JP6450656B2 - SOLAR CELL CHARGING DEVICE, TRANSPORTATION DEVICE, AND SOLAR CELL CHARGING METHOD - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar battery charger, a transport device, and a solar battery charging method for charging a battery with electric power generated by a solar battery.

  In recent years, various solar battery charging systems have been proposed for charging a battery with electric power generated by a solar battery. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a solar cell module and an MPPT (Maximum) that automatically follows an optimum operating point so as to extract the maximum power from the solar cell module and converts the power from the solar cell module to an appropriate voltage. A power point tracking module, a capacitor that temporarily stores power supplied from the solar cell module through the MPPT module, a converter that converts a DC voltage supplied from the capacitor into a predetermined voltage, a secondary battery, An in-vehicle electrical system including a BMU (Battery Management Unit) that controls and protects the charge and discharge of a secondary battery, a load that is driven by power supply, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls various devices is disclosed. Has been.

JP 2014-42404 A

  In the in-vehicle electric system described in Patent Document 1, the electric power generated by the solar cell module is temporarily stored in the capacitor, and the load is driven or the secondary battery is charged by the electric power stored in the capacitor. Control of charging of the secondary battery is performed by a BMU provided on a power supply line from the capacitor to the secondary battery. For this reason, when the secondary battery is charged, the BMU is always in an activated state, and it is difficult to reduce the power consumption of the BMU in the system. Moreover, in the vehicle-mounted electric system described in Patent Document 1, the power generated by the solar cell module is used to cover the power consumption due to the weight increase of the solar cell module mounted on the vehicle with the power generated by the solar cell module. It is necessary to reduce consumption as much as possible.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solar battery charging device, a transport device, and a solar battery charging method capable of charging a battery by a solar battery without activating a unit that comprehensively manages the battery.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and is connected in parallel. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of said adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), and, of the adjusting portion A power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later) having a voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) for measuring an output voltage;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A management module (for example, a BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less, the voltage Based on the measurement value of the measurement unit, the charging mode of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell is controlled.

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1,
Contactor group (for example, contactor group in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of contactors (for example, contactors C1 to C3 in an embodiment described later) provided between the capacitors included in the capacitor group and the load. C)
The management module includes a contactor control unit (for example, a contactor control unit 123 in an embodiment described later) that controls each open / closed state of the plurality of contactors.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2,
A plurality of diodes (for example, diodes D1 to D1 in the embodiments described later) provided between the power conversion module and each capacitor included in the capacitor group with the direction from the power conversion module to the capacitor as a forward direction. D3).

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the capacitor group is charged in a first mode (for example, MPPT mode in an embodiment described later), and the voltage measuring unit measures After the voltage reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged in a second mode in which the state of the battery group can be maintained (for example, a CC mode or a CV mode in an embodiment described later), and the battery When the state of the group changes, the operation of the adjustment unit is controlled so as to resume the charging of the battery group in the first mode.

The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit becomes the predetermined value. After reaching, the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current, and when the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode. The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to resume the process.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 5,
The constant output current is equal to the discharge current of the capacitor required for detecting the voltage of each capacitor included in the capacitor group, and the threshold value is equal to the predetermined value.

The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 4,
The power conversion module includes a current measurement unit (for example, a second current sensor 116 in an embodiment described later) that measures an output current of the adjustment unit,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit becomes the predetermined value. After reaching, the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage, and when the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to resume the process.

The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7,
The constant output voltage is equal to the predetermined value voltage.

The invention according to claim 9 is:
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that are adjusted in parallel with the power generated by the solar cell. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of said adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), and, of the adjusting portion A power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later) having a voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) for measuring an output voltage;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A management module (for example, a BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to do so.

The invention according to claim 10 is:
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and is connected in parallel. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of the adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), the output voltage of the adjusting unit A voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) and a current measurement unit (for example, a second current sensor 116 in an embodiment described later) for measuring the output current of the adjustment unit. ) Having a power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later),
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A management module (for example, a BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage and the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to do so.

  The invention described in claim 11 is a transport device having the solar battery charger according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

The invention according to claim 12
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and is connected in parallel. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of said adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), and, of the adjusting portion A power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later) having a voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) for measuring an output voltage;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A management module (for example, a BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment;
A solar battery charging method using a solar battery charger comprising:
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less, the voltage Based on the measurement value of the measurement unit, the charging mode of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell is controlled.

The invention according to claim 13
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and is connected in parallel. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of said adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), and, of the adjusting portion A power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later) having a voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) for measuring an output voltage;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A management module (for example, a BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment;
A solar battery charging method using a solar battery charger comprising:
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to do so.

The invention according to claim 14
A solar cell (for example, solar cell 101 in an embodiment described later);
A storage battery group (for example, storage battery group B in an embodiment described later) including a plurality of storage batteries (for example, storage batteries B1 to B3 in an embodiment described later) that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and is connected in parallel. adjustment unit for outputting (e.g., power adjustment unit 111 in the embodiment), the control unit for controlling the operation of the adjusting unit (e.g., controller 112 in the embodiment), the output voltage of the adjusting unit A voltage measurement unit (for example, a second voltage sensor 115 in an embodiment described later) and a current measurement unit (for example, a second current sensor 116 in an embodiment described later ) for measuring the output current of the adjustment unit. ) Having a power conversion module (for example, a power conversion module 103 in an embodiment described later),
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group (for example, a load 105 in an embodiment described later);
A deriving unit (for example, a remaining capacity deriving unit 121 in an embodiment described later) for deriving the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit (for example, described later) for controlling charging / discharging of the capacitor group A solar battery charging method using a solar battery charger including a management module (e.g., BMU 107 in an embodiment described later) having a charge / discharge control unit 122) in the embodiment ,
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage and the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. The operation of the adjusting unit is controlled so as to do so.

  According to the inventions of claims 1, 11 and 12, the generated power of the solar cell is performed when the battery group does not supply power to the load and the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. The charging of the battery group by is performed in a state in which the management module is stopped. For this reason, since the power consumption of the management module at the time of charge of a battery group can be reduced, the consumption of the electric power obtained from a solar cell can be reduced, and it can store efficiently. Further, according to the present invention, the power generated by the solar cell is used to cover the power consumption due to the increase in the weight of the solar cell charging device during travel of the transportation device equipped with the solar cell charging device. Consumption can be reduced as much as possible.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the contactor is provided between each of the capacitors included in the capacitor group and the load. Since the current flowing through each current path between each capacitor and the load is smaller than the current flowing through one current path in which a plurality of current paths are integrated, use a low-cost contactor that supports a small current. Can do.

  According to the invention of claim 3, a plurality of diodes provided with the direction from the power conversion module to the capacitor as the forward direction is provided between the power conversion module and each capacitor included in the capacitor group. The diode opens the contactor so that each capacitor becomes independent, and even if a difference occurs in the voltage of each capacitor, it is possible to prevent current from flowing between the capacitors. In addition, when the power conversion module is short-circuited, current from the battery to the solar cell side can be prevented. Therefore, stable operation of the solar battery charger can be realized without operating the management module.

  According to the inventions of claims 4 to 10, 13 and 14, when the battery group is fully charged, charging in different modes is performed so that the battery group can maintain this state. In addition, based on the state change of the battery group when power is taken out from the battery group, charging can be resumed by returning to the first mode (MPPT mode) until the voltage of the battery group reaches a predetermined value. . Therefore, the battery group can be maintained in a fully charged state while the management module is in a suspended state.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the solar cell charging device of one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the optimal operating point of the generated electric power of the solar power generation part by the difference in weather conditions. 3 is a flowchart illustrating charging of a battery group using generated power of the solar battery according to the first embodiment. 6 is a flowchart showing charging of a battery group using power generated by a solar battery according to Example 2. 10 is a flowchart showing charging of a battery group using power generated by a solar battery according to Example 3.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a solar battery charger according to an embodiment. The solar battery charging device shown in FIG. 1 is a system that charges a plurality of capacitors with the power generated by the solar battery 101. For example, a transport device such as an EV (Electric Vehicle) with the solar battery 101 provided on the roof. Mounted on. As shown in FIG. 1, a solar battery charger includes a solar battery 101, a power conversion module 103, a battery group B, three diodes D1 to D3, a contactor group C, a load 105, and a BMU (Battery Management). Unit) 107. Hereinafter, each component provided in the solar battery charger will be described.

  The solar cell 101 converts solar light energy into electric power.

  The power conversion module 103 includes a power adjustment unit 111, a control unit 112, a first voltage sensor 113, a first current sensor 114, a second voltage sensor 115, and a second current sensor 116, and is a solar cell. The generated power of 101 is converted and output. The power adjustment unit 111 adjusts and outputs the generated power of the solar cell 101 in the mode instructed by the control unit 112. The control unit 112 controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 based on one of the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) mode, the CC (Constant Current) mode, and the CV (Constant Voltage) mode.

  The power adjustment unit 111 controlled based on the MPPT mode adjusts the generated power of the solar cell 101 while following the optimum operating point that constantly fluctuates due to changes in weather conditions and the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the optimum operating point differs depending on the amount of solar radiation received by the solar cell 101, and the voltage corresponding to the optimum operating point at a time when the amount of solar radiation is different also differs. Moreover, the power adjustment unit 111 controlled based on the CC mode adjusts the generated power of the solar cell 101 so as to output a constant output current. It should be noted that the constant output current output by power adjustment unit 111 is equal to the discharge current of the capacitors necessary for detecting the voltage of each capacitor included in capacitor group B. In addition, the power adjustment unit 111 controlled based on the CV mode adjusts the generated power of the solar cell 101 so as to output a constant output voltage. The constant output voltage output by power adjustment unit 111 is equal to the open-circuit voltage of this battery when each battery included in battery group B is fully charged.

  The first voltage sensor 113 measures the input voltage V <b> 1 of the power conversion module 103 that is the output voltage of the solar battery 101. A signal indicating the voltage V <b> 1 measured by the first voltage sensor 113 is input to the control unit 112. The first current sensor 114 measures the output current of the solar cell 101 and the input current A1 of the power conversion module 103. A signal indicating the current A1 measured by the first current sensor 114 is input to the control unit 112.

  The second voltage sensor 115 measures the output voltage V <b> 2 of the power adjustment unit 111. A signal indicating the voltage V <b> 2 measured by the second voltage sensor 115 is input to the control unit 112. The voltage V2 measured by the second voltage sensor 115 is equal to a value obtained by adding a minute voltage of the diode ON voltage (forward voltage) to the open voltage of the battery group B. The second current sensor 116 measures the output current A2 of the power adjustment unit 111. A signal indicating the current A2 measured by the second current sensor 116 is input to the control unit 112.

  The battery group B includes three batteries B1 to B3 connected in parallel to the output side of the power conversion module 103. Between the power conversion module 103 and each capacitor, diodes D1 to D3 are provided for preventing current from flowing between the capacitors in a state where a difference occurs in the voltage of each capacitor. The diodes D1 to D3 are provided with the direction from the power conversion module 103 to the capacitors B1 to B3 as the forward direction.

  Contactor group C includes contactors C1 to C3 provided in three current paths between capacitors B1 to B3 and load 105 included in capacitor group B, respectively. When the contactors C1 to C3 are closed, power is supplied from the battery group B to the load 105. The load 105 is an auxiliary device such as a motor serving as a power source of a transportation device in which the solar battery charging device of the present embodiment is mounted, an air conditioner compressor that adjusts the cabin temperature, a tablet terminal, a cooling / heating seat, or an audio device. is there.

  The BMU 107 includes a remaining capacity deriving unit 121, a charge / discharge control unit 122, and a contactor control unit 123, and manages the battery group B and the contactor group C in an integrated manner. The remaining capacity deriving unit 121 derives each remaining capacity (SOC: State of Charge) of the capacitors B1 to B3 by an OCV (open circuit voltage) estimation method. The charge / discharge control unit 122 comprehensively controls charge / discharge of the capacitors B1 to B3 included in the capacitor group B. The contactor control unit 123 controls the open / close states of the contactors C1 to C3 included in the contactor group C. The BMU 107 operates only when the battery group B supplies power to the load 105. Therefore, power consumption by the BMU 107 other than when power is supplied from the battery group B to the load 105 can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, three examples relating to the charging of the battery group B by the generated power of the solar battery 101 performed by the solar battery charger shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The charging of the battery group B by the power generated by the solar battery 101 is not performed by the battery group B supplying power to the load 105, and the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 measured by the second voltage sensor 115 is used. This is performed in a state where the BMU 107 is stopped when the voltage is less than the full charge voltage. The full charge voltage is equal to the open-circuit voltage of this battery when each battery included in battery group B is fully charged.

<Example 1>
In the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the control unit 112 of the power conversion module 103 controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 in the MPPT mode when the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is equal to or lower than the full charge voltage. Then, the battery group B is charged by the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 (step S101). The controller 112 determines whether or not the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 has reached the full charge voltage during charging in the MPPT mode (step S103), and proceeds to step S105 if the output voltage V2 = the full charge voltage. . In step S105, the control unit 112 switches from the MPPT mode to the CC mode, and controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 in the CC mode. At this time, the power adjustment unit 111 adjusts the generated power of the solar cell 101 so that the output current of the power conversion module 103 is constant. It should be noted that the constant output current output by power adjustment unit 111 is equal to the discharge current of the capacitors necessary for detecting the voltage of each capacitor included in capacitor group B. In the CC mode, since a constant current is output from the power conversion module 103, the second voltage sensor 115 of the power conversion module 103 can always measure the output voltage V2. The controller 112 determines whether or not the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is lower than the full charge voltage during charging in the CC mode (step S107), and returns to step S101 if the output voltage V2 <full charge voltage.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, when the battery group B is fully charged, charging in the CC mode is performed. However, the current input to the battery group B in the CC mode is that of the batteries B1 to B3. Since it is equal to the discharge current of each capacitor required for detecting each voltage, the voltage of the capacitors B1 to B3 does not increase, and the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is maintained at the full charge voltage. However, when the contactors C1 to C3 are closed to drive the load 105 and power is taken out from the battery group B, the voltage of the battery group B decreases and the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 reaches the full charge voltage. Therefore, charging in the MPPT mode is resumed.

<Example 2>
In the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the control unit 112 of the power conversion module 103 controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 in the MPPT mode when the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is equal to or lower than the full charge voltage. The battery group B is charged with the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 (step S201). The controller 112 determines whether or not the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 has reached the full charge voltage during charging in the MPPT mode (step S203), and if the output voltage V2 = the full charge voltage, the process proceeds to step S205. . In step S205, the control unit 112 switches from the MPPT mode to the CV mode, and controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 in the CV mode. At this time, the power adjustment unit 111 adjusts the generated power of the solar cell 101 so that the output voltage of the power conversion module 103 becomes constant. The constant output voltage output from the power adjustment unit 111 is equal to the full charge voltage. In addition, even in the CV mode, a small amount of current is output from the power conversion module to compensate for the dark current generated even when the battery group B is in an unloaded state or other voltage drop due to consumption. The second current sensor 116 of the conversion module 103 can measure the output current A2. The controller 112 determines whether the output current A2 of the power conversion module 103 exceeds the threshold during charging in the CV mode (step S207), and returns to step S201 if the output current A2> the threshold. Note that the threshold value is higher than the dark current in the battery group B.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, when the battery group B is fully charged, charging in the CV mode is performed, but in the CV mode, the full charge voltage is always applied to the battery group B. However, when the contactors C1 to C3 are closed to drive the load 105 and power is taken out from the battery group B, the voltage of the battery group B decreases, so the output current A2 of the power conversion module 103 increases rapidly. Since the threshold value is exceeded, charging in the MPPT mode is resumed.

<Example 3>
In the third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the control unit 112 of the power conversion module 103 controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 in the MPPT mode when the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is equal to or lower than the full charge voltage. The battery group B is charged with the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 (step S301). The controller 112 determines whether the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 has reached the full charge voltage during charging in the MPPT mode (step S303). If the output voltage V2 = the full charge voltage, the control unit 112 proceeds to step S305. . In step S305, the control unit 112 stops the operation of the power adjustment unit 111 and stops the charging of the battery group B. Next, the control unit 112 determines whether or not the output of the solar cell 101 is 0 based on the signals obtained from the first voltage sensor 113 and the first current sensor 114 (step S307). If the output is 0, the series of processing ends, and if it is not 0, the process proceeds to step S309. In step S309, the control unit 112 determines whether the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is an extremely low value (for example, 1V) or less than the full charge voltage. If the output voltage V2 is an extremely low value, the control unit 112 determines whether the output voltage V2 is an extremely low value. If the output voltage V2 is not an extremely low value, the process returns to step S305.

  As described above, according to the solar battery charging device of the present embodiment, the battery group B does not supply power to the load 105, and the output voltage V2 of the power conversion module 103 is equal to or lower than the full charge voltage. The charging of the battery group B by the generated power of the solar battery 101 is performed in a state where the BMU 107 is stopped. For this reason, since the power consumption of BMU107 at the time of charge of the battery group B can be reduced, the consumption of the electric power obtained from the solar cell 101 can be reduced, and it can store efficiently. In addition, according to the present embodiment, the solar cell 101 is configured to cover the power consumption due to the increase in the weight of the solar cell charging device during travel of the transportation device equipped with the solar cell charging device with the power generated by the solar cell 101. Consumption of generated power can be reduced as much as possible.

  In addition, contactors C <b> 1 to C <b> 3 are provided between the storage battery group B and the load 105 in each of the three current paths between the storage batteries included in the storage battery group B and the load 105. Since the current flowing through each current path is smaller than the current flowing through one current path in which the three current paths are integrated, the contactors C1 to C3 can be low cost corresponding to the small current.

  Further, between the power conversion module 103 and each battery included in the battery group B, there are provided three diodes D1 to D3 provided with the direction from the power conversion module 103 to the batteries B1 to B3 as the forward direction. Yes. With the diodes D1 to D3, the contactors C1 to C3 are opened and the respective capacitors are in an independent state, and even if a difference occurs in the voltages of the respective capacitors, it is possible to prevent current from flowing between the capacitors. Further, when the power conversion module 103 is short-circuited, current from the capacitors B1 to B3 to the solar cell 101 side can be prevented. Therefore, the stable operation of the solar battery charger can be realized without operating the BMU 107.

  In the charging of the battery group B shown in the first and second embodiments, when the battery group B is fully charged, charging in different modes is performed so that the battery group B can maintain this state. In addition, based on the state change of the battery group B when power is taken out from the battery group B, the charging can be resumed by returning to the MPPT mode until the battery group B reaches the fully charged state. Therefore, the battery group B can be maintained in a fully charged state while the BMU 107 is stopped.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible suitably.

101 Solar cell 103 Power conversion module 105 Load 107 BMU
111 Power adjustment unit 112 Control unit 113 First voltage sensor 114 First current sensor 115 Second voltage sensor 116 Second current sensor 121 Remaining capacity deriving unit 122 Charge / discharge control unit 123 Contactor control unit B Capacitor groups B1 to B3 Capacitor C contactor Group C1-C3 Contactor D1-D3 Diode

Claims (14)

Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and an output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a voltage measuring unit to perform,
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A management module having a derivation unit for deriving the storage amount of each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit for controlling charge / discharge of the capacitor group;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less, the voltage A solar battery charger that controls a charging mode of the battery group based on power generated by the solar battery based on a measurement value of a measurement unit. It is a solar cell charging device of Claim 1, Comprising:
A contactor group including a plurality of contactors provided between each of the capacitors included in the capacitor group and the load;
The said management module is a solar cell charging device which has a contactor control part which controls each opening / closing state of these contactors. The solar battery charger according to claim 1 or 2,
A solar battery charger comprising a plurality of diodes provided between the power conversion module and each of the capacitors included in the capacitor group, with a direction from the power conversion module to the capacitor as a forward direction. The solar battery charger according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged in the first mode, and after the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, Charging the storage battery group in the second mode capable of maintaining the state of the storage battery group, and when the state of the storage battery group changes, the adjustment unit is configured to resume charging the storage battery group in the first mode. A solar battery charger that controls operation. The solar battery charger according to claim 4,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit becomes the predetermined value. After reaching, the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current, and when the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode. The solar battery charger that controls the operation of the adjusting unit to resume the operation. The solar battery charger according to claim 5,
The constant output current is equal to a discharge current of the capacitor necessary for detecting a voltage of each capacitor included in the capacitor group, and the threshold value is equal to the predetermined value. The solar battery charger according to claim 4,
The power conversion module includes a current measurement unit that measures an output current of the adjustment unit,
The controller is
Until the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit becomes the predetermined value. After reaching, the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage, and when the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode The solar battery charger that controls the operation of the adjusting unit to resume the operation. The solar battery charger according to claim 7,
The solar battery charger, wherein the constant output voltage is equal to the predetermined value voltage. Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and an output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a voltage measuring unit to perform,
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A management module having a derivation unit for deriving the storage amount of each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit for controlling charge / discharge of the capacitor group;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. A solar battery charger that controls the operation of the adjusting unit to perform the operation. Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and a voltage that measures the output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a measurement unit and a current measurement unit that measures the output current of the adjustment unit;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A management module having a derivation unit for deriving the storage amount of each capacitor constituting the capacitor group and a charge / discharge control unit for controlling charge / discharge of the capacitor group;
With
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage and the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. A solar battery charger that controls the operation of the adjusting unit to perform the operation.   Transportation equipment comprising the solar battery charger according to any one of claims 1 to 10. Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and an output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a voltage measuring unit to perform,
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A solar cell charging method using a solar cell charging apparatus, comprising: a deriving unit that derives the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group; and a management module that includes a charge / discharge control unit that controls charge / discharge of the capacitor group. And
Controller of the power converter module, wherein the management module is paused, not the capacitor group is supplying power to the load, and, when the voltage the voltage measuring unit is measured is below a predetermined value, before Symbol A solar cell charging method for controlling a charging mode of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell based on a measurement value of a voltage measuring unit . Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and an output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a voltage measuring unit to perform,
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A solar cell charging method using a solar cell charging apparatus, comprising: a deriving unit that derives the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group; and a management module that includes a charge / discharge control unit that controls charge / discharge of the capacitor group. And
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output current and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit falls below a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. A solar cell charging method for controlling the operation of the adjusting unit so as to perform. Solar cells,
An adjustment unit that adjusts the electric power generated by the solar cell and outputs it to a battery group including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, a control unit that controls the operation of the adjustment unit, and a voltage that measures the output voltage of the adjustment unit A power conversion module having a measurement unit and a current measurement unit that measures the output current of the adjustment unit;
A load driven by power supplied from the battery group;
A solar cell charging method using a solar cell charging apparatus, comprising: a deriving unit that derives the amount of electricity stored in each capacitor constituting the capacitor group; and a management module that includes a charge / discharge control unit that controls charge / discharge of the capacitor group. And
The control unit of the power conversion module is configured such that when the management module is stopped, the battery group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit is a predetermined value or less , the voltage Until the voltage measured by the measurement unit reaches the predetermined value, the battery group is charged by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode, and the voltage measured by the voltage measurement unit reaches the predetermined value. After that, when the adjustment unit outputs a constant output voltage and the current measured by the current measurement unit exceeds a threshold value, the charging of the battery group by the generated power of the solar cell in the MPPT mode is resumed. A solar cell charging method for controlling the operation of the adjusting unit so as to perform.

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