JP5969832B2 - Concrete crushing method by blasting - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of crushing concrete as a crushing object by blasting.

  Conventionally, a method is known in which explosive loading holes are formed in the concrete to be crushed, the explosive loading holes are loaded with explosives, and the blasting operation is performed to explode explosives to crush the concrete (for example, Patent Document 1). ; See 2nd grade).

JP 2012-021700 A JP 2007-332669 A

When performing blasting work for crushing concrete, the purpose is to reduce the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point where the blasting vibration is to be reduced around the blasting work site as much as possible and to crush the concrete efficiently.
However, the conventional method cannot achieve the above object.
The present invention provides a concrete crushing method capable of reducing blasting vibration transmitted to a target point where blasting vibration is desired to be reduced in the vicinity of a blasting work site and capable of efficiently crushing concrete.

The concrete crushing method by blasting according to the present invention determines a target point where suppression of blasting vibration is to be suppressed around a blasting work site for crushing concrete to be crushed, and is formed at a point farthest from the target point in concrete. One explosive loading hole or a plurality of explosive loading holes including the one explosive loading hole is determined as a first group, and a plurality of explosive loading holes formed in concrete other than the first group explosive loading hole are divided into a plurality of groups. After blasting to explode the explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group, and then to explode explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of other groups, Blast vibration transmitted to the target point where you want to reduce blast vibration around the blasting work site can be reduced, and concrete can be used efficiently It can be broken into.
In addition, since the blasting work is sequentially performed from the group far from the target point after the first group blasting work, the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point can be further reduced, and the concrete can be more efficiently crushed.
In addition, after performing the blasting work of the first group, the blasting work of the group closest to the first group is performed, and then the blasting work of the group closest to the group that completed the blasting work is performed. In this way, the group that performs the blasting work after the group that finished the blasting work was decided to be the group closest to the group that finished the blasting work, so the blast vibration transmitted to the target point can be further reduced, and the concrete Can be more efficiently crushed.
In addition, since the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of each group other than the first group is larger than the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group, in each group other than the first group Concrete can be crushed more efficiently by blasting.
In addition, since the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group is smaller than the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of each group other than the first group, the blast vibration at the time of blasting of the first group The blast vibration transmitted to the target point can be further reduced.
Further, since the number of explosive loading holes of each group other than the first group is decreased as the group is farther from the target point, and the same amount of explosive is loaded in each explosive loading hole of each group, the first Concrete can be crushed more efficiently by blasting work in each group other than the group.

The perspective view which shows the concrete of the crushing object in embodiment. The top view of FIG. The perspective view which shows the experimental sample of concrete. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3. The figure which shows the experimental result using an experimental sample. The figure which shows the experimental result using an experimental sample.

The method for crushing concrete by blasting according to the embodiment includes a hole forming step for forming a plurality of explosive loading holes extending from one surface of the concrete to be crushed to the inside of the concrete so as to be arranged at intervals on one surface of the concrete, and crushing the concrete The target point setting step that determines the target point where you want to suppress the blasting vibration around the blasting work site and the multiple explosive loading holes formed in the concrete are grouped into multiple groups, and the point farthest from the target point A grouping step for determining a first group of a plurality of explosive loading holes including one explosive loading hole or one explosive loading hole located farthest from the target point, and explosives in each explosive loading hole of each group After loading, blast work to explode explosives in each explosive loading hole at different times for each group Unisaishite comprises after blasting of the first group, and the blasting step of blasting the other groups, the.
In the blasting operation step, the amount of explosive loaded in each group's explosive loading hole is loaded into the explosive loading hole of each group other than the first group. More than the amount of explosives to do. That is, the total amount of explosives used in each group other than the first group was made larger than the total amount of explosives used in the first group.
In addition, when performing blasting work for other groups, the blasting work must be completed after the condition that the blasting work is performed in order from the group far from the target point, and the group that performs the blasting work after the group that has completed the blasting work. The other groups are blasted so as to satisfy at least one of the conditions of deciding which group is closest to the other group.
By doing in this way, the blasting vibration transmitted to an object point can be reduced, and concrete can be crushed efficiently.

With reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 6, an example of the concrete crushing method by blasting of embodiment is demonstrated.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 extending from one surface 2 of the concrete 1 to be crushed to the inside of the concrete 1 are formed so as to be arranged at intervals on the first surface 2 of the concrete 1. And the target point 4 which wants to reduce blasting vibration around the blasting work site for crushing the concrete 1 is set.
When the plurality of explosive loading holes 3 formed in the concrete 1 are grouped into a plurality of groups, one explosive loading hole 3 located at the furthest point from the target point 4 or 1 farthest from the target point 4 One explosive loading hole 3 and one or more explosive loading holes 3 in the vicinity of the explosive loading hole 3 form a first group, and after loading explosives into each explosive loading hole of each group, When performing the blasting work (stage blasting work) for exploding the explosive in each explosive loading hole at different times, the blasting work of the first group is performed, and then the blasting work of the other groups is performed.
In grouping other than the first group, the explosive loading holes 3 are grouped so as to form a group composed of one explosive loading hole 3 or a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 groups.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 are formed in a line at intervals on one surface 2 of the concrete 1 to be crushed, it is at a position farthest from the target point 4. One explosive loading hole 31 is defined as a first group A, and an explosive loading hole 32 located at a position farthest from the target point 4 and an explosive loading hole 33 located at a position farthest from the target point 4 as a second group B. Explosive loading holes 34; 35; 36 located at the fourth, fifth and sixth furthest points from the target point 4 are defined as the third group C, and are seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth farthest from the target point 4. The explosive loading holes 39; 38; 40; 37 at the location are the fourth group D, and are located 11th and 12th farthest from the target location 4 (ie, the 1st and 2nd closest locations from the target location 4). Remaining explosive loading hole 41; 4 It is referred to as the fifth group E.

In other words, the first group A composed of one explosive loading hole 31 that is farthest from the target point 4 and a plurality of adjacent ones that are closer to the target point 4 than the explosive loading hole 31 of the first group A. A plurality of explosive loading holes 34; 35 which are located closer to the target point 4 than the second group B explosive loading holes 32; 36, and the number of explosive loading holes 3 is larger than the number of explosive loading holes 3 of the second group B, and is more targeted than the explosive loading holes 3 of the third group C and the third group C. It consists of a plurality of explosive loading holes 37; 38; 39; 40 adjacent to each other at a position close to point 4, and the number of explosive loading holes 3 is larger than the number of explosive loading holes 3 of the third group C. 4th configured to be Loop D, the explosive loading hole 41 of the residual; so on fifth group (the last group) E composed of 42, grouping all explosive loading hole 3 formed in the concrete 1. That is, when the number of remaining explosive loading holes 3 is the number of remaining explosive loading holes 3 ≦ the number of explosive loading holes 3 constituting the immediately preceding group, the group constituted by the remaining explosive loading holes 3 Is the final group.
That is, the same amount of explosive is loaded in each explosive loading hole 3 of each group A to E, and the number of explosive loading holes 3 of groups B to D other than the first group A is smaller in the group farther than the target point 4. By doing so, the amount (total amount) of explosives was reduced in the group farther from the target point 4. In other words, by increasing the number of explosive loading holes 3 of the groups B to D other than the first group A as the group closer to the target point 4, the amount (total amount) of the explosive was increased as the group was closer to the target point 4. However, if the remaining number of explosive loading holes 3 constituting the final group E is equal to or less than the number of explosive loading holes 3 constituting the group D immediately before the final group E, the final group E is the final group. Even when it is closer to the target point 4 than the group D immediately before E, the amount of explosives of the final group E ≦ the amount of explosives of the group D immediately before the final group E.

Then, the same amount of explosive is loaded into all of the explosive loading holes 3, and the blasting operation is performed in order from the group with the smallest number.
For example, a first blasting operation is performed to explode explosives in one explosive loading hole 31 of the first group A, and two explosive loading holes 32; 33 of the second group B are performed 0.25 seconds after the first blasting operation. A second blasting operation is performed to explode the explosive in the first explosive, and 0.25 seconds after the second blasting operation, a third blasting operation is performed to explode the explosive in the three explosive loading holes 34; 35; 36 of the third group C. 0.25 seconds after the third blasting operation, a fourth blasting operation is performed to explode the explosives in the four explosive loading holes 37; 38; 39; 40 of the fourth group D, and 0 from the fourth blasting operation. The concrete blasting operation is performed to crush the concrete 1 such that the final blasting operation of the two explosive loading holes 41; 42 of the fifth group E which is the final group is performed after 25 seconds.
That is, the number of explosive loading holes 3 of each of the groups B to E other than the first group A is decreased as the group is farther from the target point 4 and the same in each explosive loading hole 3 of each of the groups A to E. After loading the amount of explosives and blasting the first group A, when blasting the other groups B to E other than the first group A, blasting work in order from the group farther than the target point 4 Went. In other words, after making the total amount of explosives used in each of the groups B to E other than the first group A larger than the total amount of explosives used in the first group A, and performing the blasting work of the first group A, the target point Blasting work was performed in order from the group farther than 4. In this case, since the blasting work is performed in order from the group farther from the target point 4, the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point 4 can be further reduced, and the concrete 1 is obtained by the blasting work in each of the groups B to E other than the first group A. Can be more efficiently crushed.

The vibration at the target point 4 when the concrete crushing method by blasting of the embodiment was performed was measured.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a rectangular parallelepiped mass concrete is installed as the concrete 1 to be crushed at the blasting work site, and is extended from one surface 2 of the concrete 1 to the inside of the concrete 1 at both longitudinal ends of the top surface of the concrete 1. An experimental sample 100A; 100B in which a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 are formed so as to be arranged in a matrix at an interval on one side 2 of the concrete 1 is prepared, and the same amount of explosive is placed in all the explosive loading holes 3 respectively. The two target points 4A; 4B are set above the upper surface of the concrete 1 in the longitudinal direction, and an accelerometer 50 is installed at each of the two target points 4A; 4B. The vibration acceleration at the time of blasting was measured. The accelerometer 50 was provided at a location away from the experimental samples 100A and 100B.
The relationship between the grouping of the explosive loading hole 3 in the experimental sample 100A and the target point 4A, and the grouping of the explosive loading hole 3 in the experimental sample 100B and the relationship between the target point 4B are set as described above, and the experimental sample is set. The vibration acceleration at the time of blasting work for each group of the explosive loading hole 3 at 100A is measured at the target point 4A, and the vibration vibration at the time of blasting work for each group of the explosive loading hole 3 in the experimental sample 100B is measured at the target point 4B. did.

FIG. 5 shows the result of measuring vibration at the target point 4A for each group of explosive loading holes 3 in the experimental sample 100A. FIG. 5 shows the vibration at the time of blasting for each group of explosive loading holes 3 in the experimental sample 100B. The result measured at the point 4B is shown in FIG. GX is the acceleration in the X-axis direction (left-right direction in FIG. 4), GY is the acceleration in the Y-axis direction (up-down direction in FIG. 4), and GZ is the acceleration in the Z-axis direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 4). Show.
From this experimental result, it is understood that the vibration acceleration value measured at the target point 4A or 4B in the blasting operation of the first group A that is farthest away from the target point 4A or 4B and has the smallest amount of explosive explosive by the blasting operation. It was found that the vibration acceleration value measured at the target points 4A and 4B in the blasting work of other groups was larger. That is, after the second group, the explosive loading hole 3 is closer to the target points 4A and 4B than the first group A and the blasting amount (the amount of explosive for each group) increases. The vibration acceleration value measured at the target point 4A or 4B at the time of work is smaller than the vibration acceleration value measured at the target point 4A or 4B at the time of the blasting work of the first group A, and the blast vibration is reduced. I understood.
This is because after the blasting operation of the first group A, innumerable microcracks occur in the concrete 1 and the concrete 1 is not in a solid state, so the dynamic elastic modulus of the concrete 1 decreases, and the subsequent groups It is thought that this is because the vibration when the blasting operation is performed is attenuated (the vibration attenuation is increased). Then, since the blasting operations in the subsequent groups are repeated, the microcracks continue to occur, so that the vibration attenuation is further increased.

From the above experimental results, it can be considered that in the second group and later, even if the amount of explosive used in the blasting operation is larger than the amount of explosive used in the first group A, the blasting in the second group and later It means that the blast vibration transmitted to the target point 4 in the work can be suppressed to the same level or less as the blast vibration transmitted to the target point 4 in the blast work of the first group A. Therefore, in the blasting operation after the second group, the number of explosive loading holes 3 loaded with the same amount of explosive loaded in the first group A explosive loading hole 3 is increased at a time. Even if the amount of the explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole 3 is larger than the amount of the explosive loaded in the first group A explosive loading hole 3, the blast vibration transmitted to the target point 4 is reduced. In the blasting operation, the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point 4 can be suppressed to the same level or less, and the amount of explosive can be increased, so that the concrete 1 can be efficiently crushed. That is, in the embodiment, since the total amount of explosives used for each of the groups B to E other than the first group A is larger than the total amount of explosives used in the first group A, the blast vibration transmitted to the target point 4 is reduced. And concrete 1 can be efficiently crushed.
For example, the maximum allowable value that the blasting vibration measured at the target point 4 at the time of the blasting of the first group A can be allowed at the target point 4 (for example, the vibration regulation set in consideration of the influence on the existing structure at the blasting work site) Value) and in the blasting work after the second group, by making the total amount of explosives used in each of the groups B to E larger than the total amount of explosives used in the first group A By the blasting work after the second group, the concrete 1 can be crushed more efficiently, and the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point 4 can be suppressed to the maximum allowable value or less.

  That is, in the embodiment, a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 including one explosive loading hole 3 at a point farthest from the target point 4 or one explosive loading hole 3 at a point farthest from the target point 4 (target One explosive loading hole 3 at the point farthest from the point 4 and one or more explosive loading holes 3) in the vicinity of the explosive loading hole 3 are determined as the first group A, and the blasting of the first group A An infinite number of microcracks are generated in the concrete 1 to lower the dynamic elastic modulus of the concrete 1 so that the vibration attenuation during the blasting operations in the groups B to E after the first group A is increased. By making the amount of explosives used for blasting work in each group B to E other than the first group A larger than the amount of explosives used for the blasting work of the first group A, each group A to E At the time of blasting Reduction of the dynamic, and made it possible to realize a more efficient crushing of concrete 1.

  In addition, when performing the blast work of other groups B to E other than the first group A, a group that satisfies the condition that it is farthest from the target point 4 and is closest to the group that has completed the blast work. If the blasting work of other groups is performed in order, the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point 4 is more likely to be affected by the microcracks generated in the concrete 1 in the blasting work of the previous group in the blasting work of the group. And concrete 1 can be crushed more efficiently.

  The amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole 3 of the first group A (total amount of explosive used in the first group A) is loaded into the explosive loading holes 3 of the groups B to E other than the first group A. If the amount is less than the amount of explosives to be used (total amount of explosives used for each group), the blast vibration at the time of blasting of the first group A can be reduced, and the blast vibration transmitted to the target point 4 can be further reduced. In other words, if the difference between the maximum allowable blast vibration allowable at the target point 4 and the blast vibration at the time of blasting of the second group B is large, the total amount of explosive used in the first group A is reduced, The blasting vibration at the time of blasting of the first group A having the largest blasting vibration of each group A to E can be reduced, and the maximum value of the blasting vibration when crushing the concrete to be crushed can be reduced.

  In the embodiment, in the step of performing the blasting work of the other groups B to E, the condition that the blasting work is performed in order from the group far from the target point, and the group that performs the blasting work after the group that has finished the blasting work In the above example, the blasting operation of other groups is performed so as to satisfy at least one of the conditions of determining the group closest to the group that has completed the blasting operation. The blasting operation of E does not necessarily satisfy the above condition. Even in this case, by performing the blasting work of the first group A, it is possible to generate innumerable microcracks in the concrete 1 to lower the kinematic elastic modulus of the concrete 1, and the blasting work in the subsequent groups was performed. This is because the vibration attenuation at the time increases, so that the blasting vibration transmitted to the target point 4 can be reduced and the concrete 1 can be efficiently crushed.

  Further, in the embodiment, an example in which all the explosive loading holes 3 are formed by one operation in the hole forming step has been described. However, a plurality of hole forming operations for forming one or more explosive loading holes 3 in the hole forming step are performed. You may make it carry out by dividing into times. As described above, when the hole forming operation for forming one or more explosive loading holes 3 is performed in a plurality of times in the hole forming step, grouping is performed after each hole forming operation is finished, and the blasting operation is performed for each group. A series of operations may be repeated until all explosive loading holes 3 have been blasted.

  Moreover, although embodiment demonstrated the concrete crushing method performed in order of a hole formation step, a target point setting step, a grouping step, and a blasting operation step, you may make it perform a target point setting step first. In the case of crushing concrete to be crushed at the blasting work site, the target point where the blast vibration is to be suppressed is actually determined first, and thus the target point setting step is often performed first.

When the target point setting step is performed first, after the target point setting step, the work may be performed in the order of the hole forming step, the grouping step, and the blasting work step, or the target point setting After the step, the work may be performed in the order of the area grouping step, the hole forming step, and the blasting work step.
In the case of performing operations in the order of the hole formation step, the grouping step, and the blasting operation step after the target point setting step, the grouping is performed after all the explosive loading holes 3 are formed in the hole forming step. The blasting operation may be performed, or the hole forming operation for forming one or more explosive loading holes 3 in the hole forming step may be performed in a plurality of times. As described above, when the hole forming operation for forming one or more explosive loading holes 3 is performed in a plurality of times in the hole forming step, grouping is performed after each hole forming operation is finished, and the blasting operation is performed for each group. A series of operations may be repeated until all the explosive loading holes 3 have been blasted.
In addition, when the work is performed in the order of the area grouping step, the hole formation step, and the blasting work step after the target point setting step, after determining the area farthest from the target point in the concrete in the area grouping step, other After all the plurality of regions are determined and one or a plurality of explosive loading holes 3 are formed for each region to form each group, the blasting operation may be performed for each group. In this case, a region farthest from the target point in concrete is determined, and one or more explosive loading holes 3 are formed in the region to form a first group, and the explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole 3 of the first group After performing the blasting operation for explosion, setting of other regions, formation of a plurality of other groups by forming holes for each region, and blasting operations for each other group may be performed.

  Further, in the embodiment, an example in which the time for performing the blasting operation for exploding the explosive in each explosive loading hole 3 by shifting the time for each group is 0.25 seconds is shown. You can decide as follows.

  The concrete crushing method by blasting according to the present invention can be applied when a part of a concrete structure is removed.

1 concrete, 2 concrete surface, 3 explosive loading hole, 4 target point,
A to E groups.

Claims (6)

In the vicinity of the blasting work site for crushing the concrete to be crushed, a target point where blasting vibration is to be suppressed is determined, and one explosive loading hole formed at the farthest point from the target point in concrete or the one explosive loading A plurality of explosive loading holes including holes are assigned to the first group,
In addition to the first group of explosive loading holes, a plurality of explosive loading holes formed in concrete are grouped into a plurality of groups,
By blasting that explodes the explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group and then exploding explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the other group Concrete crushing method.   2. The method for crushing concrete according to claim 1, wherein after performing the blasting operation of the first group, the blasting operation is performed in order from a group far from the target point. After performing the blasting work of the first group, the blasting work of the group closest to the first group is performed, and then the blasting work of the group closest to the group that finished the blasting work is performed. 2. The method of crushing concrete according to claim 1 , wherein the group that performs the blasting operation after the group that has completed the blasting operation is determined to be the group closest to the group that has completed the blasting operation.   The amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of each group other than the first group is larger than the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group. The concrete crushing method by blasting as described in any one of Claims.   The amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of the first group is made smaller than the amount of explosive loaded in the explosive loading hole of each group other than the first group. The concrete crushing method by blasting as described in any one of Claims. The number of explosive loading holes of each group other than the first group, and less farther group from the object point, and wherein each be loaded with the same amount of explosive in each explosive loading holes of each group according Item 3. A method for crushing concrete by blasting according to Item 2 .

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