Therefore, by setting the time when the residue to be collected is generated every day to a certain time, or by setting forced evaporation by a heating device that requires power as in the second invention to a low-cost time zone in the middle of the night determined in advance by a power contract Therefore, it is possible to routineize the work to be performed by the resident for the operation of this domestic wastewater treatment system, or to minimize the power cost to be borne, and this system can be introduced without difficulty.
(4) In the above case, even if electric power is used for forced evaporation by the heating device, since the system is a system where natural evaporation is performed in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of moisture falls, the operation of the heating device Time can be reduced and power costs can be reduced.

Next, the 3rd invention and 4th invention of the domestic wastewater treatment system of this invention produce the following operation and effect.
(1) Sewage is separated into water vapor and solid matter by natural evaporation in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of water drops and forced evaporation by a heating device, and the water vapor is liquefied and discharged as purified water, so it is discharged into rivers, etc. Even if it does not damage the environment, it does not impose a burden on the treatment facility even if it is discharged into the sewer.
(2) According to the fourth invention, two evaporative incineration tanks are provided in parallel, and separation into water vapor and solids and incineration of solids and storage of sewage are performed alternately by time. It is possible to carry out the separation work of the solid matter with a preset schedule. Therefore, this domestic wastewater treatment system can be set by setting the time when the residue to be collected is generated every day at a certain time, or by setting forced evaporation by a heating device that requires power in a low-cost time zone determined in advance in the power contract. It is possible to routineize the work to be done by the resident for the operation of the system and to minimize the power cost to be borne, and this system can be introduced without difficulty. (3) In the above case, even if electric power is used for forced evaporation by the heating device, a system that spontaneously evaporates in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of moisture falls is also used. It can be shortened and power cost can be reduced.

The block diagram of 1st invention of the domestic wastewater treatment system of this invention. The block diagram of 4th invention same as the above.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first aspect of the domestic wastewater treatment system of the present invention. In the present invention, domestic wastewater generated from the bath 11, wash surface 12, laundry 13 and sink (kitchen) 14 in the house is first stored in the wastewater stockyard 1 through the wastewater path. In this case, the remaining rice from the kitchen is crushed by the disposer 15 provided at the drain of the sink 14 and stored in the waste water stock yard 1 together with the waste water. That is, water containing solid content is discharged into the wastewater path.

  Reference numeral 2 in the figure denotes an evaporation tank that takes out waste water from the waste water stock yard 1 and separates it into water vapor and solid matter in a reduced pressure environment. In the evaporating tank 2, the waste water containing solids is separated into water vapor and solid matter by natural evaporation in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of water drops and forced evaporation by the heating device 2C. An electric heater is assumed as the heating device 2C. From the solid content, the residue is taken out from the residue takeout port 2A, and the oil and fat is taken out from the oil takeout port 2B and discarded. In the evaporating tank 2, reference numeral S4 in the figure denotes an evaporating tank negative pressure protection sensor, S5 denotes an evaporating tank internal pressure sensor, S6 denotes an evaporating tank waste water temperature sensor, and S7 denotes an evaporating tank water level sensor. Since the evaporation conditions vary depending on the temperature of the waste water taken into the evaporation tank 2, these sensors are required to control the degree of negative pressure.

  The water vapor is liquefied by the condenser 3 and stored in the A condensate water storage tank 4A and the B condensate water storage tank 4B through the condensate path. The stored water flows from the condensate path to the water supply path and is used as water in the bathroom 11, wash surface 12, laundry 13, sink (kitchen) 14 and toilet 16. The condensed water stored in the A condensate water storage tank 4A and the B condensate water storage tank 4B is sterilized by the chlorine sterilization device 7 and the odor removing device 5 removes the odor. The sterilization is performed by adjusting the concentration according to the water level in the water tank detected by the water level sensors S9 and S10 at a preset time.

The above system is not operated at random, but is operated according to the time schedule of the following 24-hour cycle.
-Daytime mode-
(1) If water is not stored in either the A condensate reservoir 4A or the B condensate reservoir 4B, it is detected by the water level sensors S9 and S10, the valves V2 and V3 are closed, and the water source side valve By opening V1, the water supply path is blocked from the condensate path, and water is supplied from an external water source such as a water supply. On the other hand, when water is stored in either the A condensate reservoir 4A or the B condensate reservoir 4B, the water supply path is shut off from the water source side by closing the valve V1 on the water source side and opening the valves V2 and V3. Then, water is supplied from the water storage tank by the water absorption pump 9. In this state, water is used in the bath 11, the washbasin 12, the laundry 13, the sink (kitchen) 14, etc., and the wastewater is stored in the wastewater stockyard 1.

(2) When the waste water in the waste water stock yard 1 reaches a predetermined amount, it is detected by the stock counter sensor S1, and the negative pressure in the evaporation tank 2 is increased by suction from the vacuum pump 6, and the waste water stock yard is accordingly adjusted. And the interlock valve V4 between the evaporation tank and the waste water in the waste water stockyard is taken into the evaporation tank, and when the intake is completed, the suction end sensor S2 detects it and the interlock valve V4 is closed.

(3) In the evaporating tank 2, the natural evaporation of the wastewater in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of the water drops is started, the water vapor is liquefied by the condenser 3, and the A condensate water storage tanks 4A, B are passed through the condensate path. Water is stored in one of the condensate water storage tanks 4B.

(4) In the present invention, the capacity of the evaporating tank 2 (assuming 1756 liters in this embodiment) is set larger than the capacity of the wastewater yard 1 that can store water (assuming 200 liters in this embodiment). The transfer work from the waste water stockyard to the evaporation tank will be repeated several times a day.

−Night mode−
(5) At the preset time of the night (10:00 pm in this example), the waste water inside the waste water yard is forcibly moved to the evaporation tank 2 regardless of the state of the waste water yard 1 Will be empty once. In this case, when the wastewater from the wastewater path is stored in the wastewater stockyard and becomes full, it is detected by the stock counter sensor S1, and the condensate path valve V3 and the water source side valve V1 in the water supply path are detected. Close and shut off the supply of clean water to the bath 11, the washbasin 12, the laundry 13 and the sink (kitchen) 14. In other words, the amount of water that can be used in the night mode is equivalent to the water storage capacity of the waste water stockyard (200 liters in this embodiment). In this case, with respect to the toilet 16, the valve V3 is arranged on the water source side so that the water from the condensate path can be used.

(6) In the evaporating tank 2, in the low-night time zone (in this example, 11:00 pm) determined in advance by an electric power contract, forced evaporation by the heating device 2C is performed to promote evaporation, and this is set. Until the time (in this embodiment, 5 am is set).

-Early morning mode-
(7) In order to recover by removing the residue from the residue outlet 2A of the evaporating tank 2 and the oil and fat from the oil outlet 2B at a preset time in the morning (in this embodiment, 5:00 to 6:00). Stock in the designated container. In this embodiment, since the user does not carry out the above work, the operation of the domestic wastewater treatment system is stopped by opening the residue outlet 2A and the oil outlet 2B, and the outlet is closed and the reset button is pressed. Operation is started by pressing.

  In the domestic wastewater treatment system of this invention, the wastewater does not circulate in the path and be discharged outside. On the other hand, when the waste water stock yard 1 is full, the water supply path is temporarily interrupted so as not to overflow with new waste water, and the waste water in the waste water stock yard is moved to the evaporation tank 2. Therefore, as described above, in the system of the present invention that is operated in a cycle of 24 hours, the water that can be used in one day is “(capacity of storage of wastewater stockyard) × (per 24 hours from wastewater stockyard to evaporation tank” The maximum number of movements of water) + (capacity to store water in the wastewater stockyard). In this embodiment, the number of times of movement is assumed to be 6 and the water storage capacity of the wastewater stockyard is assumed to be 200 liters. Therefore, the water that can be used in one day is 1200 liters + 200 liters. In this invention, by restricting in this way, the user is encouraged to save water resources.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the fourth aspect of the domestic wastewater treatment system of the present invention. In this invention, the sewage from the toilet is stored in the A evaporative incineration tank 21A and the B evaporative incineration tank 21B, which are separate from the waste water stockyard, through the toilet introduction pipe 20, and these evaporative incineration tanks. In the reduced pressure environment, the water vapor is separated into the solid and the water vapor is liquefied by the condenser 24 and stored in the waste water storage tank 25 and then discharged into the waste water path 30 by the drain pump 31 and the solid content is evaporated and incinerated. Incinerated at.

  In the A evaporation incineration tank 21A and the B evaporation incineration tank 21B, reference numerals G and G1 in the figure denote evaporation tank internal pressure sensors for controlling negative pressure, and H and H1 denote evaporation tank water level sensors. Reference numerals 22A and 22B in the figure denote residue incineration pans that incinerate the residues. In this embodiment, microwave heating is employed as the incineration means.

  The residual ash incinerated in the evaporative incineration tank is agitated by blowing high pressure air from the residual ash air tube 22 onto the residual incineration pan, and is collected by the residual ash dust collector 26 through the draft tube 29. In addition, air is introduced into the residue incineration pan by the carbonizer for preventing carbonization at the time of residue incineration F and F1 in order to prevent the remaining ash from carbonizing due to lack of oxygen and becoming a powder.

  The A evaporation incineration tank 21A and the B evaporation incineration tank 21B are provided in parallel, and the separation into water vapor and solids and the incineration of solids and the storage of sewage are performed in accordance with the following 24-hour cycle time schedule. Sort them alternately.

(1) The sewage is stocked in the A evaporative incineration tank 21A through the toilet introduction pipe 20 from a preset time at night (10:00 pm in this embodiment), and is finished after 24 hours. The state of each valve in this case is as follows. Hereinafter, the open state of the valve is indicated by ◯, and the closed state is indicated by ×.
(From toilet introduction pipe 20) Valve A- ○ Valve A1-X
(To condenser 24) Valve B-x Valve B1- ○
(Remaining ash air tube 22) Valve C-x Valve C1-x
(Draft tube 29) Valve D-x Valve D1-x
(Smoke exhaust, exhaust treatment pipe 23) Valve E- ○ Valve E1-x

(2) After 24 hours, the A evaporative incineration tank 21A is switched from the sewage storage mode to the treatment mode. On the other hand, the B evaporative incineration tub 21B is switched from the sewage treatment mode to the storage mode. The state of each valve in this case is as follows.
(From toilet introduction pipe 20) Valve A-X Valve A1- ○
(To condenser 24) Valve B- ○ Valve B1-x
(Remaining ash air tube 22) Valve C-x Valve C1-x
(Draft tube 29) Valve D-x Valve D1-x
(Smoke exhaust, exhaust treatment pipe 23) Valve E-x Valve E1- ○

(3) In the A evaporative incineration tank 21A that has entered the sewage treatment mode, the vacuum pump 28 is started in order to increase the negative pressure, and the natural evaporation of sewage starts in a reduced pressure environment where the boiling point of the water drops. The water vapor is liquefied by the condenser 24 and stored in the waste water tank 25. On the other hand, the power source of the residue incineration pan 22A is also turned on.

(4) The negative pressure is adjusted so that the evaporation step is completed in 18 hours, and the temperature in the tank is also controlled by heating the residue incineration pan 22A.

(5) After 18 hours, the process enters a flue gas and exhaust process in which the moisture in the residue and the residue incineration exhaust (heat) are released into the atmosphere, which lasts for 2 hours. During this period, air is introduced into the residue incineration pan for 15 minutes by the air feeder F for preventing carbonization during residue incineration. The state of each valve in this case is as follows.
(From toilet introduction pipe 20) Valve A-X Valve A1- ○
(To condenser 24) Valve B-x Valve B1-x
(Remaining ash air tube 22) Valve C-x Valve C1-x
(Draft tube 29) Valve D-x Valve D1-x
(Smoke exhaust, exhaust processing pipe 23) Valve E- ○ Valve E1- ○

(6) After 2 hours, the residue incineration pan 22A is turned off. The remaining ash is stirred and collected, which lasts for 30 minutes. On the other hand, the tank A and the tank B control valve L are opened, and the drain pump 31 is operated to discharge and empty the water stored in the waste water tank 25. The state of each valve in this case is as follows.
(From toilet introduction pipe 20) Valve A-X Valve A1- ○
(To condenser 24) Valve B-x Valve B1-x
(Remaining ash air tube 22) Valve C- ○ Valve C1-x
(Draft tube 29) Valve D- ○ Valve D1-x
(Smoke exhaust, exhaust treatment pipe 23) Valve E-x Valve E1- ○

(7) After 30 minutes, enter the acceptance preparation process, which lasts 3 hours 30 minutes. The state of each valve in this case is as follows.
(From toilet introduction pipe 20) Valve A-X Valve A1- ○
(To condenser 24) Valve B-x Valve B1-x
(Remaining ash air tube 22) Valve C-x Valve C1-x
(Draft tube 29) Valve D-x Valve D1-x
(Smoke exhaust, exhaust processing pipe 23) Valve E- ○ Valve E1- ○
(8) After 3 hours and 30 minutes, the B evaporation incineration tank 21B is switched from the sewage storage mode to the treatment mode, and performs the same function as the A evaporation incineration tank 21 of (2) to (7). The A evaporative incineration tank 21 is switched to the sewage storage mode and performs the function (1).

1 Wastewater stockyard 2 Evaporation tank 4A, 4B Condensate water storage tank

Claims (4)

In a system that purifies and reprocesses domestic wastewater generated from houses, a disposer that crushes leftover food and flows it into the wastewater route, a wastewater stockyard that temporarily stores wastewater from the wastewater route, and takes out wastewater from the wastewater stockyard under reduced pressure. Establishing an evaporating tank that separates water vapor and solids, a condensate water tank that liquefies and stores water vapor from the evaporating tank, and a water supply path that takes out water from the condensate water tank and supplies it as clean water. When the amount of wastewater reaches a predetermined amount or when a preset time zone is reached, the wastewater is moved to the evaporation tank, and in the evaporation tank, in addition to natural evaporation due to reduced pressure, forced evaporation is performed by a heating device during a preset time zone. A domestic wastewater treatment system. The domestic wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater is started to move to the evaporation tank at nighttime sleeping hours, and is further subjected to forced evaporation by a heating device in a low-cost time zone determined in advance by a power contract. Wastewater from the toilet is stored in a separate evaporative incineration tank from the wastewater stockyard, separated into water vapor and solids in a reduced pressure environment in the above evaporative incineration tank, and the vapor is liquefied and stored in the waste water tank. The domestic wastewater treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid content is incinerated in an evaporative incinerator while being wastewater. The domestic wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, wherein two evaporative incineration tanks are provided in parallel, and the separation into water vapor and solids, and the solids incineration work and the sewage storage work are performed alternately in accordance with time.

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