JP6718354B2 - Incineration treatment method of waste - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for incinerating waste containing combustible substances.

Wastes containing harmful PCBs which are currently prohibited from use are detoxified by being incinerated in a dedicated incinerator. As a method for incinerating PCB-containing waste, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which PCB-containing waste is stored in a container such as a drum can whose upper side is open, and in that state, the drum can is carried into a furnace for heat treatment. Is disclosed.

By the way, as a waste material containing PCB, there is a waste material containing a large amount of combustible material such as a capacitor element composed of insulating paper and aluminum foil. For example, the insulating paper in the element is impregnated with PCB contaminated oil, and the amount of heat generated during incineration becomes large. If a large amount of waste containing such combustibles is carried into the incinerator at once, the amount of heat generated by the combustion reaction becomes too large. As a result, the temperature of the incinerator exceeds the upper limit of the allowable temperature, and the furnace material of the incinerator may deteriorate or be damaged. Further, there is a concern that a temporary lack of oxygen due to a rapid combustion reaction may lead to an increase in the CO concentration in the furnace and an increase in the exhaust gas treatment load for reducing the CO concentration.

As a method of preventing those problems, Patent Document 2 discloses an incineration treatment device provided with a sprinkler device in a passage for introducing combustible materials. In Patent Document 2, excessive combustion is suppressed by adjusting the amount of water sprayed on the combustible material.

JP, 2011-56504, A JP, 2016-90148, A

However, the incinerator of Patent Document 2 can delay the combustion start timing of the waste by sprinkling water, but the combustion of the waste put into the incinerator at the same timing is the same after the waste is put in. It will be started in time. Therefore, even with the incineration treatment device of Patent Document 2, a large amount of waste that is input at the same timing is still burned at once. Therefore, such concerns as deterioration and damage of the furnace material of the incinerator and an increase in the load of exhaust gas treatment due to an increase in CO concentration cannot be resolved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to suppress a large amount of the waste carried into an incinerator from being burned at once in the incineration of waste containing combustible materials. ..

The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method for incineration of waste containing combustible material, which has a liquid storage property and has an opening, and the waste is stored in each of a plurality of storage areas, And, the incineration target unit configured by putting the boiling liquid in the storage area so that the amounts of the boiling liquid in the storage areas are different from each other is carried into an incinerator, and the waste is incinerated. It is characterized by performing processing.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in the incineration process of the waste containing a combustible material, it can suppress that the waste carried into the incinerator burns in large quantities at once.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the incinerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the accommodation state of the waste material which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same functional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the incineration process of waste containing PCB will be described as an example. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator 10 for incinerating the waste W has a carry-in standby chamber 11 in which the waste W before the heat treatment stands by, a treatment chamber 12 for performing the heat treatment of the waste W, and a heat treatment. It is provided with a carry-out waiting chamber 13 in which the later waste W stands by. Doors 14 that can be opened and closed are provided between the carry-in waiting chamber 11 and the processing chamber 12 and between the processing chamber 12 and the carrying-out waiting chamber 13.

The processing chamber 12 includes a temperature raising unit 12a that heats the waste W, a temperature holding unit 12b that holds the temperature of the heated waste W, and a cooling unit 12c that cools the waste W. An exhaust pipe 15 for exhausting exhaust gas generated in the processing chamber is connected to the temperature raising section 12a of the processing chamber 12. The waste W is stored in the drum can 3 placed on the trolley 2 and having an open upper portion. Note that, in FIG. 1, a state in which one drum 3 is placed on the trolley 2 is simply shown in order to explain the structure of the incinerator 10, but in more detail, as shown in FIG. There are three drums 3 mounted on.

Next, a waste incineration method according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the waste W is stored in each of the three drums, and each drum 3 is placed on the trolley 2. In this embodiment, the total amount of waste W stored in the three drums 3 is equal to the amount of waste placed on one conventional truck.

Then, water is put into two drums 3 among the three drums 3. At this time, the amounts of water put into the two drums 3 are different from each other. On the other hand, the remaining one drum 3 is not filled with water. In this way, the amounts of water in the drums containing the waste W are made different from each other. In the following description, the three drums 3 in which the waste W is stored and the amounts of water are different from each other are collectively referred to as “incineration target unit U”. In the method of treating waste according to the present embodiment, a plurality of incineration target units U are provided, and each incineration target unit U is sequentially carried into the incinerator 10. Further, in the following description, the drum can 3 containing no water is the first drum can 3a, and the drum can 3 having the smaller amount of water out of the two drums 3 containing water is the second drum can 3b. The drum can 3 having the larger amount is referred to as a third drum can 3c. Moreover, waste contained in the first drum 3a first waste W _1, the waste contained in the second drum 3b first waste W _2, the third drum 3c The stored waste is referred to as a third waste W ₃ .

While the amount of water in each drum 3 is different, the truck 2 is loaded into the incinerator, and the incineration target unit U reaches the processing chamber 12 via the loading standby chamber 11. Here, the waste W in each drum can is heated. At this time, the first waste W ₁ is in contact with the atmosphere in the processing chamber inside the first drum 3 a, and is burned prior to the second waste W ₂ and the third waste W _3. Be started. On the other hand, the second waste W ₂ and the third waste W ₃ are in a state in which the inside of the second drum 3 b and the inside of the third drum 3 c are filled with water vapor, respectively, and the second waste W 2 The combustion of the _second and third waste W ₃ is not started. However, by heating the water in the second drum can 3b and the third drum can 3c, the evaporation rate is increased and the amount of water is reduced. During this period, the amount of heat generated in the first drum 3a increases due to the combustion of combustible substances contained in the first waste W ₁ , but since the waste of one drum can is excessively burned, the excess amount per trolley. The amount of heat generated by combustion is smaller than before.

Evaporation of water proceeds for storing the second drum 3b, the water which has been stored in the second drum 3b is eliminated, and the second waste W temperature of ₂ increases further, the combustion is started .. By this time, the peak of combustion at which the amount of heat generated by the excessive combustion of the first waste W ₁ is maximized has passed. Therefore, water is further evaporated in the second drum 3b, by the time the second waste W ₂ is to peak of combustion, the calorific value of the first waste W ₁ is smaller or the combustion itself Has already ended. On the other hand, in the third drum can 3c in which more water is stored than in the second drum can 3b, the water still remains, and the combustion of the _third waste W3 is not started.

Then, the water of the third drum 3c evaporation proceeds, the water which has been stored in the third drum 3c is eliminated, a third waste W ₃ temperature further rises, the combustion is started .. By this time, the peak of combustion of the _second waste W ₂ has passed. Therefore, water is further evaporated in the third drum 3c, by the time the third waste W ₃ is peaking of combustion or calorific value of the second waste W ₂ is smaller, the combustion itself Has already ended.

Then, the combustion of the third waste W ₃ is completed while passing through the processing chamber 12, and the unit U to be incinerated is carried out of the furnace via the carry-out waiting chamber 13.

As described above, in the waste incineration treatment method according to the present embodiment, the waste W is divided into three drums 3 and accommodated, and the waste W is incinerated while the amount of water in each drum is different. Bring it into the furnace. By incinerating the waste in this state, it is possible to shift the generation timing of the combustion peak of the waste W stored in each drum 3. That is, it is possible to avoid a large amount of the waste W that is carried in at the same timing from burning at once, and it is possible to suppress deterioration or damage of the furnace material due to excessive heat generation due to simultaneous combustion of the waste. .. Further, since the rapid combustion reaction can be suppressed, the increase in CO concentration can be suppressed, and the load of exhaust gas treatment can be reduced.

Further, in the waste incineration processing method according to the present embodiment, since the generation timing of the combustion peak of the waste W stored in each drum 3 can be freely controlled, for example, among the inner furnace materials of the incinerator, Applications such as extending the life of the incinerator as a whole by controlling so that combustion peaks do not occur at locations where deterioration due to combustion gas is likely to proceed are possible.

In the present embodiment, the waste containing PCB is the incineration target, but the incineration target may not contain PCB as long as it is a waste containing a combustible material.

Further, in the present embodiment, one of the three drums does not contain water, but when a plurality of drums are used, water may be contained in all the drums. Even in this case, if the amount of water in each drum is different from each other, it is possible to shift the combustion start timing of each waste.

Further, although water is put in the drum can 3 in the present embodiment, what is put in the drum can 3 is not limited to water. Any non-combustible liquid or liquid hydrate having a boiling point higher than the temperature outside the furnace of the incinerator and lower than the temperature inside the furnace may be used. In the present invention, such liquid or liquid hydrate is referred to as "boiling liquid". The boiling liquid is preferably water from the viewpoint that it has no effect on the furnace, the exhaust gas, and the incineration process and the amount can be easily adjusted. Further, the amount of the boilable liquid to be put into each drum 3 is appropriately changed according to the type of the liquid used as the boilable liquid and the speed of evaporation of the boilable liquid in the furnace. It is preferable to adjust the amount so that the waste in the other drums starts to burn before the waste in the other drums starts to burn.

Further, in the present embodiment, the waste W is stored in the drum 3 whose upper part is opened, but the entire upper part of the container to be stored does not necessarily have to be open, and the boiling liquid in the furnace chamber is not necessarily opened. It suffices to provide an opening for discharging the evaporated gas from the container when the gas is evaporated. Furthermore, the container for storing the waste W is not limited to the drum 3 and may be another container. It is preferable that the container has an open upper portion from the viewpoint of easy water filling and easy transportation.

Further, in the present embodiment, the waste is divided into three drums 3 to be stored, but the number of the drums 3 is not limited to this. Alternatively, the inside of one drum can 3 may be partitioned and a plurality of storage areas for storing waste may be provided in the drum can 3. Even in this case, the boiling liquid is stored in each accommodation area, the boiling liquid evaporates with the passage of time in the furnace, the amount decreases, and the combustion starts at the timing when the liquid runs out. .. That is, each accommodation area may have a structure having a liquid storage property capable of storing the boiling liquid. However, outflow or inflow of the boiling liquid is allowed within a range that does not impair the purpose of shifting the combustion timing. When partitioning the inside of one drum to provide a plurality of storage areas, waste is stored in each storage area, and the amount of the boiling liquid in each storage area is different from each other. The drums will be the unit to be incinerated. That is, the "incineration target unit" means that the waste is stored in each of a plurality of storage areas having a liquid storage property and having an opening, and the amount of the boiling liquid in each storage area. Is a group of accommodation areas in which the boilable liquid is contained in the accommodation area so that the respective states are different.

In view of the above points, in order to prevent a large amount of waste from being burned at once, the waste is stored in each of a plurality of storage areas having a liquid storage property and having an opening. And, the incineration target unit configured by putting the boiling liquid in the storage area so that the amount of the boiling liquid in each storage area is different may be carried into the incinerator to perform the incineration process. .. The structure of the incinerator is not limited to that described in this embodiment. For example, the furnace may be configured such that each room is not partitioned and the unit to be incinerated continues to move without stopping halfway. Even in this case, since the wastes are burned at different timings within the unit to be incinerated, it is possible to avoid burning a large amount of the wastes at the same time as in the above embodiment.

Further, in the present embodiment, the waste W is transported by the carriage 2, but the transport mechanism is not limited to this. From the viewpoint that the incineration process can be performed in a state in which the waste W or water is unlikely to spill, it is preferable to use a trolley as the transport mechanism.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and of course, the technical scope of the present invention is also applicable to them. Understood to belong to.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The incineration treatment method according to the present invention can be particularly suitably used in an incinerator that performs incineration treatment with a door of a processing chamber being closed (hereinafter referred to as a closed incinerator). This is because, in the closed type incinerator as in the above-described embodiment, since the target of the incineration process is intermittently loaded and unloaded, in order to improve the processing efficiency, the target of the incineration process is loaded as much as possible at one time. This is because the combustible material is likely to burn in large quantities at once. The waste incinerator containing the PCB of the above embodiment is a typical example of a closed incinerator.

The capacitor element was incinerated by the incineration method according to the present invention. First, 40 kg of the capacitor element was accommodated in three drums of 200 liters each having an open upper part, and water was added as a boiling liquid to two of the three drums. Subsequently, the drums were placed on one trolley together with the amounts of water in the three drums being 0 liter, 20 liter, and 40 liter. After that, the truck carrying the drums was carried into the incinerator to incinerate the waste. The capacitor element has a structure in which insulating paper impregnated with PCB-containing oil, which is a combustible material, and aluminum foil are superposed and wound in a roll and enclosed in a package.

When the temperature inside the furnace during the incineration process was measured after the drums were carried into the furnace, a rapid temperature increase was observed three times at intervals, and the combustion peak reached at different timing for each drum. Was confirmed. The maximum value of the temperature inside the furnace when the temperature was raised was 970° C. or lower, which is the upper limit of the allowable temperature of the furnace, when the temperature was raised three times. Moreover, when the CO concentration after the exhaust gas treatment was measured, the CO concentration was less than 100 ppm, which is the emission standard.

As also shown in this example, according to the waste incineration method of the present invention, it is possible to shift the combustion peak of the waste, which causes deterioration of the furnace material and CO due to excessive combustion of the waste. An increase in concentration can be suppressed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to incineration treatment of PCB-containing waste.

2 dolly 3 drum can 3a first drum 3b second drum 3c third drum 10 incinerator 11 loading standby chamber 12 processing chamber 12a temperature raising part 12b temperature holding part 12c cooling part 13 unloading standby chamber 14 door 15 exhaust pipe U Unit to be incinerated W Waste W ₁ First waste W ₂ Second waste W ₃ Third waste

Claims (4)

A method for incinerating waste containing combustible materials,
The waste is stored in each of a plurality of storage areas having a liquid storage property and having an opening,
And the amount of the boiling liquid in each storage area is carried into the incinerator the incineration target unit constituted by being put in the storage area so that the boiling liquid is in a different state,
A method for incineration of waste, comprising incineration of the waste. The waste incineration method according to claim 1, wherein each of the storage areas is an area in a plurality of containers having an open top. The waste incineration method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a carriage is used to convey the waste stored in the storage area. The incineration method for waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste is a waste containing PCB.

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