JP6586451B2 - 合金材料、ボンド磁石および希土類永久磁石粉末の変性方法 - Google Patents
合金材料、ボンド磁石および希土類永久磁石粉末の変性方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ネオジムプラセオジム系Nd7.6Pr2.5Fe84.1B5.8永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)原料を設計成分に基づき配合し、真空誘導溶解により低融点合金Nd66Cu28Ga6の母合金を製造し、得られた母合金を用いて高速単ロール回転焼入れ方法により、25m/sの急冷速度で拡散合金焼入れリボンを製造し、Arガス保護雰囲気において機械研磨方法で粉末となるように粉砕し、粉末粒度が160〜40μmである合金粉末Nd66Cu28Ga6を得る。
2)粒度400〜50μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は10.1%であり、磁性主相はRE’2Fe14B構造を有する)と合金粉末Nd66Cu28Ga6とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における合金粉末の質量分率が3%である。
3)混合物に対して5×10−3Paの真空条件で2段階の拡散熱処理を行い、熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例1の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
Ceを含有するプラセオジムネオジム系Nd3.2Pr7.6Ce1.2Fe81.8B6.2永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)真空誘導溶解により低融点合金Ce85Al9Mg3Sn3の母合金を製造し、Arガス保護雰囲気においてストリップキャストSC技術により、8m/sで拡散合金薄片を製造し、そしてArガス保護雰囲気において気流研磨方法で粉末となるように機械的に粉砕し、粉末粒度が120〜50μmである合金粉末Ce85Al9Mg3Sn3を得る。
2)粒度400〜80μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は12.0%であり、磁性主相はRE’2Fe14B構造を有する)と合金粉末Ce85Al9Mg3Sn3とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における拡散合金粉末の質量分率が4%である。
3)混合物に対して2×10−3Paの真空条件で拡散熱処理を行い、熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で775℃まで急速に昇温させ、30min保温し、その後、約20℃/minで580℃まで急冷させ、引き続き580℃にて6h保温し拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例2の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
Ce、Laを含有するネオジム系Nd7.2La1.5Ce0.3Fe84Nb1.2B5.8永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)誘導溶解により低融点合金La70Cu29Sn1を製造し、単ロール高速回転焼入れ方法により、20m/sの急冷速度で拡散合金焼入れリボンを製造し、Arガス保護雰囲気において機械研磨方法で粉末となるように粉砕し、粉末粒度が160〜60μmである合金粉末La70Cu29Sn1を得る。
2)粒度300〜70μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は9.0%であり、磁性主相はRE’2Fe14B構造を有する)と合金粉末La70Cu29Sn1とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における拡散合金粉末の質量分率が2%である。
3)混合物に対して1×10−3Paの真空条件で拡散熱処理を行い、熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で675℃まで急速に昇温させ、30min保温し、その後、約20℃/minで500℃まで急冷させ、引き続き500℃にて12h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例3の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
ネオジム系Nd11.3Fe80.8Co2.0B5.9希土類永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)誘導溶解により低融点合金Nd78Al12Cu2In8を製造し、高速回転焼入れ方法により、30m/sの急冷速度で拡散合金焼入れリボンを製造し、そしてArガス保護雰囲気において機械研磨方法で粉末となるように粉砕し、粉末粒度が100〜40μmである合金粉末Nd78Al12Cu2In8を得る。
2)粒度200〜80μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は11.3%である)と合金粉末Nd78Al12Cu2In8とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における拡散合金粉末の質量分率が3%である。
3)混合物に対して真空度が5×10−3Pa未満の真空条件で拡散熱処理を行い、熱処理プロセスは、30℃/minで850℃まで急速に昇温させ、10min保温し、その後、約18℃/minで560℃まで急冷させ、引き続き560℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例4の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
プラセオジム系Pr9.3Fe85.2Nb0.2B5.3永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)誘導溶解により低融点合金Pr66Zn19Ga15の母合金インゴットを製造し、合金インゴットをArガス保護雰囲気において均一化処理した後、水素粉砕方法で拡散合金粉末を製造し、粉末粒度が120〜50μmである合金粉末Pr66Zn19Ga15を得る。
2)粒度300〜100μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は9.3%であり、磁性主相はRE’2Fe14B構造を有する)と合金粉末Pr66Zn19Ga15とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における拡散合金粉末の質量分率が5%である。
3)混合物を高純度のArガス保護雰囲気において拡散熱処理し、熱処理プロセスは、35℃/minで900℃まで急速に昇温させ、5min保温し、その後、約30℃/minで600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて2h保温し、熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例5の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
ネオジムプラセオジム系Pr8.2Nd2.5Fe81.9Co1.5B5.9永久磁石粉末を、下記ステップによって処理する。
1)誘導溶解により低融点合金Pr62Cu28Al7Ga3を製造し、ストリップキャスト技術により、10m/sで拡散合金薄片を製造し、Arガス保護雰囲気において気流研磨方法で粉末となるように機械的に粉砕し、粉末粒度が120〜50μmである合金粉末Pr62Cu28Al7Ga3を得る。
2)粒度300〜50μmの希土類永久磁石粉末(希土類REの総原子比は10.7%であり、磁性主相はRE’2Fe14B構造を有する)と合金粉末Pr62Cu28Al7Ga3とを機械的に均一に混合して混合物を形成し、混合物における合金粉末の質量分率が3%である。
3)混合物に対して5×10−3Paの真空条件で2段階の拡散熱処理を行い、熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、15min保温し、その後、約30℃/minの降温速度で520℃まで急冷させ、引き続き520℃にて8h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却し、実施例6の変性希土類永久磁石粉末を得る。
希土類永久磁石粉末Nd7.6Pr2.5Fe84.1B5.8の粒度が300〜500μmである点で、実施例1と相違する。
合金粉末Nd66Cu28Ga6の粒度が100〜200μmである点で、実施例1と相違する。
2段階の拡散熱処理を0.02Paの真空条件で行う点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、12℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で650℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、35min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約12℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で650℃まで急冷させ、引き続き650℃にて5h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
熱処理プロセスは、25℃/minの昇温速度で725℃まで急速に昇温させ、25min保温し、その後、約20℃/minの降温速度で600℃まで急冷させ、引き続き600℃にて15h保温し、拡散熱処理が終了した後、サンプルを空気で室温まで冷却する点で、実施例1と相違する。
混合物における合金粉末の質量分率が12%である点で、実施例1と相違する。
Claims (11)
- 希土類永久磁石粉末の変性方法であって、
合金材料と希土類永久磁石粉末とを混合して混合粉末を得、前記混合粉末における前記合金材料の質量の割合が1〜10%であり、前記合金材料の融点が600℃よりも低く、前記合金材料の組成が原子分率でRE 100−x−y M x N y であり、ただし、REは、非重希土類Nd、Pr、Sm、La、Ceのうちの1種又は複数種であり、Mは、Cu、Al、Zn、Mgのうちの1種又は複数種であり、Nは、Ga、In、Snのうちの1種又は複数種であり、x=10〜35で、y=1〜15であり、かつ前記合金材料が合金粉末であるステップS1と、
第1の不活性雰囲気又は真空状態において、前記混合粉末の熱処理を行って、変性された希土類永久磁石粉末を得るステップS2と、
を含み、
前記ステップS2は、
第1の不活性雰囲気又は真空状態において、前記混合粉末を675℃〜900℃で5min〜30min処理し、前処理粉末を得るステップS21と、
前記前処理粉末を500℃〜600℃で2h〜12h処理し、前記変性された希土類永久磁石粉末を得るステップS22と、を含む、ことを特徴とする変性方法。 - 前記混合粉末における前記合金材料の質量の割合が2〜5%である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記合金材料は、粒度が160μm〜40μmの合金粉末である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記希土類永久磁石粉末の粒度が400μm〜50μmである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記真空状態の真空度は10−2Pa〜10−4Paである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記不活性雰囲気はアルゴン雰囲気である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記ステップS21に先立って、前記ステップS2は、15℃/min以上の昇温速度で675℃〜900℃まで昇温させることをさらに含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記ステップS21の後かつステップS22の前に、前記ステップS2は、15℃/min以上の降温速度で500℃〜600℃まで降温させることをさらに含む、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記ステップS1における希土類永久磁石粉末の磁性主相は、RE’2Fe14B構造を有し、ただし、RE’はNd及び/又はPrであり、Nd又はPrの一部はDy、Tb、La、Ceで置き換えられることができ、前記希土類永久磁石粉末における希土類の総原子比は、9〜12.0%である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。
- 前記合金材料の製造方法をさらに含み、前記製造方法は、
各原料を前記合金材料の組成に従ってはかり取り、誘導溶解又はアーク溶解により前記各原料から母合金を製造することと、
ストリップキャスト法又は高速回転焼入れ法により前記母合金から合金薄片を製造することと、
第2の不活性雰囲気において機械的粉砕又は水素粉砕により、前記合金薄片を粒度が160μm〜40μmの合金粉末となるように粉砕することと、を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の変性方法。 - 前記第2の不活性雰囲気はアルゴン雰囲気である、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の変性方法。
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