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JP6705734B2 - Casing of a water-cooled chiller for electric elements - Google Patents
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JP6705734B2 - Casing of a water-cooled chiller for electric elements - Google Patents

Casing of a water-cooled chiller for electric elements Download PDF

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JP6705734B2
JP6705734B2 JP2016211999A JP2016211999A JP6705734B2 JP 6705734 B2 JP6705734 B2 JP 6705734B2 JP 2016211999 A JP2016211999 A JP 2016211999A JP 2016211999 A JP2016211999 A JP 2016211999A JP 6705734 B2 JP6705734 B2 JP 6705734B2
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casing
cooling jacket
heat dissipation
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JP2018073985A (en
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小西 晴之
晴之 小西
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Description

本発明は、電気素子を冷却する水冷式冷却機のケーシングに関する。 The present invention relates to a casing of a water-cooled cooler that cools electric elements.

ハイブリッド車や電気自動車などには、大容量のバッテリの電源を元にモーターを駆動するためのパワーICなどの電気素子が搭載されており、その冷却には水冷式冷却機が広く用いられている。
一般的な水冷式冷却機のケーシングの構造を図2に示す。このケーシング1は、略平板状の放熱基盤2と、放熱基盤2の一方の面を覆い、放熱基盤2との間に冷却水の流路3を形成する水冷ジャケット4からなる。このタイプのケーシングを有する水冷式冷却機が記載された先行技術として、特許文献1〜4が挙げられる。
Hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like are equipped with electric elements such as power ICs for driving a motor based on a large-capacity battery power source, and a water-cooled cooler is widely used for cooling the elements. .
The structure of the casing of a general water-cooled chiller is shown in FIG. This casing 1 is composed of a substantially flat heat dissipation base 2 and a water cooling jacket 4 that covers one surface of the heat dissipation base 2 and forms a flow path 3 of cooling water between the heat dissipation base 2. As a prior art in which a water-cooled chiller having this type of casing is described, Patent Documents 1 to 4 are cited.

図2に示すケーシング1において、放熱基盤2の一方の面には冷却水の流路3側に突出するフィン5が形成され、放熱基盤2の他方の面が電気素子6の取付面となっている。放熱基盤2は例えば銅板又はアルミニウム押出材からなり、フィン5が一方の面に形成される。水冷ジャケット4は、放熱基盤2との間で流路3を形成し、かつ給排水の配管を接続する給水口7及び排水口8を形成する必要から形状が複雑であり、従来よりアルミニウム合金のダイカスト製品が広く用いられている。水冷ジャケット4のダイカスト用アルミニウム合金として、機械的性質、被削性及び鋳造性が良いADC12(JISH5302(2006))が用いられている。 In the casing 1 shown in FIG. 2, the fins 5 projecting toward the cooling water flow path 3 side are formed on one surface of the heat dissipation base 2, and the other surface of the heat dissipation base 2 serves as a mounting surface of the electric element 6. There is. The heat dissipation base 2 is made of, for example, a copper plate or an aluminum extruded material, and the fins 5 are formed on one surface. The water cooling jacket 4 has a complicated shape because it needs to form the flow path 3 with the heat dissipation base 2 and the water supply port 7 and the water discharge port 8 for connecting the water supply and drainage pipes. The product is widely used. As an aluminum alloy for die casting of the water cooling jacket 4, ADC12 (JIS H5302 (2006)) having good mechanical properties, machinability and castability is used.

特開2016−4806号公報JP, 2016-4806, A 特開2015−216409号公報JP, 2015-216409, A WO2016/021565号公報WO2016/021565 特許第5213519号公報Japanese Patent No. 5213519

しかし、ダイカスト製の水冷ジャケットには次のような問題があり、改善が望まれている。
ダイカスト製品はプレス加工品等に比べて一般的に製造コストが高い。
金型表面に塗布する離型材のため、ダイカスト製品は表面精度が劣り、放熱基盤との突き合わせ面や給排水口の周辺を切削仕上げする必要がある。この点も製造コストが高くなる要因となっている。
水冷ジャケットには高い強度が必要でないため、設計上は薄肉化が可能であるが、ダイカスト製品は薄肉化に限界があり、水冷ジャケット4が軽量化できない。
ADC12は比較的熱伝導率が低く、その点が水冷ジャケット(水冷式冷却機)の冷却性能をより高める上で妨げになっている。
ADC12は比較的多くのCu(1.5〜3.5質量%)を含有するため耐食性が低く、その上、ケーシング1内を流れる冷却水の温度は給水口付近でも50〜60℃以上あり、水冷ジャケットに腐食が生じやすい。
However, the water-cooled jacket made of die cast has the following problems, and improvement is desired.
Die-cast products generally have higher manufacturing costs than pressed products.
Due to the release material applied on the die surface, the surface accuracy of die cast products is poor, and it is necessary to cut and finish the abutting surface with the heat dissipation base and the periphery of the water supply/drainage port. This is also a factor that increases the manufacturing cost.
Since the water-cooling jacket does not require high strength, it is possible to reduce the thickness in design, but the die-cast product has a limit in reducing the thickness, and the weight of the water-cooling jacket 4 cannot be reduced.
The ADC 12 has a relatively low thermal conductivity, which is an obstacle to further enhancing the cooling performance of the water cooling jacket (water cooling type chiller).
Since the ADC 12 contains a relatively large amount of Cu (1.5 to 3.5 mass %), it has low corrosion resistance, and the temperature of the cooling water flowing in the casing 1 is 50 to 60° C. or higher even near the water supply port. Corrosion easily occurs in the water cooling jacket.

本発明は、従来の電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング、特に水冷ジャケットに関する上記問題点に鑑みてなされてもので、製造コストが低く、軽量化された水冷ジャケットを提供することを主たる目的とする。また、冷却性能及び耐食性が改善された水冷ジャケットを提供することを別の目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems relating to the casing of the conventional water-cooled electric element cooling device, particularly the water-cooling jacket. To do. Another object is to provide a water cooling jacket with improved cooling performance and corrosion resistance.

本発明に係る電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシングは、平板状の放熱基盤と、前記放熱基盤の一方の面を覆い、前記放熱基盤との間に冷却水流路を形成する水冷ジャケットからなり、前記放熱基盤の前記一方の面に前記流路内に突出するフィンが形成され、前記放熱基盤の他方の面が電気素子の取付面であり、前記水冷ジャケットが周囲に取付用フランジを有するアルミニウム板の絞り加工品であることを特徴とする。なお、本発明において、アルミニウム板は純アルミニウム板とアルミニウム合金板の両方を意味する。アルミニウム板として、JIS1000系の純アルミニウム板、JIS3000系又はJIS6000系のアルミニウム合金板が好ましい。また、前記アルミニウム板は、JIS1000系、JIS3000系又はJIS6000系のアルミニウム板を心材とし、JIS7000系(Al−Zn−Mg系)のアルミニウム板を犠牲陽極材とするクラッド材であっても良い。 The casing of the water-cooled cooler of the electric element according to the present invention comprises a flat heat dissipation base, and a water cooling jacket that covers one surface of the heat dissipation base and forms a cooling water flow path between the heat dissipation base and the heat dissipation base. An aluminum plate having fins projecting into the flow path formed on the one surface of the heat dissipation base, the other surface of the heat dissipation base being a mounting surface of an electric element, and the water cooling jacket having a mounting flange on the periphery thereof. It is a drawn product of. In the present invention, the aluminum plate means both a pure aluminum plate and an aluminum alloy plate. As the aluminum plate, a JIS 1000 series pure aluminum plate or a JIS 3000 series or JIS 6000 series aluminum alloy plate is preferable. Further, the aluminum plate may be a clad material using a JIS1000 series, JIS3000 series, or JIS6000 series aluminum plate as a core material and a JIS7000 series (Al—Zn—Mg system) aluminum plate as a sacrificial anode material.

本発明に係る水冷ジャケットは、アルミニウム板の絞り加工品であるから、ダイカスト製品に比べて低コストで製造でき、薄肉化による軽量化も可能である。また、絞り加工品の表面はプレス金型の表面形状が転写され、ダイカスト製品に比べて高精度化することができ、放熱基盤との突き合わせ面(取付用フランジの部分)や給排水口の周辺の切削仕上げを省略して、一層の低コスト化を実現できる。
JIS1000系、3000系又は6000系のアルミニウムは、熱伝導率が120W/m・K以上と高く、ADC12より熱伝導性に優れ、水冷式冷却機の冷却性能を高めることができる。また、JIS1000系、3000系又は6000系のアルミニウムは、Cu及びFe含有量が低く、耐食性がADC12より優れ、水冷ジャケットの腐食(腐食減量)を防止することができる。特に犠牲陽極材層を有するアルミニウム板を使用した場合、心材の腐食防止効果が大きい。
Since the water-cooling jacket according to the present invention is a drawn product of an aluminum plate, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than a die-cast product and can be made lighter by thinning it. In addition, the surface shape of the press die is transferred to the surface of the drawn product, which makes it possible to achieve higher accuracy compared to die-cast products, and it is possible to improve the accuracy of the surface shape of the heat-dissipating base and the area around the water supply/drainage port. It is possible to realize further cost reduction by omitting the cutting finish.
JIS 1000 series, 3000 series, or 6000 series aluminum has a high thermal conductivity of 120 W/m·K or more, is superior in thermal conductivity to ADC 12, and can enhance the cooling performance of a water-cooled chiller. In addition, JIS 1000 series, 3000 series or 6000 series aluminum has low Cu and Fe contents, is superior in corrosion resistance to ADC12, and can prevent corrosion of the water cooling jacket (corrosion weight loss). Particularly when an aluminum plate having a sacrificial anode material layer is used, the effect of preventing corrosion of the core material is great.

本発明に係る水冷式冷却機のケーシングの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the casing of the water-cooling type cooling machine which concerns on this invention. 従来の水冷式冷却機のケーシングの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the casing of the conventional water-cooling type chiller.

以下、図1を参照して、本発明に係る水冷式冷却機のケーシングについて具体的に説明する。図1において、図2に示すケーシングと実質的に同じ部位には同じ番号を付与している。
図1に示す水冷式冷却機のケーシング1は、放熱基盤2と水冷ジャケット11からなり、放熱基盤2と水冷ジャケット11の間に冷却水の流路3が形成されている。放熱基盤2は、従来のものと同様に、全体として平板状で、流路3側に突出する多数のフィン5が形成されている。放熱基盤2は、例えば銅板又はアルミニウム押出材からなり、フィン5はこれらの素材から例えば削り出しにより形成される。
Hereinafter, the casing of the water-cooled chiller according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the same numbers are given to the substantially same parts as the casing shown in FIG.
The casing 1 of the water-cooled chiller shown in FIG. 1 includes a heat dissipation base 2 and a water cooling jacket 11, and a cooling water passage 3 is formed between the heat dissipation base 2 and the water cooling jacket 11. The heat dissipation base 2 has a flat plate shape as a whole, and a large number of fins 5 projecting toward the flow path 3 are formed as in the conventional one. The heat dissipation base 2 is made of, for example, a copper plate or an aluminum extruded material, and the fins 5 are formed by cutting out of these materials.

水冷ジャケット11は、アルミニウム板をプレス絞り加工して成形したもので、側面12と天面13、及び全周を取り巻く取付用フランジ14からなる。天面13に他より深く絞り加工された部位が2箇所あり、同部位に給水口15と排水口16が打抜き加工により形成されている。水冷ジャケット11は、取付用フランジ14において放熱基盤2に接合される。水冷ジャケット11の天面と水冷ジャケット11に形成されたフィン5の先端との間に隙間がある。接合手段として、ボルト・ナットによる締結、ろう付け等、種々の手段が利用できる。取付用フランジ14の突き合わせ面14aや、給水口15及び排水口16の周辺は、従来のダイカスト製品では切削仕上げ加工が必要であったが、アルミニウム板の絞り加工品の場合、プレス金型の表面性状が転写されるため、表面精度を高くでき、切削仕上げ加工は不要である。また、水冷ジャケット11はアルミニウム板の絞り加工品であるから、ダイカスト製品に比べて薄肉化(例えば2.5mm以下)が可能となり、水冷ジャケット11の軽量化を図ることができる。 The water-cooling jacket 11 is formed by press drawing an aluminum plate, and includes a side surface 12, a top surface 13, and a mounting flange 14 surrounding the entire circumference . There are two portions on the top surface 13 that are deeper drawn than others, and a water supply port 15 and a drain port 16 are formed by punching at the same portion . The water cooling jacket 11 is joined to the heat dissipation base 2 at the mounting flange 14. There is a gap between the top surface of the water cooling jacket 11 and the tips of the fins 5 formed on the water cooling jacket 11. As the joining means, various means such as fastening with bolts and nuts and brazing can be used. The abutting surface 14a of the mounting flange 14 and the periphery of the water supply port 15 and the drainage port 16 require cutting finish processing in the conventional die casting product, but in the case of a drawn product of an aluminum plate, the surface of the press die. Since the properties are transferred, the surface accuracy can be increased and cutting finishing processing is unnecessary. Further, since the water-cooling jacket 11 is a drawn product of an aluminum plate, it can be made thinner (for example, 2.5 mm or less) than a die-cast product, and the weight of the water-cooling jacket 11 can be reduced.

水冷ジャケット11用のアルミニウム板として、好ましくは、JIS1000系の純アルミニウム板、及びJIS3000系(Al−Mn系)又はJIS6000系(Al−Mg−Si系)のアルミニウム合金板が使用できる。JIS1000系アルミニウムの組成(単位:質量%)は、Si+Fe≦1.00、Cu≦0.20、Mn≦0.05、Zn≦0.10、Ti≦0.05、Al≧99.00、その他の元素が個々に0.05以下かつ合計で0.15以下である。JIS3000系アルミニウム合金の組成(単位:質量%)は、Mn:0.3〜1.5、Mg≦1.3、Cu≦0.30、Fe≦0.7、Si≦0.6、Zn≦0.40、Cr≦0.2、Ti≦0.1、及び残部Alであり、その他元素が個々に0.05以下かつ合計で0.15以下の範囲で許容される。JIS6000系アルミニウムの組成(単位:質量%)は、Si:0.3〜1.3、Mg:0.4〜1.2、Mn≦1.0、Cu≦0.4、Fe≦0.7、Cr≦0.35、Zn≦0.25、Ti≦0.15、及び残部Alであり、その他元素が個々に0.05以下かつ合計で0.15以下の範囲で許容される。なお、上記組成において、含有量の下限値を規定していない元素は、0質量%の場合があり得る。
JIS1000系、3000系又は6000系のアルミニウムは、熱伝導率が120W/(m・K)以上と高く、ADC12より熱伝導性に優れるため、水冷式冷却機の冷却性能を高めることができる。特に1000系及び6000系合金の中で熱伝導性が200W/(m・K)以上の値を選ぶことで、さらに冷却機の冷却性能を高めることができる。
As the aluminum plate for the water cooling jacket 11, preferably, a JIS1000 series pure aluminum plate and a JIS3000 series (Al-Mn series) or JIS6000 series (Al-Mg-Si series) aluminum alloy plate can be used. The composition (unit: mass %) of JIS 1000-based aluminum is Si+Fe≦1.00, Cu≦0.20, Mn≦0.05, Zn≦0.10, Ti≦0.05, Al≧99.00, and others. The individual elements are 0.05 or less and 0.15 or less in total. The composition (unit: mass %) of the JIS 3000 series aluminum alloy is Mn: 0.3 to 1.5, Mg≦1.3, Cu≦0.30, Fe≦0.7, Si≦0.6, Zn≦ 0.40, Cr≦0.2, Ti≦0.1, and the balance Al, and other elements are allowed within the range of 0.05 or less and 0.15 or less in total. The composition (unit: mass%) of JIS6000 series aluminum is Si: 0.3 to 1.3, Mg: 0.4 to 1.2, Mn≦1.0, Cu≦0.4, Fe≦0.7. , Cr≦0.35, Zn≦0.25, Ti≦0.15, and the balance Al, and the other elements are allowed within the range of 0.05 or less and 0.15 or less in total. In the above composition, the content of the element for which the lower limit of the content is not specified may be 0% by mass.
JIS 1000 series, 3000 series, or 6000 series aluminum has a high thermal conductivity of 120 W/(m·K) or more and is superior to ADC 12 in thermal conductivity, so that the cooling performance of the water-cooled chiller can be enhanced. In particular, by selecting a value of thermal conductivity of 200 W/(m·K) or more among the 1000 series and 6000 series alloys, the cooling performance of the cooler can be further enhanced.

上記アルミニウム板は、耐食性を低下させるCuの含有量が0.4質量%以下と少なく、Feの含有量も少ない(JIS1000系ではFe+Si≦1.00質量%、JIS3000系及び6000系ではFe≦0.7質量%)。このため、従来のADC12に比べて耐食性が良く、50〜60℃以上の流動する冷却水に常時接触する水冷ジャケット11の内面側に腐食が生じ難い。
また、上記アルミニウム板を心材とし、JIS7000系(Al−Zn−Mg系)のアルミニウム板を犠牲陽極材とするクラッド材であっても良い。クラッド材の場合、犠牲陽極材が流路3側に配置される。JIS7000系アルミニウムの組成(単位:質量%)は、Mg:1.0〜3.1、Zn:4.0〜7.3、Cu≦2.4、Mn≦0.7、Si≦0.4、Cr≦0.3、Ti≦0.20及び残部Alであり、その他元素が個々に0.05以下かつ合計で0.15以下の範囲で許容される。
In the aluminum plate, the content of Cu that lowers the corrosion resistance is as low as 0.4 mass% or less, and the content of Fe is also small (Fe+Si≦1.00 mass% in JIS1000 series, Fe≦0 in JIS3000 series and 6000 series). 0.7% by mass). For this reason, the corrosion resistance is better than that of the conventional ADC 12, and corrosion is less likely to occur on the inner surface side of the water cooling jacket 11 that is constantly in contact with flowing cooling water at 50 to 60° C. or higher.
Further, it may be a clad material using the above aluminum plate as a core material and a JIS7000 series (Al-Zn-Mg series) aluminum plate as a sacrificial anode material. In the case of the clad material, the sacrificial anode material is arranged on the flow path 3 side. The composition (unit: mass%) of JIS 7000 series aluminum is Mg: 1.0 to 3.1, Zn: 4.0 to 7.3, Cu≦2.4, Mn≦0.7, Si≦0.4. , Cr≦0.3, Ti≦0.20 and the balance Al, and the other elements are allowed within the range of 0.05 or less and 0.15 or less in total.

1 水冷式冷却機のケーシング
2 放熱基盤
3 流路
5 フィン
6 電気素子
11 水冷ジャケット
14 水冷ジャケットの取付用フランジ
15 水冷ジャケットの給水口
16 水冷ジャケットの排水口
1 Casing of Water Cooling Cooler 2 Radiating Base 3 Flow Path 5 Fins 6 Electric Element 11 Water Cooling Jacket 14 Water Cooling Jacket Mounting Flange 15 Water Cooling Jacket Water Supply Port 16 Water Cooling Jacket Drainage Port

Claims (5)

平板状の放熱基盤と、前記放熱基盤の一方の面を覆い、前記放熱基盤との間に冷却水流路を形成する水冷ジャケットからなり、前記放熱基盤の前記一方の面に前記流路側に突出するフィンが形成され、前記放熱基盤の他方の面が電気素子の取付面である、電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシングにおいて、前記水冷ジャケットが周囲に取付用フランジを有するアルミニウム板の絞り加工品であり、前記水冷ジャケットの天面とフィンの先端との間に隙間があり、前記天面に他より深く絞り加工されたされた部位が2箇所あり、同部位に給水口及び排水口が開口していることを特徴とする電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング。 It consists of a plate-shaped heat dissipation base and a water cooling jacket that covers one surface of the heat dissipation base and forms a cooling water flow path between the heat dissipation base, and projects toward the flow path side on the one surface of the heat dissipation base. In a casing of a water-cooled cooler for electric elements, in which fins are formed and the other surface of the heat dissipation base is a mounting surface for electric elements, the water cooling jacket is a drawn product of an aluminum plate having a mounting flange around it. Yes, there is a gap between the top surface of the water cooling jacket and the tips of the fins, and there are two parts on the top surface that are deeper drawn than the others, and a water supply port and a drain port are opened at the same part. The casing of a water-cooled chiller of an electric element, which is characterized in that 前記水冷ジャケットが、1000系、3000系又は6000系のアルミニウム板からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング。 The casing of a water-cooled chiller for an electric element according to claim 1 , wherein the water cooling jacket is made of a 1000 series, 3000 series, or 6000 series aluminum plate. 前記アルミニウム板の熱伝導率が120W/(m・K)以上であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載された電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング。 The casing of a water-cooled chiller for an electric element according to claim 2 , wherein the aluminum plate has a thermal conductivity of 120 W/(m·K) or more. 前記水冷ジャケットが、1000系、3000系又は6000系のアルミニウム板からなる心材層と、前記心材層の片面を覆う7000系のアルミニウム板からなる犠牲陽極材層のクラッド材からなり、前記犠牲陽極材層が前記流路側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング。 The water cooling jacket comprises a core material layer made of a 1000 series, 3000 series or 6000 series aluminum plate and a clad material of a sacrificial anode material layer made of a 7000 series aluminum plate covering one surface of the core material layer. The casing for a water-cooled chiller for an electric element according to claim 1 , wherein a layer is disposed on the flow path side. 前記心材層のアルミニウム板の熱伝導率が120W/(m・K)以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載された電気素子の水冷式冷却機のケーシング。 The casing of a water-cooled cooler for an electric element according to claim 4 , wherein the aluminum plate of the core material layer has a thermal conductivity of 120 W/(m·K) or more.
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