JP5677966B2 - セラミックシートをキャスティングするための方法および装置 - Google Patents
セラミックシートをキャスティングするための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5677966B2 JP5677966B2 JP2011534741A JP2011534741A JP5677966B2 JP 5677966 B2 JP5677966 B2 JP 5677966B2 JP 2011534741 A JP2011534741 A JP 2011534741A JP 2011534741 A JP2011534741 A JP 2011534741A JP 5677966 B2 JP5677966 B2 JP 5677966B2
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Description
焼成中に圧力を加えることなく、面積が約100cm2を超え厚さが約45マイクロメートル未満である薄く平坦な焼成セラミックシートを製造するためには、収縮およびプロセス応力の制御方法の独特の組み合わせが必要となる。プロセス中の各工程において均一に材料を供給することが重要である。この均一性がないと、焼成中に束縛されない本体が湾曲する。未焼結体、または焼成中の未焼結シートの上面から未焼結シートの底面までわずか1%の不均一性は、すべての不均一性が焼結中の応力/収縮の差に変換されるとすると、厚さ20マイクロメートルのジルコニア電解質シートの場合に約3mmの湾曲半径が生じうる。焼結中の「逆応力」のために、すべての不均一性が応力差に変換されるわけではなく、したがって湾曲またはゆがみに変換されるわけではない。このような条件下では、収縮の差ならびに湾曲またはゆがみの量は、1%の収縮のばらつきの場合に、約3〜10mm程度の湾曲半径となる。薄く平坦な電解質シートを得るためには、密度/焼結収縮のばらつきが1%を大きく下回ることが望ましい。しかし、剥離剤粉末を使用する積層などの束縛を行うと、残留剥離剤粉末が物体上に残留するか、物体内に欠陥が生じるかのいずれかとなる。このような技術は、より厚みのある物体に対して使用されている。本発明の目的は、大きな面積の薄い電解質シートを高歩留まりおよび最小限の欠陥で製造するための商業的に実施可能な方法を提供することである。
の通りである。バインダーを有する凝集スリップは、Bingham擬塑性と一般に呼ばれる粘弾性挙動を示し、降伏応力と、1ではないnの値の両方を有することが好ましい。降伏応力は、加荷重下での粒子の運動に対する抵抗性を示している。キャスティング中の粘度は、リザーバーからダイまで流れ、ダイから出るのに十分低い粘度である必要があり、一方、高い降伏応力、および剪断から解放された後での急速な粘度増加によって、キャスティング後にスリップが移動しなくなり、乾燥によって発生する剪断は、粒子の運動を開始するのには不十分となる。
Claims (10)
- 薄い自立セラミックシートの製造方法であって:
キャリアフィルムを、2cm/分〜500cm/分の速度で、キャスティングヘッドに近接して、かつテープキャスターのキャスティングベッドを通過するように引張る工程と;
前記キャスティングヘッドを使用して、セラミックスリップの薄膜を前記キャリアフィルム上に堆積する工程であって、前記キャリアフィルム上に堆積される前記セラミックスリップの薄膜が、厚さ150μm未満かつ幅15cm超であり、前記セラミックスリップが少なくとも体積当たり20重量%のセラミック固形分分率を有するように流体媒体中に分散した10μm未満の最終微結晶サイズを有するセラミック粉末を含む工程と;
前記キャリアフィルムが前記テープキャスターの乾燥室を通して引張られる時に、前記キャリアフィルム上に堆積した前記セラミックスリップを乾燥させて、未焼結セラミックシートを前記キャリアフィルム上に形成する工程であって、40フィート/分(約12m/分)〜3,000フィート/分(約910m/分)の速度で前記乾燥室に空気を通過させて前記乾燥室を150℃未満の温度に維持する工程と;
前記未焼結セラミックシートを粗面化されたセッター上で焼結する工程であって、焼結中には前記未焼結セラミックシート上に追加の重量は加えられない工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記キャリアフィルムが厚さ25μm〜厚さ250μmであり、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルム、コーティングされたポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルム、積層されたポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルム、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、ポリメチルペンテンフィルム、ポリフッ化ビニリデンフィルム、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンフィルム、超高分子量ポリエチレンフィルム、ポリイミドフィルム、または類似のポリマーフィルムを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記キャリアフィルムの帯電を軽減するために、前記キャリアフィルムを少なくとも1つの静電気拡散装置の近傍を通過させる工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記キャスティングヘッドが、25μm〜250μmに調節することができるスロット間隙を含むスロットダイを含み;
前記スロットダイが、300μm未満だけ前記キャリアフィルムから離れ、
水平に対して−25度〜25度の角度方向を含み;
0.01ml/cm/分〜2.2ml/cm/分の速度で前記セラミックスリップが前記キャリアフィルム上に堆積されるように、ギヤポンプを含むスリップ計量装置を使用して前記セラミックスリップが前記スロットダイに送出されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - (i)前記スリップ計量装置が、ギヤポンプと、前記スリップを収容するための加圧リザーバーとを含み;および/または(ii)方法が、前記セラミックスリップを製造する工程をさらに含み、前記セラミックスリップを製造する工程が:
分散剤とともに前記セラミック粉末をスリップ媒体中に分散させる工程と;
前記スリップ媒体中に分散したセラミック粉末に電荷調整剤を加える工程と;
バインダーおよび可塑剤を前記流体媒体に加える工程と;
前記セラミック粉末を前記スリップ媒体中に均質化させる工程と;
を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。 - (i)前記スリップ媒体が、メタノール、エタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、ブタノール、プロピレングリコール、エチレングリコール、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、2−メトキシエタノール、25℃における蒸気圧が5Torr(670Pa)を超え沸点が100℃未満であるその他の溶媒、またはそれらの組み合わせを含むものであること;
(ii)前記分散剤がリン酸エステルを含むものであること;
(iii)前記電荷調整剤が酢酸を含むものであること;
(iv)前記バインダーが:
(a) ポリビニルアルコール、アクリル類、ポリビニルブチラール、種々の分子量のポリエチレンオキシドまたはポリエチレングリコール、あるいはポリビニルピロリドン;
(b) ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、またはヒドロキシプロピルセルロースなどのセルロース誘導体類;
(c) 寒天ゴムまたはアラビアゴムなどのゴム類、アクリル類、ビニルアクリル類、アクリル酸類、ポリアクリルアミド類、またはデンプン類;
(d) 水性液体バインダー前駆体とのアクリルエマルジョンなどのエマルジョン、ポリメチルメタクリレートなどのアクリル類、あるいは多官能性酸類およびグリコール類などの縮合ポリマー;またはそれらの種々の組み合わせを含むものであること;および
(v)前記可塑剤が、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ブチルフェニル、低分子量ポリエチレングリコール、または、それらの組み合わせを含むものであること、という要件(i)乃至(v)のうち少なくとも1つの要件を満足し、
前記要件(iv)(d)が満たされたとき、前記セラミックスリップが1種類以上のバインダー前駆体を含み、加熱、乾燥、または放射線への曝露、あるいはそれらの組み合わせによって、前記バインダー前駆体が前記縮合ポリマーとともに前記バインダーを形成することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記セラミック粉末が、1μm未満の平均直径を有する微結晶を含むジルコニア粉末を含み;
前記セラミックスリップが、体積当たり45重量%を超えるジルコニア固形分分率を有し;
前記スリップ媒体が、前記セラミックスリップの重量%の単位で、70重量%を超えるエタノール、10重量%〜20重量%のブタノール、および6重量%未満のプロピレングリコールを含み;
前記分散剤が、前記セラミック粉末の重量%の単位で、6重量%未満のリン酸エステルを含み;
前記電荷調整剤が、2−プロパノールで1:1の比率で希釈された酢酸を含み;
前記バインダーが、前記セラミックスリップの重量%の単位で、10重量%未満のポリビニルブチラールを含み;
前記可塑剤が、前記バインダーの前記可塑剤に対する比が0.5〜3.5となるような、セラミックスリップの重量%の量でフタル酸ジブチルを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記セラミックスリップが前記キャリアフィルム上に堆積される前に、前記セラミックスリップが、第1のフィルターおよび第2のフィルターを含む2段フィルターで濾過され、ここで、前記第1のフィルターは、20μm未満のセラミック粒子凝集物を通過させ、前記第2のフィルターは、10μm未満のセラミック粒子凝集物を通過させ、それによって前記セラミックスリップは10μm未満のセラミック粒子凝集物を含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- (i)前記未焼結セラミックシートを焼結する工程が:
前記未焼結セラミックシートを、焼結炉中のセッター上に配置する工程であって、前記セッターが、2.6cm未満の厚さを有し、セッター間が4cm未満の間隔で離されており、焼結されているセラミックを保持する前記セッターにより、少なくとも50%の開放された周囲が得られる工程と;
前記焼結炉を1100℃〜1600℃の最高温度まで加熱し、前記焼結炉を前記最高温度で10時間未満維持することによって、前記未焼結セラミックシートを空気環境中で焼結する工程と;
を含むこと;
(ii)前記未焼結セラミックシートを分割する工程が:
前記未焼結セラミックシートに向けられた帯電防止装置の近傍で前記未焼結セラミックシートを帯電防止フィルム上に配置する工程と;
前記未焼結セラミックシートを真空ホルダーで保持する工程と;
円形の刃で前記未焼結セラミックシートを切断する工程と;
前記未焼結セラミックシートを前記キャリアフィルムから剥離する工程であって:
前記分割した未焼結セラミックシートを真空ホルダーで保持する工程と;
前記未焼結セラミックシートが5%未満延伸されるように、前記キャリアフィルムを前記分割された未焼結セラミックシートから取り外す工程と;
を含むこと、という要件(i)及び(ii)のうちの少なくとも1つの要件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 薄い自立の未焼結セラミックシートを形成するためのキャスティング装置であって、キャスティングベッド、キャスティングヘッド、キャリアフィルム支持体、乾燥室、キャリアフィルム送出ロール、キャリアフィルム巻き取りロール、および静電気拡散装置を含み:
前記乾燥室が、前記キャスティングベッドを覆って前記キャスティングベッドを取り囲んで配置され、排気口を含み、前記乾燥室の内部が、0℃〜150℃の温度に維持され、前記排気口は、40フィート/分(約12m/分)〜3,000フィート/分(約910m/分)で前記乾燥室を空気が通過するように操作可能であり;
前記キャスティングベッドを通過して引張られるキャリアフィルムが持ち上げられて、少なくとも50%の前記キャスティングベッドの上で支持されるように、前記キャリアフィルム支持体が前記乾燥室の中および前記テープキャスターの前記キャスティングベッドの上に配置され、;
前記キャリアフィルム送出ロールが前記キャスティングベッドの入口の近傍に配置され;
前記キャリアフィルム巻き取りロールが、前記キャスティングベッドの出口の近傍に配置され、キャリアフィルムが2cm/分〜500cm/分で前記キャスティングベッドを通過して引張られるように操作可能であり;
前記キャリアフィルムが前記静電気拡散装置に近接して通過するように、前記静電気拡散装置が、前記キャリアフィルム送出ロールまたは前記キャリアフィルム巻き取りロールの近傍に配置され;
前記キャリアフィルム送出ロールから引張られたキャリアフィルムが前記キャスティングベッドに入る前に前記キャスティングヘッドの近傍を通過するように、前記キャスティングヘッドが前記キャリアフィルム送出ロールの近傍に配置され、前記キャスティングヘッドは、前記キャリアフィルム上にセラミックスリップの薄膜を堆積するように操作可能であり、前記セラミックスリップは、前記セラミックスリップが体積当たり20重量%を超えるセラミック固形分分率を有するように流体媒体中に分散した10μm未満の最終微結晶サイズを有するセラミック粉末を含み、前記セラミックスリップの薄膜が、150μm未満の厚さおよび15cmを超える幅を有することを特徴とする装置。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19795508P | 2008-10-31 | 2008-10-31 | |
| US61/197,955 | 2008-10-31 | ||
| PCT/US2009/062495 WO2010051345A2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2009-10-29 | Methods and apparatus for casting ceramic sheets |
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| JP5677966B2 true JP5677966B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
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- 2009-10-29 JP JP2011534741A patent/JP5677966B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-10-29 EP EP09748196.4A patent/EP2361236B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-10-29 CN CN200980143708.XA patent/CN102203030B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8894920B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
| EP2361236B1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
| CN102203030A (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
| JP2012507420A (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
| EP2361236A2 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
| CN102203030B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
| WO2010051345A3 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
| WO2010051345A2 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
| US20110198785A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
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