JP6414058B2 - 電極用バインダー組成物および電極 - Google Patents
電極用バインダー組成物および電極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6414058B2 JP6414058B2 JP2015521459A JP2015521459A JP6414058B2 JP 6414058 B2 JP6414058 B2 JP 6414058B2 JP 2015521459 A JP2015521459 A JP 2015521459A JP 2015521459 A JP2015521459 A JP 2015521459A JP 6414058 B2 JP6414058 B2 JP 6414058B2
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- electrode
- molecular weight
- polyamic acid
- active material
- mixture slurry
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/002—Methods
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Description
本実施形態において、電極用バインダー組成物は、高分子量型のポリアミック酸および低分子量型のポリアミック酸を含む。
本発明に係る電極は、電極活物質と上記本発明に係るバインダー組成物とを含む電極合剤スラリーを用いて集電体上に活物質層を形成することで作製される。従って、本実施形態に係る電極は、電極活物質と、上記高分子量型および低分子量型ポリアミック酸のイミド化により生成されるポリイミドとを含む。
(負極活物質)
負極活物質としては、リチウムを吸蔵および放出し得る材料を含むものであれば特に限定されず、例えば、リチウムと合金形成可能な金属、リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出し得る炭素材料および金属酸化物等が挙げられる。この中でも、リチウムと合金可能な金属及び炭素材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むことが特に好ましい。
負極の作製方法としては、具体的には、上記負極活物質と、本発明に係るポリアミック酸を含むバインダー組成物を、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)等の溶剤に分散させ混練して混練物(電極合剤スラリー)とし、この電極合剤スラリーを金属箔等の負極集電体上に塗布し、高温雰囲気で乾燥することにより作製することができる。
本実施形態に係る正極は、正極集電体と、正極集電体の片面または両面に担持され、正極活物質、導電剤および結着剤を含む正極活物質層とを有する。
Lia(MxMn2−x−yYy)(O4−wZw) (1)
[式(1)中、xは、0≦x≦1.2、好ましくは0.4<x<1.1であり、yは、0≦y、好ましくは0≦y<0.5であり、かつ、x+y<2、0≦a≦1.2、0≦w≦1である。Mは、Co、Ni、Fe、CrおよびCuから選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、Yは、Li、B、Na、Al、Mg、Ti、Si、KおよびCaから選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、Zは、FおよびClのうち少なくとも一方を含む。]
で表される材料、例えば、LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4、LiCoMnO4、LiCrMnO4、LiFeMnO4、LiCu0.5Mn1.5O4などが挙げられる。
LiMPO4 (2)
[式(2)中、Mは、遷移金属であり、Fe、Mn、CoおよびNiから選択されるいずれか一種以上を含むことが好ましく、CoまたはNiのいずれか一方であることがより好ましい。]
で表される材料が挙げられる。
Li(LixM1−x−zMnz)O2 (3)
[式(3)中、0≦x<0.3、0.3≦z≦0.7であり、MはCo、NiおよびFeから選ばれる少なくとも一種である。]
で表される材料などを挙げることができる。また、これらの金属酸化物の一部を、Al、Fe、P、Ti、Si、Pb、Sn、In、Bi、Ag、Ba、Ca、Hg、Pd、Pt、Te、Zn、La等により置換した材料も使用することができる。
電解液には、溶媒に支持塩を溶解させた非水電解液を用いることが出来る。
正極と負極との間に設けられるセパレータとしては、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン、ポリイミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデン等のフッ素樹脂およびセルロース等からなる多孔質ポリマー膜や織布、不織布、あるいはイオン伝導性ポリマー電解質膜が挙げられる。これらは単独または組み合わせで使用することができる。また、セパレータ表面には、安全性の向上等、必要に応じてセラミック材料が付着または固着しても良い。
二次電池の外装体としては、電解液に安定で、かつ十分な水蒸気バリア性を持つものであれば、適宜選択することができる。例えば、積層ラミネート型の二次電池の場合、外装体としては、アルミニウム、シリカをコーティングしたポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン等のラミネートフィルムを用いることができる。特に、体積膨張を抑制する観点から、アルミニウムラミネートフィルムを用いることが好ましい。
本発明の負極を用いた非水電解質二次電池の構成について図面を参照しながら説明する。図2は、本発明の負極を用いた二次電池の概略構成図の一例である。正極は、正極活物質を含有する層3が正極集電体5上に形成されたものであり、負極は本願発明に係る製造方法により、負極活物質を含有する層4が負極集電体6上に形成されている。これらの正極と負極は、多孔質セパレータ7を介して対向配置されている。多孔質セパレータ7は、層3および4に対して略平行に配置されている。本発明の二次電池は、これら正極および負極が対向配置された電極素子と、電解液とが外装体8および9に内包されている。正極集電体5には正極タブ11が接続され、負極集電体6には負極タブ10が接続され、これらのタブは容器の外に引き出されている。本実施の形態に係る非水電解液二次電池の形状としては、特に制限はないが、例えば、ラミネート外装型、円筒型、角型、コイン型などがあげられる。
(負極の作製)
本実施例では、負極活物質としてSi、炭素(C)の重量比が82:3である混合物を用いた。また、バインダー組成物としては、高分子量型のポリアミック酸溶液(MW=50000)と低分子量型のポリアミック酸溶液(MW=500)を表1に示す溶質重量比で含む溶液を用いた。
作製した負極をLi金属の対極と積層し、電解液として1MのLiPF6を含むEC/DEC/EMC=3/5/2(体積比)を使用してモデルセルを作製し、0.55mA/cm2の電流密度で0.02〜1.0Vの電圧範囲で充放電を行った。充電および放電の開始から終了までに流れた電気量を充電容量および放電容量とし、一サイクル目の充電容量に対する放電容量の百分率を初回充放電効率として算出した。結果を表1に示す。
高分子量型のポリアミック酸溶液(MW=50000)および低分子量型のポリアミック酸溶液(MW=500)のいずれか一方のみを含むこと以外は実施例と同様にした場合の結果を表2に示す。
2 負極集電体
3 正極活物質層
4 負極活物質層
5 正極集電体
6 負極集電体
7 多孔質セパレータ
8 ラミネート外装体
9 ラミネート外装体
10 負極タブ
11 正極タブ
Claims (15)
- 重量平均分子量5000以上100000以下の高分子量型ポリアミック酸および重量平均分子量2000以下の低分子量型ポリアミック酸を含むことを特徴とする電極用バインダー組成物。
- 前記高分子量型ポリアミック酸と前記低分子量型ポリアミック酸の溶質重量比が2:10〜10:2の範囲にあることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極用バインダー組成物。
- 前記高分子量型ポリアミック酸と前記低分子量型ポリアミック酸の溶質重量比が5:10〜10:5の範囲にあることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の電極用バインダー組成物。
- 電極活物質と請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電極用バインダー組成物とを含むことを特徴とする、電極合剤スラリー。
- 前記電極活物質は、リチウムと合金形成可能な金属およびその合金、ならびに炭素材料からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上を含む負極活物質であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の電極合剤スラリー。
- 前記リチウムと合金形成可能な金属は、Si、Sn、In、Alからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の電極合剤スラリー。
- 前記炭素材料は、黒鉛およびハードカーボンから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の電極合剤スラリー。
- 集電体と、前記集電体上に形成された活物質層とを備える電極であって、
前記活物質層は請求項4〜7のいずれか一項に記載の電極合剤スラリーから形成されたものであることを特徴とする、二次電池用電極。 - 前記活物質層は、ポリアミック酸のイミド化によって生成したポリイミドを含むことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の二次電池用電極。
- 請求項8または9に記載の電極を備える非水電解質二次電池。
- 重量平均分子量5000以上100000以下の高分子量型ポリアミック酸および重量平均分子量2000以下の低分子量型ポリアミック酸を含む電極用バインダー組成物、ならびに
電極活物質
を混練する工程を含むことを特徴とする、電極合剤スラリーの製造方法。 - 前記高分子量型ポリアミック酸と前記低分子量型ポリアミック酸の溶質重量比が2:10〜10:2の範囲にあることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の電極合剤スラリーの製造方法。
- 前記高分子量型ポリアミック酸と前記低分子量型ポリアミック酸の溶質重量比が5:10〜10:5の範囲にあることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の電極合剤スラリーの製造方法。
- 請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法によって製造された電極合剤スラリーを集電体上に塗布する工程、および、
前記電極合剤が塗布された集電体を高温雰囲気下で乾燥することにより、前記電極合剤に含まれるポリアミック酸の少なくとも一部をイミド化する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、二次電池用電極の製造方法。 - 正極および負極の少なくとも一方が、請求項14に記載の製造方法によって製造された電極であることを特徴とする、非水電解質二次電池の製造方法。
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| JP5849452B2 (ja) | 2011-06-17 | 2016-01-27 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 電極用バインダー樹脂組成物、電極合剤ペースト、及び電極 |
| WO2013115219A1 (ja) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | リチウムイオン電池正極用樹脂組成物 |
| JP5099394B1 (ja) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-12-19 | Jsr株式会社 | 蓄電デバイスの電極用バインダー組成物 |
| KR20140017875A (ko) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 음극, 이를 포함하는 리튬전지, 바인더 조성물 및 전극제조방법 |
| JP5904335B2 (ja) | 2012-08-06 | 2016-04-13 | Jsr株式会社 | 蓄電デバイスの負極用バインダー組成物 |
| JP6269966B2 (ja) | 2012-10-12 | 2018-01-31 | Jsr株式会社 | 電極用バインダー組成物 |
| CN108701831B (zh) | 2016-02-10 | 2021-06-04 | 日本电气株式会社 | 二次电池用粘合剂 |
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2014
- 2014-06-03 WO PCT/JP2014/064776 patent/WO2014196543A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-06-03 JP JP2015521459A patent/JP6414058B2/ja active Active
- 2014-06-03 EP EP14806911.5A patent/EP3007256B1/en active Active
- 2014-06-03 US US14/895,586 patent/US10147952B2/en active Active
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|---|---|
| WO2014196543A1 (ja) | 2014-12-11 |
| JPWO2014196543A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| US10147952B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| EP3007256A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP3007256A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| EP3007256B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
| US20160133935A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
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