JP3362743B2 - Night soil treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a human waste treatment device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, temporary toilets are installed in civil engineering construction sites and construction construction sites. Conventionally, in this type of toilet, human waste is treated as follows. That is, a temporary toilet is provided with a tank or a pack for storing human excrement, and the human excrement in the tank or a pack containing human excrement is periodically collected. However, it is difficult to collect human waste due to bad odor, filthiness, danger of infectious pathogens, etc., and most of the collected human waste is currently dumped into the ocean without being sufficiently treated, which is a problem. .

On the other hand, the night soil is directly heated by a sheath heater in a drying room to evaporate, the malodorous component is adsorbed and removed through a catalyst, and then exhausted to the outside, and the remaining solid content is further dried to form ash. Although there was a toilet, a sufficient deodorizing effect cannot be obtained due to clogging of the deodorizing catalyst device, lack of deodorizing ability of the catalyst against a large amount of water generated in the treatment process, and rapid shortening of the catalyst life due to ammonia.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a human waste treatment device having a deodorizing effect which is superior to that of the prior art.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means. The night soil treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises means for heating night soil to evaporate a liquid component, means for further heating the remaining components after heating to dry or incinerate, and liquefy the vapor generated from night soil to form an electrolyte in the liquid. And a means for oxidizing and decomposing the active oxygen generated by flowing a direct current and reacting with the oxidizable substance in the liquid which is the odor source of human urine.

Further, salt can be used as the electrolyte. Then, the liquid after the oxidative decomposition of the oxidizable substance can be used as toilet wash water. Further, two devices may be provided which can both heat human waste to evaporate the liquid component and dry or incinerate the remaining component.

[0007]

As a result of adopting the above means, the present invention has the following effects. This human waste treatment device evaporates and separates liquid components by heating human urine, adds an electrolyte to the liquid components, and then applies a direct current, and the generated active oxygen is contained in the components and is an odorous substance (a malodorous component of human urine). ammonia,
Hydrogen sulfide, indole, skatole, volatile amines, volatile fatty acids, etc.) and microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses are oxidatively decomposed to deodorize and treat. In other words, the malodorous component itself is decomposed instead of being simply adsorbed and removed by the catalyst as in the conventional case.

Then, for example, salt is used as an electrolyte to be added to the liquid, and the human waste is treated. Further, the liquid after the oxidative decomposition of the oxidizable substance is a chemical oxygen demand (COD value).
When the salt content is low and salt is dissolved, a higher effective chlorine concentration can be obtained, and it can be used as toilet wash water with sufficient sterilizing power. Furthermore, if two devices are used that can both heat the human waste to evaporate the liquid component and dry or incinerate the remaining component, when one is performing the former process, the other is the latter. By alternately operating the above processes, both processes can be performed continuously.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, in this example, a combined large and small size toilet having the following mechanism was formed to treat human waste. A human waste tank 3 that first stores human waste excreted in the toilet 1, a heating evaporator 4 that heats and evaporates the liquid components of human waste sent from the human waste tank 3.
A cooling device 5 for liquefying the vapor generated from the heating / evaporating device 4, an adjusting tank 7 into which the liquid obtained in the cooling device 5 is fed in constant amounts, and an electrolyte solution supply device for supplying saline to the adjusting tank 7. 8 and an electrolytic passage 9 for passing an electric current through the liquid
An electrode reactor 9 having 0 and an incinerator 11 for heating the components remaining in the heating evaporator 4 to ash them. The liquid treated in the electrode reaction device 9 is returned to the adjusting tank 7 and discharged into sewage, a river or the like, evaporated, or sprayed into the atmosphere. Alternatively, the liquid can be stored in the flush water tank 2 and used as flush water for the toilet bowl 1.

Specifically, human waste was treated by the following procedure. 1) Heating and Evaporating Step of Human Waste The human waste excreted in the toilet 1 is first accumulated in the human waste tank 3.
Using the pump P, the human waste collected in the human waste tank 3 is fed into the heating / evaporating device 4 in a fixed amount. Heating evaporator 4
The human waste sent to is heated and many of the liquid components evaporate. The heating and evaporating step is independent of the heating and ashing step described later, and since there are two heating and evaporating devices 4, it is possible to handle intensive use of the toilet. In this embodiment, the number of heating evaporation devices 4 is two, but it may be one or plural.

The heating / evaporating device 4 may be a batch type or a continuous type evaporation can or a multi-effect can. Further, an electric heating type may be used, but a continuous wave magnetron for microwave oven may be used. According to the microwave dielectric heating method using the 2450 MHz continuous wave transmission magnetron,
It takes about 1.5 kW / h to obtain water vaporization of 2 l / h, whereas the electric heating method requires 4 kW / h, which is far more efficient than the electric heating method. 2) Electrolysis step The vapor generated in the heating evaporation device 4 is sent to the cooling device 5 where it is cooled and becomes a liquid. As a cooling means,
The air discharged from the air outlet 14 is used by using the air compressor 15.

The liquid is then sent to the adjusting tank 7, and in order to more efficiently reduce the concentration of the oxidizable substance in the liquid in the next electrolysis step, an electrolyte solution supply device 8 supplies an electrolyte solution, for example, saline solution. Then, it is mixed with the liquid to further increase the conductivity of the liquid. In addition, the urine after passing through the electrolytic passage 90 described below is returned to the adjusting tank 7 through the feed back route R again to dilute the concentration of the oxidizable substance in the liquid to be treated in the next electrolytic process.

Next, in the electrode reaction device 9, an electrolytic passage 90 formed between the anode electrode 91 and the cathode electrode 92.
While passing the liquid through the pump P at a constant flow rate,
Apply a direct current. The active oxygen generated thereby reacts with the substance to be oxidized in the liquid and decomposes it. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrolytic passage 90 is formed on both sides of the anode electrode 91 by the cathode electrode 9.
2 are arranged and formed between them. A packing 93 is interposed between both electrodes to prevent a short circuit, and the packing has a frame shape in which the inside is hollowed out, leaving an externally assembled portion. The hollowed-out internal portion forms the electrolytic passage 90. Packing 9 is provided outside the both cathode electrodes 92.
A stainless steel plate 95 is exteriorly mounted via the 3 and the vinyl chloride plate 94.

The liquid flows in from a hole H penetrating below one of the stainless steel plates 95, passes through a hole H penetrating each of the vinyl chloride plate 94 and the cathode electrode 92, and passes through the anode electrode 91.
To the opposite surface of the anode electrode 91 through a hole penetrating above the anode electrode 91, passing through an electrolytic passage 90 (a portion inside the packing 93) between the cathode electrode 92 and the anode electrode 91. . Passing through the electrolytic passage 90 (inside the packing 93) between the cathode electrode 92 and the anode electrode 91 on the opposite surface side,
The cathode electrode 92, the vinyl chloride plate 94, and the stainless steel plate 95, which are the same as those described above, are discharged through the holes (not shown) penetrating the lower part thereof. In this way, a liquid passage is formed between the anode electrode 91 and the cathode electrode 92.

Here, the substance to be oxidized in the liquid is decomposed into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water in a short time due to the strong oxidizing action at the anode electrode 91, and the mechanism of such an oxidation reaction has recently been studied. It is considered to be due to the action of active oxygen species such as active oxygen, superoxide ion, peroxide ion and hydroperoxide ion in the electrolyte.

That is, when an electric current is applied to the electrolyte solution, a kind of low temperature oxygen plasma-like state is generated in the liquid phase, which contains active oxygen species and free electrons as described above. It is presumed that various oxidative reactions are caused to organic substances and oxidatively decomposes to carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, etc. via low molecular weight compounds, and ultimately only inorganic substances remain in the solution. That is, it is considered that the oxidation reaction in this step is due to the strong oxidative decomposition action of the oxygen active species in the electrode oxidation reaction.

The liquid treated as described above is then separated into two systems, one of which is returned to the adjusting tank 7 in front of the electrolytic passage 90 through the feed back path R. The other is a river,
It is discharged into sewage or sprayed into the atmosphere. This step not only deodorizes but also has a bactericidal effect, so it is safe even if the liquid is released into rivers or the atmosphere. The air compressor 15 is used for spraying into the atmosphere.
Is performed from the air outlet 14 by using the cooling device 5
Also functions as a cooling means.

In addition to the above, the liquid after the above treatment can be stored in the wash water tank 2 and used as wash water for the toilet. The liquid after the treatment has a COD value of about 10 to 20 ppm, and since it dissolves salt, the effective chlorine concentration of NaClO and HClO generated by electrolysis is about 50 to 200 ppm, and sufficient sterilizing power is obtained. have. 3) Heating ashing step On the other hand, the components remaining in the heating evaporator 4 are sent to the incinerator 11 and heated at a temperature of about 500 to 600 ° C.
Is incinerated. In addition, although the above-mentioned components are ashed in this example, it is not always necessary to reach ashing, and it may be dried. The incinerator 11 may be a small furnace barrel or a rotary drum type having an electric heater or a heat source using city gas, natural gas, petroleum, or the like as a fuel. Combustion air is sent from the air compressor 15 at the time of heating, and the high temperature gas generated at the time of heating is sent to the heating / evaporating device 4 through the gas pipe. Therefore, the incinerator 11 is used for the combustion air and the high temperature gas. There is no need to communicate with outside air except for the passage, and there is no bad smell outside. This process finally leads to incinerator 11
Only a small amount of inorganic ash remains inside, which is extremely safe and hygienic. The ash is discharged to the ash receiving tank 12 and may be taken out and disposed of once a day to several days.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heating / evaporating device 4 is used.
Although the incinerator 11 and the incinerator 11 are separately provided to perform the heating evaporation process and the heating ashing process in each device, the heating evaporation process is performed by using the device 4 ′ capable of performing both heating evaporation and heating ashing. Even if the heat ashing step and the heating ashing step are alternately performed, the same result as above can be obtained. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, two devices 4 ′ capable of performing both heating evaporation and heating ashing are provided, and when one is heating evaporation, the other is heated ashing alternately. When operated, both of the above steps can be performed continuously. Of course, the number of devices 4'provided is arbitrary. Furthermore, a large amount of human excrement can be efficiently treated by mainly performing the heating and evaporating step during a period when the toilet is frequently used and mainly performing the heating ashing step during a period when the toilet is not used.

Further, in this embodiment, the toilet bowl 1 is used for both large and small, but it may be divided into a large toilet bowl and a small toilet bowl. When the urine tank 4 is independent, the heating and evaporation device 4 and the incinerator 11 are not required for the treatment of urine, and the urine may be sent to the adjusting tank 7 as it is, and the same treatment may be performed thereafter. This human waste treatment device is not limited to temporary toilets, public toilets, general households, human waste treatment facilities, trains,
It can also be used in a toilet or the like in a transportation system such as an automobile, an aircraft or a ship.

[0021]

The present invention having the above-mentioned structure has the following effects. The liquid component separated by heating and evaporating the human waste is processed after the oxidizable substance contained in the liquid component, which is the odor source of human sewage, is oxidatively decomposed in the electrolysis process, and thus the human urine treatment excellent in deodorizing effect is performed. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a night soil treatment apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the structure of the electrolytic passage of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating another embodiment of the night soil treatment apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

4 heating evaporator 5 Cooling device 7 adjustment tank 9 electrode reactor 11 incinerator

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI // A47K 11/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A means for heating human excrement to evaporate a liquid component, a means for further heating a component remaining after heating to dry or incinerate, a liquid generated by liquefying vapor generated from human excrement and an electrolyte added to this liquid to form a direct current. An apparatus for treating human waste, comprising: means for reacting active oxygen generated by passing an electric current with an oxidizable substance in the liquid that is an odor source of human urine to oxidize and decompose this. 2. The night soil treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein salt is added as an electrolyte. 3. A liquid after oxidative decomposition of a substance to be oxidized is used as toilet wash water.
The human waste treatment device described. 4. A device comprising two devices capable of both heating human waste to evaporate a liquid component and dry or incinerate the remaining component.
The human waste treatment device according to any one of 3 to 3.