JP6510197B2 - Heat shield / insulation material and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat shield and heat insulating material for shielding and insulating heat energy from sunlight and other heat sources and a method of manufacturing the same.

  The power supply shortage and large-scale blackouts caused by the shutdown of nuclear power plants have a great impact not only on industry but also on the whole of Japanese society. At the current stage where there is no prospect of alternative energy for nuclear power, there is no means to cope with the power shortage other than reducing the power demand by saving electricity, especially in the summer and in the air conditioning facilities of buildings such as buildings and houses. It is urgently needed to save electricity at the peak of power supply in winter and to reduce the demand for electricity.

  In order to reduce power consumption for air conditioning, the roof, building walls, windows, blinds, etc. are thermally insulated and heat-insulated. In summer, heat transfer from sunlight to the building is blocked, and in winter, heat is transferred to the outside Prevent the release. "Adiabatic" refers to the interruption of heat transfer between densely contacted materials, and "thermal insulation" refers to the shielding of thermal energy radiation (radiation) moving through the space containing the vacuum. However, in normal heat transfer, heat insulation and heat shield can not be strictly divided because the two coexist.

  In recent years, heat insulation technology using vacuum particles has attracted attention. The vacuum particle is a particle having an internal cavity in a substantially vacuum state or a reduced pressure state inside the ceramic shell, and has features of high heat insulation and low heat storage. Hereinafter, the prior art which applied vacuum particle | grains to the heat insulating material or the heat insulating material is shown.

  U.S. Pat. No. 5,959,099 shows a flexible thermal insulator in which multiple layers of thermally insulating particles are bonded to one or both sides of a support, wherein the flexible thermal insulator is applied to a blind or roll screen. Vacuum ceramic particles and titanium oxide particles are used as the heat insulating particles, and the flexible heat insulator contains a plurality of large and small heat insulating particles which are densely arranged in small gaps.

  However, since the vacuum ceramic particles are very expensive, the flexible thermal insulator and the blind and roll screen are naturally also expensive in the overcrowded use of the vacuum ceramic particles of Patent Document 1, and the cost of the vacuum ceramic particles is the flexibility heat. It accounts for over 70% of the cost of raw materials for insulators. Further, in the flexible thermal insulator of Patent Document 1, since a large amount of vacuum ceramic particles are closely arranged to one another through a small gap, heat conduction does not occur in the internal cavity of the vacuum, but the outside of the vacuum ceramic particles It becomes easy to conduct heat along the shell. For this reason, the desired heat insulation effect proportional to the amount of vacuum ceramic particles used can not be obtained. In addition, when the vacuum ceramic particles are arranged excessively, although there is flexibility, the movement of the vacuum ceramic particles is limited, and in particular, the flexible thermal insulator may be damaged by the tensile stress when an external force is applied. is there. Furthermore, when the raw material (suspension) to be applied contains a large amount of vacuum ceramic particles, high pressure application (spraying) of 10 to 20 MPa (about 100 to 200 atm) is required because of the large amount of particles.

  On the other hand, a heat shielding cloth product which does not arrange vacuum ceramic fine particles in an overcrowded state is disclosed in Patent Document 2. In the thermal barrier cloth product of Patent Document 2, a thermal barrier layer made of a synthetic resin containing hollow (vacuum) ceramic fine particles is formed on the surface of a cloth such as a coat, a hat or a parasol. The blend ratio of the synthetic resin of the heat shielding layer and the hollow ceramic fine particles is about 20 to 200% by weight of the hollow ceramic fine particles with respect to 100% by weight of the synthetic resin.

  Further, Patent Document 3 shows a thermal barrier coating composition containing a hollow spherical or scaly low thermal conductivity material (hollow particles or vacuum particles), a structural aid, and a silane coupling agent, and it is an architectural structure Applies to the painting of the roof, roof and outer wall. It contains 0.5 to 9.9% by weight of a low thermal conductor having a particle size of 10 to 200 μm.

  The heat shields of Patent Documents 2 and 3 can be manufactured relatively inexpensively because large amounts of expensive vacuum particles are not used. However, since the filling amount of the resin (binder) is large for a small amount of vacuum particles (weight blending ratio: 1/5 to 2/3 and 1/20 to 1/10), heat conduction along the resin can not be prevented. Also, there is no significant difference in the thermal insulation effect compared to a heat shield that does not contain vacuum particles. In Patent Documents 2 and 3, there is no mention of the configuration of a plurality of vacuum particles, and in Patent Document 2, vacuum particles of about a few μm to several hundred μm are random, and in Patent Document 3, vacuum particles of 10-200 μm are disordered. Configured The disordered vacuum particle configuration does not efficiently obtain sufficient thermal insulation and thermal insulation properties.

JP, 2010-169259, A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-166505 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-45447

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the heat insulation * heat insulation material which can be excellent in a heat insulation and heat insulation characteristic and can reduce internal and surface temperature, and its manufacturing method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating and heat insulating material which exhibits low cost and excellent physical characteristics, and a method of manufacturing the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat shield and heat insulating material that arranges particles regularly to efficiently perform heat shield and heat insulation, and a method of manufacturing the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal barrier / insulation material which can realize low pressure and low scattering application, and a method of manufacturing the same.

  The thermal barrier / insulation material according to the present invention comprises a plurality of first particles (1), a plurality of second particles (2) surrounding the first particles (1), and a second particle (2). A plurality of third particles (3) surrounding the periphery, and homogeneous and dissimilar particles of the first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) are bonded to each other and are bonded to the surface of the substrate (50) 1. A binder (6) for bonding the second and third particles (1, 2, 3). Each of the first particle (1), the second particle (2) and the third particle (3) has an internal cavity (1b, 2b, 3b), and the second particle is a first particle The particle size is smaller than (1), and the third particle (3) is smaller than the second particle (2). The particle diameter of the first particles (1) is 50 to 100 μm, the particle diameter of the second particles (2) is 10 to 50 μm, and the particle diameter of the third particles (3) is 0.5 to 10 μm. The plurality of second particles (2) form a second particle layer (12) covering each first particle (1), and the plurality of third particles (3) 12) form a third particle layer (13) covering the same.

  The first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) are each coated with a thin film of the binder (6) and bonded to one another, even when placed close to one another , The first particle (1), the second particle (2) and the third particle (3) are not in direct contact with each other. For this reason, heat conduction due to direct contact between particles does not occur. The first particle (1), the second particle (2) and the third particle (3) temporarily heat the outer shell (1a, 2a, 3a) forming the internal cavity (1b, 2b, 3b) (D1, D2, D3), but the internal cavities (1b, 2b, 3b) do not store heat or transfer heat, and the outer shell (1a of the first to third particles (1, 2, 3) , 2a, 3a) reflect (B1, B2, B3) or radiate (E1, E2, E3) the heat transmitted from the outside by the outer shell (1a, 2a, 3a), and the outer shell (1a) , 2a, 3a) temporarily absorb a small amount of heat. For this reason, the outer shell (3a) of the third particle (3) having the smallest particle diameter reflects (B3) or radiates (E3) heat to the outside on the surface, and is temporarily absorbed in the outer shell (3a) The amount of heat generated is small.

The heat reflected (B3) or emitted (E3) from the outer shell (3a) of the third particle (3) is reflected (B2) on the surface of the outer shell (2a) of the second particle (2), The outer shell (2a) temporarily absorbs a small amount of heat (D2). Heat reflection and radiation are also repeated between the plurality of third particles (3) of the third particle layer (13) and between the plurality of second particles (2) of the second particle layer (12) . Furthermore, the heat reflected (B2) or emitted (E2) from the surface of the outer shell (2a) of the second particle (2) is reflected (at the surface of the outer shell (1a) of the first particle (1) B1) The shell (1a) temporarily absorbs heat (D1).

Since the heat shield / heat insulator reflects or dissipates heat from the third particles (3) to the outside even when receiving heat from the outside, the outside of the first to third particles (1, 2, 3) The heat temporarily absorbed by the shells (1a, 2a, 3a) is not transmitted to the substrate (50) and is finally released to the outside through the outer shells (1a, 2a, 3a) and the binder (6). Ru. As described above, most of the heat generated on one side of the heat shield / heat insulator is reflected (B1, B2, B3), and the heat shield / heat insulator itself is also dissipated with the passage of time, so it is temporarily absorbed (D1 , D2, D3) are also dissipated gradually to the outside, and they are not transmitted to the side of the substrate (50) of the heat and heat insulating material. In the present invention, a second particle layer (12) is formed around each first particle (1) by bonding a plurality of second particles (2) with a binder (6), Since the third particle layer (13) in which the third particles (3) are joined with the binder (6) is formed around 12), the heat accumulated in the first particles (1) It is finally released to the outside through the second particle layer (12) and the third particle layer (13).

  The method for producing a heat shield / insulation material according to the present invention comprises 5 to 30 parts by weight of a plurality of first particles (1) having an internal cavity (1b) and a smaller particle size than the first particles (1) and an internal cavity A plurality of second particles (2) having (2b) (1 to 20 parts by weight), and a plurality of third particles (3) having a smaller particle size than the second particles (2) and having an internal cavity (3b) Preparing a suspension (31) comprising 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, 15 to 40 parts by weight of the binder (6), and 5 to 30 parts by weight of a volatile solvent, and 0.2 to 0.4 MPa The suspension (31) is injected into the air from the nozzle (33) at a velocity of 10 to 500 mm / sec by the two-fluid mixing method together with the pressurized air flow, and the injection distance from the nozzle (33) is 0.1 m to Uniformly spraying the suspension (31) on the surface of the substrate (50) which is 2 m, and first particles (1), second particles (2) and second particles coated with a thin film of the binder (6) The suspension (31) containing the third particles (3) is uniformly applied to the surface of the substrate (50) During the exercise, the plurality of first particles (1) of 50 to 100 μm in size are separated from each other separately, and the second particles of 10 to 50 μm in diameter are dispersed around each first particle (1) 2) is surrounded by a second particle layer (12) whose main component is the main component, and is surrounded by a third particle layer (13) whose main component is the third particles (3) having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 10 μm Attaching the first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) to the surface of the substrate (50), and 31) drying to bond the first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) with a binder (6).

  The first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) are covered in a suspension (31) by a thin film of binder (6). When uniformly spraying the suspension (31) on the surface of the substrate (50), the impact force at the time of spraying from the nozzle (33) is added to the sprayed suspension (31), so the maximum mass can be obtained. The plurality of first particles (1) that are carried are separated from one another and usually move alone in the air. At this time, the relatively small mass second particles (2) and the plurality of third particles (3) adhere to the first particles (1) by the surface tension or viscosity of the binder (6), Move in the air. Thus, each of the plurality of first particles (1) separates from each other and causes the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) to be entrained around each first particle (1). And adhere to the surface of the substrate (50).

  In the present invention, since the second particle layer and the third particle layer, each of which has approximately the same diameter, surround the first particle, heat absorption and reflection are efficiently repeated, resulting in excellent heat and heat insulation. Exert an effect. The heat shield / insulation material of the present invention can be manufactured at low cost in order to minimize the amount of vacuum ceramic particles used, and is excellent in impact resistance, flexibility and durability.

Schematic sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the heat insulation * thermal insulation by this invention Schematic sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the heat insulation * heat insulating material by this invention Schematic cross section showing the particle assembly of the heat shield / insulation material according to the present invention Schematic sectional drawing which shows the thermal energy damping mechanism of the heat insulation * thermal insulation material by this invention Schematic diagram showing the method of manufacturing the heat shield / insulator according to the present invention Schematic cross-sectional view showing the method of manufacturing the heat shield / insulator according to the present invention Schematic to explain heat insulation and heat insulation Graph showing the relationship between temperature and amount of solar radiation by heat irradiation test

Embodiments of the heat shield and heat insulator according to the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.
The particle assembly (10) shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a first particle (1), a plurality of second particles (2) arranged around the first particle (1), and A plurality of third particles (3) arranged around the two particles (2), and a binder for binding between homogeneous and dissimilar particles of the first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) And (6) to constitute the heat shield / heat insulator according to the present invention. Each of the first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) has an internal cavity (1b, 2b, 3b), and each internal cavity (1b, 2b, 3b) is under reduced pressure or substantially It is in a vacuum state. The use of vacuum ceramic particles in which the outer shell (1a, 2a, 3a) is formed of a ceramic as the first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) is preferred. By placing the internal cavity (1b, 2b, 3b) in a substantially vacuum state, the heat insulation and thermal insulation properties are improved, and in particular, the first particle (1) has a large internal cavity (1b) and is thermally conductive. Can be completely suppressed.

  The first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) in which the hollow part is formed inside are one or more selected from alumina, silica, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide etc. Is spheroidized to a particle diameter of several μm to about 100 μm in a low pressure state or a substantially vacuum state. The porosity is about 50% by volume to 90% by volume. The binder (6) for firmly bonding the first to third particles to the surface of the substrate (50) is, for example, vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin, acrylic urethane resin, urethane fluorine Any synthetic resin such as a resin, a polyester copolymer resin, and a solventless inorganic polymer mainly composed of an alkoxysilane compound can be used. The binder (6) may be mixed with an inorganic solvent such as water or / and an alcohol, or an organic solvent such as acetone.

  The substrate (50) to be a target of heat and heat insulation according to the present invention is a cloth such as woven fabric, non-woven fabric, resin material, ceramic material, wood, roof made of metal, building outer wall, blind, roof water tank, danger Storage tanks, water pipes, factory piping, cars, clothes, curtains. If the heat shield and heat insulating material of the present invention is formed on the surface of the substrate (50), the heat energy from sunlight reaches the opposite side of the heat shield and heat insulator, ie, the room, the tank interior, and the tube interior in summer. Prevent that. In winter, the heat inside is kept warm and not released outside. For this reason, the amount of power consumption of the air conditioning equipment can be reduced, and energy saving and significant reduction in power consumption can be achieved. In addition, it is possible to prevent the temperature rise or freezing of the liquid inside the tube.

  The second particles (2) have a smaller particle size than the first particles (1), and the third particles (3) have a smaller particle size than the second particles (2). Specifically, the particle diameter of the first particles (1) is 50 to 100 μm, the particle diameter of the second particles (2) is 10 to 50 μm, and the particle diameter of the third particles (3) is 0.5 to 0.5 It is 10 μm.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the heat / insulation material of the present invention, the plurality of second particles (2) form a second particle layer (12) covering the periphery of the first particles (1), and The two particles (2) are bonded with a binder (6). The plurality of third particles (3) form a third particle layer (13) covering the periphery of the second particle layer (12), and the third particles (3) are bonded with the binder (6) Be done.

  The distance between the first particles (1) (between the particle assembly (10)) is 70 to 500 μm, the distance between the first particles (1) and the second particles (2) is 10 to 50 μm, The distance between the two particles (2) is 5 to 20 μm, and the distance between the third particles (3) is 0.5 to 10 μm. The third thermal energy (A3) from the third particle (3) has a wavelength longer than that of solar thermal energy (A), and the distance between the third particles (3) is 0.5 to 10 μm. The absorption efficiency is enhanced, and excellent heat shielding properties are obtained. The second thermal energy (A2) from the second particle (2) has a longer wavelength than the third thermal energy (A3) from the third particle (3), so the second particle (2) The energy absorption efficiency is improved by setting the distance between 5 and 20 μm. Also, assuming that the distance between the first particle (1) and the second particle (2) is 10 to 50 μm, the second thermal energy (A2) from the second particle (2) is converted to the first particle (1) ), And the effect of energy attenuation by the first particle (1) is efficiently obtained. The thermal energy (A1) from the first particle (1) has a longer wavelength than the second thermal energy (A2) from the second particle (2). When the distance is 70 to 500 μm, the first heat energy (A1) from the first particle (1) can be efficiently absorbed by the other first particles (1).

  Next, the mechanism by which the particle assembly (10) attenuates the irradiated thermal energy will be described with reference to FIG. The incident heat (A) due to sunlight and other thermal energy is partially generated by the first, second and third particles (1, 2) on the surface of the outer shell (3a) of the third particle (3). , 3) to reflect (B3). The other incident heat (A) passes through the surface of the outer shell (3a) (C3), diffuses inside the outer shell (3a), and is partially absorbed and accumulated (D3). In the outer shell (3a) of the plurality of third particles (3) constituting the third particle layer (13), the thermal energy diffusion and absorption are repeated. The portion of the transmitted heat (C3) excluding the heat of absorption (D3) is emitted from the outer shell (3a) as radiation (radiation) heat (E3), and the other first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) It is emitted together with the reflected heat (B3) toward 3). The third thermal energy (A3), which is the combination of the reflected heat (B3) and the radiant (radiative) heat (E3), is the thermal energy absorbed by the outer shell (3a) compared to the thermal energy of the incident heat (A) It is small by a minute (D3) (A3 = A-D3).

  As the third thermal energy (A3) passes through the second particle layer (12), it is from the surface of the outer shell (2a) of the second particle (2) as in the case of the third particle (3). A portion is transmitted internally and repeats diffusion and absorption (D2) to produce radiation (E2). The other part of the third thermal energy (A3) is reflected (B2) from the surface of the outer shell (2a) of the second particle (2) as shown in FIG. Such incidence (A3), reflection (B2), transmission (C2), absorption (D2) and radiation (E2) are repeated by the plurality of second particles (2) of the second particle layer (12), Thermal energy is attenuated. The second heat energy (A2) which is the combination of the heat of reflection (B2) from the second particle (2) and the heat of radiation (radiation) (E2) is the outer shell compared with the third heat energy (A3) (2a) is smaller by the heat energy absorbed (D2) (A2 = A3-D2).

  Similarly, the second thermal energy (A2) is partially transmitted from the surface of the outer shell (1a) of the first particle (1) and repeats diffusion and absorption (D1) to generate radiation (E1). The other part of the second thermal energy (A2) reflects (B1) from the surface of the outer shell (1a) of the first particle (1). Such incident (A2), reflection (B1), transmission (C1), absorption (D1) and radiation (E1) are repeated by the plurality of first particles (1), and thermal energy is attenuated. The thermal energy (A1) from the first particle (1) is smaller than the second thermal energy (A2) by the thermal energy absorbed by the outer shell (1a) (D1) (A1 = A2-D1) ).

  In the present invention, a plurality of particle aggregates (10) of FIG. 3 including the first particle (1), the second particle layer (12) and the third particle layer (13) are stacked to form the thickness shown in FIG. A laminate (20) having a length (T) of 0.1 to 1.0 mm is formed. By superimposing a plurality of particle aggregates (10), the thermal energy entering the laminate (20) can be attenuated according to the damping mechanism of FIG. 4, and the thermal energy insulating / insulating material (laminate (20)) thickness The passage of (T) direction can be mostly suppressed. In addition, since the thermal energy can be attenuated inside the laminate (20), the temperature of the surface of the heat shield and heat insulator is prevented from rising. In addition, since the laminate (20) includes the air gap (25) between the particle assembly (10), the heat transfer through the binder (6) is minimized and the heat insulation effect is enhanced, and the expensive vacuum particles (1) , 2, 3) can be reduced.

  Another laminate (20 ') shown in FIG. 2 comprises a surface layer (21) formed by the fourth particles (4) having a smaller particle size than the third particles (3), and the surface layer (21) Is formed more densely than the third particle layer (13) to form a smooth surface structure. For this reason, the thermal energy which injects into a laminated body (20 ') is reflected, and the approach to the inside of a thermal insulation / thermal insulation is minimized. As the fourth particles (4), vacuum ceramic particles of 0.1 to 1.0 μm are used.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the thermal insulation / heat insulating material by this invention is demonstrated about FIG. 5 and FIG. In the present embodiment, first, a plurality of first particles (1) having an internal cavity (1b), and a plurality of second particles having a smaller particle size than the first particle (1) and having an internal cavity (2b) A suspension (31) comprising a binder (6) in which a plurality of third particles (3) having a smaller particle size than the second particles (2) and the inner cavity (3b) are suspended Prepare). The first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) are vacuum ceramic particles having respective internal cavities (1b, 2b, 3b) in a reduced pressure or substantially vacuum state. The first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) are covered in a suspension (31) by a thin film of binder (6). The suspension (31) is preferably used as a binder for the first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (15 to 40 parts by weight of the composite resin (6)). 3) contains 5 to 30 parts by weight of a volatile solvent such as water together with 5 to 30 parts by weight, 1 to 20 parts by weight and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, respectively.

  Next, an air stream pressurized at 0.1 to 0.6 MPa (about 1 to 6 atmospheres), preferably 0.2 to 0.4 MPa (about 2 to 4 atmospheres) from the nozzle (33) at normal temperature and normal pressure As shown in FIG. 5, the suspension (31) in the container connected to the constricted pipe portion (34) constituting the venturi structure of the nozzle (33) is jetted by the two-fluid mixing method when it is jetted into the inside. The suspension (31) is spread uniformly on the surface of the substrate (50). Conventionally, high pressure (10 to 20 MPa) was directly applied to the suspension (31) itself for spraying, but in the present embodiment, a large amount of particles of 70 to 80 volume% Even with the suspension (31) containing 1, 2, 3), it is possible to inject at low pressure and with little scattering. When uniformly spraying the suspension (31) on the surface of the substrate (50), the impact force at the time of spraying from the nozzle (33) is added to the sprayed suspension (31), so the maximum mass can be obtained. The plurality of first particles (1) that are carried are separated from one another and usually move alone in the air. At this time, the relatively small mass second particles (2) and the plurality of third particles (3) adhere to the first particles (1) by the surface tension or viscosity of the binder (6), Move in the air. Thus, each of the plurality of first particles (1) separates from each other and causes the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) to be entrained around each first particle (1). And adhere to the surface of the substrate (50). Thereby, the second particle (2) and the third particle (3) are separated, and the second particle layer containing the second particle (2) as a main component around the first particle (1) 12) to form a third particle layer (13) containing the third particles (3) as the main component around the second particle layer (12).

  The formation principle of the second particle layer (12) and the third particle layer (13) is considered to be the action by the movement of the water (7) in the binder (6) as well as the one by the mass and surface tension. That is, the suspension (31) pressurized and sprayed as shown in FIG. 5 has the second particles (2), the third particles (3) and the binder (6) around the first particles (1). In the mixed state, the first particles (1) having large particle sizes are gradually separated from each other. In the binder (6) around the separated first particles (1), the water (water bubbles) (7) shown in FIG. 6 moves outward and evaporates, and along with the movement of the water (7), the particle size is The small and light third particles (3) are carried by the water (7) and pushed outward in the binder (6) to move. Thereby, the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) are separated to form the second particle layer (12) and the third particle layer (13).

  The speed at which the particle assembly (10) containing the first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) reaches the substrate (50) varies depending on the weather, air temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc. It is adjusted to 500 mm / sec, preferably 10 to 100 mm / sec. The first, second and third particles (1, 2, 3) ejected from the tip of the nozzle (33) are caused to collide with each other while the particles (1, 2, 3) collide with each other due to the turbulent air flow. Solidification proceeds to grow into particle aggregates (10) to reach the substrate (50). In this growth process, the small-diameter third particles (3) gather on the outer surface of the particle group due to transpirational movement of volatile components and capillary action from the center of the particle assembly (10) to the surface. In addition, the particles (1, 2, 3) are electrostatically charged to the same polarity by evaporation of volatile components (water, organic volatile components), and particle aggregation occurs in a state where mutual repulsion due to coulomb force suppresses contact. Form the body (10).

  Thus, the substrate (50) is a suspension (31) comprising the first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) coated with the thin film of the binder (6) Separates the plurality of first particles (1) separately from one another during the motion of uniformly spreading the surface of the second particles (2) and the third particles around each first particle (1) (3) can be entrained to adhere to the surface of the substrate (50). Thereafter, the suspension (31) attached to the substrate (50) is dried to strengthen the first particles (1), the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) with the binder (6). Adhere to

  The particle assembly (10) of FIG. 3 comprising a second particle layer (12) and a third particle layer (13) regularly around the first particles (1) is a substrate (50), for example a roof, A plurality of layers (20, 20 ') are formed by being successively and continuously superimposed on the surface of a wall surface, a blind or the like. The jet distance from the nozzle (33) to the surface of the substrate (50) is 0.1 m to 2 m, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 m.

  By forming the second particle layer (12) and the third particle layer (13) in which the second particles (2) and the third particles (3) are regularly arranged, high thermal and thermal insulation The reason why the heat shielding and heat insulating material according to the present invention is obtained will be described with reference to FIG. An electromagnetic wave such as infrared rays due to solar radiation enters the laminate (20, 20 ') of FIGS. 1 and 2 as a noncoherent plane wave and diffuses on the surface of the particles (1, 2, 3). Form a spherical wave (16) of the envelope surface shown in FIG. Fig. 7 shows a pair of third particles (vacuum ceramic particles) (3 ', 3 ") separated by a distance (L) of one wavelength of a specific wavelength of the spherical wave (16). Although only the third particles (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) are illustrated, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the same effects as described below can be obtained with the first and second particles (vacuum ceramic particles) (1, 2).

  When the third particle (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) receives solar heat, it absorbs a part of electromagnetic waves (infrared rays) of a specific wavelength and reflects 90% or more. By reflection, the polarization of electromagnetic waves is linear from rotational polarization Change in polarization and become incoherent to incoherent (speckle interference) Electromagnetic waves are reflected and re-emitted from every point on the surface of the third particle (3 ', 3 ") And diffuse and propagate as a spherical wave (16), and the heat energy density is attenuated in inverse proportion to the square of the distance. When the pair of third particles (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) are separated by one wavelength as shown in FIG. 7, the thermal energy intensity becomes zero at wave positions 18 and 18 ′, and the codes 17 and 17 ′ When the third particle (3 ′ ′ ′) is present at the position of reinforcement (17, 17 ′), the efficiency is higher than that at the other positions. Since the three particles (3 ′ ′ ′) absorb and retain the thermal energy, the propagation speed of radiant heat can be delayed to enhance the heat shielding and insulation effects. That is, in the present invention, the first, second and second By arranging the third particles (1, 2, 3) regularly, in particular, in the vicinity of the constructive positions (17, 17 ′) of the electromagnetic waves, a heat shield having excellent heat shield and heat insulation properties While heat insulation can be formed, efficient heat absorption is obtained even if particles (1, 2, 3) are filled in the vicinity of destructive positions (18, 18 ') of electromagnetic waves. Since it is not, it can be understood that it is possible to reduce the amount of expensive vacuum ceramic particles.

The electromagnetic wave absorbed by the incident heat is transmitted through the outer shell (3a) of the third particle (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) and is also emitted as radiation heat to the opposite side (not shown) of the incident side (19) On the opposite side, as with the incident side (19), the heat energy can be efficiently absorbed by the presence of the third particles at the intensifying positions.The heat energy absorbed from the incident heat is the total of the incident heat. In the stacks (20, 20 ') shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the energy decays by about 1/10 and approaches zero as it goes to the inside because the energy is less than about 10% of the energy. Even if the interference due to the diffraction of the electromagnetic wave passing through the particle is placed at a position where the particles are intensified, the heat energy can be absorbed efficiently, and around the third particle (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) of the incident heat, The electromagnetic waves having passed through are interfered by diffraction of the third particles (3 ′, 3 ′ ′) on the opposite side (not shown) of the incident side (19). As can be efficiently absorbs heat energy by the third particles are present in a position constructive.

  Examples of heat irradiation tests for measuring the heat shielding and heat insulating effects of the heat shielding and heat insulating material according to the present invention will be described below.

Production of Particle Aggregates and Laminates The suspension (31) obtained by mixing and stirring three types of vacuum ceramic particles (1, 2, 3) and the inorganic and organic composite resin (6) is air-flowed (35) And at a pressure of about 0.3 MPa (about 3 atmospheres) from the nozzle (33) of the pressurized injection device in a two-fluid mixing system. The suspension (31) forms a particle assembly (10) in the air, and the laminate of the heat and heat insulating material according to the present invention is formed on the surface of the galvanium steel plate constituting the upper surface of the heat insulation box of 30 mm thickness. ) Was formed to a thickness of 0.29 mm (this example). On the other hand, a pressure of about 10MPa (about 100 atmospheres) is directly applied to the raw material itself to inject the raw material under high pressure, and heat and heat insulating materials that do not form particle aggregates are 30mm thick. (Comparative example).

Thermal Irradiation Test and Test Results A thermal irradiation test was conducted for 8 days, in which each box of the present example and the comparative example was placed outside in a closed state and juxtaposed outdoors and irradiated with sunlight. The test results are shown in FIG. In the figure, the broken line at the center in the height direction indicates the temperature difference [° C.] obtained by subtracting the present embodiment from the comparative example, and the intermittent broken line in the lower view indicates the amount of solar radiation [W / m ² ]. The time from the start point of the intermittent broken line to the start point of the next intermittent broken line indicates approximately 24 hours.

  From FIG. 8, the temperature difference is positively increased until the time when the solar radiation starts and the solar radiation amount reaches the maximum value. It can be seen that while the temperature in the box of the comparative example rises rapidly, in the present embodiment, the heat shielding effect is higher than in the embodiment even when receiving strong solar radiation. Next, the temperature difference becomes negative from the maximum amount of solar radiation to the sunset. It can be judged that the heat retention effect of the present embodiment is higher than that of the comparative example. Although the thickness of the heat shield and heat insulating material of the present embodiment is about 1/7 of that of the comparative example, it can be seen that the heat shield effect and the heat retention effect are remarkably excellent.

  The heat shield / insulation material of the present invention and the method for producing the same are applied or sprayed to the surface of a roof, building outer wall, blind, roof top water tank, hazardous material storage tank, water pipe, factory piping, automobile etc. In addition to preventing heat radiation and heat transfer inwards, the surface temperature can also be reduced. For this reason, it is applicable also to the technical field where heat generation and heat retention are not preferable, such as a road, a motorcycle, a playground equipment, a lighting fixture, a household appliance, a precision instrument etc. Also, it is possible to spray or apply on the surface of a cloth product such as clothing or curtain, or to knead at the time of fiber formation.

  (1) · · First particle (1), (2) · · Second particle, (3) · · Third particle, (6) · Binder, (1a, 2a, 3a) · · External Shell, (1b, 2b, 3b) ··· Internal cavity, (12) · · Second particle layer, (13) · · Third particle layer, (10) · Particle assembly, (20, 20 ' ) · · Laminate, (50) · · Substrate,

Claims (6)

A plurality of first particles, a plurality of second particles surrounding the periphery of the first particles, a plurality of third particles surrounding the periphery of the second particles, a first, a second and a third A binder which bonds the homogeneous and heterogeneous particles of the particles and adheres the first, second and third particles to the surface of the substrate,
The first particle, the second particle and the third particle all have an internal cavity,
The second particles are smaller in size than the first particles, and the third particles are smaller in size than the second particles,
The particle size of the first particle is 50 to 100 μm, the particle size of the second particle is 10 to 50 μm, and the particle size of the third particle is 0.5 to 10 μm,
The second particle forms a second particle layer covering the first particle, and the third particle forms a third particle layer covering the second particle layer. Insulation. The third particles absorb incident thermal energy, reflect and emit third thermal energy smaller than incident thermal energy,
The third thermal energy is absorbed by the second particle as it passes through the second particle layer, and the second particle reflects and emits the second thermal energy smaller than the third thermal energy. ,
The heat and heat insulation according to claim 1, wherein the second thermal energy is absorbed by the first particles, and the first particles reflect and emit the first thermal energy smaller than the second thermal energy. Material.   The heat shield / insulation material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each internal cavity of the first particle, the second particle and the third particle is in a reduced pressure state or a substantially vacuum state.   The heat insulating and heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of particle aggregates including the first particle, the second particle layer, and the third particle layer are stacked to form a laminate.   The heat shield according to claim 4, wherein the laminate comprises a surface layer formed of fourth particles smaller than the third particles, and the surface layer is formed more densely than the third particle layer. Insulation. 5 to 30 parts by weight of a plurality of first particles having an internal cavity, 1 to 20 parts by weight of a plurality of second particles having a smaller particle size than the first particle and having an internal cavity, and particles than a second particle Preparing a suspension comprising a plurality of third particles 0.1-10 parts by weight having a small diameter and an internal cavity, 15-40 parts by weight of a binder, and 5-30 parts by weight of a volatile solvent; ,
The suspension is jetted from the nozzle into the air at a velocity of 10 to 500 mm / sec by the two-fluid mixing method together with the air flow pressurized to 0.2 to 0.4 MPa, and the spray distance from the nozzle is 0.1 m to 2 m Uniformly spreading the suspension on the surface of a certain substrate;
A plurality of first particles with a particle size of 50 to 100 μm are in motion during the motion of uniformly spreading a suspension comprising the first particles, the second particles and the third particles coated with a thin film of the binder on the surface of the substrate. The particles are separated from each other, and each first particle is surrounded by a second particle layer mainly composed of second particles with a diameter of 10 to 50 μm, and a particle diameter of 0.5 to 10 μm The third particle layer is supported by the moisture of the volatile solvent and moves outward in the binder to surround the second particle layer by the third particle layer mainly composed of the third particles, Attaching the first particles, the second particles and the third particles to the surface of the substrate;
And drying the suspension adhering to the substrate to adhere the first particles, the second particles and the third particles with a binder.

Images