JP6366169B2 - Fresh plant support and transportation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fresh plant transportation means and method for transporting live fresh plants such as flower buds, foliage plants, vegetables, root vegetables, seedlings and the like in an active state from a planter to a dealer.

  As a method of transporting fresh plants in an active state, a method of wrapping a stem root in a water retention container (Patent Documents 1 and 2), a method of applying a bactericide and a nutrient to the stem root (Patent Documents 2 and 3), a stem root And the like are stored in a plastic film (water-impermeable back sheet, water supply pad, water reservoir cup) together with a water retention agent (Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6).

JP2011030305A (Patent No. 5306297) JP 2013-129431 A JP, 2014-012709, A JP 2007-097414 A (Patent No. 4785181) JP 2007-099285 A (Patent No. 4974502) JP 2008-265821 A

In the conventional method for transporting fresh plants, the trunk roots are sucked up and stored in water storage containers and packaging materials for transport, and not only the water for dripping but also the risk of dripping water during the transport process. Problems such as time-consuming operations for storing plants in water storage containers and packaging materials and taking out water storage containers and packaging materials are pointed out.
The techniques described in Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6 described above are intended to transport fresh plants without a water storage container or packaging material, and to eliminate water spillage during the transportation process. Therefore, it is difficult to admit that it has solved the target problem because it uses water retention materials and water storage containers that can store a large amount of water.

As a matter of fact, when watching fresh plants displayed in stores, potted pots do not store enough water to spill, and planted plants in vegetable gardens continue to live without water for 2-3 days.
Cuttings and buds are not performed on land where drainage is poor and water tends to accumulate, but on semi-dry land where drainage is good.
From this, fresh plants in the transportation process continue to grow even in a steam atmosphere where water vapor drifts, and it seems unnecessary to use a water storage container or packaging material in which water is stored to the extent that it spills.
In other words, the material necessary for the fresh plant in the transportation process is not a water retention material that stores and holds moisture, but a water vapor release material that emits the moisture stored and held as water vapor.

In the prior art, if a pulp or plant fiber that can absorb a large amount of water is used as a water retaining material, a water storage container is considered unnecessary.
However, moisture absorbed in pulp and plant fibers is not transferred directly to fresh plants and absorbed.
Further, although it is considered that water is emitted from pulp and plant fibers as water vapor, and fresh plants touch the emitted water vapor to absorb it, a particularly large amount of water vapor is not emitted from the pulp or plant fibers.
Even if the fiber material itself is a non-hydrophilic non-hygroscopic fiber that does not absorb moisture at all, such as polyester fiber and polypropylene fiber, the fabric made of the non-hydrophilic non-hygroscopic fiber is recognized as hydrophilic and hygroscopic. As the fineness becomes finer, the hydrophilicity and hygroscopicity increase.

When examined, the water vapor releasing rate at which water vapor is released per unit time from cotton cloth or pulp paper of unit mass consisting of sufficiently absorbed plant fibers is around 0.5% by mass.
On the other hand, the water vapor release rate at which water vapor is released per unit time from a synthetic fiber fabric made of non-hygroscopic polyester fiber or polypropylene fiber exceeds 1.0% by mass.

In modern times, where transportation has developed, fresh plants harvested by planters can be delivered to dealers in as little as 24 hours.
Therefore, if a fresh plant can be kept in a steam atmosphere for 24 hours, it can be transported in an active state capable of growing without requiring water storage means such as a water storage container or packaging material.

  The present invention has been completed on the basis of the above-described knowledge, and an object of the present invention is to deliver it to consumers in an active state capable of growing fresh plants without requiring water storage means.

  In the method for transporting fresh plants according to the present invention, a test body 29 prepared by superimposing a plurality of test pieces 27 formed by cutting a fabric into a rectangular shape is used. The moisture content (α) of the test piece 27 measured by loading the vertical cavity inside, defoaming it by submerging in water, lifting it from the water, placing the vertical cavity vertically on a wire mesh for 6 hours, After that measurement, the difference (α−β) from the moisture content (β) of the test piece 27 measured by placing it on the wire mesh for 24 hours is divided by 24 of the time between them to calculate per unit time. The trunk roots in the insertion gap 15 of the transporting fresh plant support 16 forming the insertion gap 15 in which the fabrics having a water vapor release rate (δ1) of 1% or more overlap to sandwich the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 are formed. 14 is sandwiched, and the water vapor release rate (δ1) is 1% or more. 11 released from the Mikine 14 fresh plant 13, characterized in that to maintain the steam atmosphere drifting water vapor transporting perishable plant 13.

Therefore, the fresh plant support according to the present invention has (a) an insertion gap 15 in which the fabrics overlap and sandwich the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13, and (b) water vapor release per unit time of the fabric. The rate (δ1) is 1% or more, and (c) the water vapor release rate (δ1) per unit time is 6 hours when the fabric specimen 29 is pulled up from the water and the vertically long cavity is directed vertically to the wire mesh. Difference (α−β) between the moisture content (α) of the test piece 27 measured after being placed and the moisture content (β) of the test piece 27 measured after being placed on the wire mesh for 24 hours after the measurement. (D) The fabric specimen 29 is loaded into the longitudinal cavity in a cylindrical case 28 having a longitudinal cavity, with the fabric specimen 29 being longitudinally elongated, and submerged in water. And (e) the fabric specimen 29 is a fabric that has been defoamed. The test piece 27 made by cutting to shape are those prepared by superposing a plurality of sheets, and also to form an insertion gap 15 sandwiching the Mikine 14 fresh plant 13 overlap each other (f) the fabric 帛, (F-1) The insertion gap 15 exists between the cloths that overlap each other, and (f-2) the insertion gap 15 is closed even if the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 is inserted. (F-3) The fabric has a gap inside the fabric, (f-4) The trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 is sandwiched between the closed insertion gaps 15 and the fabric is inside. It has the 1st characteristic that it is set | placed on water vapor | steam atmosphere by having a space | gap .

In addition to the first feature, the second feature of the fresh plant support according to the present invention is (g) the difference (α−β) between the initial moisture content (α) and the final moisture content (β). The water vapor release rate (δ2) per unit time calculated by dividing by 48 of the time from the first measurement time to the last measurement time is 1% or more, and (h) Is the time when the initial moisture content (α) of the test piece 27 was measured after being pulled out of the water and placed on a wire mesh with the vertically long cavity vertically oriented, (i)
At the time of the last measurement, the test piece 27 is placed on the wire mesh for 24 hours after the first measurement to measure the initial moisture content (α) of the test piece 27 and then placed on the wire mesh for 24 hours. 27 Ri der when the last moisture content (beta) was measured in, (j) the fabric is a pile fabric pile projecting from the base fabric, (k) fabric, voids therein may pile and pile It lies in the fact that you are present in between.

A third aspect of perishable plant support according to the present invention, the addition to the first and second one of the features, the bulk density of the fabric 帛 is 0.05 g / cm ³ or more ~0.20g / cm ³ It is in the following points.

The fourth feature of the fresh plant support according to the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the first, second and third features, the fabric is inserted into the base fabric 17 and the pile 18 is planted. The thickness (P) is a tufted pile fabric having a thickness of 3 mm or more .

Other, fresh plant support is fabric, the thickness formed by performing a punching the fiber web (P) may be I or punching nonwoven der 3 mm.

The fresh plant support 16 according to the present invention is drawn from water and placed on the wire mesh 30 with the vertical direction (M) vertically oriented for 6 hours, drained and measured for water content (α), and water. Water vapor release per unit time calculated by dividing the difference (α-β) from the moisture content (β) that is pulled up and placed vertically on the wire mesh 30 for 30 hours and divided by 24 It is constituted by the fabrics 11 and 12 having a rate (δ1) of 1% or more.
And the moisture content which the fabric 11 * 12 which comprises the fresh plant support body 16 is pulled up from water, and is mounted on the wire mesh 30 for 6 hours with the vertical direction (M) perpendicularly | vertically, drained, and measured. It is calculated by dividing the difference (α−β) between (α) and the moisture content (β) measured by being pulled from the water and placed vertically on the wire mesh 30 for 30 hours and divided by 24 of the time between them. If the water vapor release rate (δ1) of 1% or more is continuously released for 24 hours, the fresh plant 13 can be grown within 24 hours without using water storage means such as water storage containers and packaging materials. It can be delivered to the customer while keeping it in an active state.

As described above, in the present invention, water storage means such as a water storage container or packaging material is not required for transporting the fresh plants 13, so water supply work or drainage work to the water storage means before and after the transport , and fresh plants to the water storage means The loading operation or the operation of taking out the fresh plant from the water storage means becomes unnecessary, and the transportation cost of the fresh plant is reduced.

Since the specific gravity of synthetic fibers is generally considered to be 1, it can be considered that there are voids occupying 95% by volume inside the fabric having a bulk density of 0.05 g / cm ^3. I can do it.
Moreover, it can be considered that the inside of the fabric having a bulk density of 0.20 g / cm ³ has a void occupying 80% by volume.

If the fresh plant support 16 of the present invention is constituted by the fabrics 11 and 12 having a bulk density of 0.05 g / cm ³ or more and 0.20 g / cm ³ or less, 80% by volume or more is contained therein. There is a void occupying ˜95 volume%, and water vapor drifts in the wide void, and the trunk root 14 sandwiched in the insertion gap 15 of the fresh plant support 16 is placed in a water vapor atmosphere where it can be grown. It can continue to grow and be transported in an active state that can be grown.

The fresh plant support 16 having a bulk density of 0.20 g / cm ³ is bulky and light and does not fall off the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 due to the action of gravity, so that the fresh plant 13 is supported by the fresh plant support during the transportation process. The risk of falling off 16 is also avoided.

A punched nonwoven fabric having a thickness (P) of 3 mm or more formed by punching a fiber web or a tufted pile fabric having a thickness (P) of 3 mm or more in which a pile yarn 18 is implanted by inserting a pile yarn into a base fabric 17 The trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 supported by the fresh plant support 16 made of a punched nonwoven fabric or tufted pile fabric is not crushed during the transportation process.
And since punching nonwoven fabric and tufted pile fabric are excellent in cushioning properties and can be overlapped without gaps, the insertion gap 15 sandwiched between the trunk roots 14 of the fresh plant 13 is closed without gaps, and the trunk roots 14 are dried. It is placed in a difficult steam atmosphere.

In particular, the piles 18 of the tufted pile fabric are individually locked to the base fabric 17, and there is a free gap between adjacent piles where water vapor easily drifts and the hair roots easily extend.
Since each pile is composed of pile yarns in which a myriad of aligned fibers are gathered, the water given to the fresh plant support 16 is finely divided between the innumerable fibers that are aligned and adjacent to each other. It is held between the fiber gaps and released to the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13.
Further, since the through-hole generated when the pile yarn is inserted remains in the base cloth 17 that holds the pile 18, water vapor tends to drift through the front and back of the tufted pile cloth, and the fresh plant support The whole 16 forms a favorable environment for the growth of the fresh plant 13.

  Thus, the fresh plant support 16 that is a tufted pile fabric is advantageous for transporting the fresh plant 13 in a cultivatable active state.

It is a front view of the fresh plant support which concerns on this invention. It is a front view of the fresh plant support which concerns on this invention. It is a front view of the fresh plant support which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view in the handling process of the fresh plant support based on this invention. It is a perspective view in the use condition of the fresh plant support based on this invention.

  The fiber fabrics 11 and 12 constituting the fresh plant support 16 include a spunbond formed by thermocompression bonding of a fiber web, an air raid in which fibers are laminated by a high-pressure air current, and carding in which short fibers are entangled in a spinning process, Nonwoven fabrics such as melt blows in which melted fibers spun by hot melt are deposited, sequins in which fibers are entangled with a high-pressure water stream, and knee pans in which a fiber web is subjected to needle punching, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics are used.

These fabrics may be pile fabrics in which the piles protrude from the base fabric.
The pile nonwoven fabric is formed by needle punching with a fiber web and protruding some fibers to the surface with a needle. A pile woven fabric is formed by pushing up pile warp yarns on a ground weave structure by a moquette loom or a Wilton loom. A pile knitted fabric is formed by pushing up pile yarn onto a ground knitting structure by a sinker of a warp knitting machine or a weft knitting machine.
A pile fabric and a pile warp knitted fabric can be formed in a double by connecting two base fabrics formed in a double with pile yarn. The pile fabric can also be formed by inserting pile yarn into the base fabric in a tufted machine. The “pile fabric” referred to in the present invention also includes a fluffy fabric obtained by raising a woven fabric or a knitted fabric and raising the fluff of the raised layer of the fleece fabric through a shearing machine to arrange the pile fabric or Pile knitting can also be finished.

The fresh plant support 16 can be configured by folding or rolling a fabric, or by tearing the fabric in the thickness direction, or by stacking a plurality of fabrics, and between the overlapping fabrics and fabrics. This gap becomes the insertion gap 15.
The fresh plant support 16 with the overlapping fabrics can be partly bound, bound with a string 19 or a tape 20, or inserted into the cylindrical cover 21 to fix the shape. .

The “bulk density V (g / cm ³ )” of the fabric constituting the insertion gap 15 is obtained by dividing the fabric weight Q (g / m ² ) by the fabric thickness P (mm) (quotient: Q / P) is divided by 1000 and converted to "cm ³ " units.
The fabric thickness P (mm) is a stack in which a plurality (K) of fabrics are stacked until the apparent thickness S (mm) is 35 mm to 40 mm without being compressed, and the apparent thickness S (mm) is stacked. Divided by the number of sheets K (P = S / K).
Therefore, the thickness P (mm) of the fabric in the present invention means the apparent thickness thus calculated.
A fabric having an apparent thickness of less than 3 mm is used by superimposing a plurality of sheets and adjusting the apparent thickness to 3 mm or more.
In addition, the bulk density of a commercially available tissue paper having a basis weight of 11.28 g / m ² , an apparent thickness of 0.07 mm, a vertical and horizontal dimension of 19.7 cm × 21.7 cm, and 260 pairs of two double folds is 0.13 g / cm ³ . There are 260 sets of double folds and two folds, and they are marketed in a case where the internal thickness (height) is about 2 mm larger than the apparent thickness of 42.4 mm.
In order to make the fresh plant support 16 bulky, low in bulk density, and lightweight, it is preferable to use a crimped fiber having a single fiber fineness of less than 20 dtex.

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 1 is configured by folding one piece of fabric 11 (FIG. 1 a), and the root 14 is sandwiched in the insertion gap 15 in the folding process (FIG. 1 b) The gap 15 is closed.

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 2 is formed by folding one piece of fabric 11 and stitching edges that are perpendicular to the overlapping folds 23 with perforations 24, and between the edges facing the folds 23. It is openable and closable (FIG. 2a), and the trunk root 14 is sandwiched in the insertion gap 15 by opening between the edges (FIG. 2b).

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 3 is formed by folding a single fabric 11 into three folds (FIG. 3b) and further folding it in a direction perpendicular to the fold 23 (FIG. 3c). The overlapping insertion gap 15 and the insertion gap 15 are used by being bound by a rubber cord 19 (FIG. 3d), and the trunk root 14 is sandwiched between the insertion gaps 15 in the process of being folded in three.

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is configured by winding a single pile fabric 11 and rolls into the insertion gap 15 between the pile fabric and the pile fabric that overlap in the process of winding the roll. 14 is inserted (FIG. 4a). The fresh plant support 16 wound in such a manner is bound by a tape 20 (FIG. 4b) or used by being fitted into a water-permeable cylindrical cover 21 having a large number of water-permeable holes (FIG. 5). ).

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 6 is configured by winding up a single fabric 11 in a spiral shape.

  The fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 7 is configured by stacking two pile fabrics 11 and 12 with the pile surfaces facing each other, and is loaded into a cubic cylindrical cover 21 made of spunbonded nonwoven fabric. Yes.

A fresh plant support 16 shown in FIG. 8 is formed by putting a crack 26 in a fiber block 25 formed by cutting a thick spunbond nonwoven fabric containing a heat-fusible synthetic fiber into a cubic shape. Is the insertion gap 15 (FIG. 8a).
The fresh plant support 16 is used by opening the crack 26 (FIG. 8b) and sandwiching the trunk root 14 in the crack (FIG. 8c).

  In the present invention, “stem root” means a portion of a fresh plant that is sandwiched in the insertion gap 15, such as a stem, a stem, a branch, and a leaf axis, and a stem and a root that extend under the ground of the fresh plant.

In the present invention, the reason why a fabric having a bulk density of 0.05 g / cm ^{3 to} 0.20 g / cm ³ is recommended is that if the bulk density is less than 0.05 g / cm ³ , the internal voids are too wide and the water content is low. When the bulk density exceeds 0.20 g / cm ³ , the internal voids are small and the fiber density is dense and the water retention is increased, but the water stored in the internal voids is released. This is because the water vapor release rate (δ) of the fresh plant support 16 is less than 1%, and it is difficult to keep the fresh plant 13 in an active state where it can be grown.
In order to increase the water vapor release rate (δ), thermoplastic synthetic fibers, which are much less hygroscopic than plant fibers such as cotton fibers, kenaf fibers, hemp fibers, etc., in particular, pigments are kneaded into fiber polymers and spun. It is advisable to use the prepared thermoplastic synthetic fiber for the fresh plant support 16.

  In the present invention, the “moisture content α” of the fresh plant support is determined by cutting the fabric 11 which is the material of the support into a rectangle of length (M) 90 mm × width (N) 80 mm and measuring the water vapor release rate. 27, the plurality of test pieces 27 are stacked on a thickness of 35 mm to 40 mm, and a cubic cavity of width (X) 90 mm × depth (Y) 40 mm × height (Z) 90 mm, that is, a plurality of test pieces 27. A test for measuring the water vapor release rate by loading a cubic case 28 having a slightly larger volume than the cubic case 28 with air permeability and aligning the longitudinal direction (M) with the height direction (Z). The body 29 (FIG. 9) is submerged in water to eliminate the air inside the test body, the entire test body is impregnated with water, and is pulled up from the water and placed on the wire mesh 30 with the vertical direction (M) oriented vertically. Mass (B) of the specimen measured by draining and testing before immersion defoaming It is calculated by multiplying the mass 100 to a value obtained by dividing the difference (B-A) the mass of the immersion degassing prior to testing body (A) and (A).

In the calculation process, the mass of the cylindrical case 28 in which the test piece 27 is accommodated is subtracted from the mass of the specimen. Therefore, in the present invention, it is not necessary to define the mass of the cylindrical case 28.
The moisture content α of the fresh plant support is the difference (B−A) between the mass (B) of the test specimen and the mass (A) of the test specimen before immersion defoaming, and the mass of the test specimen before immersion defoaming. In the process of dividing the mass of the specimen by dividing by the mass of (A), the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the test piece 27, the thickness of the specimen 29, and the dimensions and mass of the cylindrical case 28 are erased. Therefore, unless the test body or the cylindrical case is replaced with another test body or the cylindrical case, there is no reason why the dimensions and mass should be accurately defined in the present invention, and those values are An outline of the dimensions and mass of the test body and the cylindrical case is sufficient. And in the calculation process of moisture content (alpha), there is no reason which should replace a test body and a cylindrical case with another test body and a cylindrical case.

  Therefore, the fresh plant support according to the present invention is (i) cut into a required size, adjusted to a required thickness, and (b) loaded into a cavity of a cylindrical case 28 having a cavity of a required size, C) Dehydrated by submerging in water; (d) Moisture content (α) measured by being drained and measured by being drained from water and placed on a metal mesh 30 with the vertical direction (M) oriented vertically for 6 hours; Per unit time calculated by dividing the difference (α-β) from the moisture content (β) taken from the water and placed vertically on the wire mesh 30 for 30 hours and divided by 24 of the time between them The fabrics 11 and 12 having a water vapor release rate (δ1) of 1% or more can also be expressed as a transporting fresh plant support that forms an insertion gap 15 that overlaps and sandwiches the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13. .

  In short, the moisture content α of the fresh plant support is measured by immersing the fabric 11 constituting the fresh plant support in water, lifting the fabric 11 vertically, cutting the water, and cutting the water. Is placed on the wire mesh 30 and the cylindrical case 28 is used as means for placing the wire 11 on the wire mesh 30 to support the fabric 11 in a vertically long shape.

The “moisture content α” of the fresh plant support is not only the bulk density of the fabric, but also the hygroscopicity of the fiber material constituting the fabric, the surface shape of the fiber, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, the single fiber fineness of the fiber, and the fabric Depending on the type of fresh plant to be transported, the fiber entangled structure, the fabric weave structure, the fabric knitted structure, and the bulk of the fresh plant support, that is, the vertical, horizontal, and height dimensions are appropriately adjusted.
Specifically, when the surface shape of the fiber changes, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber changes, and the uneven shape appearing in the cross-section of the fiber represents a groove attached to the surface of the fiber, and the number of grooves on the surface of the fiber is large. If the groove or the groove is deep, more moisture enters the groove, and the fiber becomes highly hygroscopic.

Regarding the single fiber fineness of the fiber, if the single fiber fineness of the fiber is fine, the specific surface area of the yarn or fabric that forms the fiber increases, and the amount of moisture adhering to the yarn or fabric that forms the fiber increases. The yarns and fabrics that are fibers are highly hygroscopic.
If the entanglement structure and the woven and knitted structure of the fibers constituting the fabric become fine and complicated, the gaps inside the fabric also increase and become finer. The fabric has high water retention and hygroscopicity.

Thus, the moisture content α of the fresh plant support varies depending on factors other than the bulk density of the fabric that is the material of the fresh plant support.
Which element determines the moisture content α of the fresh plant support is appropriately determined according to demand.

The fresh plant support 16 may be configured by stacking a plurality of fabrics and placing the fabric in a cylindrical cover 21 having an insertion port in which one of the width (L) and the depth (W) is longer than the other.
If the cross section of the fresh plant support is made non-circular or non-square in which either one of the width (L) and the depth (W) is longer than the other, the short direction when compressed in the long direction (L) ( W) A tear is generated between the cloths that spread and overlap each other, and the trunk root 14 of the fresh plant 13 can be sandwiched as the insertion gap 15 (FIG. 7).
For that purpose, the cross section of the fresh plant support is made thick enough to be grasped with one hand.
The non-circular shape in which one of the width (L) and the depth (W) of the insertion port of the cylindrical cover 21 is longer than the other includes an ellipse, and the non-square shape includes a rectangle, trapezoid, rhombus, Includes non-parallelograms and hexagons.

  The width (L), depth (W) and height (H) dimensions of the cylindrical cover 21 and the vertical (M) and horizontal (N) dimensions of the fabric are determined by the size of the fresh plant 13 sandwiched in the insertion gap 15. It is set as appropriate according to the dimensions of the trunk root 14.

The purpose and effect of the present invention is to deliver fresh plants that can be cultivated in an active state without requiring water storage means and deliver them to consumers. Even if it can be delivered to the consumer, it is not the original purpose of the present invention to deliver a fresh-looking fresh plant to the consumer.
This is because not all fresh plants that are in an active state that can be grown are flawless and look good, and even if they are in an active state that can be grown even in poor-looking plants, new shoots appear and grow into good-looking plants Because.
Therefore, in order to deliver good-looking fresh plants to consumers, the leaves and petals are wrapped in the outer sheet 10 at the time of shipment so as not to be crushed or hurt in the transportation process (FIG. 10), or the packing case is partitioned. Naturally, protective measures such as preventing fresh plants from touching each other are taken.

In short, the feature of the present invention is that it is not necessary to use a water storage means such as a water storage container or a packaging material in order to deliver to a consumer in an active state capable of growing fresh plants, that is, there is no need for water storage means. This does not mean that water storage means should not be used or that there should be no water storage means.
Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not reduced by the presence or absence of water storage means such as a water storage container or packaging material.

[Example 1]
A punched nonwoven fabric 11 having a thickness (P) of 5 mm, a weight per unit area of 403 g / m ² , and a bulk density of 0.08 g / cm ^{3 obtained} by depositing an acrylic fiber web having a single fiber fineness of 4 dtex on a polypropylene fiber base fabric and performing needle punching (FIG. 9a). ) Is cut into a rectangular shape of 90 mm in length (M) and 80 mm in width (N), and eight pieces of rectangular cut pieces are overlapped to create a test piece 27 for measuring the water vapor release rate (FIG. 9b), and the basis weight is 183 g / m ^2. Cubic Cavity of Cylindrical Case 28 (FIG. 9c) having a Cubic Cavity of Mass 3.36 g / m ² with Width (X) 90 mm × Depth (Y) 40 mm × Height (Z) 90 mm Further, the longitudinal direction (M) of the test piece 27 for measuring the water vapor release rate is aligned with the height direction (Z) of the cubic cavity, and the horizontal direction (N) of the test piece 27 for measuring the water vapor release rate is the depth of the cubic cavity. In direction (Y) Creating the vapor release rate measurement test 29 mass 26.36g / m ² was loaded Te Align (Figure 9d).

  The test body 29 is submerged in water, and defoaming treatment is performed in water to exclude air contained in the test body 29. The test body 29 is lifted out of the water and placed in the metal mesh 30 in the height direction (Z ) Is placed vertically for 6 hours and drained to measure the moisture content (α), and the moisture content (α) after the 6-hour placement is measured and then placed on the wire mesh 30 again for 24 hours. The water vapor release rate (δ) per hour is obtained by dividing the difference (α−β1) from the moisture content (β1) of the test specimen 29 measured in this way by 24 of the mounting time that has elapsed after being lifted from the water. When calculated (FIG. 9e), the water vapor release rate per hour (δ1) was 3.25% by mass.

  The difference (α) between the moisture content (β2) measured after the specimen 29 is further placed on the wire mesh 30 for 24 hours and the moisture content (α) measured by placing the specimen 29 on the wire mesh 30 for 6 hours first. -Β2) was first extracted from water and placed for 6 hours and measured by dividing by 48 of the elapsed time (δ2) was 4.92% by mass. there were.

As is apparent by comparing the initial water vapor release rate (δ1 = 3.25% by mass) and the final water vapor release rate (δ2 = 4.92% by mass), the final water vapor release rate (δ2) It is higher than the release rate (δ1).
The reason for the increase is that the gap inside the specimen expands as much as the moisture adhering to the inside of the specimen evaporates and is released, and the evaporated moisture moves through the gap and is easily released. I think that the.
Thus, the tendency for the last water vapor release rate (δ2) to be larger than the first water vapor release rate (δ1) is that the thickness (P) is 1 to 6 mm and the cushioning property is high, and the shape is relatively stable. Thus, it is observed in a nonwoven fabric in which moisture easily evaporates and internal voids are likely to appear.

[Example 2]
A pile yarn made of acrylic fiber spun yarn having a single fiber fineness of 7 dtex is tufted onto a needle punching base fabric 17, and a tufted pile fabric having a thickness (P) of 10 mm, a basis weight of 1290 g / m ² and a bulk density of 0.13 g / cm ³ is longitudinal. (M) Two sets of two pile fabric pieces each made of two rectangular cut pieces cut into a rectangle of 90 mm × width (N) 80 mm are superposed with the pile surface facing the same side. A test piece 27 for measuring water vapor release rate was prepared by stacking the pile fabric pieces with the pile surfaces facing each other, and a spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 183 g / m ² , width (X) 90 mm × depth (Y) 40 mm × The vertical direction (M) of the test piece 27 for measuring the water vapor release rate is placed on the cubic cavity of the cylindrical case 28 having a cubic cavity having a height (Z) of 90 mm and a mass of 3.36 g / m ^2. Way (Z) to the mating lateral (N) for the steam release rate measurements is loaded in accordance with the depth direction of the cuboid cavity (Y) Mass 38.36g / m ² test water vapor emission rate measured for the test piece 27 A body 29 was created.

  The test body 29 is submerged in water, and defoaming treatment is performed in water to exclude air contained in the test body 29. The test body 29 is lifted out of the water and placed in the metal mesh 30 in the height direction (Z ) Is placed vertically for 6 hours and drained to measure the moisture content (α), and the moisture content (α) after the 6-hour placement is measured and then placed on the wire mesh 30 again for 24 hours. The water vapor release rate (δ) per hour is obtained by dividing the difference (α−β1) from the moisture content (β1) of the test specimen 29 measured in this way by 24 of the mounting time that has elapsed after being lifted from the water. As a result of calculation, the water vapor release rate (δ1) per hour was 2.38% by mass.

  The difference (α) between the moisture content (β2) measured after the specimen 29 is further placed on the wire mesh 30 for 24 hours and the moisture content (α) measured by placing the specimen 29 on the wire mesh 30 for 6 hours first. -Β2) was first extracted from the water and placed for 6 hours and measured by dividing by 48 of the elapsed time from the time of measurement (δ2) was 2.38% by mass. there were.

As is clear by comparing the initial water vapor release rate (δ1 = 2.38% by mass) with the final water vapor release rate (δ2 = 2.38% by mass), the tufted pile fabric has the final water vapor release rate ( There is no change between δ2) and the initial water vapor release rate (δ1), and the water vapor release rate (δ) is stable. In this respect, the tufted pile fabric is suitable for a fresh plant support.
The reason why the water vapor release rate (δ) is so stable is that a pile layer excellent in compressive elasticity recovery force is interposed between the base fabrics of the overlapping tufted pile fabric, and the moisture contained in the pile layer is It seems that the bulk of the pile layer does not change even when released, and the gap between the base fabric and the base fabric partitioned by the pile layer is kept constant.

[Example 3]
Each of the punching test body and the tufted test body prepared in Examples 1 and 2 is used as the fresh plant support 16 in a state of being loaded in the cylindrical case 28, and the insertion gap 15 is formed between the overlapping fabrics 11 and 12. As a result, the cutout of the chrysanthemum trunk 14 was sandwiched, submerged in water, defoamed, and placed on the wire mesh 30 and observed. The body 16 was in a wet state, and the chrysanthemums were kept in an active state capable of growing (FIG. 9f).
After that, when the fresh plant support 16 was placed on a basin filled with water having a depth of about 5 mm, the chrysanthemum was rooted.

[Reference example]
Rectangle cut pieces obtained by cutting a newspaper with a thickness (P) of 0.13 mm, a basis weight (basis weight) of 43.7 g / m ² and a bulk density of 0.336 g / cm ³ into a rectangle of length (M) 90 mm × width (N) 80 mm A test piece for measuring a water vapor release rate having a thickness of about 40 mm obtained by superimposing 300 sheets of a sheet is formed into a spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 183 g / m ² , width (X) 90 mm × depth (Y) 40 mm × height (Z) In the cubic cavity of the cylindrical case 28 having a cubic cavity with a mass of 3.36 g / m ² of 90 mm, the vertical direction (M) of the test piece 27 for measuring the water vapor release rate is set to the height direction (Z) of the cubic cavity. the combined lateral (N) vapor emission rate measurement specimen 29 mass 95.42g / m ² was loaded in accordance with the depth direction of the cuboid cavity (Y) a water vapor emission rate measured for the test piece 27 Created and submerged in water as in Examples 1 and 2 The water vapor release rate per hour obtained from the moisture content (α) after being pulled out of the water and placed on the wire mesh 30 for 6 hours and the moisture content (β1) after being further placed for 24 hours The water vapor release rate (δ2) per hour obtained from (δ1), the water content after being further placed for 24 hours (β2) and the water content measured first (α) was calculated. The water vapor release rates δ1 and δ2 per hour were both 0.46% by mass.

  The difference (α) between the moisture content (β2) measured after the specimen 29 is further placed on the wire mesh 30 for 24 hours and the moisture content (α) measured by placing the specimen 29 on the wire mesh 30 for 6 hours first. -Β2) was first extracted from the water and placed for 6 hours and then divided by 48 of the elapsed time, and the water vapor release rate per hour (δ2) was 0.46% by mass. there were.

As the pulp paper of the reference example shows, the water release rate (δ) of the plant fiber fabric is low, and the plant fiber fabric seems unsuitable for a fresh plant support.
However, not all plant fiber fabrics are suitable for fresh plant supports.
In the case of pulp paper with a thin thickness (P = 0.13 mm) like the newspaper of the reference example, if several dozen sheets of paper are soaked, the permeated water and the eluted sizing agent function as a water-soluble adhesive. The overlapped pulp papers closely contact each other and the internal voids disappear, and the overlapping dozens of pulp papers harden like a hard pulp compression molding board that has been humidified, and the internal voids disappeared and penetrated into the interior. It is thought that it becomes difficult to release the moisture.

  Accordingly, even with highly hygroscopic plant fibers such as cotton fibers, kenaf fibers, and hemp fibers, a fabric having a high water vapor release rate (δ) can be obtained by stabilizing the structure of the internal gap of the fabric knitted and knitted fabric. It is possible to obtain a fabric having a high water vapor release rate (δ) by mixing with synthetic fibers having a low hygroscopic property, or to overlay a synthetic fiber fabric having a low hygroscopic property on a water vapor release rate (δ). ) Excellent fresh plant support can also be obtained.

  Therefore, in the present invention, it is better to use a thermoplastic synthetic fiber having a much lower hygroscopicity than a plant fiber such as cotton fiber, kenaf fiber or hemp fiber as a fresh plant support. It does not mean to be excluded from the plant support.

  As observed in Example 3, the fresh plant support of the present invention can be used for cuttings and cuttings, and can also be used for long-term preservation of seedlings and vegetables.

10: exterior sheet 11: fabric 12: fabric 13: fresh plant 14: trunk 15: insertion gap 16: fresh plant support 17: base fabric 18: pile 19: string 20: tape 21: cylindrical cover 22: pin 23: Crease 24: Perforation 25: Fiber block 26: Crack 27: Test piece 28: Cylindrical case 29: Test body 30: Wire mesh α: Moisture content β: Moisture content δ: Water vapor release rate H: Height L: Width M: Vertical N: Horizontal P: Apparent thickness W: Depth X: Vertical Y: Horizontal Z: Height

Claims (5)

(A) A fresh plant support for transportation in which a fabric overlaps to form an insertion gap (15) that sandwiches a trunk root (14) of a fresh plant (13),
(B) The water vapor release rate (δ1) per unit time of the fabric is 1% or more,
(C) The water vapor release rate (δ1) per unit time is measured by lifting the fabric specimen (29) from water and placing it on a wire mesh for 6 hours with the vertically long cavity vertically oriented. The difference (α−β) between the moisture content (α) of (27) and the moisture content (β) of the test piece (27) measured by placing it on a wire mesh for 24 hours after the measurement, Divided by 24,
(D) The fabric specimen (29) is a product in which the fabric is vertically long, loaded into the longitudinal cavity in the cylindrical case (28) having a longitudinal cavity, submerged in water, and defoamed. or,
(E) The fabric specimen (29) was prepared by superimposing a plurality of test pieces (27) formed by cutting the fabric into a rectangle, and
(F) forming an insertion gap sandwiching the Mikine (14) of the fabric 帛is overlap perishable plants (13) (15),
(F-1) The insertion gap (15) exists between the overlapping fabrics,
(F-2) The insertion gap (15) is closed even if the trunk root (14) of the fresh plant (13) is inserted,
(F-3) The fabric has voids inside thereof,
(F-4) The trunk root (14) of the fresh plant (13) is sandwiched in the closed insertion gap (15), and the fabric has a void inside, so that it is placed in a steam atmosphere. A fresh plant support for transport. (G) The difference (α−β) between the first moisture content (α) and the last moisture content (β) is divided by 48 of the time from the first measurement to the last measurement. The water vapor release rate (δ2) per unit time is 1% or more,
(H) At the time of the first measurement, when the first moisture content (α) of the test piece (27) was measured after being pulled out of water and placed on a wire mesh for 6 hours with the vertically long cavity vertically oriented,
(I) At the time of the last measurement, after placing the first measurement on the wire mesh for 24 hours, the first moisture content (α) of the test piece (27) is measured, and then placed on the wire mesh for another 24 hours. der when the last moisture content (beta) was measured in the location to the test piece (27) is,
(J) The fabric is a pile fabric in which the pile protrudes from the base fabric,
(K) fabric, voids therein may, pile and transport perishable plant support according to claim 1 that exists between the piles. The fresh plant support for transportation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bulk density of the fabric is from 0.05 g / cm ^{3 to} 0.20 g / cm ³ .   The transportable fabric according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the fabric is a tufted pile fabric having a thickness (P) of 3 mm or more in which a pile yarn (18) is planted by inserting a pile yarn into a base fabric (17). Fresh plant support. A fabric (11) containing water vapor with a stem root (14) sandwiched in the insertion gap (15) of the fresh plant support (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and having a water vapor release rate (δ1) of 1% or more. A fresh plant transporting method in which the fresh root (13) is transported by maintaining the trunk root (14) of the fresh plant (13) in a steam atmosphere where water vapor drifts.

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