JP5318356B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5318356B2 JP5318356B2 JP2007044310A JP2007044310A JP5318356B2 JP 5318356 B2 JP5318356 B2 JP 5318356B2 JP 2007044310 A JP2007044310 A JP 2007044310A JP 2007044310 A JP2007044310 A JP 2007044310A JP 5318356 B2 JP5318356 B2 JP 5318356B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- electrolyte secondary
- secondary battery
- aqueous electrolyte
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 45
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 29
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PUJBSDNAEDTOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxepan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1CCCOC(=O)O1 PUJBSDNAEDTOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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Description
本上記目的を達成するため、本発明の非水電解質二次電池は、正極と負極と、セパレータと、非水電解液を有する非水電解質二次電池において、前記正極はリチウム基準で4.3Vより高い電位である正極活物質を含み、前記非水電解液中にはハロゲン化環状カーボネートが添加されており、かつ、少なくとも前記正極、負極又はセパレータの表面のいずれかに無機絶縁物粒子層が設けられていることを特徴とする。
LibMnsNitCouO2
(ただし、0<b≦1.2、0<s≦0.5、0<t≦0.5、0≦u、s+t+u=1、0.95≦s/t≦1.05である。)
が好ましい。
また、本発明の非水電解質二次電池においては、前記正極はリチウム基準で4.4V以上の電位である正極活物質を含むことが好ましい。
[正極の作製]
コバルト酸リチウムは次のようにして作製した。出発原料としては、リチウム源には炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3)を用い、コバルト源にはコバルト(Co)と、マグネシウム(Mg)と、アルミニウム(Al)と、ジルコニウム(Zr)と、を共沈させ、熱分解反応させて得られた、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、ジルコニウム含有四酸化三コバルトを用いた。これらを所定量秤量して混合した後、空気雰囲気下において850℃で24時間焼成し、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、ジルコニウム含有コバルト酸リチウムを得た。これを乳鉢で平均粒径14μmまで粉砕し、正極活物質Aとした。
負極活物質としての黒鉛粉末と、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)(スチレン:ブタジエン=1:1)のディスパージョンを水に分散させ、更に、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を添加して負極活物質合剤スラリーを調製した。なお、この負極活物質合剤スラリーの乾燥質量比は、黒鉛:SBR:CMC=95:3:2となるように調製した。この負極活物質合剤スラリーを厚みが8μmの銅箔製の負極集電体の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、乾燥した後、圧縮ローラで圧縮して負極を作製した。この負極は実施例1〜8及び比較例1〜11において共通に使用した。
無機絶縁物として平均粒径が0.4μmの微細なアルミナ、ルチル構造のチタニア或いはマグネシアの粒子と、ゴム性状高分子であるアクリロニトリル構造単位を含む共重合体と、分散剤及び溶剤としてのアセトンを混合してスラリーとした。このスラリーを正極、負極あるいはセパレータのそれぞれ両面に塗布し、乾燥・圧延して無機絶縁物粒子層がコーティングされた正極、負極あるいはセパレータを作製した。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)とエチレンカーボネート(EC)とジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を体積比(25℃)で表1に示した組成となるように混合した混合溶媒を調製し、これにLiPF6を1mol/Lとなるように溶解して非水電解液とした。
上記の正極及び負極を用い、両電極間にセパレータを介在させて巻回することにより渦巻電極体となし、この渦巻電極体を円筒形外装缶に挿入した後、上記電解液を注液し、外装缶の開口部を電流遮断封口体により封口することにより、直径18mm、高さ65mmの実施例1〜8及び比較例1〜11に係る非水電解液二次電池を作製した。なお、これらの非水電解質二次電池の設計容量は充電電圧を4.35Vとして2800mAhである。
実施例1、4〜6及び比較例8の非水電解質二次電池は、両面に無機絶縁物粒子層を塗工したセパレータを用いた。無機絶縁物粒子層の厚みは両面で4μmであった。なお、無機絶縁物粒子として実施例1、4及び比較例8ではアルミナ、実施例5ではルチル形のチタニア、実施例6ではマグネシアをそれぞれ用いた。
実施例2、7及び比較例9では、両面にアルミナを含む無機絶縁物層を塗工した正極を用いた。無機絶縁物粒子層の厚みは両面で4μmであった。
実施例3、8及び比較例10では、両面にアルミナを含む無機絶縁物層を塗工した負極を用いた。無機絶縁物粒子層の厚みは両面で4μmであった。
最初に、各電池について、25℃に維持された恒温槽内で、1It=2700mAhの定電流で充電し、電池電圧が4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)に達した後はそれぞれ4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)の定電圧で電流値が(1/50)It=54mAになるまで充電した。その後、10分間充電を休止した後、1Itの定電流で電池電圧が3.0Vに達するまで放電行い、それぞれの電池の初期容量を求めた。結果を纏めて表1に示した。
初期容量を測定した各電池について、25℃に維持された恒温槽内で、1It=2700mAhの定電流で充電し、電池電圧が4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)に達した後はそれぞれ4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)の定電圧で電流値が(1/50)It=54mAになるまで充電した。
上述のようにし初期容量を測定した各電池について、60℃に保持された恒温槽内で、1It=2700mAhの定電流で充電し、電池電圧が4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)に達した後はそれぞれ4.20V(比較例1)、4.30V(比較例2)又は4.35V(実施例1〜8、比較例3〜10)に保持して連続的に定電圧充電を行い、電流遮断封口体18(図1参照)が作動するまでの時間を測定した。
Claims (5)
-
正極と負極と、セパレータと、非水電解液を有する非水電解質二次電池において、前記正極はリチウム基準で4.3Vより高い電位である正極活物質を含み、前記非水電解液中にはハロゲン化環状カーボネートが非水電解液を構成する有機溶媒中に10〜30vol%の割合で添加されており、かつ、少なくとも前記正極、負極又はセパレータの表面のいずれかに無機絶縁物粒子層が設けられていることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
-
前記正極はリチウム基準で4.4V以上の電位である正極活物質を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
-
前記無機絶縁物粒子層がルチル型のチタニア、アルミナ及びマグネシアから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
-
前記セパレータの平均孔径は、前記無機絶縁物粒子層に用いられる無機絶縁物粒子の平均粒径よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
-
前記無機絶縁物粒子層の厚さは、前記正極又は負極又はセパレータの両面で1μm以上4μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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| US20080241697A1 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-02 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
| JP5283544B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-10 | 2013-09-04 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| US8426046B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Li-ion battery with over-charge/over-discharge failsafe |
| KR101084068B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-11-16 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
| JPWO2011065538A1 (ja) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-04-18 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2014139865A (ja) * | 2011-04-28 | 2014-07-31 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP6218051B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2017-10-25 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 蓄電素子 |
| JP5988134B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2016-09-07 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 蓄電素子 |
| JP5656745B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-31 | 2015-01-21 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 角形蓄電池 |
| US20140023898A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell |
| WO2014020729A1 (ja) | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| CN105122533A (zh) | 2013-07-08 | 2015-12-02 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
| JP5811156B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-11-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2015201432A (ja) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-11-12 | 戸田工業株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池用正極活物質粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP2016058163A (ja) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-04-21 | 旭化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| CN104993097B (zh) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-06-30 | 广东烛光新能源科技有限公司 | 一种负极片、含有该负极片的电化学储能器件及其制备方法 |
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| CN109075404A (zh) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-12-21 | 日立化成株式会社 | 锂离子二次电池的充电方法、锂离子二次电池系统、和电力储存装置 |
| KR101907363B1 (ko) | 2016-11-14 | 2018-10-11 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 | 알루미나 및 이것을 함유하는 슬러리, 그리고 이것을 사용한 알루미나 다공막, 적층 세퍼레이터, 비수 전해액 이차 전지 및 비수 전해액 이차 전지의 제조 방법 |
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| CN111201638A (zh) * | 2017-10-06 | 2020-05-26 | 株式会社杰士汤浅国际 | 极板、蓄电元件和极板的制造方法 |
| WO2019135640A1 (ko) | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 절연 코팅층이 구비된 전극탭을 포함하는 이차전지 |
| WO2020158153A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 角形非水電解質二次電池 |
| KR102338719B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-14 | 이석재 | 전해액 유출을 방지한 캡업 어셈블리 전기이중층 커패시터 |
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| JP3371301B2 (ja) | 1994-01-31 | 2003-01-27 | ソニー株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| EP0931365B1 (en) | 1996-10-03 | 2000-07-19 | National Research Council Of Canada | Electrolyte comprising fluoro-ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, for alkali metal-ion secondary battery |
| DE10238943B4 (de) * | 2002-08-24 | 2013-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Separator-Elektroden-Einheit für Lithium-Ionen-Batterien, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendung in Lithium-Batterien sowie eine Batterie, aufweisend die Separator-Elektroden-Einheit |
| JP4671589B2 (ja) | 2003-07-15 | 2011-04-20 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用電解質及びリチウム二次電池 |
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| JP4660164B2 (ja) | 2004-03-29 | 2011-03-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP4721729B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-12 | 2011-07-13 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP5055710B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-13 | 2012-10-24 | ソニー株式会社 | 二次電池用電解液、二次電池および電子機器 |
| JP2006310010A (ja) | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP4993159B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2012-08-08 | ソニー株式会社 | 二次電池 |
| US20090181305A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2009-07-16 | Masatoshi Nagayama | Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery |
| JP5002918B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-08-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 二次電池 |
| JP2007324073A (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池並びにそのセパレータ及びその製造方法 |
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