JP6648908B2 - Structure for load test and method of manufacturing structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure for a load test used when performing a load test of a crane and a method of manufacturing the structure, and more particularly, to a structure for a load test capable of efficiently performing a load test of a container crane having a spreader. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a body and a structure.

  A structure for a load test used for a load test of a crane has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  The structure for a load test described in Patent Literature 1 has a plurality of weights configured to be vertically overlapped. When a load test is performed on a crane, a wire is wrapped around a plurality of superimposed weights, and the structure is lifted by hooks, which are hanging tools of the crane.

  Since the wire wrapped around the weight is lifted by the hook, the load test cannot be performed on a crane or the like which does not include the hook constituted by the hook in the structure for the load test. For example, a container crane including a spreader in which a lifting device handles a container cannot carry out a load test with the structure described in Patent Literature 1.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-8512

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a structure for a load test and a method for manufacturing the structure, which can efficiently perform a load test of a container crane including a spreader. is there.

  A load test structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is a load test structure including a frame and a plurality of weights that can be arranged inside the frame. The frame-like body has a bottom plate having a weight disposing portion on an upper surface, a plurality of columns having an upper end formed with a connection hole erected on the upper surface of the bottom plate and connected to a spreader of a container crane; A first upper opening formed in the upper surface of the frame and configured to allow the weight to pass therethrough; and a first side opening formed in a side surface of the frame, wherein the weight is disposed. A guide member for restraining the weight in the horizontal direction, a second upper opening formed on the upper surface of the weight disposing portion and configured to pass through the weight, and a side portion of the weight disposing portion. The first side opening Characterized in that it comprises a second side opening which opens in substantially the same direction as the.

The method for manufacturing a structure according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a structure for a load test including a frame-shaped body and a plurality of weights that can be arranged inside the frame-shaped body, and includes a spreader for a container crane. A plurality of pillars having connection holes configured to be connectable to the bottom plate are provided upright on the bottom plate to form a structure, and a first upper opening configured to be able to pass the weight is provided on an upper surface of the structure. Forming, forming a first side opening in a side surface portion of the structure, a guide member for restraining the weight in the horizontal direction is erected on the bottom plate, and a weight arrangement portion is provided inside the structure. And forming a second upper opening configured to allow passage of the weight on the upper surface of the weight disposing portion, and a side surface portion of the weight disposing portion and substantially the same as the first side opening. Form a second side opening that opens in the same direction It is characterized in.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the structure of this invention, and the manufacturing method of a structure, since the frame-shaped body comprised so that connection with the spreader of a container crane is provided, the operation | work which wraps a wire around a weight becomes unnecessary, and the load of a container crane It is advantageous to perform the test efficiently.

  Further, since the frame-shaped body and the guide member have openings on the top surface and the side surface, respectively, the weight can be arranged and removed from the structure by a device such as a forklift supporting the side of the weight. . This is advantageous for improving the efficiency of weight transfer work.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure of this invention in perspective. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure of FIG. 1 in planar view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates a weight in perspective. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure at the time of weight transfer in side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure of FIG. 4 in planar view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a guide member. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates another embodiment of the structure of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates another embodiment of the structure of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates another embodiment of the structure of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a structure and a method of manufacturing the structure of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. In the drawings, the extending direction of the short side of the structure (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the short side direction) is indicated by an arrow x, and the extending direction of the long side (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the long side direction) is indicated by an arrow y. The vertical direction is indicated by an arrow z.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, a structure 1 for a load test according to the present invention includes a frame 2 and a plurality of weights 3 that can be arranged inside the frame 2. I have. The frame 2 includes a bottom plate 4 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and four pillars 5 erected on the upper surface 4a of the bottom plate 4 near four corners of the bottom plate 4, respectively. At the upper end 5a of the support column 5, a connection hole 6 for connecting to a connection tool (twist lock) of a spreader of a container crane is formed.

  In this embodiment, the structure 1 is configured such that a virtual plane circumscribing the frame 2 is about the same size as a 40 ft container. Therefore, the container crane can lift the structure 1 in the same manner as when lifting a 40 ft container. In this specification, a container crane is a general term for a crane provided with a spreader that is a hanging tool for loading and unloading containers, and includes, for example, a quay crane, a portal crane, and the like.

  The frame 2 has a first upper opening 7 formed on the upper surface. That is, the frame 2 is in a state where the upper surface is not covered with the top plate or the like. The first upper opening 7 only needs to have a configuration capable of moving the weight 3 from above the frame 2 toward the upper surface 4 a of the bottom plate 4. Therefore, as long as the weight 3 can pass through, a part of the upper surface of the frame 2 may be covered with a top plate or the like.

  The frame 2 has a first side opening 8 formed on a side surface parallel to the long side direction y. That is, the frame 2 is in a state where the side surface is not covered with the side plate or the like. In this embodiment, the first side openings 8 are formed on both the pair of side surfaces parallel to the long side direction y.

  The position of the side surface where the first side opening 8 is formed is not limited to the above. One of the side surfaces parallel to the long side direction y may be covered with a side plate or the like, and the first side opening 8 may be formed only on the other side surface. Alternatively, the first side opening 8 may be formed on at least one of the side surfaces parallel to the short side direction x.

  A weight disposing portion 9 for disposing the weight 3 is formed on the upper surface 4 a of the bottom plate 4. In this embodiment, the frame 2 includes three weight placement portions 9 arranged side by side along the long side direction y. The weight placement section 9 includes a guide member 10 for restraining the weight 3 to be placed from moving in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the guide member 10 is formed of four columnar members that stand upright on the upper surface 4 a of the bottom plate 4 and that contact the four corners of the weight 3 to restrain the weight 3. The guide member 10 has a concave portion corresponding to a corner of the weight 3, and the weight 3 is restrained by the concave portion.

  The configuration of the guide member 10 is not limited to the above. What is necessary is just to have the structure which can restrain the weight 3 in a horizontal direction. For example, the weight 3 may be formed of a plate-like member that contacts four side surfaces instead of the corners. The guide member 10 may be configured to have a gap between the guide member 10 and the side surface of the weight 3, but it is desirable that the guide member 10 be configured to be in contact with the gap 3 without any gap.

  The weight disposing portion 9 has a second upper opening 11 formed on the upper surface portion. That is, the weight arrangement section 9 is in a state where the upper surface is not covered with the top plate or the like. The second upper opening 11 is provided with a configuration that allows the weight 3 to pass from above the weight disposition portion 9 toward the upper surface 4 a of the bottom plate 4.

  The weight disposing portion 9 includes a second side opening 12 that opens in substantially the same direction as the first side opening 8. The substantially same direction refers to a state in which at least a part of the weight 3 disposed inside the structure 1 can be seen through the first side opening 8 and the second side opening 12 from outside the structure 1. Say. In this embodiment, a pair of second side openings 12 are formed in each weight arrangement portion 9 so as to be parallel to the pair of first side openings 8, respectively.

  The position where the second side opening 12 is formed can be changed according to the position where the first side opening 8 is formed.

  A horizontal beam-shaped reinforcing member 13 may be arranged between a pair of columns 5 arranged along the short side direction x of the structure 1 to connect the vicinity of the upper ends of the columns 5 to each other. That is, the reinforcing member 13 may be arranged on the side of the frame 2 where the first side opening 8 is not formed.

  Further, between the pair of guide members 10 arranged in the short side direction x, a horizontal beam-shaped reinforcing member 13 for connecting the guide members 10 may be arranged. That is, the reinforcing member 13 may be disposed on the side surface of the weight disposing portion 9 where the second side opening 12 is not formed. Since the strength of the frame 2 and the weight arranging portion 9 is improved by the arrangement of the reinforcing member 13, it is advantageous to improve the durability of the entire structure 1.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the weight 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The weight 3 can be made of an iron plate, concrete, or the like. A groove 14 for inserting a forklift claw is formed on the bottom surface of the weight 3. The groove 14 may be formed in the weight 3 and its position is not limited to the bottom surface. A plurality of weights 3 are prepared in the structure 1 in advance. For example, it is desirable to prepare a plurality of weights 3 having different weights such as 1t, 2.5t, 5t, and 10t.

  When a load test of a container crane is performed as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, first, a weight necessary for the test is determined, and a necessary weight 3 is arranged inside the structure 1 according to the weight. To go. Specifically, the forklift M that inserts and supports the claw Ma into the groove 14 of the weight 3 is moved to a position facing the first side opening 8 of the frame 2. 4 and 5, the claw Ma and the groove 14 of the forklift M are indicated by broken lines for explanation.

  The weight 3 lifted by the forklift M passes through the first upper opening 7 of the frame 2 and the second upper opening 11 of the weight disposing portion 9 from above the frame 2, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 4. 4a. If the weight 3 has already been arranged, it is lowered to above the arranged weight 3. Hereinafter, the first upper opening 7 and the second upper opening 11 may be collectively referred to as upper openings 7, 11.

  When the weight 3 passes through the upper openings 7 and 11, the claw Ma of the forklift M that supports the weight 3 from the side is formed by the first side opening 8 of the frame 2 and the second side of the weight disposing portion 9. It is in a state of passing through the side opening 12. Therefore, the first side opening 8 and the second side opening 12 (hereinafter, sometimes collectively referred to as side openings 8 and 12) are formed in a shape that does not interfere with the claw Ma of the forklift M. It can be said that there is.

  After disposing the weight 3, the claw Ma of the forklift M is pulled out in the horizontal direction as it is. The claw Ma of the forklift M is pulled out through the side openings 8 and 12. When the claw Ma of the forklift M is pulled out, the arrangement of the weight 3 is completed.

  By repeating the above, the necessary number of weights 3 are sequentially arranged in each weight arrangement section 9. If there is an unnecessary weight 3, the weight 3 is removed from the weight arranging section 9 in the reverse procedure. After the transfer of the weight 3 necessary for the load test is completed, the load test by the container crane is started.

  As illustrated in FIG. 6, a configuration may be adopted in which an enlarged portion 15 that expands upward is disposed at the upper end of the guide member 10. Even when the position of the weight 3 is displaced in the short side direction x and the long side direction y when the weight 3 is placed on the weight placement section 9, the weight 3 is guided to the correct position by the enlargement section 15. Can be. This is advantageous for improving work efficiency when placing the weight 3 on the weight placement section 9.

  When changing the weight of the weight 3 mounted on the load test structure 1, the forklift M is first moved to a position facing the first side opening 8 of the frame 2. Thereafter, as the forklift M advances, the claw Ma is inserted into the groove 14 of the weight 3 through the side openings 8 and 12. The weight 3 lifted by the claw Ma of the forklift M passes through the second upper opening 11 and the first upper opening 7 and is taken out from above the frame 2.

  Since the structure 1 for the load test includes the frame 2 configured to be connectable to the spreader, it is not necessary to wrap the wire around the weight 3. It is advantageous to efficiently perform a load test on a container crane having a spreader.

Since the frame 2 and the guide member 10 have the upper openings 7, 11 and the side openings 8, 12, the weight 3 can be moved between the outside and the inside of the frame 2 by the weight 3. Can be performed by a forklift M that supports the sides of the forklift. Since the weight 3 can be supported from the side, there is no need to separately prepare a crane or the like for reloading the weight 3 from above the frame 2. This is advantageous for efficiently performing the operation of moving the weight 3.

  The movement of the weight 3 is not limited to the forklift M, and if the equipment can support the weight 3 from the side, the transfer of the weight 3 can be efficiently performed. When a device other than the forklift M is used, it is desirable to arrange a grip portion for gripping by the device on the weight 3.

  Since the structure 1 includes the plurality of weight arranging portions 9 arranged side by side in the long side direction y, different weights 3 can be arranged for each weight arranging portion 9. Therefore, it is possible to perform a load test assuming a container whose center of gravity is eccentric. When the position of the center of gravity is at a position away from the center in plan view, the spreader may swing in the horizontal direction. Container cranes may be equipped with a steady rest mechanism that automatically suppresses this swing. Since the structure 1 can reproduce an eccentric load container, it can be inspected whether or not the steady rest mechanism is functioning normally.

  Since the guide member 10 is provided on the side surface of the weight 3 and restrains the movement in the horizontal direction, even if the structure 1 is inclined during the load test, the weight 3 arranged in the vertical direction z is broken. It is possible to avoid problems such as dropping. This is advantageous for improving the safety of the load test.

  In the case where the structure 1 has the side openings 8 and 12 in a plurality of directions, when the weight 3 is reloaded on the structure 1, there are a plurality of positions where work can be performed by the forklift M or the like. In this embodiment, the weight 3 can be reloaded from any side that is the long side of the structure 1. Further, it is possible to carry out the work of reloading the weights 3 simultaneously by using a plurality of forklifts M or the like. This is advantageous for improving the work efficiency of the work of transshipping the weights 3.

  The number of weight arranging sections 9 is not limited to three. When it is not necessary to reproduce the container of the eccentric load, the weight arrangement portion 9 may be provided as one as illustrated in FIG. The number of weight arranging portions 9 may be two, four or more, and can be arbitrarily determined.

  As illustrated in FIG. 7, the guide member 10 may be formed of a plate-shaped member that contacts four sides of the weight 3 that is rectangular in plan view. It is sufficient that at least one plate-shaped member is disposed on one side, and a plurality of plate-shaped members may be disposed. In this embodiment, the structure 1 has one weight disposing portion 9.

  The two guide members 10 arranged on the side surface along the long side direction y are arranged at positions and sizes that do not interfere with the pair of claws Ma of the forklift M. That is, the groove 14 of the weight 3 is not covered by the guide member 10. In this embodiment, the second side opening 12 is formed at a position between the two guide members 10.

  As illustrated in FIG. 7, the length of the guide member 10 in the vertical direction z may be configured to be shorter than the length of the column 5. According to this configuration, when the weight 3 is lifted above the upper end of the guide member 10, the weight 3 can be pulled out from the side openings 8, 12 to the side. This is advantageous for quickly transferring the weights 3. As a result, the load test of the container crane can be performed in a relatively short time, so that the time required for the periodic inspection and the like of the container crane can be reduced, and the downtime of the container crane can be reduced.

  When the difference in length between the column 5 and the guide member 10 in the vertical direction z is sufficiently large with respect to the length of the weight 3 in the vertical direction z, the weight 3 is lifted to a position higher than the upper surface of the frame 2. Since the necessity is eliminated, the frame-shaped body 2 may be configured not to include the first upper opening 7.

  As illustrated in FIG. 8, the column 5 of the frame 2 may be installed at a position other than the four corners of the bottom plate 4. In this embodiment, the columns 5 are arranged at positions corresponding to the positions of the twist locks of the spreader for the 20 ft container. The length of the bottom plate 4 in the long side direction y is substantially the same as the bottom of the 40 ft container.

  The weight arranging portions 9 arranged on both sides of the three weight arranging portions 9 are provided with the second side openings 12 on side surfaces parallel to the short side direction x of the structure 1. The frame 2 also has a first side opening 8 at a position corresponding to the second side opening 12.

  With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the second side opening 12 from being closed by the column 5. The weight 3 arranged in the weight arranging portion 9 is provided with a groove portion 14 extending in the long side direction y so as to be supported by a forklift or the like from a side surface portion of the structure 1 parallel to the short side direction x. .

  According to this configuration, a load test of a container crane including a spreader for a 20 ft container can be performed on the structure 1. Alternatively, the struts 5 may be arranged at positions corresponding to the spreader for a 20 ft container and the spreader for a 40 ft container. That is, a configuration in which eight columns 5 are installed on the frame 2 may be adopted.

  The structure 1 may be configured such that the virtual surface circumscribing the frame 2 is approximately the same size as a 20 ft container. On the other hand, when the structure 1 is configured such that the virtual surface circumscribing the frame 2 is approximately the same size as a 40 ft container as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, a container crane having a spreader for 20 ft container At the time of the load test, it becomes easy to perform the load test assuming a container whose center of gravity is eccentric.

  The weight 3 may be formed in a cylindrical shape as illustrated in FIG. In this embodiment, the guide member 10 is formed of a columnar member that stands upright along the periphery of the weight 3.

  The top plate 16 may be arranged on the upper surface of the frame 2 as long as it does not prevent the weight 3 from passing. In this embodiment, the top plate 16 has a first upper opening 7 slightly larger than the size of the weight 3 that is circular in plan view. The first upper opening 7 only needs to be formed in a size and a position that does not hinder the vertical movement of the weight 3 when the weight 3 is transshipped, and it is sufficient that the first upper opening 7 is at least larger than the size of the weight 3 in plan view.

  Further, the side plate 17 may be disposed on a side surface portion of the forklift M which does not interfere with the claw Ma when the weight 3 is reloaded. The first side opening 8 only needs to have a size, a position, and a shape that do not interfere with a device that supports the weight 3 such as the forklift M. The same applies to the second side opening 12.

  In this embodiment, the side openings 8 and 12 are formed only in the side surface in one direction. Side plates 17 are arranged on other side surfaces of the frame 2 respectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure 2 Frame-shaped body 3 Weight 4 Bottom plate 4a Upper surface 5 (of bottom plate) 5 Column 5a Upper end 6 of column 6 Connection hole 7 First upper opening 8 First side opening 9 Weight disposing portion 10 Guide member 11 Upper opening 12 Second side opening 13 Reinforcing member 14 Groove 15 Enlarged portion 16 Top plate 17 Side plate M Forklift Ma Claw x Extension direction of short side (short side direction)
y Long side extension direction (long side direction)
z Vertical direction

Claims (8)

A load test structure including a frame and a plurality of weights configured to be arranged inside the frame,
A bottom plate having a weight arranging portion on an upper surface thereof, a plurality of columns having an upper end formed with a connection hole erected on the upper surface of the bottom plate and connected to a spreader of a container crane; A first upper opening formed on the upper surface of the frame and configured to be able to pass through the weight, and a first side opening formed on a side surface of the frame-shaped body,
A guide member that restrains the weight in the horizontal direction, a second upper opening formed on an upper surface of the weight placement portion and configured to pass through the weight, and a side surface of the weight placement portion And a second side opening which is formed in the portion and opens in substantially the same direction as the first side opening.   The structure for a load test according to claim 1, wherein the weight includes a groove into which a claw of a forklift is inserted.   The load test structure according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of the weight arrangement portions.   The load test structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a plurality of the first side openings and a plurality of the second side openings. A method for manufacturing a structure for a load test including a frame and a plurality of weights configured to be arranged inside the frame,
A first structure in which a plurality of columns having connection holes configured to be connectable to a spreader of a container crane is erected on a bottom plate to form a structure, and an upper surface of the structure is configured to be able to pass the weight. Forming an upper opening, forming a first side opening in a side surface of the structure,
A guide member that restrains the weight in the horizontal direction is erected on the bottom plate to form a weight arranging portion inside the structure, and the upper surface of the weight arranging portion is configured to allow the weight to pass therethrough. Forming a second upper opening to form a second side opening that is a side surface of the weight disposing portion and opens in substantially the same direction as the first side opening; Production method.   The method for manufacturing a structure according to claim 5, wherein a groove into which a claw of a forklift is inserted is formed in the weight.   The method for manufacturing a structure according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of weight disposing portions are formed inside the structure.   The method for manufacturing a structure according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of the first side openings and a plurality of the second side openings are formed.

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