JP5495734B2 - Braking device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a braking device that prevents a wheelchair, furniture with casters, and the like from suddenly moving at high speed due to external force.

When an external force more than expected is applied to furniture, sashes, chairs, etc. that are fitted with casters due to earthquakes or being pushed by people, it moves at high speed, and the moved furniture collides with people or walls. There is a risk that it will end. For example, it is desirable for hospital beds to be able to move with light force when moving with the patient lying down normally, but when an unexpected large external force is applied due to an earthquake, etc. In addition, suddenly moving at high speed will crash into a wall and the patient will be seriously injured. Similarly to the above, it is desirable that the medical device can be moved lightly during normal times, but if it suddenly moves due to an earthquake or the like and collides with a wall or the like, the device may be damaged and cannot be used.
In addition, it is common to attach casters so that heavy objects such as pianos and furniture in the home can be moved lightly. However, when an unexpected large external force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the above pianos suddenly move at high speed. If you move, people can get caught between the walls and get injured.

Furthermore, not only an earthquake, but also a person sitting on a chair or wheelchair with a caster, and when it is strongly pushed by some accident and moved suddenly, it becomes a very dangerous state.
In order to avoid such danger, casters that suppress high-speed rotation are known.
For example, a caster having a brake function described in Patent Document 1 always applies a gentle braking force to the rotation of the caster to suppress high-speed movement.
The caster described in Patent Document 2 includes a mechanism for preventing a sudden descent on a downhill or assisting the braking action when a brake is applied.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-081105 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-059113

The caster with a brake mechanism described in Patent Document 1 is always subjected to a braking force, and smooth rotation of the caster in a normal use state is also inhibited. Therefore, there has been a problem that a large force is required to push a baby carriage or wheelchair using such casters. In addition, even if casters are attached to facilitate the movement of heavy objects such as pianos and cabinets, the casters with brake mechanism described above have a problem that the casters are always heavy and cannot be moved easily as expected. .
Further, the caster described in Patent Document 2 can prevent rolling down a downhill, but cannot cope with rapid acceleration on a horizontal plane.
On the other hand, a structure that suddenly stops the caster when sudden acceleration is detected can be considered, but if the caster suddenly stops during rapid movement, the person on the baby carriage, wheelchair, bed, etc. may jump out There is also.

  The object of the present invention is that a moving body in which wheels are linked can move easily without applying a braking force in normal use, and in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake or a sudden push, It is intended to provide a braking device that can prevent a sudden high-speed movement or sudden stop by applying a braking force to the vehicle to ensure safety.

The first invention includes a wheel and rotatable relative rotation of the moving body, at the time of normal running to maintain the lock release state for relatively rotating the said rotary body and the wheels, at the time of rapid acceleration and the rotational body and the wheels integrated, and a lock mechanism for the these rotating body and the wheels remain locked to rotate integrally, when rotated above the rotating body and the said wheels together in the locked state, the wheel via the rotary body And a braking mechanism that applies a braking force to the rotation of the motor.

The second invention, the brake mechanism of the first aspect of the present invention, the rotating member rotate relative to the braking member is fixed to the moving body side provided, by interposing the viscous fluid between the brake member and the rotating member , and wherein the point you configured to impart the braking force to the rotating member viscous resistance of the viscous fluid.

A third invention is a braking mechanism of the first aspect of the present invention, a braking member rotating the rotating member relative to fix to the moving body side provided, the frictional force of the contact portion between the brake member and the rotating member a point on the rotating body and the structure for imparting the braking force, characterized.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the braking mechanism of the first aspect is provided with a braking member fixed to the moving body, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body and that rotates relative to the braking member. the viscous fluid is interposed between the braking member, which is characterized in that the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid in configuration to impart the braking force to the rotating body.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, the braking mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with a braking member fixed on the movable body side, and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body and that rotates relative to the braking member. and a feature point that was configured to impart the braking force to the rotary member by a frictional force of the contact portion between the braking member.
Incidentally, the fourth, the fifth invention rotation of the "rotating together with the rotating member, and the braking member rotate relative to the transmission member" may be a co-rotating with the rotary member a reverse rotation It doesn't matter. In short, the transmission member may be a member that rotates by the rotational force of the rotating body is transmitted, it is assumed that the transmission mechanism of the rotational force also not particularly limited.

A sixth invention is, on the premise of invention of the fourth or fifth, detachably attached to said brake mechanism to a support member for supporting the shaft of the wheel is provided on the moving body side, the brake mechanism, the support A braking member comprising a cylindrical casing provided on a side surface of the member, the transmission member provided in the braking member so as to be relatively rotatable, and a rotation transmission member for transmitting the rotation of the rotating body to the transmission member. It is characterized by points.

A seventh invention is based on the first to sixth inventions, and the lock mechanism is configured to be rotatable relative to the wheel and controlled to rotate relative to the rotating body, and the lock member. comprising a frame member and the wheel are coupled slidably held on the wheel, and a brake for restricting the movement of the piece member is provided on the locking member, the braking unit, the wheels along the horizontal plane It includes a wide portion to allow free movement of the piece member in the rotation direction rear or front when moving to either, and a narrow portion for pressing the frame member in the rotational direction forward or backward in the rotating body Te In addition, the brake part is formed in a wedge shape from the wide part toward the narrow part, and the wide part is positioned below the narrow part. Wood is fitted into the narrow portion of the braking unit are integrated and the locking member and the wheel, and the arrangement for maintaining the locked state to integrate the above rotating body and the wheel through the locking member Features a point.

According to the first to seventh inventions, in a normal state where no large external force is applied, the lock mechanism maintains the unlocked state, the rotating body and the wheel rotate relative to each other, and the braking force does not act on the wheel and moves. Smooth movement of the body is possible.
On the other hand, at the time of sudden acceleration, the lock mechanism maintains a locked state in which the rotating body and the wheel are integrated and rotated integrally, and the braking mechanism applies a braking force to the rotation of the wheel via the rotating rotating body. Therefore, the sudden acceleration movement of the moving body can be prevented.
In addition, since the braking force is applied in a state where the wheels are rotating together with the rotating body, the moving body does not stop suddenly, and it is possible to prevent a person or an object from jumping out of the rapidly stopping moving body.

In the second and fourth inventions, the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid is used as the braking force, so that various braking forces can be set by selecting the fluid.
In the third and fifth inventions, since the frictional force of the contact portion is used as the braking force, for example, a seal is not required as in the case of using a fluid, and the structure can be simplified.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, since the brake mechanism is detachable from the wheel support member, the brake mechanism can be easily replaced. For example, when the braking mechanism is damaged or when it is desired to change the braking force, it can be dealt with by replacing only the braking mechanism.

In the seventh invention, at the time of rapid acceleration, the braking unit presses the top member against the wheel to integrate the wheel and the lock member, and the rotating body and the wheel that are linked to the locking member are integrated, and the rotating body is interposed therebetween. Since the braking force acts on the wheels, the rapid rotation of the rotating body can be stopped, and a rapid high-speed movement of the moving body connected to the rotating body can be prevented.
In addition, since the lock mechanism has a structure that mechanically detects sudden acceleration, for example, the reliability is higher than that that electrically detects sudden acceleration.

It is a perspective view of a 1st embodiment. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3. It is a front view of the state which removed the connection member and cover of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of 2nd Embodiment. It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state which removed the connection member and cover of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of 3rd Embodiment. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the XII-XII sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state which removed the connection member and cover of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the locked state of the locking mechanism of 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of 4th Embodiment. It is the XVI-XVI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state which removed the connection member and cover of 4th Embodiment.

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
The braking device according to the first embodiment is used as, for example, a caster attached to the bottom surface of furniture or the like, and is a device that can prevent sudden movement at high speed due to an earthquake or the like.
In the braking device of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a wheel 100 constituting a caster is attached to a rotating shaft 1. The wheel 100 is provided with the lock mechanism and the brake mechanism of the present invention. The lock mechanism and the brake mechanism will be described in detail later.

A circular recess 100a concentric with the wheel 100 is formed on the wheel 100, and a donut-shaped cover 2 having a circular hole on the opening side surface is fixed.
Further, a connecting member 3 that is rotatable relative to the wheel 100 is attached to the rotating shaft 1. The connecting member 3 includes a pair of connecting pieces 3a and 3b facing each other with a predetermined interval, and a fixed surface 3c passed between them. The connecting pieces 3a and 3b are arranged so as to sandwich both surfaces of the wheel 100 so as to support the rotating shaft 1, and the upper fixing surface 3c is fixed to a moving body such as furniture.

Further, a donut-shaped braking member 4 concentric with the wheel 100 is fixed to the inside of the connecting piece 3 a by a stop screw 5.
2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 illustrates the cover 2, the connecting member 3, and the brake member in order to explain the inside of the wheel 100. It is the figure which showed the state which removed 4.
And the said braking member 4 is made into the shape which meshes with the rotary body 6 demonstrated later near the center hole 4a of the side surface facing the wheel 100. FIG. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, an annular seal holding step 4b, an annular protrusion 4c, an annular seal groove 4d, and an annular recess 4e are provided from the center hole 4a side toward the outer periphery.

On the other hand, the rotating body 6 is a disk-like member that is rotatably attached to the rotating shaft 1, and has irregularities that engage with the braking member 4 in the vicinity of the outer periphery thereof. Specifically, from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body 6, an annular convex portion 6a that coincides with the annular concave portion 4e of the braking member 4, an annular concave portion 6b in which the annular convex portion 4c of the braking member 4 fits, and a seal holding step portion 6c are provided. Forming.
And the unevenness | corrugation of the said braking member 4 and the unevenness | corrugation of the rotary body 6 are fitted. At this time, the seal members 101, 101 are provided in the spaces formed by the seal holding step 4b of the braking member 4 and the seal holding step 6c of the rotating body 6, respectively, and between the seal members 101, 101, respectively. Thus, a viscous fluid is filled between the annular convex portion 4 c of the braking member 4 and the annular concave portion 6 b of the rotating body 6.

As described above, the rotating body 6 assembled to the braking member 4 fixed to the connecting member 3 does not rotate at the normal time but is integrated with the braking member 4. At this time, the lock mechanism described later maintains the unlocked state in which the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 are relatively rotatable.
However, when the rotating mechanism 6 and the wheel 100 rotate integrally while the lock mechanism maintains the locked state, the rotating body 6 and the braking member 4 rotate relative to each other. The viscous resistance of the viscous fluid filled between the rotating body 6 gives a braking force to the rotating body 6.

As described above, when the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 are rotated integrally in the locked state, the braking force applied to the rotating body 6 is applied to the wheel 100 via the rotating body 6. 100 does not rotate at high speed, and as a result, the moving body to which the wheel 100 is attached does not move at high speed. That is, in the first embodiment, the braking member 4 and the viscous fluid constitute a braking mechanism that applies a braking force to the rotation of the wheel 100 via the rotating body 6.
3 and 5, reference numeral 6 d is an arc-shaped elongated hole 6 d formed in the rotating body 6 and concentric with the rotating body 6, and the elongated hole 6 d has a lock member 7 described later. The fixed regulation pin 11 is inserted.

Next, a description will be given of a lock mechanism for rotating the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 relative to each other during normal traveling, but integrating the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 during rapid acceleration.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, a concentric circular recess 100a is formed in the wheel 100, and a plate-like lock member 7 is provided in the circular recess 100a.
The lock member 7 is a fan-shaped plate-like member, and normally maintains the state shown in FIG. 5 and performs a pendulum motion with the lock member 7 as a weight when an external force is applied.

  The lock member 7 has the fan-shaped arc opposed to the inner surface 100b of the circular recess 100a, and has braking grooves 8 and 9 near both ends in the circumferential direction. Rollers 10 and 10 are accommodated. The braking grooves 8 and 9 are formed on the outer sides in the circumferential direction of the arc portion of the lock member 7 with narrow portions 8b and 9b whose distance from the inner surface 100b is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the roller 10 on the opposite side. In the natural state of FIG. 5 in which the distance from the inner surface 100b is larger than the outer diameter of the roller 10 and the lock member 7 is lowered by its own weight, the wide portions 8a and 9a are It is configured to be positioned below the narrow portions 8b and 9b. In this state, the roller 10 can freely move within the wide portions 8a and 9a, and the relative rotation between the lock member 7 and the wheel 100 is performed smoothly.

  Further, a restriction pin 11 is erected and fixed to the side surface of the lock member 7, and the restriction pin 11 is inserted into the elongated hole 6 d of the rotating body 6. Therefore, the restriction pin 11 can move within the range of the elongated hole 6d, and the lock member 7 and the rotating body 6 can be relatively rotated within this range. In other words, when the restricting pin 11 reaches the end of the elongated hole 6d, the relative rotation of the lock member 7 and the rotating body 6 is restricted, and the lock member 7 rotates integrally. That is, the restriction pin 11 and the elongated hole 6 d serve as means for restricting relative rotation between the rotating body 6 and the lock member 7.

And when the said roller 10 is located in the wide part 8a, 9a side of the said braking groove | channel 8, 9, the said roller 10 can move freely, and it prevents that the relative rotation of the wheel 100 and the locking member 7 is prevented. Absent. Therefore, even if the wheel 100 rotates, the lock member 7 maintains the state shown in FIG.
However, when the roller 10 enters the narrow portions 8b and 9b, the wheel 100 and the lock member 7 are integrated by being pressed against the inner surface 100b of the wheel 100.
Thus, if the wheel 100 rotates in a state where the wheel 100 and the lock member 7 are integrated, and the restriction pin 11 comes into contact with the end of the elongated hole 6d, the rotating body 6 is integrated with the wheel 100. It will be in the locked state where it will rotate. That is, in the first embodiment, the lock member 7, the braking grooves 8 and 9, the rollers 10, and the restriction pins 11 constitute the lock mechanism of the present invention.

Next, in the locking mechanism of the first embodiment, in an emergency when a large external force is applied, the roller 10 enters the narrow portions 8b and 9b of the braking grooves 8 and 9, and the wheel 100 and the locking member 7 are caused by the wedge effect. The mechanism that integrates and will be described.
For example, when the wheel 100 moves in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5, the wheel 100 rotates in the direction of arrow α.
The rotation direction of the wheel 100 indicated by the arrow α is an arbitrary point excluding the center of the wheel 100 when the wheel 100 moves to the arrow A as a whole while rolling on the horizontal plane S with respect to the center O. It is the direction of movement, here it is counterclockwise. Accordingly, the arrow α draws a circle centered on the center O, but only a part of the arrow α is shown in the figure. The same applies to the following embodiments.

When the wheel 100 moves in the direction of the arrow A while rolling as described above, if the movement is a constant velocity motion, a horizontal external force acts on the lock member 7 that is swingably attached to the rotary shaft 1. do not do. Therefore, the lock member 7 does not swing and maintains the state shown in FIG.
When the wheel 100 starts from a stop state, acceleration is generated. Therefore, an external force corresponding to the acceleration acts on the center of the lock member 7. The shaking is also small and immediately attenuates to maintain the state shown in the figure. In other words, during normal driving in which the acceleration of the wheel 100 does not increase so much, the roller 10 stays on the wide portions 8a and 9a side of the braking grooves 8 and 9 and hinders relative rotation between the lock member 7 and the wheel 100. Absent.

On the other hand, during an emergency that suddenly accelerates, a large external force acts, and the lock member 7 and the rollers 10 and 10 swing in the direction of arrow B, which is the opposite direction to the arrow A, due to inertia. This shake causes the lock member 7 to rotate counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow α which is the same rotation direction as the wheel 100.
When a sudden acceleration in the direction of the arrow A occurs as described above, the lock member 7 moves as a fan-shaped rigid pendulum with the center O of the rotating shaft 1 as a fixed point, and the rollers 10 and 10 move to the circular recess 100a. It moves as a simple pendulum with the radius of the pendulum as the length of the pendulum.

  That is, the two pendulums start to swing in the same direction based on an external force that generates a sudden acceleration. However, since the positions of the centers of gravity of the two pendulums are different, there should be a difference between the periods of the two. Specifically, the rigid pendulum with the lock member 7 has a shorter distance from the center O to the center of gravity than the simple pendulum with the roller 10, and therefore has a shorter cycle than the roller 10 and changes the rotation direction more quickly. Conceivable. Therefore, in the vicinity of the maximum amplitude, the roller 10 has a higher rotational speed in the arrow α direction than the lock member 7, and the roller 10 becomes the braking groove 8 in the braking groove 8 on the front side in the arrow α direction. On the other hand, it moves toward the narrow portion 8b, which is the front, and enters the narrow portion 8b. In this way, in the event of sudden acceleration, the roller 10 moves from the wide portion 8a to the narrow portion 8b in the braking groove 8 of the lock member 7, and the wheel 100 and the lock member 7 are moved by the wedge effect. Integrate.

  In the first embodiment, when the wheel 100 rotates counterclockwise, which is the direction of the arrow α, the braking groove 8 at the front in the rotational direction is the braking portion of the present invention, and the wide portion 8a at the rear in the rotational direction. The narrow portion 8b is provided in front of the rotation direction. When the wheel 100 rotates clockwise, which is the direction opposite to the arrow α, the braking groove 9 at the front in the rotational direction becomes the braking portion of the present invention.

In the event of an emergency as described above, the lock member 7 and the wheel 100 rotate together around the center O, but the restriction pin 11 fixed to the lock member 7 is a long hole formed in the rotating body 6. When it comes into contact with the end of 6d, the lock member 7 and the rotating body 6 start to rotate integrally, and as a result, the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 rotate integrally. Thus, if the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 rotate integrally, the rotating body 6 and the braking member 4 rotate relative to each other. At this time, the braking force by the viscous fluid causes the rotating body 6 to rotate. It acts on the wheel 100 via this to slow the rotation of the wheel 100.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, during normal traveling, the risk that the moving body attached with the wheel 100 moves at an unexpected high speed due to an external force such as an earthquake can be prevented while maintaining smooth rotation of the wheel 100. Moreover, since the braking mechanism is configured to exert a braking force while rotating the wheel 100, the wheel 100 is not suddenly stopped, and the danger due to the sudden stop can be eliminated.

  It should be noted that it is possible to determine how much external force is applied to determine whether the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 are in a locked state in which the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 are integrally rotated as an emergency. Specifically, when the amplitude of the lock member 7 is reached, the roller 10 is pressed against the wheel 100, and the distance between the vertical line N passing through the center O and the braking grooves 8 and 9 is determined. Alternatively, it can be arbitrarily designed by adjusting the position of the center of gravity of the lock member 7.

In this first embodiment, the roller 10 is used as the top member. However, the top member jumps upward along the inner surface 100b of the rotating body 6 in an emergency, and enters the narrow portion 8b of the braking groove 8 in an emergency. If so, it may be anything, and there is no need for the top member to roll along the inner side surface 100b.
Further, the magnitude of the braking force applied to the wheel 100 when the locked state is maintained can be adjusted by the viscosity of the viscous fluid, the amount of the viscous fluid, and the like.

6 to 9 show a second embodiment in which a braking mechanism is detachably provided on the connecting member 3 which is a support member of the present invention that supports the rotating shaft 1 that is the shaft of the wheel 100.
In the second embodiment, the constituent elements having the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are elements having the same functions as those in the first embodiment.
Also in the second embodiment, the wheel 100 is provided on the rotary shaft 1 supported by the pair of connecting pieces 3 a and 3 b of the connecting member 3. And the lock member 7 and the roller 10 are provided in the circular recessed part 100a formed in the wheel 100. FIG. The lock member 7 is a member having the same shape as the lock member 7 of the first embodiment, and the mechanism in which the wheel 100 and the lock member 7 are integrated at the time of rapid acceleration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Below, it demonstrates centering on a different point from the said 1st Embodiment.
In the second embodiment, a rotating body 12 is rotatably provided on the rotating shaft 1. The rotating body 12 is a disk-shaped member, and a gear 12a is formed on the outer periphery thereof.
The rotating body 12 is provided with a long hole 12b into which the restriction pin 11 fixed to the lock member 7 is inserted. Therefore, the rotating body 12 can rotate relative to the lock member 7 in a range where the restriction pin 11 does not contact the end of the elongated hole 12b. However, in the process in which the lock member 7 and the rotating body 12 rotate relative to each other. When the restriction pin 11 comes into contact with the end of the long hole 12b, the relative rotation is restricted and the two rotate integrally.

On the other hand, a braking mechanism is provided on one connecting piece 3 a of the connecting member 3.
The braking mechanism includes a casing 13, a transmission member 14 that is rotatably inserted into the casing 13, and a cap 15 that closes the opening of the casing 13, and there is a viscosity between the casing 13 and the outer periphery of the transmission member 14. Filled with fluid.
The transmission member 14 is a transmission member of the present invention that rotates together with the rotating body 12 and rotates relative to the braking member, and includes a braking portion 14a that rotates along the inner periphery of the casing 13, and a shaft portion 14b. Consists of. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the braking portion 14 a has a pair of notches 14 c and 14 c that serve as a reservoir for the viscous fluid filled in the casing 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the brake member 14 a has a plurality of weights for transmitting the fluid in the step of reducing the weight of the transmission member 14 and inserting the transmission member 14 into the casing 13 filled with the viscous fluid. An axial hole 14d is formed.

Further, the shaft portion 14b is protruded from the cap 15, and a gear member 16 having a gear 16a meshing with the gear 12a provided on the rotating body 12 is attached to the outer periphery of the protruding portion.
Note that reference numeral 18 in FIG. 7 denotes a washer that supports the seal member 101 together with the cap 15.
When the transmission member 14 thus configured rotates relative to the casing 13, a braking force is applied to the rotation of the transmission member 14 by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid.

Further, the casing 13 is provided with a pair of attachment portions 13a and 13a, and these attachment portions 13a and 13a are detachably fixed to the connecting piece 3a by means of retaining screws 17 and 17. When the casing 13 is attached, The gear 16 a of the member 16 is engaged with the gear 12 a of the rotating body 12.
The connecting piece 3a is formed with a hole that penetrates the gear member 16 and does not contact the gear portion 16a.

Below, the effect | action of the braking device of this 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.
Also in the braking device of the second embodiment, during the normal traveling of the moving body in which no rapid acceleration occurs, the lock member 7 does not shake greatly and maintains the state of being lowered downward as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the rollers 10 and 10 stay in the wide portions 8a and 9a below the braking grooves 8 and 9 and the wheel 100 rotates, the rollers 10 and 10 roll along the inner side surface 100b of the circular recess 100a. The wheel 100 rotates relative to the lock member 7 without receiving a braking force.
Thus, if the lock member 7 does not rotate, the rotating body 12 also does not rotate, that is, the unlocked state in which the rotating body 12 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other is maintained.

On the other hand, at the time of sudden acceleration of the wheel 100, the lock member 7 and the rollers 10, 10 are shaken similarly to the first embodiment, and the rollers 10, 10 fitted in the narrow portions 8b, 9b are The wheel 100 is integrated. If the lock member 7 is rotated integrally with the wheel 100, the restriction pin 11 fixed to the lock member 7 comes into contact with the end of the elongated hole 12b of the rotating body 12, and the lock that rotates the rotating body 12 and the wheel 100 integrally. Maintain state.
In this locked state, the rotating body 12 rotates about the rotating shaft 1, so that the rotational force is transmitted to the transmission member 14 via the gear 16 a meshed with the gear 12 a. That is, in the second embodiment, the gear member 16 is a rotation transmission member according to the present invention that transmits the rotation of the rotating body 12 to the transmission member provided in a braking member made of a cylindrical casing so as to be relatively rotatable. is there.

When the transmission member 14 rotates, a braking force is applied to the braking portion 14a by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid, and this braking force is transmitted to the rotating body 12 via the shaft portion 14b, the gear member 16 and the gear 12a. A braking force is applied to the wheel 100 that rotates integrally with the rotating body 12.
In the second embodiment, the casing 13 constitutes a braking member of the present invention that is fixed to the movable body side and rotates relative to the rotating body 12, the transmission member 14 rotates together with the rotating body 12, and the braking is performed. The transmission member of the present invention is configured to rotate relative to the casing 13 as a member.

As described above, also in the second embodiment, the braking force is not applied to the wheel 100 during normal traveling, and smooth movement is maintained, and the braking force by the viscous fluid is maintained during rapid acceleration. Then, it acts on the wheel 100 via the transmission member 14 and the rotating body 12 to slow the rotation of the wheel 100.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the danger that the moving body with the wheels 100 will move at an unexpected high speed due to an external force such as an earthquake. Moreover, since the braking mechanism is configured to exert a braking force while rotating the wheel 100, the wheel 100 is not suddenly stopped, and the danger due to the sudden stop can be eliminated.

In the second embodiment, the member constituting the braking mechanism is incorporated in the casing 13 and is detachably attached to the connecting piece 3a of the connecting member 3 by the stop screw 17, so that the braking is performed by removing the casing 13. The mechanism can be easily replaced. For example, it is advantageous when the braking mechanism is damaged or when it is desired to adjust the braking force.
The braking force can be adjusted by changing the viscosity of the viscous fluid filled in the casing 13 or by changing the facing area between the braking portion 14 a of the rotating body 14 and the inner wall of the casing 13. Therefore, if the braking mechanism can be replaced as in the second embodiment, the braking force can be easily adjusted.

The third embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 is different from the lock member 7 of the first embodiment in the shape of the lock member 19, but the other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Also in the third embodiment, the wheel 100 is formed with a circular recess 100a concentric with the wheel 100, and the plate-like lock member 19 is provided in the circular recess 100a. The lock member 19 is provided with fan-shaped portions 19 a and 19 b on the upper and lower sides, respectively, and the center thereof coincides with the center O of the rotary shaft 1 and is rotatably attached. Further, a rotating body 6 is rotatably attached to the rotating shaft 1.

  In addition, the lock member 19 has a fan-shaped portion 19a on the upper side of the rotating shaft 1 in FIG. 13 smaller than the fan-shaped portion 19b on the lower side, and a hollow hole 19c is formed in the upper fan-shaped portion 19a. To reduce weight. For this reason, the locking member 19 maintains the state shown in FIG. 13 in a state where the lower fan-shaped portion 19b is a weight portion and no external force is applied, but when the horizontal external force is applied, the lower fan-shaped portion 19b is maintained. The pendulum swings around the center O as a pendulum with the mold portion 19b as a weight.

Further, a pair of braking grooves 8 and 9 are formed in the upper fan-shaped portion 19a in the vicinity of both ends in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 10 which are the top members of the present invention are formed in these braking grooves 8 and 9. , 10 are accommodated.
The braking grooves 8 and 9 have wide portions 8a and 9a that open the side facing the inner side surface 100b of the circular recess 100a and have a distance to the inner side surface 100b larger than the outer diameter of the roller 10, and rollers A wedge-shaped portion having narrow portions 8b and 9b slightly smaller than the outer diameter of 10 is provided, and the wide portions 8a and 9a are positioned below the narrow portions 8b and 9b. Accordingly, during normal running where no external force is applied, the rollers 10 and 10 are positioned in the wide portions 8a and 9a below due to their own weight, hardly contact the inner surface 100b of the wheel 100, and the lock member 19 and the wheel 100 Does not hinder the relative rotation.
At this time, since the rotational force of the wheel 100 is not transmitted to the rotating body 6, the rotating body 6 does not rotate, and the unlocked state in which the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other is maintained.

  Further, the restriction pin 11 is fixed to the fan-shaped portion 19 b below the lock member 19, and the restriction pin 11 is inserted into an arc-shaped elongated hole 6 d formed in the rotating body 6. When the lock member 19 swings, the restriction pin 11 moves along the arc in the long hole 6d. However, when the control pin 11 comes into contact with the end of the long hole 6d, the lock member 19 is moved. And the relative rotation of the rotating body 6 are restricted. In other words, the lock member 19 and the rotating body 6 are integrated via the control pin 11.

In such a braking device, when an acceleration exceeding a predetermined value occurs, the lock member 19 swings greatly, and the roller 10 in the brake groove 8 or 9 is pushed into the narrow portion 8b or 9b, and the lock member 19 and the wheel 100 are pushed. And unite. Furthermore, since the lock member 19 integrated with the wheel 100 is integrated with the rotating body 6 via the restriction pin 11, the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 are integrated.
As described above, even in the third embodiment, when the wheel 100 is suddenly accelerated, the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 are in a locked state in which the wheel 100 rotates integrally. The mechanism is considered as follows.

Here, the case where the wheel 100 moves in the direction of arrow A on the plane S shown in FIG. 13 will be described.
When the wheel 100 moves on the plane S in the direction of arrow A, the wheel 100 rotates in the direction of arrow α.
When the wheel 100 moves in the direction of the arrow A while rolling as described above, if the movement is a constant speed motion, an external force in the horizontal direction acts on the lock member 19 that is swingably attached to the rotary shaft 1. do not do. Therefore, the lock member 19 does not swing and maintains the state shown in FIG.

  When the wheel 100 starts from a stop state, an acceleration is generated. Therefore, an external force corresponding to the acceleration acts on the center of the lock member 19. The shaking is also small and immediately attenuates to maintain the state shown in the figure. In other words, during normal travel in which the acceleration of the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 does not increase so much, the roller 10 stays on the wide portions 8a and 9a side of the braking grooves 8 and 9, and the relative rotation between the lock member 19 and the wheel 100 occurs. There is no inhibition.

On the other hand, during an emergency in which the wheel 100 accelerates rapidly, the swing of the lock member 19 increases, and the lock member 19 rotates from the state of FIG. 13 in the arrow α direction to the state shown in FIG.
FIG. 14 is a view in which the rotating body 6 is removed from FIG. 13 in order to make the operation of the lock member 19 easier to understand. And in FIG. 14, the long hole 6d formed in the said rotary body 6 with the dashed-two dotted line is shown.

  As described above, if the lock member 19 swings during rapid acceleration, the rollers 10 and 10 accommodated in the brake grooves 8 and 9 also move together with the lock member 19. The lock member 19 rotates about the center O in the direction of the arrow α, and as shown in FIG. 14, the brake groove 8 behind the rotation direction (the direction of the arrow α) of the pair of brake grooves 8 and 9 is a vertical line. When N is exceeded, the wide portion 8a is positioned above the narrow portion 8b. Thus, when the wide portion 8a is positioned above the narrow portion 8b, the roller 10 in the wide portion 8a moves by its own weight from the position of the two-dot chain line to the position indicated by the solid line on the narrow portion 8b side. . Thus, the roller 10 that has moved to the narrow portion 8b side contacts the inner surface 100b of the rotating body 6. At this time, the roller 10 receives the rotational force of the rotating body 6 in the direction of the arrow α, and rotates to be further pushed into the narrow portion 8b.

When the roller 10 is pushed into the narrow portion 8b, the roller 10 comes into pressure contact with the rotating body 6, and the lock member 19 and the wheel 100 are integrated by the wedge effect.
In other words, the upper braking groove 8 in FIG. 14 is a braking portion provided with a wide portion 8a that allows the top member to move freely in the present invention and a narrow portion 8b that presses the top member against the rotating body.
In this state where the wheel 100 and the lock member 19 are integrated, the restriction pin 11 fixed to the lock member 19 comes into contact with the end of the elongated hole 6d of the rotating body 6. Accordingly, the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 are in a locked state in which they rotate together.
In the third embodiment, the braking groove 8, the roller 10 that is a top member, the lock member 19, the restriction pin 11, and the elongated hole 6d constitute a lock mechanism of the present invention.

If the wheel 100 and the rotating body 6 rotate integrally in the locked state, the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid interposed between the meshing portions of the rotating body 6 and the braking member 4 is reduced as in the first embodiment. A braking force is applied to the rotation of the rotating body 6. And since this braking force is provided to the wheel 100 via the rotary body 6 and the lock member 19, the high speed rotation of the wheel 100 can be prevented.
Therefore, also in the third embodiment, the braking force is not applied to the wheel 100 during normal traveling, and smooth movement is maintained, and during rapid acceleration, the braking force by the viscous fluid is applied to the rotating body. 6 and the lock member 19 to act on the wheel 100 to slow the rotation of the wheel 100.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the danger that the moving body with the wheels 100 will move at an unexpected high speed due to an external force such as an earthquake. Moreover, since the braking mechanism is configured to exert a braking force while rotating the wheel 100, the wheel 100 is not suddenly stopped, and the danger due to the sudden stop can be eliminated.

  Also in the lock mechanism of the third embodiment, how much external force is applied determines whether the rotating body 6 and the wheel 100 are rotated integrally as an emergency according to the use mode of the device. Can do. Specifically, when the amplitude of the lock member 19 is reached, the roller 10 is pressed against the inner surface 100b of the wheel 100, and the vertical direction passing through the center O in the natural state shown in FIG. It can be arbitrarily designed by adjusting the distance between the line N and the braking grooves 8 and 9 and the position of the center of gravity of the lock member 19.

  When the rotating body 6 moves in the direction opposite to the arrow A in FIG. 13, the braking groove 9 at the rear in the clockwise rotation direction, which is the direction opposite to the arrow α, serves as the braking portion of the present invention. It functions in the same manner as the braking groove 8.

The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 is a braking device in which a braking mechanism is attached to the connecting piece 3a as in the second embodiment, but the locking member 19 similar to that in the third embodiment is attached to the wheel 100. The second embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that it is provided in a circular recess 100a.
That is, the apparatus includes a braking mechanism similar to that of the second embodiment and a locking mechanism similar to that of the third embodiment.
And the same code | symbol is used for the component similar to the said other embodiment, and detailed description of each component is abbreviate | omitted here.
FIG. 17 is a front view showing a state in which the connecting member 3 and the cover 2 are removed.

Below, the effect | action of the braking device of this 4th Embodiment is demonstrated.
During normal travel in which a large external force does not act on the wheel 100, the lock member 19 hardly swings. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, the rollers 10 and 10 accommodated in the braking grooves 8 and 9 have wide portions 8a and 9a. Located on the side. Therefore, the wheel 100 rotates relative to the lock member 19. In addition, since the rotation of the wheel 100 is not transmitted to the rotating body 12, the rotating body 12 does not rotate, the unlocked state in which the rotating body 12 and the wheel 100 rotate relative to each other is maintained, and the wheel 100 moves smoothly. Is possible.

  On the other hand, at the time of sudden acceleration due to an earthquake or the like, the lock member 19 is rotated to be in the state shown in FIG. 14 as in the third embodiment, and the roller 10 held in the braking groove 8 or 9 is fitted into the narrow portion 8b or 9b. The wheel 100 and the lock member 19 are integrated. If the wheel 100 and the lock member 19 rotate integrally, the lock member 19 and the rotating body 12 are integrated via the restriction pin 11, and as a result, the lock in which the rotating body 12 and the wheel 100 rotate integrally. Maintain state.

  Since the rotating body 12 rotates in the locked state, the rotational force is transmitted to the gear member 16 via the gear 12a and the gear 16a. As a result, the transmission member 14 to which the gear member 16 as the rotation transmission member is attached rotates relative to the casing 13 as the braking member of the present invention. Therefore, a braking force acts on the transmission member 14 by the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid filled between the casing 13 and the braking portion 14a of the transmission member 14. This braking force is applied to the wheel 100 via the gear member 16, the rotating body 12, and the lock member 19.

As described above, also in the fourth embodiment, during normal traveling, there is a risk that the moving body to which the wheel 100 is attached moves at an unexpected high speed due to an external force such as an earthquake while maintaining the smooth rotation of the wheel 100. Can be prevented. Moreover, since the braking mechanism is configured to exert a braking force while rotating the wheel 100, the wheel 100 is not suddenly stopped, and the danger due to the sudden stop can be eliminated.
Further, in the fourth embodiment, the casing 13 is made detachable by the retaining screw 17, so that the braking mechanism can be easily replaced and the braking force can be easily adjusted.

In the braking mechanisms of the first to fourth embodiments, the braking force is applied using the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid, but the braking member and the rotating body or the transmission member are not used without using the viscous fluid. And the frictional resistance between the contact surfaces may be used as a braking force.
In the first and third embodiments, the rotating body 6 and the braking member 4 are directly opposed to each other. However, a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body 6 and relatively rotates with the braking member 4 is provided. The transmission member and the braking member may be opposed to generate a braking force therebetween.
Further, the specific configuration as the braking mechanism is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various configurations used in a known infinite angle damper device, a torque limiter, or the like can be used.
In particular, when the braking mechanism is attached to the outside of the connecting member as in the second and fourth embodiments, there are more various configurations that can be employed as the braking mechanism, and these can be replaced and used. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Wheel 1 Rotating shaft 3 Connecting member 3a, 3b Connecting piece 4 Brake member 6 Rotating body 6d Long hole 7 Lock member 8, 9 Brake groove 8a, 9a Wide part 8b, 9b Narrow part 10 Roller 11 Restriction pin 12 Rotating body 12a Gear 12b Long hole 13 Casing 14 Transmission member 14a Braking part 14b Shaft part 16 Gear member 16a Gear 17 Stop screw 19 Lock member

Claims (7)

A wheel and rotatable relative rotation of the moving body, at the time of normal running to maintain the lock release state for relatively rotating the said rotary body and the wheels, at the time of rapid acceleration by integrating the above rotating body and the wheels, rotate a locking mechanism for maintaining the locked state of rotating integrally with the body and the wheel, when the rotary body and the said wheel is rotated integrally in the locked state, the braking force to the rotation of the wheel through the rotary body A braking device comprising a braking mechanism for applying. The aforementioned brake mechanism, the rotating member rotate relative to the braking member is fixed to the moving body side is provided, the viscous fluid is interposed between the brake member and the rotating member, the rotation in the viscous resistance of the viscous fluid device as claimed in claim 1 body was configured to impart the braking force. The aforementioned brake mechanism, the rotating member rotate relative to the braking member is fixed to the moving body side provided to impart the braking force to the rotary member by a frictional force of the contact portion between the brake member and the rotating body structure The braking device according to claim 1. The braking mechanism is provided with a braking member fixed on the moving body side and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body and rotates relative to the braking member, and viscous fluid is provided between the transmission member and the braking member. is interposed, the braking device according to claim 1 which is a configuration for imparting the braking force to the rotating member viscous resistance of the viscous fluid. The braking mechanism is provided with a braking member fixed on the movable body side and a transmission member that rotates together with the rotating body and rotates relative to the braking member, and a frictional force at a contact portion between the transmission member and the braking member. in braking system according to claim 1 which is a configuration for imparting the braking force to the rotating body. Is provided on the movable body side provided with the braking mechanism detachably to a support member for supporting the shaft of the wheel, the braking mechanism, the braking member and, the braking member comprising a cylindrical casing provided on a side surface of the support member The braking device according to claim 4 , further comprising: the transmission member provided in a relatively rotatable manner therein; and a rotation transmission member that transmits the rotation of the rotating body to the transmission member. The locking mechanism, the frame member and the locking member is restricted relative rotation between the rotating body, and the locking member and the wheel is coupled slidably held on the wheel while allowing rotation the wheel relative When, and a braking portion that restricts movement of the frame member is provided on the locking member, the braking unit, the frame in the direction of rotation behind or ahead when the wheel is moved either along a horizontal plane a wide portion for the members allowing free movement, the frame member in the rotational direction forward or backward along with and a narrow portion for pressing on the rotating body, wedge toward the narrower portion of the braking portion from said wide portion as well as in, the wide portion becomes by positioned below the narrow portion, at the time of rapid acceleration, the lock the frame member is fitted in the narrow portion of the braking portion Integrating the member and the wheel, through the locking member the braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 was configured to maintain the locked state to integrate the above rotating body and the wheel.

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