JP6601866B2 - Crankless engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crankless engine that does not have a crank mechanism, and more particularly to a crankless engine that can promote downsizing, weight reduction, high rotation, and the like of the entire engine.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the present inventor has proposed an engine having a new combustion principle for significantly improving the thermal efficiency compared to the prior art. However, in order to improve the thermal efficiency, reduce the weight, and increase the rotation speed, it is necessary to study the structure of the engine. The engine having the new combustion principle includes a crank mechanism such as a crank or a connecting rod. It is conceivable to use a crankless engine in which is omitted. As this crankless engine, an electromagnetic free piston engine that electromagnetically drives a piston is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). Patent Document 3 proposes a mechanical crankless engine. This mechanical crankless engine operates in a direction to separate each piston by burning and exploding fuel in a working space between two pistons arranged opposite to each other, and the piston power is engaged with each piston. The rotating drum is configured to rotate.

International Publication No. 2011/155248 Pamphlet JP-A-2005-318708 Special table 2013-50597 gazette

  Although the structure of the electromagnetic free piston engine of Patent Document 2 enables various operation control of the piston, an electromagnet (permanent magnet) is used for the operation, and the mixture is burned and exploded in the combustion space. When used together with the engine to be used, from the viewpoint of heat resistance of the electromagnet, it cannot be installed in the vicinity of the combustion space, such as being incorporated in a piston, leading to an increase in the size of the entire engine. In the mechanical crankless engine of Patent Document 3, a rotating drum is attached to the side of the piston, and the extending direction of the rotating shaft of the rotating drum is different from the translation direction of the piston. This structure is a factor that hinders downsizing and weight reduction of the entire engine.

  The present invention has been devised to solve such a problem, and its purpose is to enable free piston movement similar to an electromagnetic free piston in a state where the crank mechanism is omitted, and An object of the present invention is to provide a crankless engine that can promote downsizing and weight reduction of the entire engine.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly includes a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member disposed so as to surround the outside of the piston, A combustion space that is formed between the piston in the internal space of the enclosing member and that burns and explodes the mixture of outside air and fuel, and the piston moves in translation by the combustion explosion of the mixture in the combustion space. Thus, in the crankless engine that converts the translational motion into a rotational motion, either the outer surface of the piston or the inner surface of the surrounding member is displaced on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. An annular groove part that goes round the top is provided, and an engagement member that engages with the groove part is provided on one of the other sides, and the groove part during translational movement of the piston Engagement Kigakarigo member, said enclosing member and said piston adopts a relative rotational movably provided, that the structure around the central axis.

  In the present specification and claims, the “certain region” refers to the center point of the combustion space or the vicinity of the central axis away from the outside of the combustion space, that is, away from the inner surface of the enclosing member in which the intake holes are formed. Means a certain area. The fixed region is a region where the jet flow from each directional intake port collides without changing even if the moving speed or air-fuel ratio of the piston is changed, and is slightly within the predetermined range as the piston moves. This is a region where movement of The fixed region is geometrically a minute point or a minute point that does not come into contact with each surface of the piston or the surrounding member when a jet is supplied from the intake port into the combustion space and the collision jet compression starts to be generated. Exists on the line segment.

  According to the present invention, free piston movement similar to that of an electromagnetic free piston can be achieved, the entire engine can be reduced in size and weight, and friction loss due to the omission of the crank mechanism can be reduced. It becomes possible to improve thermal efficiency in various use areas. In particular, when the surrounding member functions as a rotary valve for intake and exhaust, it is possible to freely set the opening and closing timing of the intake hole according to the shape of the groove while forming a multiple collision pulse jet due to negative pressure in the combustion space. It is possible to increase the engine speed and improve the thermal efficiency.

1 is a schematic sectional view conceptually showing the structure of a crankless engine according to a first embodiment. The conceptual schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating in order the displacement state of the piston in the crankless engine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which represented notionally the structure of the crankless engine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which expressed notionally the structure of the crankless engine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which expressed notionally the structure of the crankless engine which concerns on 4th Embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing which represented notionally the structure of the crankless engine which concerns on a modification. The schematic sectional drawing which represented notionally the structure of the crankless engine which concerns on another modification.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view conceptually showing the structure of the crankless engine according to the first embodiment. In this figure, a crankless engine 10 is arranged in a bottomed cylindrical support body 11 and an inner space of the support body 11, and is supported so as to be rotatable around a central axis C extending in the vertical direction in the figure. A bottomed cylindrical intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 (enclosing member) supported by the body 11 and an extending direction of the central axis C (up and down direction in the figure) in the internal space of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 And a piston 14 that is partly engaged with the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12.

  In the crankless engine 10 of the present embodiment, as will be described later, an intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 arranged so as to surround the outside by translational movement of the piston 14 by combustion explosion of a mixture of outside air and fuel is the center. Rotating about the axis C, the power, that is, work is taken out by the rotation through a power extraction mechanism (not shown) connected to the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. The power extraction mechanism is not particularly limited, and various known mechanisms can be applied.

  The support 11 includes a peripheral wall 11A that constitutes a side surface portion in FIG. 1 and a top wall 11B that is continuous so as to close the inner space on the upper end side of the peripheral wall 11A in FIG. An intake port 16 for introducing outside air into the internal space of the support 11 is formed in the peripheral wall 11A. The intake port 16 is not particularly limited, but is formed at a plurality of locations that are equally spaced in the circumferential direction, and each is provided in the shape of a hole that penetrates the inside and outside of the peripheral wall 11A. The top wall 11B is formed with an exhaust port 17 for exhausting the exhaust gas generated by the combustion explosion to the outside of the engine. The exhaust port 17 is provided in a hole shape penetrating between the inside and outside of the top wall 11B, and is not particularly limited, but is formed at one or a plurality of locations.

  The intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 includes a peripheral wall 12A constituting a side surface portion in FIG. 1, a top wall 12B connected so as to close the inner space on the upper end side of the peripheral wall 12A, and a piston protruding from the peripheral wall 12A. 14 and a pin-shaped engagement member 19 that engages with the outer peripheral surface of the apparatus. Here, a space surrounded by the peripheral wall 12A and the top wall 12B and the upper end side of the piston 14 in the figure is a combustion space S in which a mixture of outside air and fuel burns and explodes. Therefore, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 also functions as a cylinder that accommodates the piston 14 in a movable manner. Although not shown, the clearance between the support 11 and the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is not obstructed by the rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the airtightness of the combustion space S is not shown. A sealing material or the like for ensuring the above is appropriately disposed.

  The peripheral wall 12A is formed with an intake hole 21 that passes through the inside and outside of the peripheral wall 12A and guides the outside air from the intake port 16 to the combustion space S. The intake hole 21 is disposed so as to be capable of relative to the intake port 16 of the support 11 at a predetermined rotational position of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. That is, at the predetermined rotational position, the intake hole 21 communicates with the intake port 16 to enter an intake air release state that allows outside air to be introduced into the combustion space S. On the other hand, at other rotational positions, The intake hole 21 does not communicate with the intake port 16, and the intake air blocking state in which the introduction of the outside air into the combustion space S is blocked. The intake holes 21 are provided so that a jet can be formed by ejecting outside air from a position that is substantially equidistant in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 toward the collision center in the center of the combustion space S. It has been. In the collision part, after the jets of the outside air ejected from the intake holes 21 collide with each other, the mixture of the outside air mixed with fuel in the combustion space S is compressed. The position and the number of the intake holes 21 are adjusted so that the above-described compression can be performed by ejecting outside air radially toward the collision portion, and is not particularly limited. ˜24 locations. Even when the intake hole 21 communicates with the intake port 16, the piston 14 is provided so as to be movable to a position opposite to the intake hole 21, and when the piston 14 reaches the position, the piston 14 It is also possible to adopt a mode in which the introduction of outside air to the combustion space S is prevented by closing 21.

  Although not shown in the figure, the combustion space S is provided with injection means for injecting fuel, and the mixture of the fuel from the injection means and the outside air introduced from the intake holes 21 is introduced into the combustion space S. It is designed to generate. Here, the injection means is provided upstream or in the middle of the intake port 16 or the intake hole 21, the air-fuel mixture is supplied from the intake hole 21 to the combustion space S, and the air-fuel mixture is compressed at the collision portion. Also good.

  The top wall 12B has an exhaust hole 22 through which the exhaust gas that passes through the top wall 12B and is generated after combustion in the combustion space S is discharged to the outside of the combustion space S. The exhaust hole 22 is disposed so as to be capable of relative to the exhaust port 17 of the support 11 at a predetermined rotational position of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. That is, at this rotational position, the exhaust hole 22 is in an exhaust open state that communicates with the exhaust port 17, while at other rotational positions, the exhaust hole 22 is in an exhaust blockage state that does not communicate with the exhaust port 17. Further, the positions and the number of the exhaust holes 22 are set so that the timing between the intake open state and the exhaust open state is appropriate and combustion explosion in the combustion space S described later is possible. Although not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the exhaust holes 22 are provided at two locations that are approximately 180 degrees apart.

  The piston 14 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter that is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12, and is a position that minimizes the volume of the combustion space S by combustion explosion in the combustion space S. And a position at which the volume is maximized. Although not shown, the piston 14 further includes a mechanism for preventing rotation (spinning) around the central axis C, and only the reciprocating motion along the axis of the central axis C is allowed. It has become.

  Further, an annular groove portion 24 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 14 so as to make one round on the outer peripheral surface while being displaced in the vertical direction in FIG. When the engagement member 19 of the rotary valve 12 is engaged, the piston 14 is supported on the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 side.

  The groove 24 is formed in a predetermined curved shape that opens on the surface of the piston 14, that is, on the outer peripheral surface, and bends up and down in the drawing along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. Therefore, due to the movement of the piston 14 due to the combustion explosion in the combustion space S, the engagement position between the engagement member 19 of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the groove 24 is shifted along the groove 24, and accordingly, The exhaust rotary valve 12 rotates in the circumferential direction of the piston 14. As the shape of the groove portion 24, various shapes can be employed in accordance with a desired rotational operation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12, in addition to a curved shape such as a mountain shape, a wave shape, and a sine curve shape. In short, the groove 24 may have any shape as long as it makes one round on the outer circumferential surface of the piston 14 while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis C (vertical direction in the drawing) along the circumferential direction. That is, the groove 24 enables the reciprocating translational movement of the piston 14 with the rotational movement of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 by one or a plurality of combustion explosions in the combustion space S, and the intake / exhaust rotary valve. Any shape can be used as long as the intake / exhaust timing by rotation of 12 can be appropriately set.

  Next, operation | movement of the crankless engine 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. In addition, each figure of FIG. 2 is a conceptual schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating in order the displacement state of piston 14 accompanying rotation of the rotary valve 12 for intake / exhaust, and in each figure, in order to make it easy to understand, In order for the engaging member 19 to always appear in the figure, the cut surface of the crankless engine 10 is changed and displayed with rotation.

  The piston 14 translates in the vertical direction in each figure in FIG. 2 due to combustion explosion in the combustion space S, and the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 rotates around the central axis C accordingly. That is, since the groove portion 24 of the piston 14 is engaged with the engaging member 19 of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is provided to be rotatable around the central axis C, the piston 14 As a result of this translational movement, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 rotates so as to move the engagement position between the engagement member 19 and the groove 24 in the circumferential direction.

  Therefore, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, in the internal space of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12, while the piston 14 moves slightly downward from the uppermost position in FIG. 21 and the exhaust hole 22 are set to be closed with respect to the combustion space S, and a negative pressure is formed in the combustion space S by the movement of the piston 14. Thereafter, as the piston 14 moves, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 rotates and, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), when the intake hole 21 is opened with respect to the combustion space S, the outside air (or mixture) is generated. An intake stroke supplied to the combustion space S as a high-speed jet is performed. In this intake stroke, rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 due to translational movement of the piston 14 causes an intake open state where the intake hole 21 communicates with the intake port 16, and intake blockage where the intake hole 21 does not communicate with the intake port 16. It changes repeatedly between states. For this reason, the opening / closing operation of the intake holes 21 is repeatedly performed, the outside air is intermittently introduced into the combustion spaces S from the respective intake holes 21, and multiple gas collisions are intermittently generated in the collision portion, and the combustion spaces S In this case, multiple collision pulse jets are generated. Here, by using the negative pressure formed in the combustion space S, it becomes easy to introduce the outside air from the intake hole 21 to the combustion space S. In addition to the above, the opening / closing pattern of the intake hole 21 due to the movement of the piston 14 and the rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is not limited to the above, and the intake stroke without a collision jet flow due to negative pressure is completely different from that of the normal 4-stroke engine. It is also possible to repeat the piston compression stroke, the combustion stroke, the expansion stroke, and the exhaust stroke in the sealed state.

  Thereafter, a combustion stroke is performed in which the outside air (or air-fuel mixture) is collided and compressed at the collision center in the center of the combustion space S, and the air-fuel mixture in the combustion space S burns and explodes. . The method for burning and exploding the air-fuel mixture is not particularly limited. In addition to the spark ignition using a plug or the like, the ignition means (not shown) exemplified by laser ignition or the like, the ignition means. It is also possible to adopt a self-ignition method that can burn and explode at the time of compression depending on the characteristics of the fuel, without using. Further, during this combustion stroke, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is again arranged at a rotational position where both the intake hole 21 and the exhaust hole 22 are closed (intake closed state and exhaust closed state). It is also possible to take.

  As described above, after the work is taken out by moving the piston 14 downward in FIG. 2B, the rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 accompanying the movement causes the piston 14 to move as shown in FIG. In addition, an exhaust stroke is performed in which exhaust gas generated in the combustion space S due to combustion explosion of the air-fuel mixture is discharged to the outside of the engine. That is, here, the exhaust hole 22 enters the exhaust open state leading to the exhaust port 17, while the intake hole 21 enters the intake closed state not communicating with the intake port 16. Passes through the exhaust hole 22 and the exhaust port 17 and is discharged outside the engine. When the translational movement of the piston 14 continues further, the above operation is repeated with the rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12, and from the rotation operation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 by this series of operations, the work ( Power) is taken out.

  Here, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is set to rotate only in a certain direction from the start of the engine. That is, the engagement position between the engagement member 19 and the groove 24 at the start of the rotation is set to a position where rotation in only one direction is allowed according to the shape of the groove 24. The intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 may be provided with a mechanism that allows rotation in only one desired direction and prevents reverse rotation thereof.

  When starting the engine, it is preferable to forcibly translate the piston 14 with power from a drive device such as a motor (not shown) and then repeat the above operation.

  Therefore, according to the first embodiment, the piston 14 is disposed in the internal space of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 that rotates relative to the piston 14, and the translational movement direction of the piston 14 and the intake / exhaust rotary valve are arranged. Since the extending directions of the twelve rotating shafts coincide with each other, even among crankless engines in which the crank mechanism is omitted, the entire engine can be further reduced in size and weight.

  In addition, the intake and exhaust rotary valves 12 have various intake and exhaust timings for the combustion space S controlled by an electromagnetic piston, depending on the shape, quantity, and arrangement of the intake holes 21 and exhaust holes 22 and the shape of the groove 24. It can be created freely by mechanical design. In addition, since it is not necessary to use a permanent magnet unlike an electromagnetic piston, there is no need to arrange the permanent magnet in the vicinity of the piston 14 for compactness, and the reliability of the engine can be ensured. The intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 is not limited to a sinusoidal motion, and can implement various non-sinusoidal motions, and the rotation process of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 depends on the shape of the groove 24. Thus, the rotation speed can be changed.

  Furthermore, by causing a combustion explosion by a multi-impact pulse jet, the power obtained as work can be greatly increased in thermal efficiency as compared with existing engines in a wide range from low rotation to high rotation.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same or equivalent components as in the first embodiment, the description will be omitted or simplified, and differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 3, the crankless engine 10 of the present embodiment is provided with two types of the groove portions 24 having different shapes in the upper and lower portions of the piston 14 in the same figure as the configuration of the first embodiment. In addition, the engaging members 19 and 19 that can be engaged with the respective groove portions 24 and 24 are provided at two locations on the upper and lower sides of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. In addition, about another structure and effect | action, it is substantially the same as 1st Embodiment.

  When the engaging members 19 and 19 are engaged with the corresponding groove portions 24 on either one of the upper and lower sides, the engaging members 19 and 19 respectively face the piston 14 so as to release the engaged state between the other side and the groove portion 24. It is a structure that can be moved forward and backward.

  According to the present embodiment, the engagement member 19 can be selectively engaged with the groove portion 24 having a different shape, and the piston 14 and the intake / exhaust are selected according to the selection of the groove portion 24 with which the engagement member 19 engages. The mode of relative motion with the rotary valve 12 can be changed. This makes it possible to easily select combustion states in different modes by mechanical design, such as combustion explosion caused by multiple impinging pulse jets and combustion explosion caused by mechanical compression due to translational movement of the piston 14 can be selected and used together. become.

  In addition, the combination of the engaging member 19 and the groove portion 24 can be provided not only at the two illustrated positions but also at more positions along the translation direction on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 14.

(Third embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 4, the crankless engine 10 of the present embodiment further includes an exhaust rotary valve 28 between the support 11 and the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 with respect to the configuration of the first embodiment. It has features. In addition, about another structure and effect | action, it is substantially the same as 1st Embodiment.

  The exhaust rotary valve 28 has a disc shape, and is supported on the support 11 side so as to be rotatable around the central axis C relative to the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. By driving the apparatus, it can be rotated in either forward or reverse directions at a predetermined timing. The exhaust rotary valve 28 is formed with a through hole 29 penetrating in the vertical direction in FIG. 4, and the exhaust port 17 and the exhaust hole 22 are connected through the through hole 29 by the rotational operation of the exhaust rotary valve 28. Can be switched between an open position that allows passage of exhaust gas and a closed position that prevents passage of the exhaust gas. The exhaust rotary valve 28 is not limited to the aspect of the present embodiment. For example, the exhaust rotary valve 28 is formed in a concave shape with a depressed center that has the same shape as the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the intake hole. It is also possible to provide a configuration in which an intake hole disposed so as to be capable of relative to 21 is further provided and the introduction state of the outside air into the combustion space S can be controlled using the opening and closing of the intake hole. In this case, the introduction speed of outside air into the combustion space S can be increased. Further, the exhaust rotary valve 28 can be provided outside the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12.

  According to the present embodiment, the exhaust gas discharge timing from the combustion space S to the outside of the engine can be controlled separately from the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 by the rotation of the exhaust rotary valve 28. The degree of freedom can be increased. Thereby, for example, in a state where a part of the exhaust gas remains in the combustion space S, combustion in the EGR mode by exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in which combustion is performed in the next intake stroke can be performed. Further, the communication state of the exhaust hole 22 with respect to the exhaust port 17 is shut off early and the combustion space S is made a higher compression space, so that the mechanical compression of only the translational operation of the piston can be performed, and the exhaust rotary valve By changing the rotation state of 28, it is possible to switch between the mode for performing the mechanical compression and the mode for performing the compression by the multiple collision pulse jet.

(Fourth embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 5, the crankless engine 30 according to the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape in which an intake hole 21 and an exhaust hole 22 are formed instead of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 as compared with the first embodiment. It is characterized by a double piston structure in which a rotary cylinder 31 (enclosure member) is used and a pair of pistons 14 and 14 are disposed opposite to each other in the internal space of the rotary cylinder 31. In the present embodiment, the combustion space S is formed between the pistons 14 and 14 in the internal space of the rotary cylinder 31, and the multiple collision pulse jet flows in the combustion space S as in the above embodiments. Is generated, and the mixture is compressed and burned and exploded.

  The rotary cylinder 31 of the present embodiment is supported on the support 11 side so as to be rotatable about the central axis C, similarly to the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 of each of the embodiments described above. In addition, the peripheral wall 31A of the rotary cylinder 31 is formed with an intake hole 21 and an exhaust hole 22 that exhibit the same effects as described above. Is done. In the present embodiment, an intake hole 21 is arranged on the upper side in the figure, and an exhaust hole 22 is arranged on the lower side in the figure. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, both the intake port 16 and the exhaust port 17 of the support 11 are also provided on the peripheral wall 11 </ b> A and arranged corresponding to the intake holes 21 and the exhaust holes 22. A plurality of rotary cylinders 31 may be provided, and the rotary cylinder 31 in which the intake holes 21 are formed and the rotary cylinder 31 in which the exhaust holes 22 are formed may be separated.

  The pair of pistons 14 and 14 here can operate asymmetrically so as to be spaced apart and approach each other in the vertical direction in FIG. Further, the upper piston 14 in the figure is an intake adjustment valve that adjusts the state of introduction of outside air from the intake holes 21 to the combustion space S by vertical movement in the figure due to combustion explosion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion space S. Also works. On the other hand, the lower piston 14 in the figure also functions as an exhaust adjustment valve that adjusts the exhaust state of exhaust gas from the combustion space S to the exhaust hole 22 by the vertical movement. Therefore, in this embodiment, these shapes and arrangements are set so that the intake port 16 and the exhaust port 17 of the support 11 are always in communication with the intake hole 21 and the exhaust hole 22.

  The groove portions 24 formed on the surfaces of the pistons 14 and 14 are different in shape from each other, and the engagement is provided at two locations on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 31 in FIG. The pistons 14 and 14 are supported by the rotary cylinder 31 by the members 19 and 19 engaging with the grooves 24 and 24, respectively. By changing the shape of the groove portions 24, 24 formed in the pistons 14, the introduction timing of the outside air from the intake hole 21 to the combustion space S and the discharge timing of the exhaust gas from the combustion space S to the exhaust hole 22 are changed. Can be changed. Therefore, the shape of each groove part 24 and 24 is not limited to the shape shown in figure, It sets so that the introduction timing of these external air and the discharge timing of exhaust gas may be repeatedly performed at a desired timing.

  In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the rotary cylinder 31 and / or the piston 14 can be rotated around the central axis C can be employed. That is, the rotary cylinder 31 is fixed so as not to translate in the vertical direction in FIG. 5, and the rotary cylinder 31 can be rotated and the piston 14 can be translated as in the above-described embodiments. Various configurations such as making the rotary cylinder 31 rotatable and enabling translational movement while rotating the piston 14, or making the rotary cylinder 31 non-rotatable and enabling translational movement while rotating the piston 14, etc. Can be taken. In these various configurations, power (work) is extracted from any rotating element via the power extraction mechanism (not shown). When the piston 14 and the rotary cylinder 31 rotate together, the rotation speed ratio between the piston 14 and the rotary cylinder 31 is set by a gear for connecting them or by electrical control.

  In addition, the engaging member 19 and the groove part 24 in this embodiment are arrange | positioned in each piston 14 and 14 in more than one place like the said 2nd Embodiment, and each piston 14 and 14 engages each one place, respectively. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the member 19 and the groove portion 24 are selectively engaged. Further, among the internal space of the rotary cylinder 31, the intake port 16 and the intake hole 21 are also formed in the upper space formed above the piston 24 on the upper side in FIG. In the upper space, outside air or air-fuel mixture can be introduced at an appropriate timing so that combustion explosion can be achieved.

  The following modifications can be applied to each of the above embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 6 applied to the first embodiment as an example, in this modification, the engaging member moves to move the engaging member 19 along the extending direction of the central axis C (vertical direction in the figure). A mechanism 35 is provided. The engagement member moving mechanism 35 is controlled in operation by a control device (not shown) based on measurement results of various sensors (not shown) such as the position of the piston 14 and the pressure state of the combustion space S. According to this modification, the rotary movement of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the rotary cylinder 31 (hereinafter referred to as “intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 etc.”) is caused by the vertical movement of the engagement member 19 in FIG. Can be controlled more finely, and the intake / exhaust timing can be controlled more finely according to the desired engine output. In addition, as the engaging member moving mechanism 35, an end portion (on the opposite side of the engaging member 19) in the shaft portion in the figure is fixed to an eccentric rotating disk, and the rotating disk is connected to the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12. Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a structure in which the engagement member 19 is moved up and down by mechanically interlocking with the piston 14 and rotating.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7 applied to the aspect of the first embodiment as an example, fins 38 are provided on the outer peripheral surface side of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like, and the fins 38 are connected to the support 11 and the intake / exhaust ports. The structure arrange | positioned in the clearance gap formed between rotary valves 12 grade | etc., Can also be taken. The fins 38 cool the piston 14 side from the outside of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like by agitating the air in the gap by the rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like. The fins 38 are provided so as to project radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 or the like. The fin 38 may have a spiral shape that spirals the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust rotary valve 12 or the like. In this case, a part of the outside air from the intake port 16 is introduced into the gap, and While cooling the surroundings of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like with outside air, it can be led to a discharge unit (not shown) in the lower part of the figure, and the cooling effect by the fin 38 can be further enhanced. On the other hand, in the aspect of the fins 28 provided radially on the outer peripheral surface of the exhaust rotary valve 12 or the like, the airtightness of the gap can be ensured. The fins 28 can also be provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the support 11.

  Further, although not shown in the drawings, the engaging member 19 is provided at a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 or the like, and one set of the engaging member 19 is provided as one groove portion 24. It is also possible to engage different parts above. The arrangement of the engaging member 19 and the shape of the groove 24 at this time are determined so that the above-described relative movement between the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the piston 14 is possible. For example, when the engaging members 19 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the groove portions 24 having the same shape are formed on the piston 14 at every angle forming the interval between the engaging members 19 in the plan view of the piston 14. Repeatedly formed in the circumferential direction, the translational movement of the piston 14 is performed a plurality of times by the number of the engaging members 19 per rotation of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like. According to this modification, since the piston 14 is supported at a plurality of locations on the inner peripheral surface of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 and the like, the stability of movement of the piston 14 in the vertical direction in the figure is improved. Can contribute to the prevention of vibration.

  In each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, the engagement member 19 is not limited to a pin shape, and various shapes can be employed as long as the above-described effects are exhibited. Further, it is preferable to provide a movement promoting means such as a bearing for reducing the frictional force associated with the relative movement of the engagement portion 19 on the distal end side of the engagement member 19 which is an engagement portion with the groove portion 24.

  Contrary to each aspect described above, the engaging member 19 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 14 and the groove 24 may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 or the like.

  Further, in the above description, the mode in which the air-fuel mixture is compressed and exploded by the multi-impact pulse jet has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the combustion space S is obtained by mechanical compression of the combustion space only by the translational operation of the piston 14. It is also possible to apply the structures of the above-described embodiments and modifications to the mode in which the combustion explosion occurs. In this case, the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 functions only as a cylinder having the intake hole 21 and the exhaust hole 22, and a valve for controlling intake / exhaust to the combustion space S may be separately provided. In this case, not only the structure for rotating the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 as described above, but also any one of the structures for fixing the intake / exhaust rotary valve 12 to be non-rotatable and causing the piston 14 to translate while rotating is adopted. In any configuration, power is extracted from the rotating element.

  The structure of the present invention can also be applied to a free piston engine that generates cold fusion in the combustion space S. In this case, only hydrogen is supplied to the combustion space S as outside air without introducing air. Is done.

  In addition, the configuration of each part of the apparatus in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated configuration example, and various modifications are possible as long as substantially the same operation is achieved.

10 Crankless Engine 11 Support 12 Rotary Valve for Intake and Exhaust (Enclosure Member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Piston 16 Intake port 17 Exhaust port 19 Engagement member 21 Intake hole 22 Exhaust hole 24 Groove part 28 Exhaust rotary valve 30 Crankless engine 31 Rotary cylinder (enclosure member)
38 Fin C Center axis S Combustion space

Claims (11)

Formed between a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member arranged so as to surround the outside of the piston, and the piston in an internal space of the surrounding member A combustion space that burns and explodes an air-fuel mixture and a support that supports the surrounding member from the outside, and the piston moves in translation by the combustion explosion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion space. In a crankless engine that converts the translational motion into rotational motion,
Either one of the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the surrounding member is provided with an annular groove that makes a round on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. On the other side, an engagement member that engages with the groove is provided, and the piston and the surrounding member are rotated around the central axis by the engagement of the groove and the engagement member during translation of the piston. Is provided for relative rotational movement,
The surrounding member is formed with an intake hole for supplying the outside air or the air-fuel mixture to the combustion space, and exhaust for discharging exhaust gas generated after combustion explosion in the combustion space to the outside of the combustion space. A hole is formed,
The support is provided corresponding to the intake hole and introduces the outside air into the combustion space, and the exhaust is provided corresponding to the exhaust hole and discharges the exhaust gas to the outside of the engine. Port for
The surrounding member rotates around the central axis during translation of the piston, so that the intake hole communicates with the intake port and the intake closed state where the intake hole does not communicate with the intake port. And an exhaust opening state in which the exhaust hole communicates with the exhaust port and an exhaust blockage state in which the exhaust hole does not communicate with the exhaust port. Functions as an exhaust rotary valve,
The intake hole, the exhaust hole, and the groove are formed at a timing at which the exhaust blockage state is established in the intake block state, a timing at which the exhaust block state is established in the intake release state, and an exhaust release state in the intake block state. Is arranged to be able to occur and
Between the support and the surrounding member, an exhaust rotary valve that is rotatable around the central axis by a predetermined power is provided,
The crankless engine , wherein the exhaust rotary valve operates to control an exhaust state of the exhaust gas in the exhaust open state . Before Symbol intake holes are each ejection capable provided in plurality towards a certain area located inside the center of the combustion space,
In the combustion space, the outside air or the air-fuel mixture in a jet state ejected from each intake hole is caused to collide with the fixed region, thereby compressing the outside air or the air-fuel mixture while generating a collision jet. 2. The crankless engine according to claim 1, wherein the engine is a crankless engine.   The surrounding member is configured to repeatedly change between the intake open state and the intake closed state by rotation in an intake stroke in which the outside air or the air-fuel mixture is supplied to the combustion space. The crankless engine according to claim 1 or 2. The exhaust rotary valve, the provided on the outside of the enclosure, a crank-less engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the controllably provided also outside air introduction state into the combustion space. Formed between a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member arranged so as to surround the outside of the piston, and the piston in an internal space of the surrounding member And a combustion space for burning and exploding a mixture of outside air and fuel, and the piston is translated by the combustion explosion of the mixture in the combustion space, thereby converting the translational motion into a rotational motion. In the engine
Either one of the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the surrounding member is provided with an annular groove that makes a round on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. On the other side, an engagement member that engages with the groove is provided, and the piston and the surrounding member are rotated around the central axis by the engagement of the groove and the engagement member during translation of the piston. Is provided for relative rotational movement,
A pair of the pistons are arranged so as to face each other, and along the extending direction of the central axis so as to approach each other by combustion explosion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion space formed between the pistons. Are provided for translational movement,
The surrounding member includes an intake hole for supplying the outside air or the air-fuel mixture to the combustion space, and an exhaust hole for discharging exhaust gas generated after combustion explosion in the combustion space to the outside of the combustion space,
The intake hole is provided so as to be openable and closable with respect to the combustion space by translational movement of one of the pistons,
The crankless engine, wherein the exhaust hole is provided so as to be openable and closable with respect to the combustion space by translational movement of one of the pistons. Formed between a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member arranged so as to surround the outside of the piston, and the piston in an internal space of the surrounding member And a combustion space for burning and exploding a mixture of outside air and fuel, and the piston is translated by the combustion explosion of the mixture in the combustion space, thereby converting the translational motion into a rotational motion. In the engine
Either one of the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the surrounding member is provided with an annular groove that makes a round on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. On the other side, an engagement member that engages with the groove is provided, and the piston and the surrounding member are rotated around the central axis by the engagement of the groove and the engagement member during translation of the piston. Is provided for relative rotational movement,
The groove portions are provided at a plurality of locations on the outer surface of the piston along the extending direction of the central axis, and the engaging member is selectively provided in each groove portion so that any one of the groove portions can be selected. A crankless engine characterized in that it can be engaged and disengaged. Formed between a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member arranged so as to surround the outside of the piston, and the piston in an internal space of the surrounding member And a combustion space for burning and exploding a mixture of outside air and fuel, and the piston is translated by the combustion explosion of the mixture in the combustion space, thereby converting the translational motion into a rotational motion. In the engine
Either one of the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the surrounding member is provided with an annular groove that makes a round on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. On the other side, an engagement member that engages with the groove is provided, and the piston and the surrounding member are rotated around the central axis by the engagement of the groove and the engagement member during translation of the piston. Is provided for relative rotational movement,
The crankless engine, wherein the engaging member is provided so as to be movable along an extending direction of the central axis. Before Kigakarigo member, crank-less engine according to claim 1, characterized in that provided in a plurality of locations along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the outer or the enclosing member of the piston. Formed between a piston provided so as to be able to translate along a direction in which a predetermined central axis extends, a surrounding member arranged so as to surround the outside of the piston, and the piston in an internal space of the surrounding member And a combustion space for burning and exploding a mixture of outside air and fuel, and the piston is translated by the combustion explosion of the mixture in the combustion space, thereby converting the translational motion into a rotational motion. In the engine
Either one of the outer surface of the piston and the inner surface of the surrounding member is provided with an annular groove that makes a round on the outer surface or the inner surface while being displaced in the extending direction of the central axis. An engaging member that engages with the groove is provided on the other side, and the piston and the surrounding member are moved around the central axis by the engagement of the groove with the engaging member during translation of the piston. Is provided for relative rotational movement,
A crankless engine, characterized in that fins that stir the air in the gap by rotation of the surrounding member are provided in a gap formed between the surrounding member and a support that supports the surrounding member from the outside. . The crankless engine according to claim 9 , wherein the fin is spirally provided along an outer surface of the enclosing member, and moves the air in the gap while stirring. The crankless engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein hydrogen is introduced as the outside air in the combustion space.

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