JP5659779B2 - Root crop harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, root vegetables such as carrots, radishes and persimmons are extracted from the field, and a cutting device is used to cut off the foliage part and the edible part (part excluding the foliage part). The present invention relates to a root crop harvesting machine that harvests food parts.

  As a root vegetable harvesting machine that harvests root vegetables such as carrots, radishes or persimmons, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the excavated root vegetables are transported to the rear of the machine body by the pulling and transporting device, at the rear of the pulling and transporting device. There is a technique of separating only the edible part by separating the stalk and leaf part from the edible part with the provided foliage cutting device.

JP 2006-034248 A JP 2009-106196 A

  Root crops are harvested by selling vegetables to leave the stalk part of the edible portion, and by harvesting the edible part by completely removing the stalk portion for juice processing. However, in root vegetables, the stem portion is soft and easy to cut, but the edible portion is harder to cut than the stem, and the cutting blade of the foliage must be separated from the cutting blade of the bulb portion.

  The present invention seeks to provide a root crop harvester that can cope with changes in the harvest method for selling vegetables and the harvest method for processing.

The invention of claim 1, wherein the drawing transfer device for feeding transportable roots vegetables such (24) is provided and conveyed rearward by sandwiching the leaves and stems of the root vegetables to the rear in the conveying direction of the withdrawal feeder (24) A root vegetable provided with a foliage cutting device (47) for cutting off a foliage part or an edible portion of a root vegetable sandwiched and suspended by the foliage portion holding and conveying device (45i, 45o) and the foliage portion holding and conveying device (45i, 45o) The first rotary blade that enables the vertical spacing of the foliage cutting device (47) with respect to the foliage portion clamping and conveying device (45i, 45o) to be adjusted, and that the root vegetables are cut close to each other so as to be pinched from the left and right sides (46o) and the second rotary blade (46i) constitute the foliage cutting device (47), and the first rotary blade (46o) and the second rotary blade (46i) are constituted by disk blades having different edge shapes , Below the first rotary blade (46o) An extrusion disk (49) for extruding the edible portion of the cut root vegetable is provided, and protrusions having different sizes are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the extrusion disk (49), or the extrusion disk (49) is rotated for the first time. A root crop harvesting machine characterized in that it is provided eccentric to the rotation axis of the blade (46o) .

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The invention according to claim 2 provides a spacer (48) between the first rotary blade (46o) and the extrusion disk (49), and the spacer (48) has the same diameter as the first rotary blade (46o), or The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the root vegetable harvesting machine has a smaller diameter than the first rotary blade (46o) and a blade edge formed on the outer peripheral edge of the spacer (48) .

Invention 請 Motomeko 3 described, wherein characterized in that the interchangeable with the first rotating blade (46o) and Either or rotating blades different both of the cutting edge shape of the second rotary blade (46i) Item 1. A root vegetable harvester according to item 1 or 2 .

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According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the first rotary blade (46o) or the second rotary blade (46i) is constituted by two saw disk blades whose outer peripheral edges are substantially arc-shaped when the overlapping phase is changed. The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that

Invention 請 Motomeko 5 described, the outer periphery of the first rotary blade (46o) or second rotating blade (46i), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the formation of the direction of thickness irregularity A root crop harvester was used.

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According to inventions of claim 1 wherein the first rotating blade (46o) and a second rotating blade (46i) and foliage clamping and conveying device (45i, 45o) by the adjustable upper and lower distance between, first It is possible to select whether the first rotary blade (46o) and the second rotary blade (46i) cut the stems and leaves of the root vegetables or the edible portion, and the cutting amount can be changed.
Moreover, since the root vegetables are extruded by the extrusion disc (49) at the same time as the foliage is cut, the directions of the root vegetables that are pushed out and fall can be aligned, so that the transport efficiency of the root vegetables is improved.
Then, the extrusion disk (49) is provided eccentric to the rotation axis of the first rotary blade (46o) or the second rotary blade (46i), or irregularities having different sizes are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the extrusion disk (49). By doing so, it is possible to prevent the extruded disk (49) from constantly contacting the root vegetables, so that the timing at which the root vegetables are extruded is dispersed.
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the spacer (48) has the same diameter as the first rotary blade (46o) or a smaller diameter than the first rotary blade (46o). By doing so, it is possible to prevent the extrusion disk (49) from sticking to the first rotary blade (46o) so that it does not come into contact with the crop, or the extrusion disk (49) moving up and down to change the pushing force. In addition, root vegetables having a cut foliage or trunk can be reliably blown in the same direction.
In addition, by forming the cutting edge at the outer peripheral edge of the spacer (48), cutting can be performed even when the stem or leaf portion or edible portion of the root vegetable comes into contact.
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the cutting edge shapes of the first rotating blade (46o) and the second rotating blade (46i) are made different from each other. By making it replaceable, either blade can reliably cut the foliage part or the edible part according to the cutting position of the root vegetables.
According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, when the phase of overlapping the first rotary blade (46o) and the second rotary blade (46i) is changed, the outer peripheral edge is changed. By configuring with two saw disk blades having a substantially arc shape, the foliage part or the edible part can be efficiently cut.

According to inventions of claim 5, wherein, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, the outer peripheral edge in the thickness direction unevenness of the first rotary blade (46o) or second rotating blade (46i) By forming, the fragments of the edible part generated at the time of cutting do not collect on the outer peripheral edge, and continuous harvesting work is possible.

Side view of root crop harvester Top view of root crop harvesting machine Rear view of root crop harvester Side view of main parts of root crop harvesting machine Top view of root crop harvesting machine Side view of sorting / conveying section and storage section Front view of the main part of the foliage cutting part Plan view of the main part of the foliage cutting part Side view of the main part of the foliage cutting part Rear view of the main part of the foliage cutting part Side sectional view of the first embodiment showing the vertical position adjustment structure of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade Side sectional view of the second embodiment showing the vertical position adjustment structure of the first rotary blade and the second rotary blade Plan view of the disk blade of the first embodiment Side view of the disk blade of the first embodiment Plan view of the disk blade of the second embodiment The top view which shows attachment of the extrusion disk of 1st Example The top view which shows attachment of the extrusion disk of 2nd Example

Embodiments of the present invention will be described.
A carrot harvester shown as an example of a root crop harvesting machine is a traveling unit A for traveling the aircraft, a steering unit B on which the operator is boarded, and pulls out the carrots from the field on the left and right sides of the aircraft and conveys them to the upper rear side of the aircraft. The harvesting part C, the carrot taking over the carrot from the harvesting part C and transporting it to the rear of the machine while cutting the foliage part or the edible part, and the carrot falling from the foliage cutting part D remain in the carrot. An auxiliary operator sorts out the carrots that are being transported, while taking over the carrots from the takeover transport section E and transporting the carrots to the rear side of the body while processing the stems and leaves. It is comprised from the sorting conveyance part F and the accommodating part G which accommodates the carrot discharged | emitted from the sorting conveyance part F. Details of each part will be specifically described below.

First, the configuration of the traveling unit A will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the traveling section A includes a left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 on the front side of the body, left and right driven wheels 3 and 3 on the rear side of the body, and the left and right drive sprocket 2 below the body frame 1. , 2 and left and right driven wheels 3, 3 are wound around left and right belts 5, 5. The left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 of the left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to left and right drive shafts 9 and 9 extending from the transmission case 8 where the power of the engine 7 is transmitted to the left and right sides. The left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to the fuselage frame 1.

Next, the configuration of the control unit B will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a control unit frame 10 is attached to the upper right side of the body frame 1, a control seat 11 is attached to the control unit frame 10, and a control panel 12 is attached to the front side of the body. Then, a shift operation lever 13 for switching the forward / backward movement and traveling speed of the aircraft is attached to the control panel 12, and an elevation operation lever 14 for operating the left / right turning operation of the aircraft and the working height of the harvesting section C is attached.

  With the above-described configuration, by providing a control member that can perform a plurality of operations by one, such as the speed change operation lever 13 and the lifting operation lever 14, the operation of the airframe is facilitated, so that the operator's work can be reduced. .

Next, the configuration of the harvesting unit C will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, left and right driven pulleys 16 and 16 are rotatably mounted on the front side of the left and right pull-out frames 15 and 15, and left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17 are mounted on the rear side of the body. Between the pulleys 16, 16 and the left and right drive pulleys 17, 17, the left and right nipping and conveying belts 18, 18 for pulling out the carrots and conveying them to the rear part of the machine body are wound. 18 is tensioned so that the side surfaces of the left and right nipping and conveying belts 18 and 18 are pressed against each other to form a carrot pulling and conveying path R. A rotating frame 20 that can be rotated in the vertical direction is attached to the upper side of the body frame 1 with the left and right horizontal shaft 21 as a rotation fulcrum, and is attached to the left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17 at the rear end of the rotating frame 20. A transmission case 22 for transmitting the driving force is attached so as to be rotatable up and down around the rotation fulcrum X. Further, the body frame 1 and the rotating frame 20 are connected by an elevating cylinder 23, and the elevating cylinder 23 is operably attached by a control part B to constitute a pulling and conveying device 24.

  Further, a vertical elevating device 25 that causes a carrot foliage portion to be raised by a vertical lug 25a in front of the drawing and conveying device 24, and a horizontal elevating device 26 that raises the foliage portion raised by the vertical elevating device 25 by a horizontal lug 26a. When the handle 29 is turned, a rotatable gauge ring 31 is provided at the lower end portion of the telescopic rod 30 that vertically expands and contracts to prevent the pulling and conveying device 24 from descending too much.

  Further, left and right solitary frames 32, 32 are attached from substantially lower positions in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage from the lower front side of the fuselage frames 15, 15, and left and right vibrations are attached to the front ends of the sora frames 32, 32. The front end portions of the arms 33 and 33 are attached. A vibration shaft 34 that rotates in response to the driving force of the engine 7 is extended toward the pulling / conveying device 24 on the front side of the body frame 1, and the vibration shaft 34 and the rear end portions of the vibration arms 33 and 33 are arranged. A vibrating rod 35 having a V-shape in a side view for vibrating the vibrating arms 33 and 33 is attached to constitute a vibrating device 36. The vibration arm 33 inside the machine body is rotatably attached to the lower end side of the vibration rod 35.

  Then, left and right soilers 37, 37 that cut through the soil around the carrots are attached to the connecting portion between the solitary frames 32, 32 and the vibrating arms 33, 33 toward the front side of the machine body. The vibration device 36 is configured by attaching the base portions of the left and right earth retaining stays 38 and 38 inside the portion where the base portions 37 and 37 are attached.

  In addition, if the said soira 37 is comprised from the blade part 37b which penetrates into the soil and unravels the soil around the carrot, and the arc-shaped attachment part 37a which goes back and upwards from this blade part 37b, the soira 37 will be the soil. Since the resistance applied when entering the inside is dispersed and reduced, the aircraft progresses smoothly and the work efficiency improves, and it is matched to the difference in field conditions due to soil quality and weather, and the type and growth state of carrots. Thus, the vertical position adjustment of the soiler 37 can be easily performed, so that carrots can be easily digged and the work efficiency can be improved.

  Further, since the rotation speed of the vibration shaft 34 that vibrates the vibration device 36 is not linked to the speed change operation of the transmission case 8, the vibration width does not change even when the traveling speed is low. Since the left and right soilers 37 can be vibrated with the same width even during the work, the work efficiency is improved, and the soil around the carrots is cut out, so there is less leftover, so it is left behind after the harvesting work. The work of removing the carrots is omitted, and the labor of the worker is reduced.

  Moreover, earthing brushes 39, 39 using synthetic resin such as polypropylene and acrylic, or natural materials such as cocoons and sheep teeth are attached to the rear portions of the earthing stays 38, 38. If the hairs of the same length are used for the top and bottom of the earthing brushes 39 and 39, the upper and lower sides of the earthing brushes 39 and 39 are switched when the upper hairs that often come into contact with carrots are worn. If this is the case, the hair that has not been worn can be brought into contact with the carrots, so that the soil brushes 39 and 39 can be made to last for a long time.

  Further, the left and right intervals of the earthing brushes 39, 39 are arranged so that the front side of the airframe is widest and the width W1 becomes narrower toward the rear side of the airframe, and the narrowest part width of the earthing brushes 39, 39 is narrowest. W2 is configured to face left and right.

  And the front end part of the left and right soilers 37, 37 crawls up and down the left and right lifting projections 40, 40 that crawl up the foliage hanging in the field, and the front part is located in front of the lateral lugs 26 a of the device 26. Arrange to do. Further, the left and right guide bars 41, 41 that guide the stems and leaves scooped up by the ridge protrusions 40, 40 to the front side of the ridge protrusions 40, 40 to the holding start end of the pulling and conveying device 24 are shown in a plan view. The guide bars 41 are attached so that the left and right spacing between the guide bars 41 decreases toward the rear side of the machine body.

  When the guide bars 41 and 41 are made of a cylindrical elastic material having a high degree of flexibility such as a piano wire and having a certain degree of hardness, the vibration width is increased and the effect of preventing the tangles from being entangled is improved.

  Further, left and right weed bodies 42, 42 that are wider than the above-mentioned ridge protrusions 40, 40 and cover the upper surfaces of the ridge protrusions 40, 40 in a tilted rearward posture are provided. In addition, the space part in which the said guide bars 41 and 41 protrude is formed in the upper part of the weed bodies 42 and 42. As shown in FIG.

  Further, a tail cutting device that cuts a carrot beard tail portion being transported by the pulling / conveying device 24 on the machine frame 1 below the pulling / conveying passage R and behind the rear end portions of the earth dropping brushes 39, 39. By attaching 43, the harvesting section C is configured.

Next, the foliage cutting part D will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 9, left and right transmission shafts 94, 94 that transmit driving force are attached to the transmission case 22, and left and right transmission cases 95, 95 are attached to the upper portions of the left and right transmission shafts 94, 94. At the same time, left and right first gear units 96, 96 configured by engaging a plurality of gears in the left and right transmission cases 95, 95 are attached toward the front side of the machine body. In addition, left and right second gear units 97 and 97 are attached to the left and right transmission shafts 94 and 94 inside the transmission case 22 toward the rear side of the machine body, and the left and right second gear units 97 and 97 have left and right first outputs at the rear ends. The shafts 98 and 98 are attached to the upper side of the machine body.

  The left and right second output shafts 99, 99 are attached to the front end portions of the left and right first gear units 96, 96 so as to face the lower side of the fuselage, and the left and right shoulder output pulleys 100, 99 are attached to the left and right second output shafts 99, 99, respectively. Attach 100. Further, left and right shoulder-aligned driven pulleys 101 and 101 are provided at the lower front ends of the left and right transmission cases 95 and 95, and left and right shoulder-aligned driven pulleys 101 and 101 are provided. A plurality of left and right shoulder tension pulleys 103, 103,... Then, the left and right shoulder alignment driven belts 101 and 101, the left and right shoulder alignment drive pulleys 100 and 100, and the left and right shoulder alignment tension pulleys 103 and 103 are wound endlessly. Accordingly, a pair of shoulder aligning devices 44i and 44o that align the cutting positions of the carrot foliage inherited from the pulling / conveying device 24 to be substantially constant are configured below the conveying terminal portion side of the pulling / conveying device 24. The

Further, left and right foliage transport driving pulleys 106 and 106 are pivotally attached to the left and right first output shafts 98 and 98, and left and right above the left and right first gear units 96 and 96 and above the shoulder aligning devices 44i and 44o. The foliage driven pulleys 107 and 107 are rotatably attached. The left and right foliage transport belts 108 and 108 are wound endlessly around the left and right foliage transport driving pulleys 106 and 106 and the left and right foliage transport driven pulleys 107 and 107 to thereby remove the ginseng foliage from the pulling and transporting device 24. A leaflet conveyance device 109 that takes over and discharges to the rear of the machine body is configured on the outer periphery of the upper part of the left and right transmission cases 95, 95 and below the conveyance end portion side of the drawing conveyance device 24. (Here, “extracted leaves” means cut stems and leaves.)
Further, left and right remaining leaf conveyance drive pulleys 110 and 110 are pivotally attached to the upper ends of the left and right first output shafts 98 and 98, and the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driven pulleys 111 and 111 are rotated above the left and right transmission cases 95 and 95, respectively. A plurality of left and right remaining leaf conveyance tension pulleys 112, 112... Are attached between the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driving pulleys 110, 110 and the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driven pulleys 111, 111. Then, left and right remaining leaf conveyance belts 113 and 113 are wound endlessly around the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driving pulleys 110 and 110, the left and right remaining leaf conveyance driven pulleys 111 and 111, and the left and right remaining leaf conveyance tension pulleys 112 and 112. Thus, the remaining leaf transport device 114 that sandwiches the upper part of the foliage and transports it to the rear of the machine body is configured above the defoliation transport device 109.

The defoliation transport device 109 and the remaining leaf transport device 114 constitute a pair of foliage sandwiching transport devices 45i and 45o on the outside of the body.
Then, the carrot foliage being transferred to the drive shaft 28 projecting downward from the first gear unit 96 outside the machine body constituting the foliage conveying apparatus 45o outside the machine body and behind the shoulder aligning device 44o outside the machine body is cut. The disk-shaped first rotary blade 46o is attached to the drive shaft 28 that protrudes downward from the first gear unit 96 inside the machine body behind the shoulder aligning device 44i inside the machine body and inside the machine body constituting the foliage conveying device 45i inside the machine body. A disk-shaped second rotary blade 46i for cutting the carrot foliage being transported is attached to be rotationally driven, and the second rotary blade 46i is disposed below the first rotary blade 46o to provide a foliage cutting device 47. Configure. The first cutting blade 46o and the second cutting blade 46i are arranged so that the outer peripheral edges overlap, and are rotated so as to sandwich the root vegetables on the front side, and the first rotating blade 46o and the second rotating blade 46i are on the outer periphery. An arc-shaped circular blade with a smooth cutting edge and a saw-round blade with an uneven outer peripheral cutting edge are combined.

  Further, a spacer 48 thicker than the plate thickness of the first cutting blade 46o and the second cutting blade 46i is mounted below the second cutting blade 46i and below the drive shaft 28 of the first cutting blade 46o. The ginseng edible portion before cutting is elastically deformed by being contacted from the side, and the ginseng after cutting is orthogonal to the conveying direction of the foliage sandwiching and conveying devices 45i and 45o by elastic restoring force. A push-out disk 49 is attached to the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57, which will be described later, and dropped in a state where the shoulder portion of the carrot is directed to the inner side of the body where the remaining leaf processing roller 56 is disposed. The extrusion disk 49 is formed of an elastic body that is easily deformed and has strong elastic force, such as rubber, and is configured to rotate together with the first cutting blade 46o. The spacer 48 has an outer diameter that does not contact the largest diameter carrot.

Note that the spacer 48 may be a disk blade.
Further, if the extruded disk 49 has substantially the same diameter as the first cutting blade 46o or a slightly larger diameter than the first cutting blade 46o, the extruded disk 49 can easily come into contact with the ginseng shoulder, and the ginseng shoulder becomes the fuselage. It is possible to make the posture facing inward, and the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 reliably processes the leaf and leaf portion remaining on the root portion, so that it is not necessary to remove this leaf and leaf portion in a subsequent process, and the work efficiency is improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the extrusion disk 49 is eccentrically attached inside the outer circumference of the first rotary blade 46o, and is prevented from rotating in synchronization with the ginseng planting interval. To be distributed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the outer periphery of the extrusion disk 49 is partially made uneven so that large and small carrots can be easily skipped.
Furthermore, the extrusion disk 49 may be formed in a dish shape with the outer peripheral edge facing downward, or may be softened by providing a slit on the outer peripheral edge.

The extrusion disk 49 can be removed as appropriate.
Since the average thickness of the first cutting blade 46o and the second cutting blade 46i is about 1 mm, the thickness of the spacer 48 is about 2 mm, so that the first cutting blade 46o and the second cutting blade 46i are formed on the extrusion disk 49. It becomes difficult to entrain.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i are attached to the drive shaft 28. As shown in FIG. 11, the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) is driven and rotated. An attachment member 81 for attaching and fixing the blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i, and an adjustment knob 82 for adjusting the height position of the attachment member 81 are provided. The attachment member 81 rotates integrally with the drive shaft 28 and has a shaft core. The adjustment knob 82 is engaged with the drive shaft 28 via screw portions 82c and 28b, is rotatable with respect to the attachment member 81, and slides in the axial direction integrally with the attachment member 81. It is configured as possible. The outer periphery of the adjustment knob 82 is hexagonal so that it can be easily turned. The hexagonal corner may be cut slightly.

  A nipple 92 is attached to the lower end of the drive shaft 28 via a washer 91, and grease is supplied to the prism portion 28a through an oiling hole provided in the center of the drive shaft 28. The washer 91 prevents the adjustment knob 82 from coming off.

  Therefore, the attachment member 81 moves up and down by an easy operation of simply rotating the adjustment knob 82, and the cutting height of the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i, that is, the root vegetable stem and leaf portion sandwiching and conveying device 45i. , 45o can be adjusted, and the body of the foliage can be cut or the edible part near the shoulder can be cut or changed.

  Further, since the rotation regulating means (spring 82a and ball 82b) for regulating the rotation of the adjustment knob 82 with respect to the drive shaft 28 is provided, the adjustment knob 82 rotates with respect to the drive shaft 28 during the drive rotation of the drive shaft 28. Thus, the cutting height of the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i is prevented from changing, and the cutting process can be performed accurately. The position where the rotation restricting means (spring 82a and ball 82b) is provided is provided toward the apex having the maximum hexagonal diameter.

  The rotation restricting means can be configured to integrally fix the adjustment knob 82 with respect to the drive shaft 28 in the rotation direction, and when the adjustment knob 82 attempts to rotate more than a certain angle with respect to the drive shaft 28, It can also be configured to increase the resistance to rotation.

  In the illustrated example, by taking the latter configuration, when adjusting the cutting height of the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i, it is not necessary to release the rotation restricting means, and resistance to the rotation restricting means is reduced. Accordingly, the adjustment can be performed simply by rotating the adjustment knob 82 with respect to the drive shaft 28, and the adjustment operation can be performed very easily. Further, when the fixing of the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) with respect to the mounting member 81 is released (screwing is removed in the illustrated example), the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i are moved to the rotation center side. The size of the hole and the size of the adjustment knob 82 are set so that the formed hole can pass through the adjustment knob 82. Accordingly, the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) can be removed without removing the adjustment knob 82, and the rotary blade can be easily replaced.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the vertical movement fixing means for the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i. An attachment member 81 is inserted into a rotation preventing prismatic portion 28a formed in the lower part of the drive shaft 28 so as to be movable only in the axial direction, and the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) is fixed to the attachment member 81. At the same time, the adjustment knob 82 for positioning the attachment member 81 up and down is attached to the screw portion 28b at the lower end of the drive shaft 28 by screwing a screw hole 82c formed in the lower portion of the adjustment knob 82. The adjustment knob 82 is provided with a rotation restricting means by a ball 82b that is elastically pressed by a spring 82a that can roll on the outer periphery of the prism portion 28a. Between the support portion 27c that holds the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) and the attachment member 81, an engagement sphere 83 is interposed so that the support portion 27c and the attachment member 81 rotate integrally. The movement of the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) side in the direction of the rotation axis is restricted by the retaining ring 83a, and the groove formed on the lower outer periphery of the mounting member 81 and the upper portion of the adjustment knob 82 Engagement spheres 84 are interposed in holes formed at a plurality of positions in the rotation direction on the side, and a retaining ring 84a is attached so that the engagement spheres 84 do not fly out. As a result, the adjustment knob 82 is rotatable with respect to the mounting member 81 and can slide in the axial direction integrally with the mounting member 81.

  In the longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 12, the left half side of the cross section is in the rotation adjustment state, and the right half side of the cross section is in the rotation fixed state. A fixing sleeve 85 and a large-diameter portion 86 at the lower end thereof are fixed to the lower portion of the drive shaft 28 via a non-rotating rectangular column portion 28a. In the fixed sleeve 85, the outer peripheral surface is equally divided to form an engaging groove 85a ... by an axial groove, and the first rotary blade 46o (second rotary blade 46i) is supported by a screw portion 85b formed below the fixed groove 85. The cylindrical part 87 connected to the part 27d is screwed together. A through hole 87b is formed in the cylindrical portion 87, and the engaging sphere 87a that can be interposed between the locking grooves 85a of the fixing sleeve 85 is provided to be able to advance and retreat from the through hole 87b. Is provided with a slide sleeve 88 for controlling the advancement and retraction of the engaging sphere 87a.

  The slide sleeve 88 is configured to be slidable in the axial direction by an engaging sphere 88 a interposed in an axial groove 87 c formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 87. The slide sleeve 88 has a lower stroke position range from the upper limit position reaching the support portion 27d at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 87 to the large diameter portion 86, and a coil spring 89 is provided to bias the slide sleeve 88 to the lower limit position. Further, a taper 88b for controlling the advancement and retraction of the engagement sphere 87a of the cylinder portion 87 is formed. This taper 88b restrains the engagement sphere 87a in the inner locking groove 85a... At the lower limit position of the slide stroke. On the other hand, the inclined surface is formed so as to restrict the rotation of the portion 87 and release the restraint of the engaging sphere 87a at the upper limit position of the slide stroke to permit the rotation of the support portion 27d.

  With the above configuration, the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i are moved up and down to narrow or widen the distance between the foliage sandwiching and conveying devices 45i and 45o (specifically, the shoulder aligning devices 44i and 44o). The foliage part is cut and the edible part is cut.

  A bellows 90 that covers the drive shaft 28 is provided between the first gear unit 96 and the first rotary blade 46o and between the first gear unit 96 and the fixed sleeve 85 of the second rotary blade 46i so that the leaf does not wind. I have to.

The adjustment knob 82 and the slide sleeve 88 are preferably hollow in order to reduce the inertial force.
Since the first rotary blade 46o located outside the machine body can be easily replaced from the outside of the machine body, as shown in FIG. 14, two saw disk blades NH1 and NH2 are attached in a stacked state, and the upper and lower saw disk blades NH1 and NH2 are attached. Suitable for cutting the edible part by matching the mounting phase and making the outer periphery a saw blade shape with large irregularities, or by shifting the phase and making the outer periphery a circular blade shape with little or no unevenness and suitable for cutting foliage It is good to do. The two saw disk blades NH1 and NH2 may have the same or different outer peripheral saw blades.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i may be formed into a saw-tooth shape by providing a recess K in the outer peripheral circular peripheral edge and wearing the tip. Moreover, you may make the 1st rotary blade 46o and the 2nd rotary blade 46i into the shape which made the outer periphery blade edge waved in the thickness direction. The disk blade having the outer peripheral edge waved may be only the first rotary blade 46o outside the machine body, and when the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i are disk blades having the outer peripheral edge waved, You may make it sharpen by making a tip crossing part contact.

It is also conceivable that the first rotary blade 46o and the second rotary blade 46i are provided on the second output shaft 99 of the shoulder alignment conveyor belt 104.
A regulation plate 50 is provided on the rear side of the foliage cutting device 47 to regulate a change in the falling posture of the carrot having the foliage cut, below the foliage cutting device 47 and above a remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 to be described later. The cushion plate 51 that receives the falling carrot is disposed along the conveyance direction of the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 at least on the lower side in the conveyance direction than the carrot fall position.

  If the restriction plate 50 and the cushion plate 51 are made of a soft material such as rubber or vinyl chloride, the carrot can be prevented from being damaged by the impact of a collision, and the commercial value of the carrot can be improved.

  Further, a foliage shooter 52 that discharges the foliage cut by the foliage cutting device 47 from the terminal ends of the foliage nipping and conveying devices 45i and 45o on the inner and outer sides of the machine body to the field is provided to constitute the foliage cutting portion D.

  With the above configuration, the extrusion disk 49 mounted below the rotation shaft 80 of the first cutting blade 46o outside the machine body is elastically deformed when it comes into contact with the crop before cutting the foliage, and the carrot after cutting the foliage is elastically restored. Since the carrot shoulders which are left uncut and left by cutting can be directed toward the inside of the machine body, which is perpendicular to the conveyance path of the foliage pinching and conveying devices 45i and 45o, the residual leaf processing conveyor 57 The remaining leaf processing roller 56 provided in the can reliably remove the foliage portion, and there is no need to remove the foliage portion in a subsequent process, thereby improving the work efficiency. Since this extrusion disk 49 is provided on the outside of the machine body, it is not pushed out toward the outside of the machine body if it is a carrot that has been normally nipped and conveyed by the drawing / conveying device 24.

  In addition, by providing a regulating plate 50 for restricting the change in the fall posture of the carrot with the foliage cut off on the rear side of the foliage cutting device 47, the posture of the carrot can be prevented from changing during the fall. The leaf and leaf portion remaining on the shoulder portion can be reliably removed by the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57, and there is no need to remove the leaf and leaf portion in a subsequent process, thereby improving work efficiency.

  And by providing the cushion plate 51 which receives the carrot which has fallen below the foliage cutting device 47 and above the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57, it is possible to prevent the carrot from being damaged by the impact of the drop. Value is improved.

  In addition, the carrot pushed out to the extrusion disk 49 falls from the lower end (hereinafter referred to as “tail”), but if it falls on the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 that continues to move in a certain direction during the harvesting operation, the remaining leaf Due to the conveying force of the processing conveyor 57, the shoulder may face the opposite side of the conveying direction. However, since the cushion plate 51 is provided above the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57, the carrot is placed on the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 after coming into contact with the cushion plate 51 and taking a posture along the conveying direction of the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57. Therefore, the foliage portion can be reliably removed by the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57, and there is no need to remove the foliage portion in a subsequent process, thereby improving the work efficiency.

  Furthermore, the leaf cutting shooter 52 that discharges the cut leaves and leaves cut from the carrots by the foliage cutting device 47 to the field is inclined downward so that the leaves and leaves are discharged to the side where the already excavated side carrots have been harvested. So that the discharged foliage falls onto the carrot on the side not harvesting the unexcavated side carrot, and the drainage leaves the left and right clamping conveyor belts 18, 18 and the left and right driven pulleys 16, 16, etc. Since the entanglement can stop the harvesting section C and prevent the harvesting operation from being hindered, the work efficiency can be improved, and it is possible to prevent the fallen leaves falling on the carrot from hindering the visibility of the carrot to be harvested.

Next, the takeover conveyance unit E will be described.
A front and rear residual leaf processing frame 53 is provided below the stem and leaf cutting device 47, and left and right residual leaf processing rollers 54 and 54 are rotatably mounted between the front and rear sides of the front and rear residual leaf processing frame 53. Then, a remaining leaf processing belt 55 made of an elastic material such as rubber or urethane is wound endlessly around the left and right remaining leaf processing rollers 54, 54, and the remaining portion of the carrot root remaining on the upper portion of the remaining leaf processing belt 55. A remaining leaf processing roller 56 is attached to the leaf with the remaining leaf processing belt 55 to rotate and cut away, and the remaining leaves of the carrots taken over from the stem and leaf cutting part D are processed and conveyed from the outer side to the left and right side while processing the remaining leaves. A leaf processing conveyor 57 is configured.

  In addition, a grid-like pedestal 58 for receiving the crop that has fallen to the front side of the machine body from the foliage cutting device 47 is provided on the start end side of the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 and on the front side of the machine body in a downward inclined posture, A scooping conveyance drive roller 59 is provided on the inner side of the machine body from the cradle 58, and a scooping conveyance driven roller 60 is provided on the left and right other side. Then, the pumping conveyance belt 61 is wound endlessly around the pumping conveyance driving roller 59 and the pumping conveyance driven roller 60 in front of the machine body and adjacent to the residual leaf processing conveyor 57 with respect to the residual leaf processing conveyor 57, A pumping conveyer 62 is formed which takes over the carrot from the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 and the cradle 58 and pumps it to the left and right sides of the machine body.

A takeover conveyance section E is constituted by the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 and the scooping conveyance conveyor 62 provided in the upward inclined posture.
With the above configuration, the remaining leaf processing roller 56 constituting the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 transports the carrots to the pumping conveyor 62 while cutting off the remaining leaves of the carrots cut and cut by the stem and leaf cutting device 47. The value is improved and the work of manually cutting the remaining leaves after the harvesting work can be omitted, and the work efficiency is improved.

  In addition, the remaining leaf processing belt 55 constituting the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or urethane, so that the remaining leaf processing belt can be used even if the carrot having its leaves cut off by the foliage cutting device 47 falls. Since 55 reduces the impact of the drop, the carrot is prevented from being damaged by the impact of the drop, and the quality of the carrot is improved.

  Then, by providing a grid-like pedestal 58 on the starting end side of the remaining leaf processing conveyor 57 and on the front side of the machine body in a descending inclined posture, the foliage part fell off on the front side of the machine body from the foliage cutting device 47 and dropped. The carrot can be received without being dropped outside the machine, and the received carrot can be moved toward the pumping conveyer 62, so that the work of collecting the carrot that has fallen outside the machine after the harvesting work is omitted. The labor of the operator is reduced, and the carrot that has fallen on the front side of the machine body relative to the foliage cutting device 47 can be returned to the transport path, so that the work efficiency is improved.

Next, the sorting and conveying unit F will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 6, left and right sorting and conveying frames 63 and 63 are attached to the rear portion of the control unit B, and a sorting and conveying drive roller 64 is provided between the left and right of the left and right sorting and conveying frames 63 and 63 on the front side of the machine body. A sorting / conveying driven roller 65 is rotatably attached to the rear side of the machine body relative to the sorting / conveying driving roller 64. A sorting / conveying tension roller 66 is rotatably mounted between the sorting / conveying drive roller 64 and the sorting / conveying driven roller 65. Then, an elastic belt 67 having a plurality of elastic protrusions is wound endlessly around the sorting / conveying drive roller 64, the sorting / conveying driven roller 65, and the sorting / conveying tension roller 66, so that the sorting / conveying in a rearwardly inclined posture is performed. A conveyor 68 is configured. Further, the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 is arranged so that the starting end portion is located below the end of the scooping conveyor 62 of the takeover conveying unit E.

  Further, by attaching the shooter 69 to the rotating shaft of the sorting and transporting follower roller 65 so that the shooter 69 can be pivoted up and down, and by attaching the operation lever 70 for pivoting the shooter 69 up and down on the left and right outer sides of the shooter 69, the sorting and transporting section F Composed.

  As described above, by providing the shooter 69 so as to be rotatable up and down, when the shooter 69 is rotated downward, the carrot is gently dropped into a container 73 such as a container or a flexible container bag installed in the container G described later. As a result, it is possible to prevent the carrot from being damaged by the impact of a drop and to improve the product value of the carrot.

  Further, when the shooter 69 is turned upward, it becomes a stopper that closes the terminal end side of the sorting and conveying conveyor 68. Therefore, when replacing a container full of carrots, the carrot can be moved without stopping the sorting and conveying conveyor 68. Since it is possible to prevent the carrot from falling from the end portion, it is necessary to prevent the carrot from being damaged by the impact of the drop and improve the quality of the carrot, and it is necessary to frequently turn the power of the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 on and off. The work efficiency is improved.

  Further, the carrot accumulates on the terminal side of the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 by stopping the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 by turning the shooter 69 upward to make it a stopper. Since the carrots that have been brought into contact with the carrots staying at the conveyance start end of the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 are prevented from being damaged, the product value of the carrots is improved.

  Further, by attaching an operation lever 70 for turning the shooter 69 up and down on the left and right outer sides of the shooter 69, the auxiliary worker can turn the shooter 69 up and down while sitting on an auxiliary work seat 78 described later. The labor of auxiliary workers is reduced.

Next, the accommodating part G is demonstrated.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, left and right support frames 71 and 71 are provided below the left and right sorting and conveying frames 63 and 63, and one end of a telescopic damper 72 is attached to the left and right support frames 71 and 71. And while attaching the container container stand 74 which installs the container 73 which accommodates the carrot in the rear lower part of the right-and-left sorting conveyance frames 63 and 63, the flexible container bag, the bag body, etc., it can be rotated up and down and in an upward inclined posture, The other end of the damper 72 is attached to the storage container mount 74.

  In addition, a preliminary storage container mount 75 for installing a preliminary storage container 73 at the rear end of the storage container mount 74 is attached in a vertically tilting posture so as to be rotatable up and down. Furthermore, a container container stand 76 for loading a container 73 containing carrots that are long in the front-rear direction of the machine is located on the other side of the machine from the left and right sides of the machine than the container container 74, the sorting conveyor 68, and the right crawler 6R. Install.

  Then, a support frame 77 that is bent over the upper side of the storage container stacking table 76 and toward the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 is attached to the outside of the machine body of the storage container stacking table 76, and an auxiliary worker is mounted on the support frame 77. Auxiliary work seat 78 is seated. And the 2nd preliminary storage container stand 79 which installs the preliminary storage container 73 in the rear part of the storage container loading table 76 is attached, and the storage part G is configured.

  As described above, by attaching the other end of the telescopic damper 72 to the storage container mount 74 provided in the upward inclined posture, the storage container mount 74 descends as the carrot is stored in the storage container 73 and becomes heavier. Therefore, since ginseng is prevented from being biased to a part of the storage container 73, the frequency of replacement of the storage container 73 is reduced, and the labor of the operator is reduced.

  In addition, by providing a preliminary storage container mounting base 75 for installing a preliminary storage container 73 at the rear of the storage container mounting base 74, the damper 72 extends when the storage container 73 full of carrots is removed from the storage container mounting base 74. Since the storage container stand 74 returns to the upward inclined posture and the storage container 74 installed on the preliminary storage container stand 75 slides on the storage container stand 74, it is not necessary to manually install the storage container 73. The labor efficiency of the worker is reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

  The storage container loading platform 76 is attached to the left and right outer sides of the machine body so as to be foldable to the inside of the machine body, so that the container storage platform 76 can be folded inside the machine body when going to the field or when returning from the farm field. Since it can be made compact, it can be easily loaded on a small truck and the transportability is improved.

  Further, by providing an auxiliary work seat 78 on a support frame 77 that is bent toward the sorting and conveying conveyor 68 beyond the upper part of the storage container loading table 76, the auxiliary worker is positioned near the sorting and conveying conveyor 68. Since the sorting operation can be performed, the sorting accuracy is improved, and since the container 73 is not hindered from moving on the container container loading table 76, the work efficiency is improved.

  In addition, by attaching the second preliminary storage container stand 79 to the rear part of the storage container loading table 76, a large number of storage containers 73 can be mounted on the machine body, so that the harvesting operation is continued continuously for a long time. Work efficiency is improved.

2 4 Pull-out conveying device 45i Foliage pinching and conveying device 45o Foliage pinching and conveying device 46o First rotary blade 46i Second rotary blade 47 Foliage cutting device 48 Spacer 49 Extrusion disk

Claims (5)

Withdrawing conveying device for feeding transportable roots vegetables such (24) is provided, the drawing feeder (24) foliage clamping and conveying device for conveying rearward clamping the leaves and stems of the root vegetables to the rear in the conveying direction of the (45i, 45o) and a root crop harvesting machine provided with a stem and leaf cutting device (47) for cutting off the stem and leaf portion or edible portion of the root vegetable sandwiched and suspended by the stem and leaf portion sandwiching and conveying device (45i, 45o),
A first rotary blade (46o) and a first rotary blade (46o) for cutting and rotating close to each other so as to sandwich the root vegetables from the left and right sides while making it possible to adjust the vertical distance of the foliage cutting device (47) with respect to the foliage pinching and conveying device (45i, 45o). The two-cutting blade (46i) constitutes the foliage cutting device (47), and the first rotating blade (46o) and the second rotating blade (46i) are constituted by disk blades having different blade tip shapes ,
An extrusion disk (49) for extruding the edible portion of the root vegetables cut below the first rotary blade (46o) is provided, and protrusions having different sizes are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the extrusion disk (49), Alternatively , the root vegetable harvesting machine is characterized in that the extrusion disk (49) is provided eccentric to the rotation axis of the first rotary blade (46o) . A spacer (48) is provided between the first rotary blade (46o) and the extrusion disk (49), and the spacer (48) has the same diameter as the first rotary blade (46o) or from the first rotary blade (46o). The root crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 , wherein a cutting edge is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the spacer (48) . The root vegetables according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein one or both of the first rotary blade (46o) and the second rotary blade (46i) can be replaced with a rotary blade having a different blade edge shape. Harvester. Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it constitutes a first rotating blade (46o) or second rotating blade (46i), in two of the saw disc blade outer peripheral edge Changing the overlap phase is substantially arcuate A root crop harvesting machine as described in 1. The root crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein unevenness in the thickness direction is formed on an outer peripheral edge of the first rotary blade (46o) or the second rotary blade (46i) .

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