JP5345035B2 - Braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily move a moving body linked with a rotor without the influence of braking force in a normal using state, and secure safety in an emergency such as the case of earthquake or when pushed suddenly by preventing the high-speed moving of the moving body. <P>SOLUTION: A braking device includes: the rotor 1 linked with a wheel 100 of the moving body; a lock mechanisms 5, 7, 8 maintaining a lock release state for rotating the rotor with the wheel 100 in usual traveling, stopping the rotation of the rotor with respect to the moving body in sudden acceleration, and maintaining a locked state allowing the relative rotation between the stopped rotor and the rotating wheel; and a braking mechanism imparting braking force to the rotation of the wheel 100 when the rotor is locked and only the wheel 100 is rotated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a braking device that prevents a wheelchair, furniture with casters, and the like from suddenly moving at high speed due to external force.

When an external force more than expected is applied to furniture, sashes, chairs, etc. that are fitted with casters due to earthquakes or being pushed by people, it moves at high speed, and the moved furniture collides with people or walls. There is a risk that it will end. For example, it is desirable for hospital beds to be able to move with light force when moving with the patient lying down normally, but when an unexpected large external force is applied due to an earthquake, etc. In addition, suddenly moving at high speed will crash into a wall and the patient will be seriously injured. Similarly to the above, it is desirable that the medical device can be moved lightly during normal times, but if it suddenly moves due to an earthquake or the like and collides with a wall or the like, the device may be damaged and cannot be used.
In addition, it is common to attach casters so that heavy objects such as pianos and furniture in the home can be moved lightly. However, when an unexpected large external force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the above pianos suddenly move at high speed. If you move, people can get caught between the walls and get injured.

Furthermore, not only an earthquake, but also a person sitting on a chair, and when it is suddenly moved due to some accident, it becomes a very dangerous state.
In order to avoid such danger, casters that suppress high-speed rotation are known.
For example, a caster having a brake function described in Patent Document 1 always applies a gentle braking force to the rotation of the caster to suppress high-speed movement.
The caster described in Patent Document 2 includes a mechanism for preventing a sudden descent on a downhill or assisting the braking action when a brake is applied.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-081105 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-059113

The caster with a brake mechanism described in Patent Document 1 is always subjected to a braking force, and smooth rotation of the caster in a normal use state is also inhibited. Therefore, there has been a problem that a large force is required to push a baby carriage or wheelchair using such casters. In addition, even if casters are attached to facilitate the movement of heavy objects such as pianos and cabinets, the casters with brake mechanism described above have a problem that the casters are always heavy and cannot be moved easily as expected. .
Further, the caster described in Patent Document 2 can prevent rolling down a downhill, but cannot cope with rapid acceleration on a horizontal plane.
On the other hand, a structure that stops the caster suddenly when sudden acceleration is detected can be considered, but if the caster suddenly stops while moving, there is a risk that people on the baby carriage, wheelchair, bed, etc. may jump out. is there.

  The object of the present invention is that a moving body in which wheels are linked can move easily without applying a braking force in normal use, and in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake or a sudden push, It is intended to provide a braking device that can prevent a sudden high-speed movement or sudden stop by applying a braking force to the vehicle to ensure safety.

The first aspect of the invention maintains the rotating body linked to the wheel of the moving body and the unlocked state in which the rotating body is rotated together with the wheel during normal traveling, and stops the rotation of the rotating body with respect to the moving body during sudden acceleration. , A locking mechanism that maintains a locked state that enables relative rotation between the stopped rotating body and the rotating wheel, and when the rotating body locks and only the wheel rotates, a braking force is applied to the rotation of the wheel. It has a feature in that it has a braking mechanism.
In addition to the structure in which the rotating body and the wheel rotate integrally, the structure in which the rotating body rotates with the wheel includes a structure in which the rotating body is rotated by transmitting one rotational force to the other.

In a second invention, the braking mechanism of the first invention includes a transmission member that rotates together with the wheel in the wheel or the locked state, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotary body in the locked body or the locked state. These wheels and rotors, transmission members that rotate with the wheels and rotors, transmission members and rotors that rotate with the wheels, or a viscous fluid interposed between the two transmission members, and the viscous resistance of the viscous fluids against the wheels It is characterized in that the braking force is applied.

  In a third aspect, the braking mechanism according to the first aspect includes a transmission member that rotates together with the wheel in the wheel or the locked state, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotary body in the locked state. The wheel and the rotator, the transmission member that rotates together with the wheel and the rotator, the transmission member that rotates together with the wheel and the rotator, or both of the transmission members are brought into contact with each other. It is characterized by the point of the configuration to be given.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the locking mechanism is provided on the braking member, a braking member that rotates relative to the rotating body, a piece member that is coupled to the rotating body and the braking member and is slidably held on the rotating body, and the braking member. A braking portion that restricts the movement of the top member, and the braking portion is a wide portion that allows the top member to freely move in the rearward or forward direction of rotation when the rotating body moves to either one along the horizontal plane. And a narrow portion that presses the top member against the rotating body forward or backward in the rotational direction, the brake portion is wedge-shaped from the wide portion to the narrow portion, and the wide portion is the narrow portion. The top member is positioned below the portion, and the top member is fitted into the narrow portion of the braking portion to maintain the locked state during rapid acceleration.

According to the first to fourth inventions, the lock mechanism maintains the unlocked state during normal times when a large external force does not act, the rotating body rotates together with the wheel, the braking force does not act on the wheel, Smooth movement is possible.
On the other hand, at the time of sudden acceleration, the lock mechanism maintains a locked state in which the rotating body and the wheel are rotated relative to each other, and the braking mechanism applies a braking force to the rotation of the wheel.
In addition, since the braking force is applied while the wheel is rotating, the moving body does not stop suddenly, and it is possible to prevent a person or an object from jumping out from the suddenly stopped moving body.

In the second invention, the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid is used as the braking force, so that various braking forces can be set by selecting the fluid.
In the third invention, since the frictional force of the contact portion is used as the braking force, there is no need for a seal as in the case of using a fluid, and the structure can be simplified.

In the fourth aspect of the invention, during rapid acceleration, the braking unit presses the top member against the rotating body so that the rotating body is integrated with the braking member, and if the movement of the braking member is restricted, the rapid rotation of the rotating body is stopped. And a rapid high-speed movement of the moving body connected to the rotating body can be prevented.
In addition, since the lock mechanism has a structure that mechanically detects sudden acceleration, the reliability is higher than, for example, a mechanism that electrically detects sudden acceleration.

It is a perspective view of a 1st embodiment. It is a front view of the state which removed the cover of 1st Embodiment. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3. It is a perspective view of the rotary body of 1st Embodiment. It is a front view of the rotary body of 1st Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the locked state of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view of the state which removed the cover of 2nd Embodiment. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is a perspective view of 3rd Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the state which removed the cover of 3rd Embodiment. It is the XV-XV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is a perspective view of 4th Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the state which removed the cover of 4th Embodiment. It is the XIX-XIX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is sectional drawing of 5th Embodiment. It is a front view of 6th Embodiment. It is a front view of the rotary body except the connection member of 6th Embodiment.

1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The braking device according to the first embodiment is used as, for example, a caster attached to the bottom surface of furniture or the like, and is a device that can prevent sudden movement at high speed due to an earthquake or the like.
As shown in FIG. 1, the braking device according to the first embodiment includes a wheel 100 constituting a caster attached to a rotating shaft 2 and a rotating body 1 provided inside.
Further, a connecting member 3 that can rotate relative to the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 is attached to the rotating shaft 2. The connecting member 3 includes a pair of connecting pieces 3a and 3b facing each other with a predetermined interval, and a fixed surface 3c passed between them. Then, the connecting pieces 3a and 3b are arranged so as to sandwich both surfaces of the wheel 100 and attached to the rotary shaft 2, and the upper fixing surface 3c is fixed to a moving body such as furniture.
The wheel 100 incorporates the lock mechanism and the brake mechanism of the present invention. The lock mechanism and the brake mechanism will be described later in detail. The surface of the wheel 100 is covered with a disk-shaped cover 4.

2 is a view showing a state in which the cover 4 is removed in order to explain the inside of the wheel 100, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a concentric circular recess 100a is formed in the wheel 100, and a plate-like rotating body 1 is provided in the circular recess 100a.
The rotary body 1 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIGS. 5 and 6 are views seen from the side of the surface 1b opposite to the one surface 1a appearing in FIG. On the surface 1b of the rotating body 1, a plurality of recesses 1c are provided along the outer periphery to form blade portions 1d between the recesses 1c. An annular seal groove 1e is formed on the inner diameter side of the blade portion 1d, and a shaft hole 1i having an inner diameter larger than the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 2 is formed at the center.

Further, a linear seal groove 1 f is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 1.
A seal member 101 is fitted in the seal grooves 1e and 1f, and the rotating shaft 2 is inserted into the shaft hole 1i so that the surface 1b of the rotating body 1 faces the bottom surface 100b of the circular recess 100a of the wheel 100. .
At this time, the seal member 101 provided in the seal groove 1 f on the outer periphery of the rotating body 1 is pressed by the inner side surface 100 c of the circular recess 100 a of the wheel 100 so as to exhibit a sealing property.

Further, on the bottom surface 100b of the circular recess 100a of the wheel 100, when the rotary body 1 is incorporated into the circular recess 100a, an annular convex portion 100d is formed at a position corresponding to the seal groove 1e formed on the surface 1b of the rotary body 1. The annular convex portion 100d protrudes into the seal groove 1e and presses the seal member 101 to ensure the sealing performance.
A viscous fluid is filled between the seal members 101 and 101 fitted in the seal grooves 1 e and 1 f and between the bottom surface of the circular recess 100 a and the inner side surface 100 c and the outer surface of the rotating body 1.

The rotating body 1 incorporated in the wheel 100 as described above is rotated integrally with the wheel 100 during normal traveling by the static frictional force of the seal member 101.
However, when the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped by a lock mechanism described later, only the wheel 100 rotates and the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other. The viscous resistance of the viscous fluid charged between the body 1 and the body 1 gives a braking force to the wheel 100.
Specifically, when the blade 1d moves while stirring the viscous fluid, it receives a viscous resistance of the fluid. Therefore, unlike the case where the wheel 100 rotates integrally with the rotating body 1, the wheel 100 receives a braking force and therefore does not rotate at high speed. As a result, the moving body to which the wheel 100 is attached also moves at high speed. I do not. That is, in the first embodiment, the rotating body 1 and the viscous fluid constitute a braking mechanism that applies a braking force to the rotation of the wheel 100 that rotates relative to the rotating body 1.

Next, a description will be given of a lock mechanism that rotates the rotating body 1 together with the wheels during normal traveling but stops the rotation of the rotating body 1 during rapid acceleration.
As shown in FIG. 2, a circular recess 1g concentric with the rotary body 1 is formed on one surface 1a of the rotary body 1, and a plate-like braking member 5 is provided in the circular recess 1g. The braking member 5 includes fan-shaped portions 5a and 5b on the upper and lower sides, respectively, and the center thereof coincides with the center O of the rotating shaft 2 and is rotatably attached. Thereby, the rotating body 1, the braking member 5, and the connecting member 3 can be relatively rotated with the same center O as the rotation center.

  In addition, the braking member 5 has a fan-shaped portion 5a above the center O in FIG. 2 smaller than the lower fan-shaped portion 5b, and a hollow 5c is formed in the upper fan-shaped portion 5a. To reduce weight. Therefore, the braking member 5 has the lower fan-shaped portion 5b as a weight portion, and maintains the state shown in FIG. 2 when no external force is applied. Swing as a pendulum.

Further, a pair of braking grooves 6 and 7 are formed in the upper fan-shaped portion 5a in the vicinity of both ends in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 8 which are the top members of the present invention are formed in these braking grooves 6 and 7. , 8 are accommodated.
The braking grooves 6, 7 have wide portions 6 a, 7 a that open the side facing the inner side surface 1 h of the circular recess 1 g and have a distance to the inner side surface 1 h larger than the outer diameter of the roller 8. 8 includes a wedge-shaped portion having narrow portions 6b and 7b slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the width 8. The wide portions 6a and 7a are positioned below the narrow portions 6b and 7b. Accordingly, during normal traveling in which no external force is applied, the rollers 8 and 8 are located in the wide portions 6a and 7a below due to their own weight, hardly contact the inner side surface 1h, and the relative relationship between the braking member 5 and the rotating body 1 It does not inhibit rotation.

In addition, an arc-shaped elongated hole 9 centering on the center O is formed in the lower fan-shaped portion 5b of the braking member 5, and the connecting piece 3b of the connecting member 3 faces the elongated hole 9. The restriction pin 10 protruding in this manner is fixed, and the restriction pin 10 is inserted into the elongated hole 9. When the brake member 5 swings, the restriction pin 10 moves along the circular arc in the elongated hole 9, but when the control pin 10 contacts the end of the elongated hole 9, the braking member 5 is moved. Stops swinging. In other words, the long hole 9 and the restriction pin 10 constitute the swing restriction means of the present invention, and the amplitude corresponding to the movement range of the restriction pin 10 in the long hole 9 is the maximum amplitude of the braking member 5. The elongated hole 9 may be a hole that penetrates the braking member 5 or a recess that opens on the cover 4 side.
In addition, a circular window 4 a is formed in the cover 4 so as to allow the restriction pin 10 to pass therethrough.

When an external force exceeding a predetermined value is applied to the rotating body 1, the braking member 5 swings, and the roller 8 in the braking groove 6 or 7 is pushed into the narrow portion 6 b or 7 b to rotate with the braking member 5. The body 1 is integrated. Further, since the swinging of the braking member 5 integrated with the rotating body 1 is restricted by the restriction pin 10, the rotating state of the rotating body 1 is stopped.
As described above, when a large external force is applied, the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped, and the mechanism is considered as follows.
Here, the case where the wheel 100 moves in the direction of arrow A on the plane S shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
When the rotator 1 moves on the plane S in the direction of arrow A, the wheel 100 rotates in the direction of arrow α. During normal travel, the rotator 1 that rotates integrally with the wheel 100 also moves in the direction of arrow α. Rotate.

  The rotation direction of the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 indicated by the arrow α excludes the center of the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 when the wheel 100 moves to the arrow A as a whole while rolling on the horizontal plane S. It is a moving direction of an arbitrary point with respect to the center O, and here is a counterclockwise direction. Accordingly, the arrow α draws a circle centered on the center O, but only a part of the arrow α is shown in the figure. The same applies to the following embodiments.

When the wheel 100 moves in the direction of the arrow A while rolling as described above, if the movement is a constant velocity motion, the braking member attached to the rotating body 1 rotating integrally with the wheel 100 so as to be relatively rotatable. No external force in the horizontal direction acts on 5. Therefore, the control member 5 does not swing and maintains the state shown in FIG.
When the wheel 100 starts from a stop state, an acceleration is generated. Therefore, an external force corresponding to the acceleration acts on the center of the braking member 5, but if the magnitude is small, the braking member swings. Is small and immediately attenuates to maintain the state shown in the figure. In other words, during normal travel where the acceleration of the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 does not increase so much, the roller 8 stays on the wide portions 6a and 7a side of the braking grooves 6 and 7, and the relative rotation between the rotating body 1 and the braking member 5 occurs. There is no inhibition.

On the other hand, in an emergency in which the wheel 100 accelerates rapidly, the vibration of the braking member 5 increases, and the braking member 5 rotates from the state of FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow α to the state shown in FIG.
When the braking member 5 rotates in this way, the rollers 8 and 8 accommodated in the respective braking grooves 6 and 7 also move together with the braking member 5. The braking member 5 rotates about the center O, and the braking groove 6 behind the rotation direction (arrow α direction) of the pair of braking grooves 6 and 7 exceeds the vertical line N, and the wide portion 6a is narrow. When positioned above the portion 6b, the roller 8 in the braking groove 6 moves by its own weight from the position of the two-dot chain line toward the narrow portion 6b. Thus, the roller 8 moved to the narrow portion 6b side contacts the inner side surface 1h of the rotating body 1. At this time, the roller 8 receives the rotational force of the rotating body 1 in the direction of the arrow α, and rotates to be further pushed into the narrow portion 6b.

As described above, when the roller 8 is pushed into the narrow portion 6b, the roller 8 comes into pressure contact with the rotating body 1, and the braking member 5 and the rotating body 1 are integrated by the wedge effect to prevent relative rotation therebetween. .
That is, the upper braking groove 6 in FIG. 7 is a braking portion provided with a wide portion 6a that allows the top member to move freely in this invention and a narrow portion 6b that presses the top member against the rotating body.

And in the state which the said rotary body 1 and the braking member 5 were integrated, since the control pin 10 fixed to the said connection member 3 contact | abuts to the edge part of the elongate hole 9 of the brake member 5, rotation of the rotary body 1 is carried out. Will be locked. In the first embodiment, the braking portion, the roller 8 that is a top member, the braking member 5, and the restriction pin 10 constitute a lock mechanism of the present invention.
When the rotating body 1 stops rotating and the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other in the locked state, the viscosity of the viscous fluid interposed between the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 as described above. Since the resistance imparts a braking force to the rotation of the wheel 100, high-speed rotation of the wheel 100 can be prevented.

  Therefore, in the event of a large external force such as an earthquake or being pushed by a person, the braking member 5 is greatly shaken, and the braking member 5 and the rotating body 1 are integrated via the rollers 8 and the rotation is stopped. The locked state can be maintained. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the moving body to which the wheel 100 is attached by the external force from moving at an unexpected high speed. Moreover, since the braking mechanism is configured to exert a braking force while rotating the wheel 100, the wheel 100 is not suddenly stopped, and the danger due to the sudden stop can be eliminated.

  In the locking mechanism of the first embodiment, how much external force is applied can determine whether to stop the rotation of the rotating body 1 as an emergency according to the usage mode of the device. Specifically, when the amplitude of the braking member 5 is reached, the roller 8 is pressed against the rotating body 1. The vertical line N passing through the center O and the braking grooves 6, 7 It can be arbitrarily designed by adjusting the distance and the position of the center of gravity of the braking member 5.

When the rotating body 1 moves in the direction opposite to the arrow A in FIG. 2, the braking groove 7 at the rear in the clockwise rotation direction, which is the direction opposite to the arrow α, serves as a braking portion of the present invention. It functions in the same manner as the braking groove 6.
In the first embodiment, the roller 8 is used as the top member of the present invention. However, the top member may have any shape as long as it is a member that rotates in contact with the rotating body 1, for example, Or a ball.
Furthermore, the magnitude of the braking force applied to the wheel 100 while maintaining the locked state is adjusted by the viscosity of the viscous fluid, the amount of the viscous fluid, the shape of the blade portion 5c, and the like. Is possible.

The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 12 is different from the first embodiment in that a substantially fan-shaped brake member 11 is used instead of the brake member 5 constituting the lock mechanism. The same as in the first embodiment. And the same code | symbol is used for the same component as 1st Embodiment.
The braking device of the second embodiment also incorporates the rotating body 1 in a circular recess 100a formed in the wheel 100. When the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other, the braking mechanism functions and the wheel 100 is rotated. The configuration for applying a braking force to the rotation is the same as in the first embodiment.
That is, also in the second embodiment, the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1 rotate integrally during normal traveling when a large external force does not act on the moving body, but the locked state in which the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped by the lock mechanism. In this case, a braking force is applied to the rotation of the wheel 100 by the braking mechanism. The configuration of the braking mechanism of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Therefore, the configuration of the lock mechanism different from the first embodiment will be described in detail below.
Also in the second embodiment, the circular recess 1g is formed in the rotating body 1 rotatably attached to the connecting member 3 via the rotating shaft 2, and the braking member 11 is accommodated therein.
The braking member 11 is a fan-shaped plate-like member, and normally maintains the state shown in FIG. 9 and performs a pendulum motion with the braking member 11 as a weight when an external force is applied.

  The fan-shaped arc is opposed to the inner surface 1h of the circular recess 1g, and the brake grooves 6 and 7 are provided in the vicinity of both ends in the circumferential direction, respectively. These braking grooves 6, 7 are formed on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the arc portion of the braking member 11 with narrow portions 6 b, 7 b whose distance from the inner surface 1 h is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the roller 8. In the natural state where the distance from the inner side surface 1h is wider than the outer diameter of the roller 8 and the brake member 11 is lowered by its own weight, the wide portions 6a and 7a are made narrower. It is comprised so that it may be located below the parts 6b and 7b.

When the rollers 8 are positioned on the wide portions 6a and 7a side of the braking grooves 6 and 7, the rollers 8 can freely move, and the relative rotation between the rotating body 1 and the braking member 11 is also possible. . Therefore, the rotating body 1 rotates smoothly, and the wheel 100 rotating integrally with the rotating body 1 also rotates and moves smoothly.
However, when the roller 8 enters the narrow portions 6b and 7b, the rotating body 1 and the braking member 11 are integrated with each other while being pressed against the inner surface 1h of the rotating body 1.
Further, the braking member 11 includes an arc-shaped elongated hole 9 centered on the center O, and a restriction pin 10 fixed to the connecting piece 3b of the connecting member 3 is inserted.
Therefore, if the regulating pin 10 comes into contact with the end of the elongated hole 9 in a state where the rotating body 1 and the braking member 11 are integrated, the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped.

  In the locking mechanism according to the second embodiment, the roller 8 enters the narrow portions 6b and 7b of the braking grooves 6 and 7 in the event of a large external force, and the rotating body 1 and the braking member 11 are caused by the wedge effect. And a locked state in which the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped. When the locked state is maintained in this manner, the wheel 100 rotates relative to the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotates due to the fluid resistance of the viscous fluid interposed between the contact surfaces of the wheel 100 as in the first embodiment. A braking force is applied to.

Hereinafter, the operation of the lock mechanism in which the roller 8 of the second embodiment enters the narrow portion 6b of the braking groove 6 to stop the rotation when the rotating body 1 is accelerated rapidly will be described.
Also in the second embodiment, the wide portions 6a and 7a of the braking grooves 6 and 7 formed in the braking member 11 are located below the narrow portions 6b and 7b in the normal state shown in FIG. 8 is located in the wide part 6a, 7a with dead weight. In this state, the roller 8 can freely move within the wide portions 6a and 7a, and the relative rotation between the braking member 11 and the rotating body 1 is performed smoothly.

In this state, a large external force is applied. For example, when the wheel 100 starts with a rapid acceleration in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 9, the braking member 11 and the rollers 8 and 8 are respectively separated from the arrow A by inertia. It swings in the direction of arrow B which is the opposite direction. This vibration causes the braking member 11 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction indicated by the arrow α which is the same rotation direction as the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1.
At this time, the braking member 11 moves as a fan-shaped rigid pendulum with the center O as a fixed point, and the rollers 8 and 8 move as a single pendulum with the radius of the circular recess 1g as the length of the pendulum.

  That is, the two pendulums start to swing in the same direction based on an external force that generates a sudden acceleration. However, since the positions of the centers of gravity of the two pendulums are different, there should be a difference between the periods of the two. Specifically, the rigid pendulum by the braking member 11 has a shorter distance from the center O to the center of gravity than the simple pendulum by the roller 8, so the cycle is shorter than the roller 8 and the rotation direction is changed more quickly. Conceivable. Therefore, in the vicinity of the maximum amplitude, the roller 8 has a higher rotational speed in the direction of the arrow α than the braking member 11, and the roller 8 becomes the braking groove 6 in the braking groove 6 on the front side in the arrow α direction. On the other hand, it moves toward the narrow portion 6b, which is the front, and enters the narrow portion 6b. In this way, in the event of sudden acceleration, the roller 8 moves from the wide portion 6a to the narrow portion 6b in the braking groove 6 of the braking member 11, and the rotating body 1 and the braking member 11 are moved by the wedge effect. Is integrated.

Thus, in an emergency, the braking member 11 and the rotating body 1 are integrally rotated with respect to the connecting member 3, but a restriction pin 10 fixed to the connecting member 3 is formed on the braking member 11. When it comes into contact with the end of the hole 9, the rotating member 1 is stopped together with the braking member 11. As described above, when the rotation of the rotating body 1 stops, only the wheel 100 rotates, but at this time, the braking force by the viscous fluid acts to moderate the rotation of the wheel 100.
Therefore, also in the second embodiment, it is possible to prevent the risk that the moving body to which the wheel 100 is attached moves at an unexpected high speed due to an external force such as an earthquake.
In the second embodiment, when the rotating body 1 rotates counterclockwise, which is the direction of the arrow α, the braking groove 6 on the front side in the rotational direction is the braking portion of the present invention, and is located on the rear side in the rotational direction. The wide part 6a and the narrow part 6b are provided in the rotation direction front. When the rotating body 1 rotates in the clockwise direction opposite to the arrow α, the braking groove 7 at the front in the rotational direction becomes the braking portion of the present invention.

Also in the second embodiment, it is possible to determine how much external force is applied to determine whether or not the locked state in which the rotation of the rotating body 1 is stopped as an emergency is determined by the usage mode of the device. Specifically, when the amplitude of the braking member 5 is reached, the roller 8 is pressed against the rotating body 1. The vertical line N passing through the center O and the braking grooves 6, 7 It can be arbitrarily designed by adjusting the distance and the position of the center of gravity of the braking member 11.
In this second embodiment, the roller 8 is used as the top member. However, the top member jumps upward along the inner surface 1h of the rotating body 1 in an emergency and enters the narrow portion 6b of the braking groove 6 in an emergency. If so, it may be anything, and there is no need to roll along the rotating body 1.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 to 16, the braking member constituting the lock mechanism is connected to the moving body and does not rotate.
In the third embodiment, the rotating body 1 that rotates together with the wheel 100 during normal travel, maintains a locked state during rapid acceleration, stops rotating, and rotates relative to the wheel 100 is not a disk but a ring. This is different from the first and second embodiments.
In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those in the other embodiments.

The braking device of the third embodiment includes a braking member 12 including a pair of support pieces 12a and 12b that are rotatably attached to the rotary shaft 2 with both surfaces of the wheel 100 interposed therebetween, and a fixed surface 12c that is interposed therebetween. It has. And the fixed surface 12c of this braking member 12 is connected with moving bodies, such as furniture. Thus, since the braking member 12 is fixed to the moving body side, the braking member 12 does not swing with respect to the moving body.
Reference numeral 13 in the figure denotes a cover attached to the braking member 12 so as to cover the surface of the braking member 12 and prevent the rollers 8 and 8 from falling off the braking grooves 6 and 7. FIG. 14 shows a state where the cover 13 is removed.

Moreover, the rotating body 1 of this 3rd Embodiment is a ring-shaped member which formed the center hole 1j in the center part of the rotating body 1 of 1st Embodiment shown to the said FIGS. Therefore, a surface 1b opposite to the one surface 1a shown in FIG. 14 includes a recess 1c and a blade portion 1d along the outer periphery, and a seal groove 1e into which the seal member 101 is incorporated. In addition, a seal groove 1 f for incorporating the seal member 101 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating body 1.
On the other hand, the wheel 100 includes a concentric annular recess 100e, and the rotating body 1 is incorporated in the annular recess 100e. The surface 1b of the rotating body 1 faces the bottom surface of the annular recess 100e, and the seal member 101 is provided. Is brought into contact with the annular projection 100d, and the seal member 101 on the outer peripheral surface is brought into contact with the inner surface 100c of the annular recess 100e. Then, similarly to the other embodiments, a between these seal members 101, filling the viscous fluid between the annular recess 100e of the wheel 100 and the rotating body 1.

  Also in the third embodiment, during the normal traveling of the moving body, the rotating body 1 rotates integrally with the wheel 100 due to the static friction of the contact portion of the seal member 101, but is locked by the lock mechanism described below. When the rotation of the rotating body 1 stops, a braking force is applied to the rotation of the wheel 100 by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid.

The locking mechanism of this third embodiment will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 14, the support member 12 b of the braking member 12 is formed with a fan-shaped portion 12 d below the rotating shaft 2, and the braking member 5 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Similarly, a pair of braking grooves 6 and 7 are formed. The shape of the braking grooves 6 and 7 is the same as that of the braking grooves 6 and 7 of the first embodiment, and includes wide portions 6a and 7a and narrow portions 6b and 7b. , 8 and the wide portions 6a, 7a are positioned below the narrow portions 6b, 7b.

On the other hand, in the annular recess 100e of the wheel 100, the inner periphery of the center hole 1j of the rotating body 1 is concentric with the rotating body 1 by a part of the annular recess 100e as shown in FIGS. An annular recess 100e ′ is formed, and one end side of the rollers 8, 8 is inserted into the annular recess 100e ′. The rollers 8 and 8 are held by the central hole 1j of the rotating body 1 that is radially outward of the annular recess 100e 'and the braking grooves 6 and 7 formed in the fan-shaped portion 12d of the braking member 12.
The width of the annular recess 100e ′ is larger than the outer diameter of the rollers 8 and 8, and the rollers 8 and 8 held by the inner surface 100f and the braking grooves 6 and 7 are formed in the central hole of the rotating body 1. The inner surface 100f facing the inner peripheral surface 1j is hardly contacted.
The rollers 8, 8 are held so as to be freely movable on the wide portions 6a, 7a side of the braking grooves 6, 7, and on the narrow portions 6b, 7b side, It is trying to press against the circumference.

Also in the third embodiment as described above, during normal traveling where no sudden acceleration occurs, the rollers 8 and 8 are positioned on the lower wide portions 6a and 7a side and move along the central hole 1j of the rotating body 1, The rotation of the rotating body 1 that rotates with the wheel 100 is not hindered.
On the other hand, for example, in an emergency in which a sudden acceleration in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 14 occurs, the roller 8 in the braking groove 6 is a moving body that suddenly accelerates in the direction of arrow A in order to maintain its position due to inertia. On the other hand, it moves in the direction of arrow B, which is the direction opposite to the moving direction, and moves so as to jump along the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 1j. As a result, the roller 8 enters the narrow portion 6b of the braking groove 6, presses against the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 1j, maintains the locked state, and stops the rotation of the rotating body 1. Therefore, the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other.
When the rotating body 1 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other, as described above, a braking force is applied to the rotation of the wheel 100 by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid, and as a result, high-speed movement of the moving body can be prevented.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, a braking mechanism and a lock mechanism are provided on the side surface of the wheel 100 provided in the connecting member 3, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8.
And the shape of the rotary body 14 which rotates with the wheel 100 or rotates relatively is different from the rotary body 1 of 2nd Embodiment shown in FIGS. However, the configuration of the locking mechanism is the same as that of the second embodiment, and in this fourth embodiment as well, components using the same reference numerals as those of the other embodiments are components having similar functions.
The wheel 100 of the fourth embodiment has a pair of annular recesses 100h and 100g on both side surfaces. These annular recesses 100h and 100g are formed for the purpose of reducing the weight of the wheel 100, but the braking mechanism of the present invention is assembled in one annular recess 100g, and a lock mechanism is provided on the outside thereof.

The rotating body 14 that rotates about the rotating shaft 2 of the wheel 100 protrudes toward the outside of the wheel 100 on the outer side surface of the wheel 100 shown in FIG. 19, and the outer cylinder portion 14a along the outer periphery. And a concentric inner cylinder portion 14b. An annular recess 14c is formed between the two cylindrical portions 14a and 14b, and the rotary shaft 2 is inserted into the inner cylindrical portion 14b.
And the cover 15 is attached to the said outer side cylinder part 14a, FIG. 18 has shown the state which removed this cover 15 and the connection member 3. FIG.
Further, an outer cylindrical portion 14d and an inner cylindrical portion 14e centering on the rotation center are formed on the other surface of the rotating body 14, and an annular recess 14f is formed between both the cylindrical portions 14d and 14e. However, a step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical portion 14e.

  A fan-shaped braking member 11 constituting a lock mechanism is accommodated in an annular recess 14c formed on the outer surface of the rotating body 14, and the inner cylinder portion 14b of the rotating body 14 is inserted into the shaft hole. . The braking member 11 is a fan-shaped plate-like member and normally maintains the state shown in FIG. 18 due to its own weight. However, when an external force is applied, the braking member 11 performs a pendulum motion with the inner cylindrical portion 14b as a fulcrum. The braking member 11 has the inner cylinder portion 14b as a rotation axis. However, since the inner cylinder portion 14b and the rotation shaft 2 are concentric, the braking member 11 is the same as in the second embodiment that swings around the rotation axis 2. Works.

The fan-shaped arc is opposed to the inner side surface of the outer cylindrical portion 14a which is the inner wall surface of the annular recess 14c, and is provided with braking grooves 6 and 7 near both ends in the circumferential direction. 8 is housed. These braking grooves 6, 7 are formed on the outer sides in the circumferential direction of the arc portion of the braking member 11, and the narrow portions 6 b, 7 b, whose distance from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 14 a is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the roller 8. In the natural state where the distance from the inner surface is larger than the outer diameter of the roller 8 and the opposite side is the wider portions 6a and 7a, and the braking member 11 is lowered by its own weight, the wider portions 6a and 7a are It is configured to be positioned below the narrow portions 6b and 7b.
Further, a stopper member 19 is fixed to the connecting piece 3a of the connecting member with a set screw 20, and the tip of the stopper member 19 protrudes into the annular recess 14c. On the other hand, the cover 15 is provided with a circular window 15a so that when the cover 15 rotates together with the rotating body 14, the stopper member 19 does not hinder the rotation.

When the rollers 8 are positioned on the wide portions 6a and 7a side of the braking grooves 6 and 7, the rollers 8 can freely move, and the rotating body 14 and the braking member 11 can also rotate relative to each other. . Therefore, the rotating body 14 rotates smoothly, and the wheel 100 that rotates integrally with the rotating body 14 also rotates and moves smoothly.
However, when the roller 8 enters the narrow portions 6b and 7b and presses against the inner side surface of the cylindrical portion 14a of the rotating body 14, the rotating body 14 and the braking member 11 are integrated. When the rotating body 14 and the braking member 11 rotate together as described above, the braking member 11 collides with the stopper member 19 and enters a locked state in which the rotation is stopped.

Next, the braking mechanism of the fourth embodiment will be described.
In the annular recess 100 g of the wheel 100, as shown in FIG. 19, an annular transmission member 16 having a stepped portion on the side surface is provided, and this is fixed to the wheel 100 by a set screw 17. The transmission member 16 is a wheel-side transmission member that has a shape in which the side surface is in contact with the side surface of the cylindrical portion 14 e of the rotating body 14 and the tip is in contact with the bottom surface of the annular recess 14 f and rotates integrally with the wheel 100. .

A cap 18 is screwed to the cylindrical portion 14 d of the rotating body 14. The cap 18 is an annular member, which prevents the transmission member 16 incorporated in the annular recess 14f from being removed from the annular recess 14f by screwing and is used as a transmission member on the rotating body side that rotates together with the rotating body 14. It is a corresponding member.
Further, a seal groove 18a for incorporating the seal member 101 is provided on the outer periphery of the cap 18 so as to seal a contact portion between the outer periphery of the cap 18 and the cylindrical portion 14d. In FIGS. 19 and 20, reference numeral 18 b denotes a tool insertion hole for inserting a tool when the cap 18 is screwed to the rotating body 14.

In addition, a gap formed between the cap 18 and the transmission member 16 and a gap formed between the stepped portion of the transmission member 16 and the cylindrical portion 14e of the rotating body 14 are each provided with an annular seal member 101. , 101 are incorporated.
As described above, between the cap 18 and the cylindrical portion 14d of the rotating body 14, between the cap 18 and the transmitting member 16, which is a transmitting member on the rotating body side, and between the transmitting member 16 and the rotating body 14 on the wheel 100 side. A seal member 101 is provided between the cylinder portion 14e for sealing, and the cap 18 and the wheel 100 which are the rotary member 14 and the rotary member-side transmission member on the rotary member 14 side of the seal members 101, 101, 101 are provided. The contact portion with the transmission member 16 on the side is filled with a viscous fluid. This viscous fluid gives a braking force to the rotation by viscous resistance when the wheel 100 and the rotating body 14 rotate relative to each other.
However, in a state where a large external force does not act on the rotating body 14, the rotating body 14 and the transmission member 16 on the wheel side rotate integrally due to the static friction between the contact portions.
That is, in this 4th Embodiment, the braking mechanism of this invention is comprised by each member integrated in the annular recessed part 100g of the wheel 100. FIG.

  In the fourth embodiment, the locking mechanism including the braking member 11, the braking grooves 6, 7, the roller 8, and the stopper member 19 operates in the same manner as in the second embodiment. Although omitted, during normal traveling, the unlocking state in which the rotating body 14 and the braking member 11 can be rotated relative to each other is maintained, and no braking force acts on the wheel 100 that rotates together with the rotating body 14. Therefore, the wheel 100 rotates smoothly and the moving body can move smoothly.

However, at the time of rapid acceleration, as described above, the rotating body 14 and the braking member 11 are integrated, and the rotation is stopped by the stopper member 19.
Thus, when the rotation of the rotating body 14 stops, only the wheel 100 rotates, and the relative rotation between the wheel-side transmission member 16 and the rotating body 14 and the cap 18 which is the rotating body-side transmission member. The braking force due to the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid acts on the wheel, and the rotation of the wheel 100 is suppressed.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent sudden acceleration or sudden stop of the moving body.
In the fourth embodiment as well, a blade portion is formed on any of the members that are filled with the viscous fluid, as in the rotating body 1 of the first embodiment, on any of the relative rotating members. The resistance force received when moving can be used as a braking force.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the rotating mechanism 1, 14 or a transmission member that rotates integrally therewith, and the wheel 100 or the wheel that rotates integrally with the braking mechanism that applies a braking force to the rotation of the wheel 100. Although the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid interposed between the contact portions with the transmission member is used, the configuration for applying the braking force is not limited to that using the viscous fluid.
For example, in each of the above embodiments, only the frictional force between the member surfaces can be used without interposing a viscous fluid between the contact portions. At that time, the braking force suitable for the purpose can be obtained by adjusting the material of the contact surface, the surface roughness, and the like. Further, the friction force can be adjusted by interposing an elastic member such as the seal member 101.

Furthermore, the braking force can be applied by the attractive force of the magnet without bringing the wheel-side member and the member on the rotating body side that are relatively rotated into contact with each other. Thus, FIG. 21 shows a fifth embodiment in which a magnetic force is used as a braking force.
In the fifth embodiment, an annular permanent magnet 21 is fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body 1, and an annular semi-hard magnetic body 22 is provided on the inner surface 100 c of the annular recess of the wheel 100. The permanent magnet 21 and the semi-hard magnetic body 22 are opposed to each other while maintaining a slight gap. Alternatively, the semi-hard magnetic body 22 may be provided on the outer periphery of the rotating body 1, and the permanent magnet 21 may be provided on the inner side surface 100 c of the annular recess of the wheel 100.
Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and the locking mechanism is the same as that of the second embodiment. Therefore, detailed description of the lock mechanism is omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, in the unlocked state in which the braking member 5 and the rotating body 1 rotate relative to each other, when the wheel 100 rotates, the rotating body 1 is rotated by the attractive force between the semi-hard magnetic body 22 and the permanent magnet 21. And rotate together. At this time, the wheel 100 does not receive a braking force. Therefore, as in the other embodiments, during normal traveling of the moving body in which the unlocked state is maintained, the wheels 100 can rotate smoothly and the moving body can be moved without resistance.

On the other hand, at the time of rapid acceleration, the braking member 5 rotates integrally with the rotating body 1 as in the second embodiment, but the rotation is restricted by the restriction pin 10 and the locked state is maintained.
In such a locked state, the permanent magnet 21 is stopped together with the rotating body 1, so that the wheel 100 exerts a braking force against rotation by the attractive force between the semi-hard magnetic body 22 fixed to the inner side surface 100 c and the permanent magnet 21. Will receive.
Therefore, even in the fifth embodiment, it is possible to prevent the wheel 100 from moving at a high speed. Further, by adjusting the magnetic force, the braking force applied to the wheel 100 when the locked state is reached can be adjusted.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the rotating bodies 1 and 14 are provided on the inner peripheral side of the wheel 100 and the braking mechanism is provided between the inner periphery of the wheel 100 and the outer periphery of the rotating bodies 1 and 14. The position where the braking mechanism is provided is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the rotating shaft 2 is fixed to the wheel 100 and the rotating shaft 2 is fixed between the rotating shaft 2 and the shaft hole of the rotating body or between the rotating bodies 1 and 14. A braking mechanism may be provided anywhere between the opposing portions of the wheel 100 or the transmission member that rotates integrally with the wheel and the transmission member that rotates integrally with the rotation body.
Further, the rotating body may be provided outside the wheel 100 without providing the rotating body and the wheel 100 on the same axis.

The sixth embodiment shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 is a braking device in which the rotating body 1 is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the wheel 100.
The wheel 100 is rotatably attached to a rotating shaft 2 provided on a connecting member 3 similar to that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the wheel 100 of the sixth embodiment incorporates the rotating body 1 therein. Not.
On the other hand, a rotating shaft 24 is provided on a connecting member 23 similar to the connecting member 3, and the rotating body 1 shown in FIG. 23 is attached to the rotating shaft 24. As in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the rotating body 1 houses a braking member 5 having braking grooves 6 and 7 formed therein and rollers 8.

Further, the connecting member 3 to which the wheel 100 is attached and the connecting member to which the rotating body 1 is attached are coupled by a coupling member 25, and the coupling member 25 is fixed to a moving body such as furniture.
The outer periphery of the wheel 100 and the outer periphery of the rotating body 1 are such that the rotating body 1 rotates together with the wheel 100 in an unlocked state in which the rotating body 1 can rotate around the rotating shaft 24 and does not resist the rotation of the wheel 100. And when the rotary body 1 will be in the locked state, it arrange | positions maintaining the contact pressure of the grade which the wheel 100 receives braking force but does not stop suddenly.

Also in such a braking device, during the normal traveling of the moving body, the braking member 5 maintains the state shown in FIG. 23, and the rotating body 1 rotates smoothly as the wheel 100 rotates. In other words, the wheel 100 rotates smoothly without receiving a braking force, and the moving body can be moved lightly.
On the other hand, when the moving body suddenly accelerates, a large external force acts on the rotating body 1, and the braking member 5 and the rotating body 1 are integrated via the rollers 8, and the lock is stopped by the restriction pin 10.
In the sixth embodiment, the rotation direction α of the wheel 100 and the rotation direction β of the rotating body 1 are opposite in the unlocked state, but the braking member 5 is locked by swinging in the direction opposite to the acceleration direction of the moving body. Since this is the same as in the first embodiment, description of the operation of the locking mechanism is omitted.

As described above, since the rotating body 1 stops when the locked state is maintained, the wheel 100 is given a braking force by the frictional force with the outer peripheral surface of the stopped rotating body 1.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the moving body from moving at a high speed due to sudden rotation of the wheel 100 at a high speed.

In addition, in the said 1st-6th embodiment, although the roller 8 is used as a piece member which comprises a locking mechanism, as a piece member in these embodiment, it is not restricted to a roller, Instead of the said roller 8, For example, a prismatic top member may be used.
The configuration of the braking mechanism is not limited to the above embodiment, and various configurations used in a normal damper device, a torque limiter, or the like can be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Wheel 1 Rotating body 2 Rotating shaft 5 Brake members 6, 7 Brake grooves 6a, 7a Wide portions 6b, 7b Narrow portion 8 Roller 9 Long hole 10 Restriction pin 11 Brake member 12 Brake member 14 Rotator 16 (on the wheel side) Transmission member 18 Cap 19 (as transmission member) Stopper member 22 Semi-hard magnetic body

Claims (4)

  The rotating body linked to the wheel of the moving body and the unlocked state in which the rotating body is rotated together with the wheel during normal driving are maintained, and the rotation of the rotating body is stopped with respect to the moving body during sudden acceleration. A locking mechanism that maintains a locked state that enables relative rotation between the body and the rotating wheel, and a braking mechanism that applies braking force to the rotation of the wheel when the rotating body is locked and only the wheel rotates. Braking device. The braking mechanism includes a transmission member that rotates together with the wheel in the wheel or the locked state, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body or the rotating body in the locked state. The wheel and the rotating body, and the wheel and the rotating body. transmitting member that rotates together with the transmission member and the rotating member that rotates with the wheel, or by interposing a viscous fluid between the two transmission member, wherein you configured to impart the braking force to the wheel by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid Item 4. The braking device according to item 1.   The braking mechanism includes a transmission member that rotates together with the wheel in the wheel or the locked state, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body or the rotating body in the locked state. The wheel and the rotating body, and the wheel and the rotating body. The transmission member that rotates together with the transmission member, the transmission member that rotates together with the wheel and the rotating body, or both the transmission members are in contact with each other, and the braking force is applied to the wheel by the frictional force of the contact portion. Braking device.   The locking mechanism includes a braking member that rotates relative to the rotating body, a top member that is coupled to the rotating body and the braking member so as to be in sliding contact with the rotating body, and provided on the braking member and restricts movement of the top member. A braking part that performs a free movement of the top member at the rear or front in the rotational direction when the rotating body moves to either one along the horizontal plane, and the front or rear in the rotational direction. A narrow portion that presses the top member against the rotating body at the rear, and the brake portion is wedge-shaped from the wide portion to the narrow portion, and the wide portion is positioned below the narrow portion. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the top member is configured to fit into a narrow portion of the braking portion to maintain the locked state during rapid acceleration.

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