JP6554454B2 - Substrate processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus for separating an electronic component from a printed circuit board on which an electronic component such as an IC, a resistor, or a capacitor is mounted.

  Printed circuit boards incorporated in personal computers, cellular phones, and the like contain various rare metals, and in recent years, efforts have been actively made to recover and reuse these. Rare metals are included in both the substrate itself and the electronic components on the substrate, and recovery efficiency can be enhanced by accurately separating the substrate and components as an initial stage of the recovery operation. Conventionally, as a separation method, a method of heating a substrate to melt solder, and a method of melting a substrate with a chemical solution are known. However, these methods have problems such as consuming a lot of energy for heating and processing the chemical solution. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, a rotating blade and a plurality of fixed blades arranged around the rotating blade are provided, and the substrate advances between the rotating blade and the fixed blade in the circumferential direction of the rotating blade. There has been proposed an apparatus capable of separating components on a substrate without heat treatment or chemical treatment.

JP2013-133508A

  However, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, while the substrate passes between the rotary blade and the fixed blade, the inner surface (surface on the rotary blade side) of the substrate continues to contact the rotary blade, and the parts are separated. As described above, the substrate itself may be damaged, and the recovery efficiency of rare metals from the substrate may be reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a substrate processing apparatus that separates electronic components from a substrate while suppressing damage to the substrate with a simple configuration.

  The present invention is for separating an electronic component from a board on which the electronic component is mounted, and includes an upper conveyor belt, a lower upstream conveyor belt, a lower downstream conveyor belt, a rotary blade, and a lower upstream The side conveyor belt and the lower downstream conveyor belt are opposed to the upstream side and downstream side of the upper conveyor belt, respectively, and the substrate, which is the object to be processed, is placed on the upper conveyor belt, the lower upstream conveyor belt, and the lower downstream side. It is sandwiched between the transport belts and transported from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the rotary blade is provided below the upper transport belt and between the lower upstream transport belt and the lower downstream transport belt. And the components mounted on the substrate are separated from the lower surface of the substrate.

  According to the present invention, when the substrate passes through the portion between the lower upstream conveyor belt and the lower downstream conveyor belt, the substrate only touches the apex portion of the rotary blade for a moment. Electronic components can be separated.

The substrate processing apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. The details of the rotary blade are shown, (a) is a side view of the rotor (before mounting of the cutting blade), (b) is a side view of the rotor (after mounting of the cutting blade), (c) is a front view of the rotor, (d) is It is a front view of a rotary blade. It is explanatory drawing of the flow of the process by the substrate processing apparatus of this invention.

  The specific configuration of the substrate processing apparatus of the present invention will be described based on the respective drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the substrate processing apparatus includes an upper conveyor belt 1, a lower upstream conveyor belt 2, a lower downstream conveyor belt 3, and a rotary blade 4. In the following, the upstream side of each belt is the front side, the downstream side is the rear side, and the left and right indicate the left and right directions when the apparatus is viewed from the front side.

  The upper conveying belt 1 is an endless belt extending in the front-rear direction, and the end rollers 11a and 11b are provided on the inner side of the front and rear ends. The end rollers 11a and 11b rotate around the left-right axis, and the upper conveying belt 1 is tensioned by the both end rollers 11a and 11b, and the rear end roller 11b has a built-in motor. (Wiring is not shown). When the rear end roller 11b is driven, the upper conveyance belt 1 rotates, and the rotation direction is a direction in which the lower side surface advances to the rear side. Further, upper frames 6 extending in the front-rear direction are provided on the left and right of the upper conveying belt 1, and left and right end portions of the end rollers 11 a and 11 b are pivotally supported by the upper frame 6. And the upper frame 6 on either side is being fixed to the upper surface of the mount frame 9 by the support | pillar 61 provided in the front side part and the back side part. The gantry 9 has a substantially rectangular frame structure.

  The lower upstream conveyor belt 2 is an endless belt extending in the front-rear direction, and the length in the front-rear direction is substantially half of the upper conveyor belt 1 and is located below the upstream portion of the upper conveyor belt 1. The upper side surface of the lower upstream conveyance belt 2 is in contact with the lower side surface of the upper conveyance belt 1 so as to be in contact with each other. However, the front end of the lower upstream conveyance belt 2 protrudes to the front side relative to the front end of the upper conveyance belt 1. End rollers 21a and 21b are provided inside the front and rear ends of the lower upstream conveyance belt 2. The end rollers 21a and 21b rotate around the left and right axis, and are tensioned to the lower upstream conveyor belt 2 by the both end rollers 21a and 21b, and the rear end roller 21b is a motor. (Wiring not shown). When the rear end roller 21b is driven, the lower upstream conveying belt 2 is rotated, and the rotation direction is a direction in which the upper surface advances to the rear side. In addition, a lower front frame 7 extending in the front-rear direction is provided on the left and right sides of the lower upstream conveyor belt 2, and the left and right ends of the end rollers 21a and 21b are pivotally supported by the lower front frame 7. Yes. And the lower front side frame 7 on either side is being fixed to the upper surface of the mount frame 9 by the support damper 71 provided in the front side part and the rear side part. The support damper 71 is a spring damper, and presses the lower upstream conveyor belt 2 against the upper conveyor belt 1 from below by the elastic force of the spring.

  The lower downstream conveyor belt 3 is an endless belt extending in the front-rear direction, and its longitudinal length is approximately half that of the upper conveyor belt 1 and slightly shorter than the lower upstream conveyor belt 2. Of the lower frame of the upper frame 6 and the upper side of the lower downstream side conveying belt 3 is in contact with the lower side of the upper side conveying belt 1 ing. However, the front end of the lower downstream conveyor belt 3 is separated from the rear end of the lower upstream conveyor belt 2, and the rear end of the lower downstream conveyor belt 3 is located behind the rear end of the upper conveyor belt 1. It protrudes. End rollers 31 a and 31 b are provided inside the front and rear ends of the lower downstream side conveyor belt 3. The end rollers 31a and 31b rotate around the horizontal axis, and tension is applied to the lower downstream conveying belt 3 by the both end rollers 31a and 31b, and the front end roller 31a drives the motor. Built-in (wiring not shown). When the front end roller 31a is driven, the lower downstream side conveyor belt 3 is rotated, and the rotation direction is a direction in which the upper surface advances to the rear side. Further, lower rear side frames 8 extending in the front and rear direction are provided on the left and right of the lower downstream side conveyor belt 3, and left and right end portions of the end rollers 31a and 31b are pivotally supported on the lower rear side frame 8 Has been. The left and right lower rear frames 8 are fixed to the upper surface of the gantry 9 by support dampers 81 provided at the front and rear sides. The support damper 81 is composed of a spring damper, and presses the lower downstream side conveyor belt 3 against the upper conveyor belt 1 from below by the elastic force of the spring.

  The rotary blade 4 is provided below the upper conveying belt 1 and between the lower upstream conveying belt 2 and the lower downstream conveying belt 3. Similar to the lower upstream conveyor belt 2 and the lower downstream conveyor belt 3, the upper side is directed to the rear side, and the upper side is an upper conveyor belt. Slightly separated from the lower surface of 1. More specifically, it has a rotating shaft 41 facing to the left and right at the center, the left and right of the rotating shaft 41 are pivotally supported by the support wall 42, and the support wall 42 is fixed to the upper surface of the gantry 9. The left and right ends of the rotating shaft 41 protrude outward from the support wall 42, a pulley 43 is attached to the right end, and a counterweight 44 is attached to the left end. A motor 45 is installed on the inner front side of the gantry 9, and a pulley 46 is attached to the drive shaft of the motor 45, and a drive belt 47 is attached to the pulley 43 of the rotary blade 4 and the pulley 46 of the motor 45. The rotary blade 4 is rotated by driving the motor 45.

  Further, 18 rotors 5 are arranged on the left and right sides of the rotating shaft 41 between the left and right support walls 42 to constitute the rotary blade 4. As shown in FIG. 2A, a key groove 51 is formed in the rotary shaft insertion portion of the rotor 5. And the cutting blade insertion hole 52 is formed in the peripheral part of the rotor 5 at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction, and as shown in FIGS. A cutting blade 53 is attached. In the cutting blade insertion hole 52, the tip of the inserted cutting blade 53 protrudes from the peripheral edge of the rotor 5, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade 53 is in the rotational direction of the rotary blade 4 as shown in FIG. It is designed to tilt. A fixed piece insertion hole 54 is formed in communication with the cutting blade insertion hole 52 in front of each cutting blade insertion hole 52 in the rotation direction. The fixing piece insertion hole 54 has a shape that widens toward the opening side, and after inserting the cutting blade 53 into the cutting blade insertion hole 52, the substantially trapezoidal fixing piece 55 is inserted into the fixing piece insertion hole 54. The cutting blade 53 is fixed to the rotor 5 by stopping. Furthermore, in each of the rotors 5, the position (circumferential angle) of the key groove 51 with respect to the position of the cutting blade 53 is made different. There are three types of angles, and furthermore, there are two types that are symmetrical about each other, and a total of six types is one set, which is 18 sheets in three sets. The rotors 5 are arranged as shown in FIG. 2 (d) so that the cutting blade 53 is disposed in a waveform, and is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the rotation shaft 41 by the key 56. The arrangement pattern of the cutting blades 53 can be changed by changing the order in which the rotor 5 is attached to the rotating shaft 41.

  Further, on the inner side of the upper conveyance belt 1, the upper end roller 21b on the rear side of the lower upstream conveyance belt 2 and the upper position of the end roller 31a on the front side of the lower downstream conveyance belt 3, respectively, are pressed rollers 12a, 12b is provided. The pressing rollers 12 a and 12 b rotate around the left and right axis, and the left and right ends are pivotally supported on the upper frame 6. The center axis of the upper conveying belt 1 is smaller in diameter than the end rollers 11a and 11b, and the central axis is offset below the central axis of the end rollers 11a and 11b. The lower upstream side conveying belt 2 and the lower downstream side conveying belt 2 are pressed against the upper side surface.

  Further, an adjustment roller 13 is provided at the upper side position of the rotary blade 4 inside the upper conveyance belt 1. The adjustment roller 13 rotates about the left and right axis, and the left and right ends are pivotally supported by the upper frame 6 so as to be rotatable and vertically movable. The adjustment mechanism 14 is connected to the left and right ends of the upper conveyance belt 1 having the same diameter as the end rollers 11a and 11b. The adjustment mechanism 14 includes a substantially Z-shaped stay 15 provided on the upper side of the left and right upper frames 6, a bolt 16 and a nut 17. The lower end of the bolt 16 is connected to the left and right ends of the adjustment roller 13. The upper end portion is passed through the upper end surface of the stay 15, and the upper end surface of the stay 15 is sandwiched and fixed by a nut 17 from above and below. According to the adjustment mechanism 14, the interval between the adjustment roller 13 and the rotary blade 4 can be adjusted by changing the tightening position of the nut 17 to change the vertical position of the adjustment roller 13 with respect to the upper frame 6. .

  Further, at the lower side position of the rotary blade 4 and the lower downstream side conveyance belt 3 inside the gantry 9, a substantially rectangular collection box 10 opened upward is provided. The upper conveyor belt 1, the lower upstream conveyor belt 2, the lower downstream conveyor belt 3 and the rotary blade 4 placed on the upper side of the gantry 9 are covered with a substantially rectangular parallelepiped cover 100. In the front side and the rear side of the cover 100, the substrate inlet and outlet are formed respectively.

  Then, the process of processing a board | substrate by the substrate processing apparatus comprised in this way is demonstrated. This substrate processing apparatus is for separating an electronic component from a printed circuit board on which electronic components such as an IC, a resistor, and a capacitor are mounted. The operator first drives the upper conveying belt 1, the lower upstream conveying belt 2, the lower downstream conveying belt 3 and the rotary blade 4 to load the substrate B to be processed from the inlet of the cover 100. At this time, the surface on which the component P to be separated from the substrate B is mounted is set to the lower side ((1) in FIG. 3). The substrate B is mounted on the front end portion of the lower upstream conveying belt 2, sandwiched between the upper conveying belt 1 and the lower upstream conveying belt 2, and conveyed backward ((2) in FIG. 3). At this time, since the lower upstream transport belt 2 is supported by the support damper 71, the lower upstream transport belt 2 moves up and down as appropriate according to the thickness of the substrate B. The substrate B that has reached the rear end of the lower upstream conveyor belt 2 is subsequently sandwiched between the upper conveyor belt 1 and the rotary blade 4 and conveyed to the rear side, and the lower blade P is peeled off by the rotary blade 4. ((3) in FIG. 3). The separated parts P fall from between the rotary blade 4 and the lower downstream side conveyance belt 3 and are collected in the collection box 10. The substrate B from which the component P has been separated is sandwiched between the upper conveyor belt 1 and the lower downstream conveyor belt 3 and conveyed rearward ((4) in FIG. 3). At this time, since the lower downstream side transport belt 3 is supported by the support damper 81, it moves up and down appropriately according to the thickness of the substrate B. Then, the substrate B that has reached the rear end of the lower downstream transport belt 3 is discharged from the discharge port of the cover 100 ((5) in FIG. 3). Thus, the substrate B and the component P are separated, and by appropriately processing each of them, gold, copper and the like used for the pattern on the substrate are recovered from the substrate B, and from the component P, tantalum and the like Rare metals are collected. Note that some boards have components mounted on both sides. In that case, after separating the components on one side as described above, turn them over again and separate the components on the opposite side. .

  According to the substrate processing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the component P is separated from the substrate B by the rotary blade 4, and the substrate B is the lower upstream conveyor belt 2 and the lower downstream conveyor belt 3. When passing through the intermediate portion, the component P can be separated from the substrate B while suppressing damage to the substrate B because it only touches the apex portion of the rotary blade 4 for a moment. Further, by adjusting the distance between the adjustment roller 13 and the rotary blade 4 by changing the vertical position of the adjustment roller 13 by the adjustment mechanism 14, processing can be performed regardless of the thickness of the substrate B. Further, since the pressing roller 12a on the front side of the upper conveyance belt 1 is positioned above the end roller 21b on the rear side of the lower upstream conveyance belt 2, the substrate B conveyed from the upstream side is moved to the end roller 21b. It is possible to perform processing by the rotary blade 4 by sandwiching it with the pressing roller 12 a and reliably pushing it downstream. And since the pressing roller 12b on the rear side of the upper conveyor belt 1 is located above the end roller 31a on the front side of the lower downstream conveyor belt 3, the substrate B processed by the rotary blade 4 is transferred to the end roller. By being sandwiched between 31a and the pressing roller 12b, it can be reliably pulled between the upper conveyor belt 1 and the lower downstream conveyor belt 3 and conveyed downstream.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, any structure may be used for supporting the upper conveyor belt, the lower upstream conveyor belt, the lower downstream conveyor belt, and the rotary blade. Further, the structure of the rotary blade is also an example and may be any. The apparatus of the above embodiment is intended for a personal computer board. For example, when targeting a smaller mobile phone board, the number of rotors of the rotary blade can be reduced, What is necessary is just to make the whole small with the said structure, such as shortening the width | variety and length of a conveyance belt, a lower upstream conveyance belt, and a lower downstream conveyance belt.

1 Upper Conveying Belt 2 Lower Upper Conveying Belt 3 Lower Downstream Conveying Belt 4 Rotating Blade

Claims (1)

For separating an electronic component from a substrate on which the electronic component is mounted,
An upper conveyor belt, a lower upstream conveyor belt, a lower downstream conveyor belt, and a rotary blade,
The lower upstream conveyor belt and the lower downstream conveyor belt are opposed to the upstream side and the downstream side of the upper conveyor belt, respectively. It is sandwiched between the downstream conveyor belt and conveyed from the upstream side to the downstream side,
A rotary blade is provided below the upper conveyor belt, between the lower upstream conveyor belt and the lower downstream conveyor belt, and separates the components mounted on the board from the lower surface of the board to be conveyed. Substrate processing apparatus characterized in that.

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