JP6562858B2 - Waste charging device and waste processing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a waste charging apparatus and a waste processing apparatus.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a waste charging apparatus for charging waste from above into a waste melting furnace having a cylindrical side wall extending in the vertical direction. The waste charging device includes a lower opening for sending waste downward, and a lower seal valve that rotates around a horizontal axis to open and close the lower opening.

JP 2014-126232 A

  For example, when waste containing hazardous substances such as radioactive waste is to be treated, the flexible container bag containing the waste may be loaded into the waste treatment furnace without unpacking (hereinafter, This charging method is called “unpacking charging method”). In this case, since the waste falls in an integrated state by the flexible container bag, it is predicted that the load applied to the seal valve will be larger than when the flexible container bag is unpacked and the waste is loaded. The When the seal valve is broken due to an increase in load, gas in the waste treatment furnace leaks. For this reason, it is important to prevent fatigue failure of the seal valve. In particular, when the waste contains harmful substances, it is even more important to prevent fatigue failure of the seal valve. For this reason, when repeating the loading of the waste by the unpacking charging method, it is desired to grasp the fatigue state of the seal valve and perform maintenance prior to the fatigue failure of the seal valve.

  An object of this indication is to provide the device which can grasp | ascertain the fatigue state of a seal valve, suppressing complication of an apparatus configuration.

  A waste charging device according to the present disclosure includes a valve body that opens and closes a charging port that opens downward in a path for charging waste into a waste melting furnace, and a hydraulic actuator that is a power source. And a valve locking mechanism for restraining the valve body in a closed state, and a load applied to the first seal valve when waste falls on the valve body is derived based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator. And a monitoring device for deriving an index related to the fatigue state of the first seal valve based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times the waste has dropped on the valve body.

  In this waste charging apparatus, the valve body is restrained to the closed state by a force corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the actuator of the valve lock mechanism. For this reason, the hydraulic pressure of the actuator fluctuates according to the drop impact of the waste on the valve body. Therefore, based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator of the valve lock mechanism, it is possible to grasp the load applied to the first seal valve when waste falls on the valve body. The fatigue state of the first seal valve tends to be related to the magnitude of the load and the number of times waste has fallen on the valve body. For this reason, the index regarding the fatigue state of the first seal valve can be derived based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times. That is, information on the fatigue state of the first seal valve can be derived using the actuator of the valve lock mechanism. Therefore, the fatigue state of the first seal valve can be grasped while suppressing the complication of the device configuration.

  The waste charging device is disposed above the first seal valve, and is provided on the opposite side of the first seal valve with respect to the second seal valve that opens and closes the path toward the charging port. And a damper that reduces the falling speed of the waste by dropping it again after preventing the falling of the waste.

  The waste charging device may further include a bag breaking device that performs a bag breaking process on the waste that is prevented from dropping by the damper. In this case, by performing the bag breaking process, it is possible to promote deformation and dispersion of the waste when falling on the valve body, and to reduce the drop impact by the deformation. Therefore, fatigue accumulation in the first seal valve can be further suppressed.

  The waste charging device applies a bag-breaking process to the waste when the load acting on the damper exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the waste is charged if the load acting on the damper does not exceed the threshold. There may be further provided a controller for controlling the bag breaking apparatus so as not to perform the bag breaking process.

  When the load acting on the damper is small, the load acting on the first seal valve is also small. Therefore, even if the bag breaking process is omitted, the influence on the fatigue state of the first seal valve is small. On the other hand, if the bag breaking process is omitted, the processing efficiency of waste increases. Therefore, by switching the presence or absence of the bag breaking process based on whether or not the load acting on the damper exceeds a predetermined threshold, the reduction in waste processing efficiency and the suppression of fatigue accumulation in the first seal valve Can be achieved.

  The damper may include a damper main body that opens and closes a path toward the loading port, and a damper lock mechanism that restrains the damper main body in a closed state by using a hydraulic actuator as a power source. You may be comprised so that the load which acts on a damper may be detected based on the hydraulic pressure of an actuator. In this case, in the configuration in which the presence or absence of the bag breaking process is switched according to the load acting on the damper, it is possible to more reliably suppress the complication of the device configuration.

  The waste charging device may further include a display device that displays the index derived by the monitoring device.

  A waste treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a waste treatment furnace and a waste charge apparatus that charges the waste into the waste treatment furnace, the waste charge apparatus opens downward, A first seal valve comprising: a valve body that opens and closes an inlet for sending waste into the waste treatment furnace from below; and a valve lock mechanism that restrains the valve body in a closed state using a hydraulic actuator as a power source; The load applied to the first seal valve when waste falls on the valve body is derived based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator, and based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times waste falls on the valve body. And a monitoring device for deriving an index related to the fatigue state of the first seal valve.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to grasp the fatigue state of the seal valve while suppressing the complexity of the device configuration.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of a waste disposal apparatus. It is sectional drawing which illustrates the fixation structure of an output shaft and a lock nail | claw. It is a block diagram which illustrates the hardware constitutions of a monitoring apparatus and a controller. It is a flowchart which shows the charging procedure of a waste material. It is a figure which illustrates the memory content regarding the magnitude | size of the load concerning a 1st seal valve, and the frequency | count of a fall of a waste. It is a graph which illustrates a SN curve.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same elements or elements having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

1. Waste Processing Device The waste processing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a device that reduces the volume of the waste G with heat energy. The waste G is, for example, general waste or industrial waste. The waste treatment apparatus 1 can process the waste G packed with packing materials such as a flexible conveyor bag without unpacking. Hereinafter, the unopened waste G is referred to as “unopened waste G”.

  The waste treatment apparatus 1 includes a waste treatment furnace 2, a lifting device 3, and a waste charging device 4. The waste treatment furnace 2 receives the waste G, reduces its volume with thermal energy, and discharges it. Specific examples of the waste treatment furnace 2 include an incinerator and a waste melting furnace. Incinerators reduce the volume by burning waste by heating. A gasification melting furnace thermally decomposes and combusts combustibles in waste under a reducing atmosphere to melt ash, incombustibles, and the like. As an example, the waste treatment furnace 2 is configured to receive waste from above.

  The lifting device 3 is disposed in the vicinity of the waste treatment furnace 2 and raises the waste G to a position higher than the waste treatment furnace 2. The waste G is conveyed to the lifting device 3 by a wheel loader or the like, for example.

  The waste charging device 4 guides the waste raised by the lifting device 3 into the waste treatment furnace 2. The waste charging device 4 is configured to be able to receive the unopened waste G, and includes at least the first seal valve 22 and the monitoring device 110. The first seal valve 22 has at least a valve body 24 and a valve lock mechanism 25. The valve main body 24 opens and closes the charging inlet 21a that opens downward in the path R1 for charging the waste G into the waste treatment furnace 2 from below. The valve lock mechanism 25 restrains the valve main body 24 in a closed state by using a hydraulic actuator 34 as a power source. The monitoring device 110 detects that the waste G has fallen on the valve body 24 based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34, and loads the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24. Based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34, an index relating to the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 is derived based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times the waste G has dropped onto the valve body 24.

2. Waste Charging Device Hereinafter, a specific configuration example of the waste charging device 4 will be described in more detail. The waste charging device 4 includes a first chute 10, an opening / closing device 20, a second chute 40, and a third chute 50. The third chute 50, the second chute 40, the opening / closing device 20 and the first chute 10 are connected in order from the upper side to the lower side, and the waste G raised by the lifting device 3 is charged into the waste treatment furnace 2. Route R1.

(1) First Chute The first chute 10 is provided on the waste treatment furnace 2 and receives the waste G from above and introduces it into the waste treatment furnace 2. The first chute 10 has a first portion 11 and a second portion 12 and is provided on the waste treatment furnace 2. The first part 11 is a cylindrical part along the vertical direction and is inserted into the waste treatment furnace 2. A lower end portion of the first portion 11 is opened downward in the waste treatment furnace 2. The second portion 12 is continuous with the first portion 11 and has an internal space that expands upward.

(2) Opening / closing device The opening / closing device 20 is provided on the first chute 10 and opens / closes the path R1. The opening / closing device 20 includes a relay chute 21, a first seal valve 22, and a second seal valve 23.

  The relay chute 21 is a cylindrical body along the vertical direction, and the lower part thereof is inserted into the second portion 12 of the first chute 10. The center axis CL2 of the relay chute 21 is located closer to the lifting device 3 than the center axis CL1 of the first portion 11 of the first chute 10. The lower part of the relay chute 21 constitutes an inlet 21a that opens downward along the route R1. The upper part of the relay chute 21 constitutes a receiving port 21b that opens upward in the route R1.

  The first seal valve 22 has a valve body 24 and a valve lock mechanism 25.

  The valve body 24 opens and closes the loading port 21a from below. For example, the valve body 24 is a plate-like body provided so as to cover the charging port 21a, and is rotatable around a horizontal rotation axis Ax1 passing through the charging port 21a. As an example, the rotation axis Ax1 passes through a portion of the periphery of the loading inlet 21a that is opposite to the center axis CL1 of the first portion 11 (that is, the lifting device 3 side). Hereinafter, the base end portion of the valve body 24 means a portion on the rotation axis Ax1 side, and the tip end portion of the valve body 24 means a portion on the opposite side of the rotation axis Ax1. The valve body 24 rotates around the rotation axis Ax1 using, for example, a hydraulic actuator (not shown) as a power source, closes the inlet 21a when it is substantially horizontal, and rotates downward to open the inlet 21a. open.

  The valve lock mechanism 25 restrains the valve main body 24 in a closed state by using a hydraulic actuator 34 as a power source. For example, the valve lock mechanism 25 includes a lock claw 31, an actuator 34, and a pressure gauge 38.

  The lock claw 31 is provided so as to hang under the valve main body 24 with the loading port 21a closed, and is rotatable around a horizontal rotation axis Ax2 passing through the periphery of the loading port 21a. As an example, the lock claw 31 is provided so as to hang under the distal end portion of the valve body 24. The rotation axis Ax2 passes through the portion of the first portion 11 on the central axis CL1 side (that is, the opposite side of the lifting device 3) around the loading port 21a, and is parallel to the rotation axis Ax1. In other words, the rotation axis Ax2 passes through a position where the loading port 21a (path R1) is sandwiched between the rotation axis Ax2 and the rotation axis Ax1. Hereinafter, the base end portion of the lock claw 31 means a portion on the rotation axis Ax2 side, and the tip end portion of the lock claw 31 means a portion on the opposite side of the rotation axis Ax2.

  The actuator 34 has a hydraulic cylinder 35, an output shaft 36, and a link 37. The hydraulic cylinder 35 expands and contracts according to the hydraulic pressure. The output shaft 36 is rotatable around the rotation axis Ax2, and is fixed to the proximal end portion of the lock claw 31.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the lock claw 31 has a cylindrical portion 33 at its proximal end. The cylindrical portion 33 is along the rotation axis Ax2 and is fitted to the output shaft 36. A key groove 36a along the rotation axis Ax2 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 33, and a key groove 33a along the rotation axis Ax2 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft 36 correspondingly. ing. A key 39 is disposed between the cylindrical portion 33 and the output shaft 36, and the key 39 is fitted in both of the key grooves 33a and 36a. Thereby, the output shaft 36 is fixed to the proximal end portion of the lock claw 31.

  The link 37 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 35 and the output shaft 36, and converts expansion / contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 35 into rotation of the output shaft 36. With this configuration, the lock claw 31 rotates according to the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 35.

  The pressure gauge 38 detects the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 35 and outputs the detection result as an electric signal, for example.

  When the valve lock mechanism 25 restrains the valve body 24 in the closed state, the lock claw 31 is hung under the valve body 24 by extending or shortening (shortening in the illustrated example) the hydraulic cylinder 35. When a downward load is applied to the valve body 24 in this state, the valve lock mechanism 25 maintains the position of the lock pawl 31 by the extension force or shortening force (shortening force in the illustrated example) of the hydraulic cylinder 35, and the valve body 24 is kept closed. For this reason, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 35 detected by the pressure gauge 38 correlates with a load acting on the valve body 24 (a load acting on the first seal valve 22).

  Returning to FIG. 1, the second seal valve 23 is disposed above the first seal valve 22, and opens and closes the path R <b> 1 toward the loading port 21 a. For example, the second seal valve 23 has a valve body 26. The valve body 26 is a plate-like body provided so as to cover the receiving port 21b and is slidable in the horizontal direction. The valve body 26, for example, a hydraulic or electric actuator (not shown) is slid in the horizontal direction as a power source, the path R1 is closed with the receiving port 21b covered, and the path R1 is retracted from the receiving port 21b. open.

(3) Second Chute The second chute 40 is provided on the switching device 20 and introduces the waste G into the relay chute 21 of the switching device 20. The second chute 40 has a first portion 41 and a second portion 42. The first portion 41 is a cylindrical portion along the vertical direction, and the central axis CL3 thereof coincides with the central axis CL2 of the relay chute 21. The second part 42 is connected to the first part 41 and has an internal space that expands upward.

(4) Third Chute The third chute 50 is provided on the second chute 40 and receives the waste G raised by the lifting device 3 from above and introduces it into the second chute 40. The third chute 50 has a first portion 51 and a second portion 52. The first portion 51 is a cylindrical portion that is inclined so as to approach the lifting device 3 as it goes upward, and its lower portion is inserted into the second portion 42 of the second chute 40. The second part 52 is continuous with the first part 51 and opens upward at a position adjacent to the upper end of the lifting device 3.

(5) Damper The waste charging device 4 may further include a damper 60. The damper 60 is provided on the opposite side of the first seal valve 22 with respect to the second seal valve 23, and reduces the fall speed of the waste G by dropping it again after preventing the drop of the waste G. For example, the damper 60 is provided in the second portion 42 of the second chute 40 and prevents the waste G from dropping from the first portion 51.

  The damper 60 includes, for example, a damper main body 61 and a damper lock mechanism 62.

  The damper main body 61 opens and closes the path R1 toward the loading port 21a. For example, the damper main body 61 is a plate-like body provided so as to cover the opening 51a at the lower end of the first portion 51, and is rotatable around a horizontal rotation axis Ax3 that passes around the opening 51a. As an example, the rotation axis Ax3 passes through a portion of the periphery of the opening 51a on the central axis CL1 side of the first portion 11 (that is, the opposite side of the lifting device 3). Hereinafter, the base end portion of the damper main body 61 means a portion on the rotation axis Ax3 side, and the tip end portion of the damper main body 61 means a portion on the opposite side of the rotation axis Ax3. The damper main body 61 rotates around the rotation axis Ax3 using, for example, a hydraulic actuator (not shown) as a power source, closes the path R1 when it is along the lower end surface of the first portion 51, and rotates downward to pass the path. Open R1. The direction of the damper main body 61 when the opening 51a is closed (the protruding direction of the tip of the damper main body 61) is the same as the direction of the valve main body 24 when the inlet 21a is closed (the protruding direction of the tip of the valve main body 24). The opposite is true.

  The damper lock mechanism 62 restrains the damper main body 61 in a closed state by using a hydraulic actuator 64 as a power source. For example, the damper lock mechanism 62 includes a lock claw 63, an actuator 64, and a pressure gauge 68.

  The lock claw 63 is provided so as to hang under the damper main body 61 with the opening 51a closed, and is rotatable around a horizontal rotation axis Ax4 passing through the periphery of the opening 51a. As an example, the lock claw 63 is provided to hang under the tip of the damper main body 61. The rotation axis Ax4 passes through a portion of the periphery of the opening 51a that is opposite to the center axis CL1 of the first portion 11 (that is, the lifting device 3 side), and is parallel to the rotation axis Ax3. In other words, the rotation axis Ax4 passes through a position where the opening 51a (path R1) is sandwiched between the rotation axis Ax3 and the rotation axis Ax3. Hereinafter, the base end portion of the lock claw 63 means a portion on the rotation axis Ax4 side, and the tip end portion of the lock claw 63 means a portion on the opposite side of the rotation axis Ax4.

The actuator 64 has a hydraulic cylinder 65, an output shaft 66, and a link 67.
The hydraulic cylinder 65 expands and contracts according to the hydraulic pressure. The output shaft 66 is rotatable around the rotation axis Ax4 and is fixed to the proximal end portion of the lock claw 63. The link 67 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 65 and the output shaft 66, and converts expansion / contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 65 into rotation of the output shaft 66. With this configuration, the lock claw 63 rotates according to the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 65.

  The pressure gauge 68 detects the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 65 and outputs the detection result as an electric signal, for example.

  The damper lock mechanism 62 hangs the lock claw 63 under the damper body 61 by extending or shortening (shortening in the illustrated example) the hydraulic cylinder 65 when restraining the damper body 61 in the closed state. When a load is applied downward to the damper main body 61 in this state, the damper lock mechanism 62 keeps the position of the lock claw 63 by the extension force or shortening force (shortening force in the illustrated example) of the hydraulic cylinder 65, and the damper main body 61 61 is kept closed. For this reason, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 65 detected by the pressure gauge 68 correlates with a load acting on the damper main body 61 (a load acting on the damper 60).

(6) Bag-breaking device The waste charging device 4 may further include a bag-breaking device 70. The bag breaking device 70 performs a bag breaking process on the waste G whose fall is prevented by the damper 60. The bag breaking process includes a process of forming a hole or a cut in at least a part of the packaging material of the waste G, and the packaging material is torn along the entire circumference of the annular line surrounding the waste and separated into two bodies. Is also included.

  As an example, the bag breaking device 70 includes a blade 71, an actuator 72, and a blade accommodating portion 73. The blade accommodating portion 73 bulges from the peripheral wall at the lower end of the first portion 51 to the outer peripheral side (for example, the opposite side of the lifting device 3). The blade 71 has a sharp blade edge portion, and is disposed in the blade housing portion 73 with the blade edge portion facing the path R1. The actuator 72 is, for example, a hydraulic actuator, and pushes out the blade 71 from the blade housing portion 73 into the first portion 51 and pulls the blade 71 back from the first portion 51 into the blade housing portion 73.

  When the actuator 72 pushes the blade 71 into the first portion 51 in a state where the waste G is prevented from dropping by the damper 60, the blade 71 is pressed against the waste G. Thereby, at least a part of the packaging material of the waste G is torn.

(7) Monitoring device The monitoring device 110 derives the load applied to the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24 based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34, and determines the magnitude of the load and the disposal. Based on the number of times the object G has dropped onto the valve body 24, an index relating to the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 is derived.

  For example, the monitoring device 110 includes a hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 111, a load derivation unit 112, a drop data storage unit 113, a data storage unit 114, and a damage degree calculation unit 115 as functional modules.

  The hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 111 acquires the value of the hydraulic pressure detected by the pressure gauge 38 as information related to the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34 (hereinafter referred to as “hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 34”).

  The load deriving unit 112 derives a load applied to the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24. For example, the load deriving unit 112 derives the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 34 repeatedly acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquiring unit 111 for a predetermined time as the load.

  The data storage unit 113 at the time of falling is the first when the waste G falls on the valve body 24 based on the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 34 acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 111 and the detection result by the load deriving unit 112. The load applied to one seal valve 22 is detected, and the detection result is sent to the data storage unit 114.

  The data storage unit 114 records the magnitude of the load acting on the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24 and the number of times the waste G falls on the valve body 24. Every time the detection result is sent from the data storage unit 113, the recorded content is updated.

  The damage degree calculation unit 115 derives an index related to the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 (hereinafter referred to as “fatigue damage degree”) based on the data recorded in the data storage unit 114.

  The waste charging device 4 may further include a display device that displays the fatigue damage degree derived by the monitoring device 110. The display device may be capable of displaying the fatigue damage degree as a numerical value, a character, or a graph, such as a liquid crystal monitor, and is a warning light that is turned on when the fatigue damage degree exceeds a predetermined threshold. May be.

(8) Controller The waste charging device 4 may further include a controller 120. When the load acting on the damper 60 exceeds a predetermined threshold value (hereinafter referred to as “load threshold value”), the controller 120 performs a bag breaking process on the waste G, and the load acting on the damper 60 is reduced. If the load threshold is not exceeded, the bag breaking device 70 is controlled so that the waste G is not subjected to the bag breaking process.

  The controller 120 may be configured to detect a load acting on the damper 60 based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 64 of the damper lock mechanism 62.

  The controller 120 may execute the control of the bag breaking device 70 and the control of the first seal valve 22, the second seal valve 23, and the damper 60 in combination.

  For example, the controller 120 includes a bag breaking control unit 121 and an opening / closing control unit 122 as functional modules.

  The bag breakage control unit 121 includes a hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123, a drop determination unit 124, a bag breakage processing determination unit 125, and a bag breakage command output unit 126.

  The hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123 acquires the value of the hydraulic pressure detected by the pressure gauge 68 as information related to the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 64 (hereinafter referred to as “hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64”).

  The drop determination unit 124 determines whether the waste G has dropped on the damper main body 61 based on the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123.

  When the waste G falls on the damper main body 61 based on the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123 and the detection result by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123, the bag breaking process determination unit 125 A load acting on the damper 60 is detected, and whether or not the bag breaking process is necessary is determined based on whether or not the load exceeds the load threshold.

  The bag breaking instruction output unit 126 outputs an execution command for the bag breaking process to the bag breaking apparatus 70 when the bag breaking process determination unit 125 determines that the bag breaking process is necessary.

  The opening / closing control unit 122 controls the damper 60 so that the waste G is dropped after being prevented from dropping, and opens and closes the receiving port 21b before and after the movement of the waste G from the damper 60 to the first seal valve 22. The second seal valve 23 is controlled, and the first seal valve 22 is controlled so as to open and close the charging inlet 21 a and send the waste G into the waste treatment furnace 2.

  For example, the opening / closing control unit 122 acquires information indicating the fall of the waste G on the damper main body 61 from the bag breaking control unit 121, and controls the damper 60 and the second seal valve 23 based on the information. In addition, the opening / closing control unit 122 acquires information indicating the fall of the waste G on the valve body 24 from the monitoring device 110, and controls the first seal valve 22 based on the information.

(9) Hardware configuration of monitoring device and controller The monitoring device 110 and the controller 120 may be configured by hardware separated from each other, or may be configured by one piece of hardware. For example, the waste charging device 4 includes a circuit 130 illustrated in FIG. 3 as hardware constituting the monitoring device 110 and the controller 120.

  The circuit 130 includes one or more processors 131, a memory 132, a storage 133, and an input / output port 134. The input / output port 134 inputs and outputs electrical signals between the damper main body 61, the actuator 64, the pressure gauge 68, the bag breaking device 70, the valve main body 24, the actuator 34, the pressure gauge 38, and the second seal valve 23. The storage 133 records a program for configuring each functional module of the monitoring device 110 and the controller 120. The storage 133 may be anything as long as it can be read by a computer. Specific examples include a hard disk, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, and an optical disk. The memory 132 temporarily stores the program loaded from the storage 133, the calculation result of the processor 131, and the like. The processor 131 executes the program in cooperation with the memory 132, thereby configuring each functional module described above.

  Note that the hardware configurations of the monitoring device 110 and the controller 120 are not necessarily limited to those configuring each functional module by a program. For example, each functional module of the monitoring device 110 and the controller 120 may be configured by a dedicated logic circuit or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) in which the logic modules are integrated.

2. Waste Charging Procedure Next, a waste charging procedure executed by the waste charging device 4 will be described as an example of the waste charging method. Here, a case where the procedure is automatically executed by the monitoring device 110 and the controller 120 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, first, the controller 120 executes steps S01 to S05.

  In step S <b> 01, the fall determination unit 124 determines whether or not the waste G has dropped on the damper main body 61 based on the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123. When the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 exceeds a predetermined threshold (hereinafter referred to as “first drop determination threshold”), the drop determination unit 124 determines that the waste G has dropped on the damper main body 61. If the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 does not exceed the first drop determination threshold, it may be determined that the waste G has not dropped on the damper main body 61. Further, the drop determination unit 124 determines that the waste G is contained in the damper main body 61 when the amount of increase in the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 exceeds a predetermined threshold (hereinafter referred to as “second drop determination threshold”). It may be determined that the waste G has not dropped onto the damper body 61 when it is determined that the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 64 has not exceeded the second drop determination threshold value. The first drop determination threshold and the second drop determination threshold can be set as appropriate through experiments or simulations.

  In step S01, the controller 120 repeats step S01 until it is determined that the waste G is falling on the damper main body 61. When it is detected in step S01 that the waste G has dropped on the damper main body 61, the controller 120 executes step S02. In step S02, whether or not the bag breaking process is necessary is determined based on whether or not the load that acts on the damper 60 when the waste G falls on the damper main body 61 exceeds the load threshold. Judgment.

  The bag breaking process determination unit 125 may use the hydraulic pressure information when the drop determination unit 124 detects that the waste G is falling on the damper main body 61 as the load. “Hydraulic information when the drop determination unit 124 detects that the waste G is falling” is the hydraulic information determined by the drop determination unit 124 as exceeding the first drop determination threshold. Alternatively, the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123 is used as the load in a predetermined period including when the drop determination unit 124 determines that the first drop determination threshold is exceeded. May be. Further, the bag breaking process determination unit 125 may use a value obtained by performing a predetermined calculation on the hydraulic pressure information acquired by the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123 as the load. For example, the bag breaking process determination unit 125 may calculate a torque acting on the output shaft 66 based on the hydraulic pressure information or the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information, and use the torque as the load.

  The load threshold can be set based on, for example, the pressure resistance of the actuator 34 of the first seal valve 22 (for example, the maximum pressure resistance or the rated pressure resistance in the specification). For example, if the load acting on the damper 60 when the waste G falls is equal to or less than the threshold, the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24 is equal to or less than the pressure resistance. Is set as follows.

  When the load acting on the damper 60 is equal to or less than the load threshold, the bag breaking process determination unit 125 determines that the bag breaking process is unnecessary. If the load acting on the damper 60 exceeds the load threshold, the bag breaking process determination unit 125 determines that the bag breaking process is necessary.

  If it is determined in step S02 that the bag breaking process is necessary, the controller 120 advances the process to step S04 after executing step S03. In step S <b> 03, the bag breaking command output unit 126 outputs an execution command for bag breaking processing to the bag breaking device 70. The bag breaking device 70 executes a bag breaking process in response to an execution command from the bag breaking command output unit 126. If it is determined in step S04 that the bag breaking process is unnecessary, the controller 120 advances the process to step S04 without executing step S03. Thus, in this procedure, when the load acting on the damper 60 exceeds the load threshold, the bag G is subjected to the bag breaking process, and the load acting on the damper 60 does not exceed the load threshold. The case includes controlling the bag breaking device 70 so that the waste G is not broken.

  In step S04, the opening / closing control unit 122 controls the second seal valve 23 so as to open the receiving port 21b. Thereby, the path R <b> 1 is opened between the damper 60 and the first seal valve 22.

  Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S05. In step S05, the load deriving unit 112 starts deriving the load applied to the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24. For example, the load deriving unit 112 derives the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 34 as the load. Specifically, the load deriving unit 112 starts deriving the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information using a predetermined value (for example, zero) as an initial stored value. Thereafter, each time the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 111 acquires the hydraulic pressure information of the actuator 34, the load deriving unit 112 compares the acquired hydraulic pressure information with the stored value, and the acquired hydraulic pressure information exceeds the stored value. If there is, the stored value is overwritten with the hydraulic pressure information.

  Next, the controller 120 executes step S06. In step S06, the opening / closing control unit 122 controls the damper 60 to open the opening 51a. Thereby, the waste G falls on the valve body 24.

  Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S07. In step S07, the load deriving unit 112 continues to derive the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information until a predetermined time elapses. The predetermined time is set longer than the time until the waste G falls on the valve body 24 after the damper 60 opens the opening 51a. The value of the predetermined time can be appropriately set by a prior experiment or simulation.

  Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S08. In step S08, the load deriving unit 112 completes the derivation of the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information. The load deriving unit 112 may use the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information derived in the process so far as the load, or may derive a value obtained by performing a predetermined calculation on the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information as the load. . For example, the load deriving unit 112 calculates a torque acting on the output shaft 36 based on the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure information, and the torque may be used as the load, or may be applied to the key 39 based on the torque acting on the output shaft 36. The acting shear stress may be further calculated, and the shear stress may be set as the load.

  Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S09. In step S09, the falling-time data storage unit 113 executes sending the load derived by the load deriving unit 112 to the data storage unit 114.

  The data storage unit 114 updates the recorded contents in accordance with the detection result sent from the drop time data storage unit 113. FIG. 5 is a table illustrating the recorded contents of the data storage unit 114. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the data storage unit 114 divides the magnitude of the load into a plurality of bands (classes), and records the number of times the waste G has dropped on the valve body 24 for each class. May be. When the data storage unit 114 receives the detection result from the fall time data storage unit 113, the data storage unit 114 adds 1 to the number of classes in which the detection result is included in the band.

  As illustrated here, it is possible to record the magnitude of the load acting on the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve body 24 and the number of times the waste G has dropped on the valve body 24. In addition, the number of times the waste G has fallen on the valve body 24 is recorded separately for each class. It should be noted that the fall time data storage unit 113 may determine which class the detection result of the fall time data storage unit 113 corresponds to. In this case, the drop data storage unit 113 sends a class identification code (for example, a class number) to the data storage unit 114 as information indicating the magnitude of the load acting on the first seal valve 22.

Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S10. In step S <b> 10, the damage degree calculation unit 115 derives the fatigue damage degree based on the −data recorded in the data storage unit 114. The degree of fatigue damage can be calculated by the following equation based on a cumulative damage rule such as a minor rule or a modified minor rule.
D = n1 / N1 + n2 / N2 + n3 / N3 + n4 / N4 +... Ni / Ni
D: Fatigue damage degree i: Load magnitude class ni: Number of drops of waste G classified in class i Ni: Number of drops allowed in class i

  The Ni can be derived based on the SN curve illustrated in FIG. The abscissa in FIG. 6 indicates the allowable number of repetitions (hereinafter referred to as “allowable number”). The vertical axis | shaft of FIG. 6 shows stress. For example, the Ni can be derived by obtaining the stress acting on the portion where the load concentration is assumed (for example, the key 39) for each class and obtaining the allowable number of times corresponding to the stress from the graph of FIG. .

  Based on the fatigue damage degree D, the possibility of occurrence of fatigue failure can be estimated. For example, if the fatigue damage degree D is less than 1, it is estimated that the possibility of fatigue failure is low, and if the fatigue damage degree D is 1 or more, it is estimated that the possibility of fatigue failure is high.

  Next, the monitoring device 110 executes Step S11. In step S <b> 11, the damage degree calculation unit 115 outputs the calculation result of the fatigue damage degree to the display device 200. The display device 200 displays the fatigue damage level output by the damage level calculation unit 115.

  Next, the controller 120 executes steps S12 to S14.

  In step S12, the opening / closing control unit 122 controls the hydraulic pressure information acquisition unit 123 so as to close the receiving port 21b. In step S13, the opening / closing control unit 122 controls the damper 60 so as to close the opening 51a. In step S14, the opening / closing control unit 122 controls the first seal valve 22 so as to open the charging port 21a, load the waste G into the waste treatment furnace 2, and then close the charging port 21a. This completes the waste charging procedure.

  Note that the execution order of steps S12 and S13 may be reversed. Steps S12 and S13 may be executed after step S08 and before execution of step S14, and may be executed prior to step S09, for example. Step S14 may be executed after steps S08, S12, and S13. Therefore, for example, when steps S12 and S13 are executed prior to step S09, step S14 may also be executed prior to step S09.

3. As described above, the waste charging device 4 according to the present disclosure has the charging port opened downward in the path R1 for charging the waste G into the waste processing furnace 2. A first seal valve 22 having a valve body 24 that opens and closes 21a from below; a valve lock mechanism 25 that restrains the valve body 24 in a closed state by using a hydraulic actuator 34 as a power source; Based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34, the load applied to the first seal valve 22 when falling onto the valve 24 is derived, and based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times the waste G has dropped onto the valve body 24, And a monitoring device 110 for deriving an index related to the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22.

  In the waste charging device 4, the valve main body 24 is restrained to a closed state by a force corresponding to the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34 of the valve lock mechanism 25. For this reason, the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34 varies according to the drop impact of the waste G on the valve body 24. Therefore, based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 34 of the valve lock mechanism 25, it is possible to grasp the load applied to the first seal valve 22 when the waste G falls on the valve main body 24. The fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 tends to be related to the magnitude of the load and the number of times the waste G has dropped onto the valve body 24. For this reason, the index regarding the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 can be derived based on the magnitude of the load and the number of times. That is, the information regarding the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 can be derived by utilizing the actuator 34 of the valve lock mechanism 25. Therefore, the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 can be grasped while suppressing the complication of the device configuration.

  The waste charging device 4 is disposed above the first seal valve 22 and has a second seal valve 23 that opens and closes a path R1 toward the charging port 21a. The first seal valve is based on the second seal valve 23. And a damper 60 that is provided on the opposite side of 22 and reduces the falling speed of the waste G by dropping the waste G again after preventing the falling of the waste G.

  In this case, by shifting the opening timing between the first seal valve 22 and the second seal valve 23, it is possible to more reliably prevent the gas in the furnace from being diffused into the atmosphere. By reducing the falling speed of the waste G by the damper 60, it is possible to suppress the drop impact of the waste G on the first seal valve 22 and to suppress fatigue accumulation in the first seal valve 22. Here, the damper 60 is provided on the opposite side of the first seal valve 22 with respect to the second seal valve 23. For this reason, compared with the case where the damper 60 is provided on the first seal valve 22 side with respect to the second seal valve 23, the second seal valve 23 is moved closer to the first seal valve 22, and the damper 60 is moved away from the first seal valve 22. Can be released. The space between the first seal valve 22 and the second seal valve 23 can be reduced by bringing the second seal valve 23 closer to the first seal valve 22. If the space is made small, the amount of purge gas for making the gas in the space dissipate into the atmosphere before opening the first seal valve 22 can be reduced. In addition, the period for supplying the purge gas to the gas in the space can be shortened. On the other hand, by separating the damper 60 from the first seal valve 22, it is possible to suppress the drop impact of the waste G on the damper 60. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the prevention of leakage of gas in the furnace and the improvement of the durability of the waste charging device 4.

  The waste charging device 4 may further include a bag breaking device 70 that performs a bag breaking process on the waste G that is prevented from dropping by the damper 60. In this case, by performing the bag breaking process, it is possible to promote the deformation of the waste G when falling onto the valve body 24, and to reduce the drop impact by the deformation. Therefore, fatigue accumulation in the first seal valve 22 can be further suppressed.

  When the load acting on the damper 60 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the waste charging device 4 performs a bag breaking process on the waste G, and the load acting on the damper 60 does not exceed the threshold value. May further include a controller 120 that controls the bag breaking device 70 so that the waste G is not subjected to the bag breaking process.

  When the load acting on the damper 60 is small, the load acting on the first seal valve 22 is also small. Therefore, even if the bag breaking process is omitted, the influence on the fatigue state of the first seal valve 22 is small. On the other hand, if the bag breaking process is omitted, the processing efficiency of the waste G increases. Therefore, by switching the presence / absence of the bag breaking process based on whether or not the load acting on the damper 60 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is possible to suppress the reduction in the processing efficiency of the waste G and to accumulate fatigue in the first seal valve 22. It is possible to achieve coexistence with suppression.

  The damper 60 may include a damper main body 61 that opens and closes the path R1 toward the loading port 21a, and a damper lock mechanism 62 that restrains the damper main body 61 in a closed state using a hydraulic actuator 64 as a power source. The controller 120 may be configured to detect a load acting on the damper 60 based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator 64 of the damper lock mechanism 62. In this case, in the configuration in which the presence or absence of the bag breaking process is switched according to the load acting on the damper 60, the complication of the device configuration can be more reliably suppressed.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste processing apparatus, 2 ... Waste processing furnace, 4 ... Waste charging apparatus, 21a ... Charge inlet, 22 ... First seal valve, 23 ... Second seal valve, 24 ... Valve body, 25 ... Valve lock Mechanism: 34 ... Actuator, 60 ... Damper, 61 ... Damper main body, 62 ... Damper lock mechanism, 64 ... Actuator, 70 ... Bag breaking device, 110 ... Monitoring device, 120 ... Controller, 200 ... Display device.

Claims (7)

A valve body that opens and closes a charging port that opens downward in a path for charging waste into the waste melting furnace;
A first lock valve having a valve locking mechanism that restrains the valve body in a closed state using a hydraulic actuator as a power source;
The load applied to the first seal valve when the waste falls on the valve body is derived based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator, and the size of the load and the waste fall on the valve body. And a monitoring device for deriving an index relating to a fatigue state of the first seal valve based on the number of times. A second seal valve that is disposed above the first seal valve and opens and closes a path toward the loading port;
A damper that is provided on the opposite side of the first seal valve with respect to the second seal valve, and that reduces the fall speed of the waste by dropping again after preventing the fall of the waste. The waste charging apparatus according to claim 1.   The waste charging device according to claim 2, further comprising a bag-breaking device that performs bag-breaking processing on the waste that has been prevented from dropping by the damper.   When the load acting on the damper exceeds a predetermined threshold, the bag breaking process is performed on the waste, and when the load acting on the damper does not exceed the threshold, the waste is The waste charging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that controls the bag breaking apparatus so as not to perform the bag breaking process. The damper is
A damper body that opens and closes a path toward the loading port;
A damper lock mechanism that restrains the damper main body in a closed state using a hydraulic actuator as a power source;
The waste charging device according to claim 4, wherein the controller is configured to detect a load acting on the damper based on a hydraulic pressure of the actuator of the damper lock mechanism.   The waste charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a display device that displays the index derived by the monitoring device. A waste treatment furnace;
A waste charging device for charging the waste into the waste treatment furnace,
The waste charging device is:
A valve body that opens downward and opens and closes a loading port for sending waste into the waste treatment furnace from below;
A first lock valve having a valve locking mechanism that restrains the valve body in a closed state using a hydraulic actuator as a power source;
The load applied to the first seal valve when the waste falls on the valve body is derived based on the hydraulic pressure of the actuator, and the size of the load and the waste fall on the valve body. And a monitoring device that derives an index related to a fatigue state of the first seal valve based on the number of times.

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