JP5862490B2 - リチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5862490B2 JP5862490B2 JP2012151402A JP2012151402A JP5862490B2 JP 5862490 B2 JP5862490 B2 JP 5862490B2 JP 2012151402 A JP2012151402 A JP 2012151402A JP 2012151402 A JP2012151402 A JP 2012151402A JP 5862490 B2 JP5862490 B2 JP 5862490B2
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- positive electrode
- active material
- lithium
- phosphate glass
- lithium phosphate
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 57
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 48
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910012735 LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910012316 Li3.6Si0.6P0.4O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- -1 lithium phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 12
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
(実施例1)
[正極の作製]
正極活物質として平均粒径10μmのLiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2とリン酸リチウム系ガラスとして平均粒径1μmのLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラス(一般式:9/13Li2O−3/13SiO2−1/13P2O5)を、準備した。
負極は以下のように作製した。
上記の実施例1の正極および上記負極を用いて、ラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を製作した。詳しくは、正極および負極の間に、セパレータとしてポリプロピレン樹脂からなる矩形状シート(27×32mm、厚さ25μm)を挟装して極板群とした。この極板群を二枚一組のラミネートフィルムで覆い、三辺をシールした後、袋状となったラミネートフィルムに電解液を注入した。電解液としてエチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチルカーボネート(DEC)をEC:DEC=3:7(体積比)で混合した溶媒に1モルのLiPF6を溶解した溶液を用いた。その後、残りの一辺をシールすることで、四辺が気密にシールされ、極板群および電解液が密閉されたラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を得た。なお、正極および負極は外部と電気的に接続可能なタブを備え、このタブの一部はラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池の外側に延出している。以上の工程で、実施例1のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
正極材料において、LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2とLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスとの合計が100質量%としたときにLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスが0.5質量%となるように混合した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例2のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
正極材料において、LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2とLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスとの合計が100質量%としたときにLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスが1.0質量%となるように混合した以外は、実施例1と同様にして実施例3のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
正極材料において、Li3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスを入れなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして比較例1のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
正極材料において、LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2とLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスとの合計が100質量%としたときにLi3.6Si0.6P0.4O4ガラスが3.0質量%となるように混合した以外は実施例1と同様にして正極を作製したが、スラリーを集電体に塗る際にスラリーがゲル化し、塗工性が悪くてスラリーを集電体に塗工することができなかった。そのため正極を作製できなかった。
実施例1、実施例2、実施例3及び比較例1のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池の初期容量を測定した。電圧範囲を4.5V−3.0Vとしたときの容量を基準として、1時間で放電する電流レートを1Cレートとした。
初期容量測定に続いて、実施例1、実施例2、実施例3及び比較例1のラミネート型リチウムイオン二次電池のサイクル特性を評価した。サイクル特性の評価としては、以下の条件で充放電を繰り返したサイクル試験を行った。充電は、55℃において1Cレート、電圧4.5VでCCCV充電(定電流定電圧充電)をした。電圧は一時間保持した。放電は3.0V、1CレートでCC放電(定電流放電)を行った。この充放電を1サイクルとし、25サイクルまでサイクル試験を行った。その後温度を25℃に戻し、1Cレートにて放電容量を測定した。この放電容量をサイクル後容量とした。容量維持率(%)は以下の式で求めた。
各実施例及び比較例の初期容量、サイクル後容量及び容量維持率を表1に示す。またこの結果を比較するグラフを図2に示す。
Claims (3)
- 正極、負極、セパレータ及び電解液を有するリチウムイオン二次電池において、
該正極は、一般式: LiCopNiqMnrDsO2 (Dはドープ成分であり、Al、Mg、Ti、Sn、Zn、W、Zr、Mo、Fe及びNaから選ばれる少なくとも1つである、p+q+r+s=1、0≦p≦1、0≦q<1、0≦r<1、0≦s<1)で表される複合金属酸化物を含む正極活物質と、
リン酸リチウム系ガラスと、
を含み、
該正極活物質と該リン酸リチウム系ガラスを合計したものを100質量%とした時に該リン酸リチウム系ガラスの含有量が0.1質量%以上3質量%未満であり、
該リン酸リチウム系ガラスは一般式:9/13Li 2 O−3/13SiO 2 −1/13P 2 O 5 で示される組成を有し、
該正極の充電電位はリチウム基準で4.4V以上4.6V以下であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池。 - 該正極活物質は、LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2である請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 該リン酸リチウム系ガラスの含有量は2質量%以下である請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
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