JP6289817B2 - Direct contact condenser - Google Patents

Description

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to a direct contact condenser.

  A direct contact condenser installed in a general geothermal power plant is a device that condenses exhaust steam by bringing cooling water into direct contact with exhaust steam discharged from a steam turbine. One of the cooling water treatment methods inside the condenser is a spray method in which cooling water is sprayed from a spray pipe.

  As a conventional technique of a spray-type direct contact condenser, for example, there is a structure in which a spray pipe is arranged along the direction of steam flow in order to reduce pressure loss of exhaust steam.

JP 2010-270925 A

  In the case of a conventional condenser, although it is possible to reduce the pressure loss of exhaust steam, it is weak in terms of strength, for example, because the outer wall is not crushed by atmospheric pressure due to the vacuum inside the condenser, for example It is necessary to arrange a large number of reinforcing members inside the condenser.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a direct contact condenser that can increase the strength against a decrease in internal pressure while simplifying the internal reinforcing structure.

The direct contact condenser of the embodiment includes a first circulation chamber, a first cooling water supply pipe , a second circulation chamber, and a second cooling water supply pipe . The first circulation chamber is for cooling the mixture containing water vapor and non-condensable gas in a first direction. The first cooling water supply pipe has a pipe part and a first discharge part. The pipe portion is fixed to both walls so as to cross the first direction in which the air-fuel mixture flows in the first circulation chamber and to pass through holes provided in both the left and right or upper and lower walls of the first circulation chamber and to stretch both walls. Yes. The first discharge part is for spraying the coolant supplied from the outside through the pipe part to the air-fuel mixture. The second circulation chamber is arranged at the rear stage of the first circulation chamber, and is used for cooling the non-condensable gas remaining after condensing the air-fuel mixture in the first circulation chamber in the second direction. The second cooling water supply pipe has a second pipe part and a second discharge part. The second pipe portion passes through the second walls on the left and right or upper and lower sides of the second circulation chamber in a direction intersecting with the second direction in which the non-condensable gas flows, so that the second walls are not crushed by the negative pressure. Cooling water is introduced into the second circulation chamber from the second water chamber provided outside the main body trunk while supporting the second walls. A 2nd discharge | release part is provided in the outer peripheral part of a 2nd pipe part, and sprays cooling water on a non-condensable gas.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the direct contact type condenser which can raise the intensity | strength with respect to a fall of internal pressure can be provided, simplifying an internal reinforcement structure.

It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the AA cross section of FIG. FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows an example of the shape of a spray tube. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the structure of the direct contact type condenser of 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top perspective view of FIG. 5. It is a figure which shows the other example of the shape of a spray tube. It is a figure which shows the modification of the shape of a spray tube. It is a figure which shows the modification of the shape of a spray tube.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a direct contact condenser according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. is there.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the direct contact condenser of this embodiment is installed in a circulation system downstream of a steam turbine installed in a facility such as a geothermal power plant, and is a box-shaped A condenser main body container 2 (hereinafter referred to as “container 2”), a spray pipe 1, a water chamber 3, an air outlet 7, a hot well outlet box 8, a drain outlet 9 serving as an outlet for cooling water, and the like.

  The container 2 is a casing having a rectangular cross section and a semicircular shape at the top, and a rectangular cross section or a semicircular shape at the bottom. The container 2 is provided with an exhaust steam inlet 2a, a gas cooling water inlet 6, an air outlet 7, a hot well outlet box 8, a drain outlet 9 serving as a cooling water outlet, and the like.

The interior of the container 2 is partitioned into an introduction chamber 4a, a steam cooling chamber 4b as a first circulation chamber, a gas cooling chamber 4c as a second circulation chamber, a hot well tank 4d as a return water tank, and the like.
The steam cooling chamber 4b is a circulation chamber for circulating and cooling the steam D exhausted from the steam turbine (hereinafter referred to as “turbine exhaust steam D”) in the first direction (the direction of the broken line in the figure). The turbine exhaust steam D is an air-fuel mixture (mixed gas) containing water vapor and non-condensable gas.

  The exhaust steam inlet 2 a is an opening for introducing the turbine exhaust steam D into the container 2. The turbine exhaust steam D is an air-fuel mixture (mixed gas) containing water vapor and non-condensable gas.

  Turbine exhaust steam D introduced into the introduction chamber 4a of the container 2 from the exhaust steam inlet 2a follows a path indicated by a broken line, and non-condensable gas (such as NC gas) remaining after being condensed into the steam cooling chamber 4b is gas. It enters the cooling chamber 4 c and is discharged from the air outlet 7. The air outlet 7 is an opening for discharging remaining non-condensable gas (NC gas or the like).

  The exhaust steam inlet 2a is provided in front of the container 2, and the turbine exhaust steam D flows in the horizontal direction. The water chamber 3 is provided on the side of the container 2. The water chamber 3 is filled with cooling water for cooling the turbine exhaust steam D introduced into the steam cooling chamber 4b.

  A plurality of holes are provided in the side plate 2 d constituting the side surface of the container 2, and the spray tube 1 is inserted into each hole and extended to the water chamber 3. A gas cooling water inlet 6 is provided at the bottom of the water chamber 3. Cooling water is introduced (inflowed) into the water chamber 3 from the gas cooling water inlet 6.

  The hot well tank 4d is a tank in which return water condensed and dropped in the container 2 is temporarily stored. The hot well outlet box 8 is a tubular casing whose bottom is closed, and is provided below the bottom plate 2c (lower plate) below the container 2, that is, below the hot well tank 4d.

  The hot well outlet box 8 stores the return water before being discharged. A drain outlet 9 which is an outlet of condensed water is provided on the side surface of the hot well outlet box 8, and the return water accumulated in a certain amount in the hot well outlet box 8 is discharged from the drain outlet 9.

  In the gas cooling chamber 4c, the spray pipe 1 is arranged with the same structure as the steam cooling chamber 4b. The gas cooling chamber 4c has a smaller space than the steam cooling chamber 4b and is less affected by a decrease in internal pressure on the plate constituting the side surface of the steam cooling chamber 4b. You may arrange along.

  The spray pipe 1 is a first cooling water supply pipe, and is supported by reinforcing members 5 arranged at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction thereof. The spray tube 1 has a tube portion 1a and a spray nozzle 1b as a first discharge portion.

  The pipe portion 1a passes through holes provided in the left and right (or upper and lower) side plates 2d (both walls) of the steam cooling chamber 4b so as to intersect the direction in which the turbine exhaust steam D flows through the steam cooling chamber 4b. It is fixed (fixed) to the side plate 2d (both walls) so as to stretch (support) the wall.

  One end of the pipe portion 1 a is connected to a hole that is formed in the partition plate of the water chamber 3 through the side plate 2 d that is the side wall of the container 2.

  The other end of the tube portion 1a is closed at a position protruding from the inside of the container 2 to the outside. On the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate part of the pipe part 1a in the container 2, a large number of spray nozzles 1b are projected at predetermined intervals in multiple directions. The spray nozzle 1b is for spraying the cooling water supplied from the outside through the pipe portion 1a onto the turbine exhaust steam D.

  The spray nozzle 1b is for spraying the cooling water supplied from the outside (water chamber 3) through the pipe portion 1a onto the turbine exhaust steam D flowing through the steam cooling chamber 4b. As a 1st discharge | release part, you may provide a hole in the outer peripheral surface of the spray pipe 1, for example instead of the shape of a nozzle.

  The spray pipe 1 passes through a hole provided in the left and right side plates 2d of the container 2 in a direction intersecting with the flow of the turbine exhaust steam D (in this example, an orthogonal direction: a vertical direction), and one end thereof enters the water chamber 3 Stretched and attached.

  The spray pipe 1 is fixed by welding or the like around the connection portion with the side plate 2d so as to stretch (support) the left and right side plates 2d (both left and right walls) of the container 2, and cools the turbine exhaust steam D. The function and the reinforcing function of the left and right side plates 2d of the container 2 are combined.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the spray tube 1 is a tube having an annular cross section in the axial direction, that is, a circular tube, and a smooth curved surface is directed to the direction (arrow) in which the turbine exhaust steam D flows, It can be said that there is little pressure loss.

Subsequently, the operation of the direct contact condenser of the first embodiment will be described.
In the case of the first embodiment, the turbine exhaust steam D discharged from the turbine is introduced into the introduction chamber 4a of the container 2 from the exhaust steam inlet 2a.

  The turbine exhaust steam D introduced into the introduction chamber 4a follows the path indicated by the broken line, and is condensed by the cooling water that enters the steam cooling chamber 4b and is sprayed (spouted) from the spray pipe 1 in the steam cooling chamber 4b. Then, the water vapor is separated and falls into the lower hot well tank 4d, and the remaining non-condensable gas (NC gas or the like) enters the gas cooling chamber 4c. The cooling water sprayed by the spray pipe or the like also in this gas cooling chamber 4c. It is further cooled and discharged from the air outlet 7.

  In the case of this direct contact type condenser, during operation, that is, when the turbine exhaust steam D flows through the container 2, the internal pressure is reduced in the container 2 and pressure (negative pressure) is applied to the side plate 2d.

  In this embodiment, the spray pipe 1 of the steam cooling chamber 4b is thicker than the reinforcing member 5, and the side plate 2d is reinforced by the tension of the spray pipe 1 at the portion where the spray pipe 1 is disposed. With respect to the space), it is not necessary to arrange the reinforcing member 5 for reinforcing the same as the spray tube 1, and the amount of the reinforcing member 5 can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the spray pipe 1 is arranged in a direction orthogonal (crossing) to the direction in which the turbine exhaust steam D flows, and the spray pipe 1 stretches the side plates 2d on both sides of the container 2. The supporting structure is used, and the spraying function of the cooling water and the reinforcing function of the side plate 2d are combined (combined) with the spray pipe 1, so that the reinforcing member 5 can be omitted and the reinforcing structure inside the container 2 is simplified. The strength of the container 2 can be increased while being converted.

  In the above embodiment, the spray pipe 1 is disposed so as to penetrate the left and right side plates 2d (side walls) of the steam cooling chamber 4b. However, if the spray pipe 1 is in a direction intersecting (for example, orthogonal) with the turbine exhaust steam D, steam cooling is performed. You may arrange | position so that the upper and lower sides (both walls of the upper board 2b and the bottom board 2c) of the chamber 4b may be penetrated.

(Second Embodiment)
The direct contact condenser of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the direct contact condenser of the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure as the said 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the direct contact condenser of the second embodiment, the spray pipe 10 as the second cooling water supply pipe is arranged in the gas cooling chamber 4c in the vertical direction.

  The gas cooling chamber 4c is a second circulation chamber for cooling the non-condensable gas remaining after condensing the turbine exhaust steam D in the steam cooling chamber 4b in the arrow direction E (second direction).

  The spray tube 10 includes a tube portion 10a and a spray nozzle 10b as a second discharge portion.

  The pipe portion 10a is orthogonal (intersects) with the direction of the arrow E (second direction) through which the non-condensable gas flows, and is inserted into holes provided in both the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b of the gas cooling chamber 4c. In addition, the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b are fixed (fixed) by welding to the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b at the portions contacting the surfaces of the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b so as to stretch both walls.

  The spray nozzle 10b is a pipe protruding on the outer periphery of the spray pipe 10 at a predetermined interval. The spray nozzle 10b is for spraying the cooling water supplied from the outside through the pipe part 10a to the non-condensable gas. As a 2nd discharge | release part, you may just provide a hole in the spray tube 1. FIG.

  That is, in the second embodiment, the spray tube is formed so as to penetrate the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b (both upper and lower walls) of the gas cooling chamber 4c at the rear stage of the steam cooling chamber 4b and to stretch (support) both walls. 10 is arranged.

  In the second embodiment, when non-condensable gas is introduced from the steam cooling chamber 4b into the gas cooling chamber 4c, the non-condensable gas is circulated in the arrow direction E (second direction) in the gas cooling chamber 4c, and the spray tube Cooling is performed by spraying (spraying) cooling water on the non-condensable gas from the 10 spray nozzles 10 b, and the cooled non-condensable gas is discharged from the air outlet 7.

  In this embodiment, the spray tube 10 of the gas cooling chamber 4c has a diameter larger than that of the reinforcing member 5, and the upper plate 11a and the lower plate 11b are reinforced by the tension of the spray tube 10 at the portion where the spray tube 10 is disposed. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange the reinforcing member 5 for this portion (region), and the amount of the reinforcing member 5 can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the spray pipe 1 is arranged in a direction orthogonal (crossing) to the direction in which the turbine exhaust steam D flows, and both the upper and lower plates of the gas cooling chamber 4c are connected to each other. The structure in which the spray tube 10 is stretched and supported, and the spray tube 10 has both the function of spraying cooling water and the function of reinforcing the upper plate and the lower plate, so that the reinforcing member 5 can be omitted and gas cooling The strength of the gas cooling chamber 4c can be increased while simplifying the reinforcing structure inside the chamber 4c.

  As mentioned above, according to embodiment mentioned above, the intensity | strength with respect to the internal pressure fall of the container 2 can be raised, simplifying the reinforcement structure inside the container 2. FIG.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the spray tube 1 is a circular tube (see FIG. 4). However, as shown in FIG. 7, a spray tube 21 (elliptical tube) having an elliptical cross section may be used. In this case, the spray tube 21 is arranged so that the diameter of the spray tube 21 in the direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the diameter of the spray tube 21 in the direction of the flow of the turbine exhaust steam D is small.

  For example, when the flow direction of the turbine exhaust steam D is a horizontal direction, the spray pipe 21 is arranged so that the diameter (height) in a direction (vertical direction) orthogonal to the direction becomes narrow. That is, the elliptical spray tube 21 is arranged so as not to disturb the flow of the turbine exhaust steam D as much as possible. Thereby, the pressure loss (abbreviated as “pressure loss” for short) when the turbine exhaust steam D flows in the container 2 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a flat plate-like member 22 for reducing pressure loss (hereinafter referred to as “pressure loss reducing plate”) is extended along the outer periphery of the circular spray pipe 1 toward the downstream side of the flow of the turbine exhaust steam D. 22 ”) may be provided. In this case, the two pressure loss reduction plates 22 are disposed along the upper and lower outer peripheries of the spray tube 1 (tube portion 1a), and are respectively inclined and disposed toward the downstream side.

  That is, from the position of the upper and lower outer peripheries perpendicular to the axis passing through the center of the spray pipe 1 (pipe part 1a) toward the downstream side in the direction in which the turbine exhaust steam D flows, it is perpendicular to the axis of the spray pipe 1 (pipe part 1a). The pressure loss reducing plate 22 is disposed along the outer periphery of the spray tube 1 by inclining the surface of the pressure loss reducing plate 22 to the inner side of the outer diameter in a certain direction (height direction). Thereby, the pressure loss at the time of the turbine exhaust steam D distribute | circulating the inside of the container 2 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the downstream end portions 23 of the two pressure loss reduction plates 22 arranged toward the downstream side along the upper and lower outer peripheries of the spray tube 1 (tube portion 1 a) are aligned. You may arrange.

  These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Spray pipe, 1a ... Pipe part, 1b ... Spray nozzle, 2 ... Container, 2a ... Exhaust steam inlet, 2c ... Bottom plate, 2d ... Side plate, 3 ... Water chamber, 4a ... Introduction chamber, 4b ... Steam cooling chamber, 4c DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Gas cooling chamber, 4d ... Hot well tank, 5 ... Reinforcement member, 6 ... Gas cooling water inlet, 7 ... Air outlet, 8 ... Hot well outlet box, 9 ... Drain outlet, 10 ... Spray pipe, 10a ... Pipe part, 10b ... spray nozzle, 21 ... spray tube, 22 ... plate-like member (pressure loss reducing plate), 23 ... end.

Claims (5)

A first flow chamber provided by partitioning the main body cylinder in order to flow and cool the air-fuel mixture containing water vapor and non-condensable gas in the first direction;
So that the mixture penetrates the left and right or top and bottom walls of said first flow passage chamber in a direction intersecting the first direction flowing through the first flow chamber the walls are not collapse under the influence of negative pressure Supporting both the walls, a pipe portion for introducing cooling water from a water chamber provided outside the body trunk into the first circulation chamber, and an outer peripheral portion of the pipe portion, A first cooling water supply pipe having a first discharge part for spraying the air-fuel mixture;
A second flow chamber disposed downstream of the first flow chamber and configured to flow and cool the non-condensable gas remaining after condensing the air-fuel mixture in the first flow chamber in a second direction;
The second flow chamber passes through the second walls on the left and right or upper and lower sides in a direction intersecting the second direction in which the non-condensable gas flows, so that the second walls are not crushed by the negative pressure. A second pipe part that supports the second both walls and introduces cooling water from the second water chamber provided outside the body trunk into the second circulation chamber, and is provided on the outer periphery of the second pipe part. A direct contact condenser comprising: a second cooling water supply pipe having a second discharge part for spraying the cooling water onto the non-condensable gas . Before Symbol pipe portion or the second tubular portion, direct contact condenser of claim 1, wherein a round tube or elliptical tube. A plate-like shape arranged to be inclined inward from the outer periphery toward the downstream side in the direction in which the air-fuel mixture or the non-condensable gas flows from the position on the outer periphery obtained by drawing a perpendicular from the axis of the circular tube or the elliptic tube The direct contact condenser according to claim 2 , further comprising a member. The direct contact condenser according to claim 3 , wherein the plate-like member is disposed toward the downstream side along the upper and lower outer peripheries of the circular pipe or the elliptic pipe. The direct contact condenser according to claim 4 , wherein the downstream ends of the upper and lower plate-like members are combined.

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