JP6442292B2 - Pantograph abnormality detection system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pantograph abnormality detection system for detecting a pantograph abnormality in a railway.

  A pantograph is mounted on a railway vehicle traveling in an electrified section (see Non-Patent Document 1). The pantograph collects current from the trolley line (aerial train line) to supply electric power to the railway vehicle. As shown in FIG. 8, the pantograph 2 includes a current collecting boat 21, a frame 22, a base frame 23, and the like. The current collecting boat 21 is supported by the frame 22 so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction. The frame 22 is provided on the underframe 23. The underframe 23 is fixed on the roof of the railway vehicle by an insulator 24. The current collector boat 21 includes a boat body 211, a sliding plate 212, and the like. The sliding plate 212 is a plate-like member that is in sliding contact with the trolley wire 6, has conductivity, has a certain degree of wear resistance, and decreases in thickness due to wear with the trolley wire 6. The boat body 211 is a member to which a sliding plate 212 is attached at the top, has electrical conductivity, and does not have wear resistance.

  When the railway vehicle is running, the pantograph 2 is in sliding contact with the trolley wire 6 and a large current collection current flows. When the pantograph 2 is prevented from contacting the trolley wire 6, a spark is generated at the sliding portion. When the spark energy is large, the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 is damaged (melted) by the spark, and in some cases, there is a possibility that the portion other than the sliding plate 212 may be damaged. According to the case of the applicant of the present application, damage to the sliding plate 212 tends to easily occur in the first train in a specific section and in the surrounding trains under specific weather conditions in winter. According to the applicant's investigation, the damage to the sliding plate 212 is caused by the fact that frost or ice / snow adheres to the surface of the trolley wire 6 and the contact with the sliding plate 212 is hindered. If damage to the sliding plate 212 is enlarged and the pantograph 2 is broken, the operation of the train is hindered. Furthermore, when the damaged pantograph 2 breaks the train line such as the trolley line 6, the train line needs to be restored, and it takes time to restart the operation. For this reason, when generation | occurrence | production of frost etc. is anticipated, the measure which raises the pantograph which is not used for current collection in the position before the current collection pantograph 2 in vehicle organization, and removes frost etc. which adhered to the trolley wire 6 In addition, measures are taken to suppress the collected current by slow driving. However, since it is difficult to reliably predict the occurrence of frost or the like, it is not easy to prevent damage to the sliding plate 212 due to frost or the like.

  When frost or the like adheres to the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 is damaged by sparks, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 rapidly decreases beyond the normal progress of wear. In addition to the frost and ice / snow adhering to the trolley wire 6, there is a possibility that the thickness of the sliding plate 212 may rapidly decrease due to a failure of the train track. If the thickness of the ground plate 212 decreases beyond a certain limit, damage to the ground plate 212 will lead to breakage of the pantograph 2. Therefore, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the pantograph 2 by detecting that the thickness of the sliding plate 212 has decreased beyond the limit.

  As a device for detecting the degree of wear of the sliding plate 212, a detection device using a wireless IC tag has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). This detection device is provided with a wireless IC tag on the sliding plate 212. The wear of the sliding plate 212 is caused by the wear of the sliding plate 212 and the removal of the wireless IC tag, making it impossible to receive radio waves from the wireless IC tag. Is detected. However, since the pantograph 2 generates a spark of a certain size due to instantaneous disconnection from the trolley wire 6 even during normal current collection, such a detection device is a wireless IC tag using a normal level spark. There is a risk that false detection may occur due to malfunction of the device or electromagnetic noise due to sparks. For this reason, it is not easy to detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2 using this detection device.

  When the pantograph 2 during current collection is prevented from contacting the trolley wire 6, a discharge occurs due to the current collection. An apparatus has been proposed in which an abnormality of the pantograph 2 is detected by imaging the brightness and spread of the discharge generated between the pantograph 2 and the trolley wire 6 from the ground (see Patent Document 2). However, since it is necessary to quantitatively determine the difference between normal and abnormal discharge brightness and spread, it is not easy to detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2 based on the discharge brightness and spread.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-300745 JP-A-8-275301

JIS E 6302: 2004 "Pantograph for railway vehicles"

  The present invention solves the above-described problem, and an object thereof is to easily detect an abnormality of a pantograph.

  The pantograph abnormality detection system of the present invention is for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph, and is provided with a light receiving device provided so that a specific portion in a current collecting boat of the pantograph is included in a light receiving range, and an output of the light receiving device And the specific portion is a portion that is in a high temperature state when an abnormality occurs in the current collector boat, and the light receiving device is generated when the specific portion is in a high temperature state. It has high spectral sensitivity with respect to light in a specific wavelength range emitted in association with a chemical or physical phenomenon, and the determination unit has a predetermined threshold value for the intensity of light in the specific wavelength range received by the light receiving device. When it is above, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph.

In this pantograph anomaly detection system, wherein the specific portion, Oh Ru at a portion in contact with the trolley wire when the abnormality collector boat has occurred.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, it is preferable that the specific portion is a hull of a current collecting boat.

In this pantograph anomaly detection system, wherein the specific portion is preferably a portion positioned below the sliding plate in the collector head.

  The pantograph abnormality detection system may further include a detection object provided in a current collecting boat, and the specific part may be the detection object.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, it is preferable that the detected object is provided in a portion that comes into contact with the trolley wire when the wear of the pantograph sliding plate has progressed beyond a predetermined limit value.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, it is preferable that the upper end of the detected object is located above the upper surface of the portion of the current collector boat that is located below the sliding plate.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, the light receiving device is configured to detect a chemical reaction caused by the specific portion itself when the specific portion is in a high temperature state, a chemical reaction between the specific portion and the atmosphere, and a specific portion and a trolley line. It is preferable to have high spectral sensitivity with respect to light in a specific wavelength region emitted in association with at least one of the chemical reactions with the contained substances.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, when the sliding plate contains carbon, the wavelength region in which the light receiving device has high spectral sensitivity indicates the wavelength of light emitted by a chemical reaction when the carbon is in a high temperature state. It is preferably set so as not to include.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, the light receiving device has a high spectral spectrum for light in a specific wavelength range that is emitted by discharge of a specific substance that is contained in the specific part and not contained in a trolley wire or a pantograph slip plate. It may have sensitivity.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, when the trolley wire contains copper, does not contain aluminum, and the sliding plate contains iron, and does not contain aluminum, the specific substance is aluminum, and the light receiving The wavelength region in which the apparatus has high spectral sensitivity is preferably set so as to include the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line of aluminum and not include the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line of copper and iron.

  In this pantograph abnormality detection system, it is preferable that a notification unit for notifying a train crew member of the abnormality is further provided, and the notification unit performs a notification operation when the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph.

  According to the pantograph abnormality detection system of the present invention, the specific part in the current collector boat of the pantograph detects light in a specific wavelength region that is emitted when the specific part is in a high temperature state. It is possible to easily detect an abnormality of the pantograph that is in a high temperature state.

The side view which shows arrangement | positioning of the light-receiving device of the pantograph abnormality detection system in the 1st and 3rd embodiment of this invention. The block block diagram of the pantograph abnormality detection system. The figure which shows the example of the light reception range in the same pantograph abnormality detection system. The block block diagram of the pantograph abnormality detection system which concerns on the modification of the 1st and 3rd embodiment of this invention. The block block diagram of the pantograph abnormality detection system in the 2nd and 4th embodiment of this invention. The front view of the current collector boat provided with the to-be-detected body in the pantograph abnormality detection system. The block block diagram of the pantograph abnormality detection system which concerns on the modification of the 2nd and 4th embodiment of this invention. The side view which shows the main structures of a pantograph.

(First embodiment)
A pantograph abnormality detection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 is a system for detecting an abnormality of the pantograph 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 includes a light receiving device 3 and a determination unit 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving device 3 is provided such that the specific portion 5 in the current collecting boat 21 of the pantograph 2 is included in the light receiving range 31. The determination unit 4 receives the output of the light receiving device 3 (see FIG. 1). The specific portion 5 is a portion that becomes a high temperature state when an abnormality occurs in the current collecting boat 21. The light receiving device 3 has high spectral sensitivity with respect to light in a specific wavelength region emitted in association with a chemical or physical phenomenon that occurs when the specific portion 5 is in a high temperature state. The determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2 when the intensity of light in a specific wavelength range received by the light receiving device 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

  The pantograph abnormality detection system 1 includes a notification unit 7 in addition to the light receiving device 3 and the determination unit 4. The notification unit 7 performs a notification operation when the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2.

  Each component in the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 will be further described in detail.

  In the present embodiment, the specific portion 5 is a portion that comes into contact with the trolley wire 6 when an abnormality occurs in the current collecting boat 21 and is the boat body 211 of the current collecting boat 21 (see FIG. 3). When the pantograph 2 is normal, the sliding plate 212 is in contact with the trolley wire 6.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the specific portion 5 is a portion located below the sliding plate 212 in the boat body 211 (the hatched portion in FIG. 3). This portion is not exposed to the upper part of the current collecting boat 21 if the sliding plate 212 is normal.

  The light receiving device 3 has a predetermined light receiving range 31. The light receiving range 31 includes the specific portion 5. The light receiving device 3 is provided in a vehicle on which the pantograph 2 is mounted (see FIG. 1). The specific portion 5 in the light receiving range 31 is located at a place entering the field of view from the light receiving device 3, that is, at the front surface or the back surface of the current collecting boat 21. The specific portion 5 may be the entire hull 211 that enters the field of view from the light receiving device 3 (see FIG. 3).

  Since the current collecting boat 21 is displaced in the vertical direction according to the height of the trolley wire 6, the light receiving range 31 is set so that the specific portion 5 is included even if the current collecting boat 21 is displaced in the vertical direction. .

  The light receiving device 3 includes an interference filter 32, a light receiving element 33, and a housing for housing them (see FIG. 1). The light in the light receiving range 31 enters the interference filter 32.

  The interference filter 32 has transmission characteristics sufficiently higher than the other wavelength ranges with respect to the light in the specific wavelength range, and selectively propagates the light in the specific wavelength range among the incident light to the light receiving element 33.

  The light receiving element 33 is an element that converts the intensity of light into an electric signal, and converts the intensity of light in a specific wavelength range propagated by the interference filter 32 into an electric signal. The electrical signal output from the light receiving element 33 to the determination unit 4 is, for example, a voltage.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the light receiving element 33 of the light receiving device 3 may have a high spectral sensitivity in a specific wavelength range, and the interference filter may be omitted. The light receiving device 3 selectively detects light in a specific wavelength region among incident light.

  By the way, as a very common example in which light in a specific wavelength region is emitted when an object is in a high temperature state, there is a substance combustion phenomenon. The light (flame) emitted when a substance burns (chemical reaction with oxygen) includes various spectra. For example, in the process where NOx (nitrogen oxide) is generated in exhaust gas by an extremely difficult chemical reaction called diesel combustion, it is estimated that it is emitted from CN (cyanide, a lethal poisonous gas) present as an intermediate product. CN spectrum is included in the flame. That is, an object under a high temperature condition may combine with other substances to form an intermediate product that is not normally expected at all, and may emit a special spectrum in the process. The present invention has been proposed in view of the existence of such an event, and the essence of the invention is that when the specific part 5 is in a high temperature state, the specific part 5 reacts alone or with surrounding substances. By focusing on the various spectra emitted along with the physical or chemical phenomena that occur, and capturing the spectrum in a wavelength range that is easy to distinguish from natural light or light emitted from surrounding objects, 2 is to detect an abnormality.

  In the present embodiment, the light receiving device 3 includes a chemical reaction caused by the specific part 5 itself when the specific part 5 is in a high temperature state, a chemical reaction between the specific part 5 and the atmosphere, and the specific part 5 and a trolley wire. 6 has a high spectral sensitivity to light in a specific wavelength region emitted in association with at least one of the chemical reactions with the substance contained in 6 (see FIG. 1).

  Carbon (C) is one of the main materials of the sliding plate, and some pantographs 2 have a carbon sliding plate. Carbon emits a spectrum of a specific wavelength in the process of generating some intermediate products and final products under a specific environment such as a high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to such a so-called interference spectrum emitted in the process of causing a chemical reaction of carbon.

  For this reason, when the slip plate 212 contains carbon, the wavelength range in which the light receiving device 3 has high spectral sensitivity does not include the wavelength of light emitted by a chemical reaction when the carbon is in a high temperature state. Is set.

  The determination unit 4 includes a setting unit 41 and a comparator 42 (see FIG. 2). The setting unit 41 is a circuit for setting a threshold value, and generates a voltage corresponding to the threshold value. This threshold value is set to a value that detects an abnormality in the pantograph 2 and prevents erroneous detection due to noise or the like. The comparator 42 is a circuit that compares two input voltage values and outputs different values depending on the comparison result. The comparator 42 compares the voltage output from the light receiving element 33 of the light receiving device 3 with the voltage output from the setting unit 41 and outputs the comparison result to the notification unit 7 as a voltage. In addition, the determination part 4 is not limited to such a circuit, For example, you may comprise using a microcontroller etc.

  The alerting | reporting part 7 is an apparatus which alert | reports an alarm by light, a sound, etc., for example, is a lamp | ramp and a buzzer, and is provided in the cab of a railway vehicle.

  The operation of the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 configured as described above will be described. When the pantograph 2 is disconnected and contact between the current collecting boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 is prevented, a spark S is generated between the current collecting boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 (see FIG. 1). When this spark S continues, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases rapidly. When the sliding plate 212 is damaged and the boat body 211 is exposed to the upper part of the current collector boat 21, a spark S between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 is generated between the boat body 211 and the trolley wire 6. . When the boat body 211 that is the specific portion 5 is burned by the spark S, light in a specific wavelength region is emitted along with the combustion. The intensity of light in the specific wavelength range detected by the light receiving device 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2.

  That is, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to the first embodiment detects a state in which the boat body 211 is exposed above the current collecting boat 21 as an abnormality of the pantograph 2. Such an abnormality is a breakage of the pantograph 2. Therefore, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the present embodiment is also called a pantograph breakage detection system.

  When the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2, the notification unit 7 performs a notification operation. The notification operation is generation of light or sound.

  When the train operator (crew member) recognizes the notification operation by the notification unit 7, he applies the brakes to stop the train and contacts the command station commander. Upon receiving the notification, the commander instructs the driver, the vehicle maintenance department, and the train track maintenance department to take measures when the pantograph is broken. In addition, the treatment when the pantograph is broken includes the inspection of the pantograph 2 in which an abnormality has occurred, the descent of the pantograph 2, the resumption of operation using another normal pantograph, the inspection of the train track, etc. It depends on the condition.

  As described above, according to the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to the first embodiment, since the specific portion 5 in the current collector boat 21 of the pantograph 2 is in a high temperature state, the light in the specific wavelength range that is emitted is detected. It is possible to easily detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2 such that the specific portion 5 becomes in a high temperature state as the light is emitted.

  By making the specific portion 5 a portion that contacts the trolley wire 6 when an abnormality occurs in the current collector boat 21, when an abnormality occurs in the current collector boat 21, it is between the specific portion 5 and the trolley wire 6. Since the spark is generated and the specific portion 5 is in a high temperature state, an abnormality of the pantograph 2 is detected.

  By detecting the specific portion 5 as the hull 211 of the current collecting boat 21, an abnormality of the pantograph 2 in which the hull 211 comes into contact with the trolley wire 6 and a spark is generated between the trolley wire 6 is detected. Can do.

  By making the specific portion 5 a portion located below the sliding plate 212 in the boat body 211 of the current collecting boat 21, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 is abnormally reduced, so that the boat body 211 is located above the current collecting boat 21. It is possible to detect breakage of the pantograph 2 that is exposed to the surface.

(Second Embodiment)
A pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the first embodiment, and the detected object 8 provided in the current collector boat 21. Is further provided. In the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment, parts that are the same as the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the following description, detailed description of the parts equivalent to the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the first embodiment is omitted. As shown in FIG. 6, the specific portion 5 is a detection target 8.

  The material constituting the detected object 8 does not have to be the same as that of the boat body 211, and the light emitted when it becomes a high temperature state can be easily distinguished from the natural light or the light emitted from the surrounding object. As appropriate, it is selected. That is, in the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment, the detected object 8 has a very high degree of freedom in material selection.

  In the present embodiment, the detected object 8 is provided in a portion that comes into contact with the trolley wire 6 when the wear of the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 progresses beyond a predetermined limit value.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the upper end 81 of the detected object 8 is positioned above the upper surface 211a of the portion of the boat body 211 of the current collector boat 21 that is positioned below the sliding plate 212.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a light receiving element 33 of the light receiving device 3 having a high spectral sensitivity in a specific wavelength region may be used, and the interference filter may be omitted. The light receiving device 3 selectively detects light in a specific wavelength region among incident light.

  The operation of the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 configured as described above will be described. When the pantograph 2 is disconnected and contact between the current collecting boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 is prevented, a spark is generated between the current collecting boat 21 and the trolley wire 6. As this spark continues, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases rapidly. When the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases and the detected body 8 becomes the same height as the upper surface of the sliding plate 212, a spark is generated between the detected body 8 and the trolley wire 6. When the object 8 to be detected, which is the specific portion 5, is burned by this spark, light in a specific wavelength region accompanying the combustion is emitted. The intensity of light in the specific wavelength range detected by the light receiving device 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2. That is, in the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to the second embodiment, the abnormality of the pantograph 2 indicates that the thickness of the sliding plate 212 is reduced and the detected object 8 becomes the same height as the upper surface of the sliding plate 212. Detect.

  As described above, according to the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to the second embodiment, the intensity of the light in the specific wavelength range emitted along with the combustion of the detected object 8 (specific part 5) of the current collecting boat 21 of the pantograph 2. Therefore, it is possible to easily detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2 such that the detected object 8 provided in the current collector boat 21 burns.

  By providing the detected object 8 at a portion that contacts the trolley wire 6 when the wear of the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 progresses beyond a predetermined limit value, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 is reduced to the limit value. Can be detected.

  Since the upper end 81 of the detected object 8 is positioned above the upper surface 211 a of the portion of the current boat 211 of the current collector boat 21 that is located below the sliding plate 212, the boat body 211 is exposed above the current collector boat 21. An abnormality of the pantograph 2 can be detected at a time before the pantograph 2 is damaged.

  By detecting such an abnormality, it can be predicted that the pantograph 2 will be damaged if current collection is continued as it is, so that the pantograph 2 can be prevented from being damaged. For this reason, the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment is also called a pantograph breakage prediction system.

  When a carbon scraper is used for the pantograph, the progress of trolley wire wear is slower than when a metal scraper is used, and the life of the trolley wire is greatly extended. Further, since the sliding surface of the trolley wire is smoothed by the carbon scraping plate, the progress of the scraping plate wear is also slowed down. Furthermore, when the sliding surface of the trolley wire is smoothed by the carbon scraping plate, frost hardly adheres to the sliding surface of the trolley wire. However, the carbon strip is weak against sparks and easily damaged compared to the metal strip. Also, immediately after changing from a metal strip to a carbon strip, the sliding surface of the trolley wire is rough, so during the transitional period until the sliding surface of the trolley wire is smoothed, the pantograph has sparks due to separation. It is easy to occur and the progress of wear on the sliding plate is fast. Since there is a concern about the breakage of the carbon slip plate during such a transitional period, the introduction of the carbon slip plate is not easy. When the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment is used, damage to the pantograph can be predicted, so that damage to the pantograph accompanying the introduction of the carbon slip plate is prevented, and the introduction of the carbon slip plate is facilitated. The pantograph abnormality detection system 10 promotes the introduction of the carbon slip plate, reduces the cost of replacing the trolley wire and the replacement cost of the slip plate, and prevents damage to the pantograph due to frost adhering to the trolley wire.

(Third embodiment)
A pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the first embodiment. In the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the third embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the following description, detailed description of the parts equivalent to the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 of the first embodiment is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the light receiving device 3 is high with respect to light in a specific wavelength range that is emitted by discharge of a specific substance that is contained in the specific portion 5 and not contained in the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2. Has spectral sensitivity.

  The interference filter 32 of the light receiving device 3 selectively propagates the light of the specific spectral line of the specific substance to the light receiving element 33. That is, the light of the specific spectral line of the specific substance is light in a specific wavelength range emitted by the discharge of the specific substance.

  The presence of the specific substance is detected by detecting the characteristic spectral line of the specific substance. Note that it is not necessary to detect all of the plurality of eigenspectral lines of the specific substance, and typical eigenspectral lines may be detected.

  For example, when the trolley wire 6 contains copper and does not contain aluminum, and the sliding plate 212 contains iron and does not contain aluminum, the specific substance is aluminum. The wavelength range in which the light receiving device 3 has high spectral sensitivity is set so as to include the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line of aluminum and not include the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line of copper and iron.

  For substances other than copper and iron contained in the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212, a wavelength region in which the light receiving device 3 has high spectral sensitivity is set so that the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line is not included, or such It is a design matter whether the threshold value in the determination unit 4 is set higher than the light intensity of the characteristic spectrum line of a small amount of substance.

  Eigenspectral lines will be described. When a substance is turned into plasma by discharge, electrons in atoms in the substance are excited to a high energy state. The excited electrons emit light and return to a low energy state. For this reason, light emission is generated by the discharge. When this emission is dispersed, it becomes a set of discrete bright lines with respect to the wavelength. Such an emission line is called an intrinsic spectral line because it has a wavelength unique to the substance. The wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line is, for example, 394.4 nm for aluminum, 224.2 nm for copper (see, for example, JP-A-8-50097), and 271.4 nm for iron.

  In general, the pantograph 2 is easier to follow the trolley wire 6 as the mass of the current collecting boat 21 is smaller, and the current collecting performance is better. For this reason, the pantograph 2 mounted on a vehicle of a high-speed railway (for example, the Shinkansen railway defined in Article 2 of the National Shinkansen Railway Development Law) is made of an aluminum alloy hull 211 in order to reduce the weight of the current collector boat. Have The aluminum alloy is mostly aluminum and does not contain copper or iron. In the Shinkansen railway, a sliding plate 212 made of an iron-based sintered alloy is used, and most of its components are iron and do not contain aluminum. The trolley wire 6 is made of a copper alloy, and most of the components are copper and do not contain aluminum. In addition, as a trolley wire corresponding to high-speed traveling, a composite trolley wire having a steel core covered with aluminum has been installed (see, for example, JP-A-8-132932). Currently, a composite trolley wire having aluminum is used. The line is not erected.

  In addition, when the boat body 211 contains magnesium, since the trolley wire 6 and the sliding board 212 do not contain magnesium, it is good also considering a specific substance as magnesium.

  The operation of the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 configured as described above will be described. When the current collector boat 21 is disconnected from the trolley wire 6 during the current collection of the pantograph 2, a discharge is generated between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 (see FIG. 1). If the pantograph 2 is normal, the collected current flows between the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212 of the current collecting boat 21 (see FIG. 3), so that the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212 are included in the discharge light. The intrinsic spectral lines of the substances (mainly copper and iron) contained in are included, and the intrinsic spectral lines of the specific substance (aluminum) are not included.

  When frost or the like adheres to the trolley wire 6 and the discharge between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 continues, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases rapidly. When the sliding plate 212 is damaged and the boat body 211 is exposed to the upper part of the current collector boat 21, a discharge between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 occurs between the boat body 211 and the trolley wire 6. At this time, the discharge light includes the characteristic spectral lines of the specific substance (aluminum) contained in the specific portion 5 (boat body 211). The intensity of light in the specific wavelength range detected by the light receiving device 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2. That is, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to the third embodiment detects a state in which the boat body 211 is exposed on the upper part of the current collecting boat 21 as an abnormality of the pantograph 2. Such an abnormality is a breakage of the pantograph 2. The pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to the third embodiment is also called a pantograph breakage detection system, as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 according to the third embodiment, the intensity of the light in the specific wavelength range emitted by the discharge of the specific substance contained in the specific portion 5 is detected. An abnormality of the pantograph 2 that discharges can be easily detected. In addition, since this specific substance is not contained in the trolley wire 6 and the pantograph 2 slip plate 212, even if a discharge occurs between the trolley wire 6 and the pantograph 212, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 performs the pantograph operation. It is not determined that an abnormality has occurred in 2, and erroneous detection can be prevented.

  When the specific substance is aluminum and the light receiving device 3 includes the wavelength of the intrinsic spectral line of aluminum in the wavelength range where the spectral sensitivity is high, the pantograph abnormality detection system 1 causes the specific part 5 containing aluminum to discharge. 2 abnormalities can be detected. In addition, since the wavelength range in which the light receiving device 3 has high spectral sensitivity does not include the wavelengths of the intrinsic spectral lines of copper and iron, even if arc discharge occurs between the trolley wire 6 and the sliding plate 212, the pantograph abnormality The detection system 1 does not determine that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2 and can prevent erroneous detection.

(Fourth embodiment)
A pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. As shown in FIG. 5, the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment. In the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the fourth embodiment, parts that are the same as those of the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the following description, detailed description of portions equivalent to the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the second embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the specific portion 5 is a detection target 8. The detected object 8 is formed by molding an aluminum plate, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the detected object 8 is provided in a portion that comes into contact with the trolley wire 6 when the wear of the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 progresses beyond a predetermined limit value.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the upper end 81 of the detected object 8 is positioned above the upper surface 211a of the portion of the boat body 211 of the current collector boat 21 that is positioned below the sliding plate 212.

  The operation of the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 configured as described above will be described. When the current collector boat 21 is disconnected from the trolley wire 6 during the current collection of the pantograph 2, a discharge is generated between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6. When frost or the like adheres to the trolley wire 6 and the discharge between the current collector boat 21 and the trolley wire 6 continues, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases rapidly. When the thickness of the sliding plate 212 decreases and the detected body 8 becomes the same height as the upper surface of the sliding plate 212, a discharge occurs between the detected body 8 and the trolley wire 6. At this time, the discharge light includes the characteristic spectral lines of the specific substance (aluminum) contained in the specific portion 5 (detected body 8). The intensity of light in the specific wavelength range detected by the light receiving device 3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and the determination unit 4 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the pantograph 2. That is, in the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to the fourth embodiment, the abnormality of the pantograph 2 indicates that the thickness of the sliding plate 212 is reduced and the detected object 8 is at the same height as the upper surface of the sliding plate 212. Detect.

  As described above, according to the pantograph abnormality detection system 10 according to the fourth embodiment, the intensity of light in a specific wavelength region emitted along with the discharge of the detection target 8 (specific part 5) of the current collecting boat 21 of the pantograph 2. Therefore, it is possible to easily detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2 in which the detected object 8 provided in the current collector boat 21 is discharged.

  By providing the detected object 8 at a portion that contacts the trolley wire 6 when the wear of the sliding plate 212 of the pantograph 2 progresses beyond a predetermined limit value, the thickness of the sliding plate 212 is reduced to the limit value. Can be detected.

  Since the upper end 81 of the detected object 8 is positioned above the upper surface 211 a of the portion of the current boat 211 of the current collector boat 21 that is located below the sliding plate 212, the boat body 211 is exposed above the current collector boat 21. An abnormality of the pantograph 2 can be detected at a time before the pantograph 2 is damaged.

  The pantograph abnormality detection system 10 of the fourth embodiment is also called a pantograph breakage prediction system, as in the second embodiment.

  In addition, this invention is not restricted to the structure of said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible in the range which does not change the summary of invention. For example, the light receiving device is configured to detect the abnormality of the pantograph 2 by combining the first embodiment and the third embodiment, and detecting light in a specific wavelength region emitted along with combustion and discharge of the hull 211. A spectral sensitivity of 3 may be set. Further, the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment are combined, and light in a specific wavelength range emitted along with combustion and discharge of the detected object 8 is detected to detect an abnormality of the pantograph 2. The spectral sensitivity of the device 3 may be set.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 10 Pantograph abnormality detection system 21 Current collecting boat 211 Ship body 212 Sliding plate 3 Light receiving device 31 Light receiving range 4 Judgment part 5 Specific part 7 Notification part 8 Detected object

Claims (11)

A pantograph abnormality detection system for detecting a pantograph abnormality,
A light receiving device provided so that a specific portion in the current collector boat of the pantograph is included in the light receiving range;
A determination unit to which the output of the light receiving device is input,
The specific portion is a portion that comes into contact with the trolley wire and becomes a high temperature state when an abnormality occurs in the current collector boat,
The light receiving device has a high spectral sensitivity to light in a specific wavelength range that is emitted in association with a chemical or physical phenomenon that occurs when the specific portion is in a high temperature state,
The pantograph abnormality detection system, wherein the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in a pantograph when the intensity of light in a specific wavelength range received by the light receiving device is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. The pantograph abnormality detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the specific portion is a boat body of a current collecting boat. The pantograph abnormality detection system according to claim 2 , wherein the specific portion is a portion located under a sliding plate in the boat body. It further comprises a detected object provided on the current collector boat,
The pantograph abnormality detection system according to claim 1 , wherein the specific portion is the object to be detected. 5. The pantograph abnormality detection system according to claim 4 , wherein the detected object is provided in a portion that comes into contact with a trolley wire when wear of a pantograph sliding plate progresses beyond a predetermined limit value. 6. The pantograph abnormality detection system according to claim 5 , wherein an upper end of the detected object is located above an upper surface of a portion of the current collector boat that is located below the sliding plate. The light receiving device includes a chemical reaction caused by the specific part itself when the specific part is in a high temperature state, a chemical reaction between the specific part and the atmosphere, and a chemical reaction between the specific part and a substance included in the trolley wire. pantograph abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a high spectral sensitivity to light of a specific wavelength region that is at least emitted with the any of the chemistry . When the sliding plate contains carbon,
Wavelength region having a high spectral sensitivity the light receiving device, according to claim 7, characterized in that it is set so as not to include the wavelength of light emitted by a chemical reaction when carbon is a high temperature state Pantograph abnormality detection system. The light receiving device has high spectral sensitivity with respect to light in a specific wavelength range that is emitted by discharge of a specific substance that is contained in the specific portion and not contained in a trolley wire or a pantograph slip plate. The pantograph abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . When the trolley wire contains copper, does not contain aluminum, and the sliding plate contains iron, does not contain aluminum,
The specific substance is aluminum,
Wavelength region having a high spectral sensitivity the light receiving device, according to claim 9, characterized in that includes a wavelength of aluminum-specific spectral lines are set so as not to include a wavelength specific spectral lines of copper and iron Pantograph abnormality detection system. It further includes a notifying unit for notifying the train crew of the abnormality,
The pantograph abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the notification unit performs a notification operation when the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in a pantograph.

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