JP6319877B2 - Heat-dissipating concrete seat and concrete bench using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heat-dissipating concrete seat plate and a concrete bench using the same.

Conventionally, since a concrete bench uses a thick concrete seat plate, when it is placed outdoors in summer, it is heated by direct sunlight and stored, and the seat temperature is higher than the ambient temperature. Also, when it rained, if there were dents or the like on the seat plate, rainwater accumulated and air drying was delayed. Here, the term “concrete” includes not only concrete that requires a normal coarse aggregate but also a cement composition that includes only fine aggregate as aggregate. The same applies hereinafter unless otherwise specified.

A heat conductive concrete having high heat dissipation and excellent handling properties is a heat conductive cement comprising a composition containing 100 parts by weight of cement and 5 to 400 parts by weight of pitch-based carbon fibers as a heat conductive material (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-2008). A bench using No. -303091) is conceivable.

JP 2008-303091 A

However, even if a bench is created using a thermally conductive cement made of a composition containing pitch-based carbon fibers as a bench seat plate, heat is released by heat transfer. However, there is a possibility that the heat is not removed when heated by direct sunlight. In addition, if the structure is such that rainwater partially accumulates, there is a problem that it cannot be used immediately because air drying is delayed unless the surface adhering water is wiped off.

In addition, it is solid, dense and resistant to dirt, has a structure that is easy to remove heat even when heated by direct sunlight, has a sufficient strength even with a relatively long length, and has a good water repellency performance. The task was to realize a board and a concrete bench using this board.

The present invention
[1] In a concrete plate having a rectangular seating surface 1, from a center line parallel to the long side on the seating surface 1, approximately the same width that is obliquely continued to both the long side and the other opposing long side The heat dissipating concrete seat plate 10 has a plurality of water guide groove portions 2 and a plurality of groove portions 3 parallel to the long side on the back surface of the seat surface 1.
[2] The depth of the grooves of the plurality of water guide grooves 2 is 5 to 15 mm, the openings of the grooves are 5 to 15 mm, the groove interval is 10 mm or more, and the depths of the grooves 3 are parallel to the long sides. 30 to 60 mm, 15 to 30 mm at the tip opening of the groove 3, 10 to 20 mm at the bottom of the groove 3, and 10 to 25 mm at the tip and 15 to 30 mm at the bottom. It is a heat-dissipating concrete seat plate.
[3] A plurality of branch groove portions 4 that collect water obliquely on the seating surface 1 into a plurality of water guide groove portions 2 having substantially the same width that are inclined and connected to both the long side and the other long sides facing each other. Are the heat-dissipating concrete seats.
[4] The heat-dissipating concrete is characterized in that the seat surface 1 is raised along a center line between the water guide groove portions 2 and is collected into the water guide portion 2 as an inclined surface or a curved surface to the water guide groove portion 2. It is a seat board.
[5] A heat-dissipating concrete seat plate in which the concrete has a compressive strength of 150 to 200 N / mm ² and a bending strength of 16.5 to 25.0 N / mm ² .
[6] A heat dissipating concrete seat plate, wherein the cement used for concrete production is white cement in the production of the seat plate.
[7] A heat-dissipating concrete seat plate, characterized in that, in the production of the seat plate, cast molding using a plastic mold is performed, and the surface is smooth without being polished after the cured body is formed.
[8] A concrete bench 100 which is provided with a bench leg 20 integrally formed with a heat-dissipating concrete seat plate according to any one of [1] to [7] or bonded to a concrete or metal member. It is.

The heat-dissipating concrete seat plate having the above configuration uses precast concrete. On the seat surface 1, there are a plurality of water guide grooves 2 having substantially the same width orthogonal to the long side, and on the back surface of the seat surface 1, there are a large number of grooves 3 parallel to the long side, Therefore, the surface area of the seat plate is larger than that of the same weight plate, and the temperature lowering effect due to heat dissipation is remarkable. Moreover, since the water guide groove part 2 of the seat surface 1 and the groove part 3 of the back surface are mutually twisted, it has sufficient intensity | strength physical property. Further, since the water guide groove portion 2 on the seat surface 1 is inclined down, drainage can be performed even if the seat plate is laid horizontally.

With respect to the water guide groove portion 2, the water guide branch groove 4 is provided on the seat surface, or is raised along the center line between the water guide groove portions 2, and is collected in the water guide portion 2 as an inclined surface or a curved surface to the water guide groove portion 2. Water drains more quickly. The water guide branch groove 4 is a seat plate that gives an appropriate frictional force. Moreover, the contact area to the human body of the seating surface 1 of a seat board reduces, and the heat transfer from a seat board can be suppressed. If the cement used for concrete production is white cement, the heat absorption of the concrete seat can be prevented, and further, the appearance can be increased by polishing after the cured body is formed.

Furthermore, by providing the bench leg portion 20 on the seat plate to form the bench 100, it is possible to further promote heat radiation from the numerous groove portions 3 on the back surface of the seat plate.

It is a figure which shows the orthographic projection figure of an example of the seat board of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the water guide groove part on the seat surface of an example of the seat board of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the groove part of the back surface of the seat surface of an example of the seat board of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the water guide groove part on the seat surface of another example of the seat board of this invention. It is a perspective view of an example of the bench using the seat board of this invention. It is a figure which shows the orthographic projection figure of another example of the seat board of this invention. It is an orthographic projection figure of an example of the bench using the seat board of this invention. The seat plate portion is indicated by a solid line. The broken line in the seat plate is a line that cannot be seen from the projection direction. The perspective view of the bench in FIG. 7 is a schematic view (reference view) as seen from the upper right side of the right side surface in FIG. 7, and has a groove that forms a right angle with the straight groove at the position of twist. It is a figure which shows the temperature fall by heat dissipation of an example of the seat board of this invention. It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer example of an example of the seat board of this invention.

FIG. 1 shows an orthographic view of a seat plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the seat plate 10 is made of precast concrete. (A) is the front view which caught the seat from the top, (b) is a right view, (c) is a left view, (d) is a bottom view. The seating surface 1 is a rectangle. The long side is about 0.5 to 2.0 m. The short side is about 35 to 65 cm. The back surface of the seating surface 1 has a plurality of water guide grooves 2 having substantially the same width that are slanted from the center line parallel to the long side on the seating surface 1 to both the long side and the other opposing long sides. For this, a large number of grooves 3 parallel to the long side are formed.

The cross-sectional shape of the groove is preferably trapezoidal or rectangular as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c). A groove is formed so as to be inclined left and right from the central portion corresponding to the center line of FIG. 1A, the central portion is high, and becomes deeper gradually toward the end portion.

FIG. 2 is a right side view (b) in which the water guide groove portion 2 is enlarged. It is preferable to form the water guide grooves with an opening width of 5 to 15 mm at intervals of 10 to 30 mm. The degree of inclination is preferably 5 to 25 mm at the end of the long side. If the formation interval is wider than 30 mm and the opening width is smaller than 5 mm, it is difficult to quickly eliminate water wetting. Further, if the formation interval is narrower than 10 mm and the opening width is larger than 15 mm, the human body comes into contact with the groove, heat transfer to the human body increases, and the sitting comfort also deteriorates. The range of 1/40 to 1/20 is preferable as the inclination change width with respect to the groove length. If the change in inclination is smaller than 1/40, the flow of water may not be smooth. If it is larger than 1/20, the notch of the groove in the short side direction becomes deeper than the thickness of the seat plate, and the load applied to the seat plate. A large moment is disadvantageous in terms of product strength.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the groove portion 3 on the back surface of the seating surface in the AA ′ cross section of the front view of FIG. 1. The water guide portion 2 on the seat surface has a rib structure, but the groove portion 3 on the back surface also has a torsion position rib structure, and a large number of them are installed in the long side direction of the seat plate seat surface, thereby increasing the surface area of the seat plate. However, it is possible to increase the moment of inertia of the cross section with respect to the weight of the human body while reducing the weight of the seat plate.

The groove 3 on the back surface is preferably formed of a protrusion having a trapezoidal cross section with a width of 15 to 30 mm at the lower base and an upper base of 10 to 25 mm. And the depth of the groove | channel pinched | interposed into many groove parts 3 parallel to a long side is 30-60 mm, the front-end | tip opening part of a groove is 15-30 mm, the bottom part of a groove is 10-20 mm, and a groove space | interval is a front-end | tip part. The thickness is preferably 10 to 25 mm and 15 to 30 mm at the bottom. If the bottom portion of the protrusion is wider than 30 mm and the bottom portion of the groove is smaller than 10 mm, the specific surface area is difficult to be removed. Further, if the lower bottom portion of the protrusion is smaller than 15 mm and the width of the groove bottom portion is larger than 20 mm, the cross-sectional secondary moment with respect to the load is reduced. Moreover, as shown in the enlarged view of the end portion of the seat plate in FIG. 3, the wall thickness that separates the water guide groove 2 and the groove 3 is preferably 10 to 30 mm. If it is smaller than 10 mm, the strength may be insufficient, and if it is 30 mm or more, heat storage increases, which is disadvantageous for heat dissipation.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the water guide branch groove 4 is provided on the seat surface with respect to the water guide groove portion 2.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a bench composed of a seat plate and legs.

FIG. 6 is an example of a heat-dissipating concrete seat plate in which the seat surface 1 is raised along the center line between the water guide groove portions 2 and is collected in the water guide portion 2 as an inclined surface to the water guide groove portion 2. Instead of the slope, the water may be collected as a curved surface and guided to the water guide groove 2.

FIG. 7 is an orthographic view of an example of a bench using the seat plate of the present invention. The seat plate portion is indicated by a solid line.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the bench of FIG. 7, and is a schematic view (reference view) seen from the upper right side of the right side surface of FIG. 7. On the back side, a groove that forms a right angle with the straight groove at the position of twist. Have The right side view is symmetric with the left side view, and the plan view is omitted because it is symmetric with the bottom view.

As the cement used in the present invention, normal Portland cement, eco-cement, etc. can be used. In addition, when preventing heat absorption of sunlight and obtaining a heat shielding effect, it is possible to use white cement to obtain a shade with high brightness. desirable.

Here, it is preferable that the concrete is a seat plate using a cement composition having a compressive strength of 150 to 200 N / mm ² and a bending strength of 16.5 N / mm ² or more.

When the trapezoidal top and bottom width of the groove 3 is 20 mm, the bottom width is 15 mm and the height is 55 mm, and the resultant force of the evenly distributed load on the entire seat plate is 21 kgf (210 N), a safety factor of 1.3 is considered. the compressive strength of the seat plate, 150 N / mm ² or more, bending strength, because the required 16.5N / mm ² or more. Although the bending strength may exceed 25.0 N / mm ² , it becomes over-specification as a bench seat plate.

The aggregate unit amount may be such that the concrete can be blended so that the flowability necessary for molding and the surface property of the floor board after curing are good while sufficiently securing practical strength.

Since the compound used in the present invention has a fluidity of a flow value of about 20 to 30 cm, it is preferable to mold by casting. In the method described in JIS R 5201 “Physical test method of cement (11. Flow test)”, the flow value was measured without performing 15 drop motions.

When fiber reinforcement is performed with a blend having a water powder ratio of 10 to 30% and a flow value of about 20 to 30 cm, the fiber content is preferably 2 to 8 parts by weight with respect to water. Moreover, when landscape design is considered, concrete colored with white cement or ordinary cement and pigment can be used.

Specifically, the concrete can be prepared as follows.

As the aggregate, natural aggregates such as river sand, river gravel, crushed stone, and crushed sand can be used. In addition, granite or the like can be used when a pseudo-stone-like texture is required.

The particle size of these aggregates is not particularly specified, but is preferably 2.5 mm or less, more preferably 2.0 mm or less. If it exceeds 2.5 mm, flow separation is liable to occur, and there is a risk of variations in strength.

Examples of the kneaded water include tap water, groundwater, industrial water, and the like, but any water that does not interfere with the quality of the block can be used.

If necessary, blast furnace slag fine powder, limestone fine powder, and / or pozzolanic substances such as silica fume and fly ash may be added.

The specific blending of cement is preferably in accordance with the blending (the composition range of standard blended powders, etc.) shown by Uchida et al., Civil Engineering Society, “Design Guidelines for Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (Draft)” 2004. However, the cement is not limited to low heat cement, 100 parts by weight of cement, 5 to 50 parts by weight of pozzolanic fine powder (average particle size of 10 μm or less), 50 to 250 parts by weight of fine aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or less, water reducing agent The compound containing 0.5 to 6.0 parts by weight of water and 10 to 30 parts by weight of water is poured into a metal mold. The obtained cured product accurately reflected the mold shape of the casting and was excellent in dimensional stability in molding of details such as grooves, and the surface of the cured product was dense and suitable as a drain groove.

Furthermore, the fastness can be further enhanced by using organic fibers having a diameter of about 0.01 to 1.0 mm and a length of about 5 to 20 mm. Thus, it is possible to prepare a drainage plate having a hardened cement structure and a solid cement which is solid and has a small amount of dirt on the surface.

In addition, chemical admixtures such as water reducing agents, high performance water reducing agents, strength enhancers, and quick setting agents may be added. In the case where the landscape is important, it is preferable to add a pigment.

In the method for producing a floor board, concrete mixed with a mixer is transferred to a hopper or the like, and then poured into a mold to be molded. At that time, moderate vibration can be applied so that bubbles do not remain on the mold surface.

Curing is steam-cured so as to obtain a predetermined strength. The high-strength concrete can be subjected to primary curing at 20 to 40 ° C. for 12 to 48 hours and secondary curing at 60 to 90 ° C. for 24 to 48 hours.

In the seat plate, it is preferable that the cured body is further polished.

On the other hand, if fiber-reinforced plastic with a smooth surface is used for primary curing (material is unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, phenol resin, etc.), urethane resin, hard vinyl chloride, etc., heat resistance up to about 40 ° C It can be used sufficiently for primary curing, and then removed from the mold and subjected to secondary curing, so that a beautiful outer shape with a small surface roughness and gloss can be formed without polishing the surface of the cured body. .

In the seat plate, when ordinary Portland cement is used, it is also preferable to mix 5 parts by weight or less of a white colorant during production.

The following materials and molds were used.
1. Material 1) Cement: Normal Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement), white Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement)
2) Pozzolanic fine powder; silica fume 3) fine aggregate; mixed product of silica sand No. 4 and silica sand No. 4) high-performance water reducing agent; polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water reducing agent 5) water; tap water 6) inorganic powder; Limestone powder 7) Organic fiber; Vinylon organic fiber 8) Antifoam agent; Sannopco antifoam agent2. Formwork Metal formwork Heat-resistant plastic formwork; Polypropylene formwork

Example 1
Normal Portland cement 100 parts by weight, silica fume 32.0 parts by weight, fine aggregate 128
Part by weight, 1.0 part by weight of a high-performance water reducing agent (solid content with respect to cement), and 22 parts by weight of water were kneaded.
In the method described in “JIS R 5201 (Cement physical test method) 11. Flow test”, the flow value of the blend was measured without performing 15 drop motions. As a result, the flow value was 270 mm. The compound was poured into a steel plate mold of 600 mm × 1500 mm × 80 mm, pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The blend was poured into a 4 × 4 × 16 cm mold (made of steel), pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The compressive strength (average value of 3 pieces) of the test body was 150 N / mm ² . The bending strength (average value of 3 pieces) of the cured body was 24 N / mm ² . Further, the blend was poured into a mold (made of metal) having the shape shown in FIG. 1, pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The cured body was manually polished with a polishing cloth. The surface roughness (Rmax) was measured using a surface roughness meter based on “JIS B 0651”. As a result, it was a dense hardened body having a surface roughness (Rmax) of 5.0 μm. In addition, the cured product had little adhesion dirt and showed an excellent drainage effect.

Example 2
Normal Portland cement 100 parts by weight, silica fume 32.5 parts by weight, fine aggregate 120
Part by weight, 1.0 part by weight of a high-performance water reducing agent (solid content with respect to cement), 22 parts by weight of water, 30 parts by weight of limestone powder, and 2 parts by weight of vinylon organic fiber were kneaded. The flow value of the formulation was measured as in Example 1. As a result, the flow value was 240 mm. Further, the blend was poured into a mold (made of polypropylene), pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The compressive strength and bending strength were also measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the compressive strength was 185 N / mm ² and the bending strength was 24 N / mm ² . The surface roughness (Rmax) was also measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, Rmax was 4.7 μm. Even without polishing, the surface was smooth and dense, there was little adhesion dirt, and the drainage effect was particularly good.

Example 3
100 parts by weight of white Portland cement, 29 parts by weight of silica fume and 35 parts by weight of limestone powder were kneaded with 2 parts by weight of a high-performance water reducing agent (solid content with respect to cement) and 25 parts by weight of water in which an antifoaming agent was dissolved. Subsequently, a homogeneous mixture of 2 parts by weight of white pigment and 128 parts by weight of fine aggregate is added afterwards, and the flow value of the blend is described in “JIS R 5201 (Physical Test Method for Cement) 11. Flow Test”. In this method, the measurement was performed without performing the falling motion 15 times. As a result, the flow value was 270 mm. A part of the blend prepared as a test piece was poured into a formwork (made of steel) of φ50 × 100 mm, pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The cured body had a compressive strength (average value of 3) of 160 N / mm ² . The blend was poured into a 4 × 4 × 16 cm mold (made of steel), pre-positioned at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The bending strength (average value of 3 pieces) of the cured body was 23 N / mm ² . Further, the blend was poured into a polypropylene mold, pre-deposited at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, demolded, and further steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. As a result, it was a dense hardened body having a surface roughness (Rmax) of 5.0 μm. In addition, the cured product showed less gloss and less glossiness.

The shape of the leg portion 20 is not limited to the gate shape shown in FIGS. 5 and 8 and may be strong enough to hold the weight of the seat plate. Further, a backrest can be added to the bench, and these can be formed integrally, or a bench can be manufactured by retrofitting a leg portion and a backrest portion to a seat plate.

FIG. 9 shows a comparison of the temperature drop between the seat plate of Example 1 manufactured with the mold shown in FIG. 1 (shown as a slit) and the seat plate without a groove having a thickness of 60 mm (shown as flat). Each of the seat plates was held at 60 ° C. for 12 hours, and then the heat release for 1 hour was measured at a constant temperature and humidity of 19 ° C. and a humidity of 40%. As showed the temperature change of the control asphalt specimen under the same conditions.

A temperature difference of about 5 ° C. in 30 minutes and about 8 ° C. in 1 hour was observed. When both seat plates were measured on the diaphragm under the same conditions, this temperature difference further expanded. The vibration simulates a state with a slight wind. In Example 1, since there is a groove on the seating surface, the contact area of the body at the time of sitting is small, and the heat transfer is small, so that the effect on temperature is more than this temperature difference.

FIG. 10 shows a heat transfer example of an example of the seat plate of the present invention. In the thermostat, the seat plate of Example 1 (shown as slit) and the seat plate (shown as flat) with a thickness of 60 mm without grooves were heated to the same temperature. When a low temperature clay of the same size was mounted on the seating surface and the temperature rise inside the clay was measured using a temperature sensor, the time when the heat from the seating surface was transferred to the measurement point and a sudden temperature rise occurred (Seconds) can be extended by a factor of 2, and a temperature difference of about 3 degrees was maintained even after 1 minute.

The seat plate can be used for a bench installed outdoors.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Seat plate 1: Seat surface 2: Water guide groove part on a seat surface 3: Groove part on the back surface of a seat plate: Branch groove which drops in the slanting direction and collects water 20: Leg part 100: Bench

Claims (6)

In a concrete plate having a rectangular seating surface, a plurality of water guide grooves having substantially the same width that are slanted from the center line parallel to the long side on the seating surface to both the long side and the other opposing long side. A heat-dissipating concrete seat plate having a plurality of grooves parallel to the long side on the back surface of the seating surface, the groove depth of the plurality of water guide grooves is 5 to 15 mm, and the groove opening is 5 to 15 mm, groove interval is 10 mm or more, groove depth of a large number of groove parts parallel to the long side of the back surface is 30 to 60 mm, groove tip opening is 30 mm or less, groove bottom is 20 mm or less, groove spacing, 10 to 25 mm at the tip portion, the heat radiation concrete seat plate, wherein 15~30mm der Rukoto at the bottom. A plurality of branch groove portions that are inclined to collect water on the seat surface are connected to a plurality of water guide groove portions having substantially the same width that are inclined and connected to both the long side of the seating surface and the other opposing long sides. The heat-dissipating concrete seat plate according to claim 1 , wherein 3. The seat according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the seat surface is raised along a center line between the water guide grooves, and is collected into the water guide as an inclined surface or a curved surface to the water guide groove. Heat dissipating concrete seat. The white cement used in the seat plate, the compressive strength of the concrete test specimen, 150 N / mm ² or more, flexural strength, according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is 16.5N / mm ² or more Heat dissipating concrete seat. Claim 1 integrally molded with either the radiator concrete seat plate according to claim 4 or bonded with concrete or metal member, base concrete and providing a leg bench bench. In the production of the seat plate, subjected to cast using a plastic mold, the production method of the radiator concrete seat plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that no polishing after curing formation.