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JP6802980B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery - Google Patents
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JP6802980B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery - Google Patents

Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery Download PDF

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JP6802980B2
JP6802980B2 JP2017057736A JP2017057736A JP6802980B2 JP 6802980 B2 JP6802980 B2 JP 6802980B2 JP 2017057736 A JP2017057736 A JP 2017057736A JP 2017057736 A JP2017057736 A JP 2017057736A JP 6802980 B2 JP6802980 B2 JP 6802980B2
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battery case
battery
gasket
lid
terminal
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JP2018160405A (en
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幸司 梅村
幸司 梅村
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Description

本発明は、非水電解液二次電池に関する。 The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.

リチウムイオン二次電池、ナトリウムイオン二次電池その他の非水電解液二次電池は、車両搭載用電源あるいはパソコンや携帯端末等の電源として重要性が高まっている。特に、軽量で高エネルギー密度が得られるリチウムイオン二次電池は、車両搭載用高出力電源として好ましく用いられている。 Lithium-ion secondary batteries, sodium-ion secondary batteries, and other non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries are becoming increasingly important as power sources for vehicles or as power sources for personal computers, mobile terminals, and the like. In particular, a lithium ion secondary battery that is lightweight and has a high energy density is preferably used as a high output power source for mounting on a vehicle.

車両搭載用高出力電源として用いられる非水電解液二次電池は、例えば、電池ケース本体および蓋体が溶接された電池ケースと、この電池ケース内に収容された電極体と、この電極体と電気的に接続された集電端子(正極集電端子および負極集電端子)と、上記蓋体の外面(電池ケースの外側の面をいう。以下同じ。)に設けられた外部接続用の端子(正極端子および負極端子)とを備えており、上記蓋体に貫通形成された貫通孔を介して上記正負極集電端子と上記正負極端子とが電気的に接続された構成を有する。また、上記貫通孔の周縁は、電池ケースの内側において上記蓋体と集電端子との間に絶縁性のガスケットを挟持して密着させることにより、封止(シーリング)とともに電池ケースと集電端子との絶縁が行われている。 The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery used as a high-power power source for mounting on a vehicle includes, for example, a battery case in which a battery case body and a lid are welded, an electrode body housed in the battery case, and the electrode body. Electrically connected current collecting terminals (positive electrode current collecting terminal and negative electrode current collecting terminal) and terminals for external connection provided on the outer surface of the lid (referred to as the outer surface of the battery case; the same shall apply hereinafter). It is provided with (positive electrode terminal and negative electrode terminal), and has a configuration in which the positive and negative electrode current collecting terminals and the positive and negative electrode terminals are electrically connected via a through hole formed through the lid. Further, the peripheral edge of the through hole is brought into close contact with the battery case by sandwiching an insulating gasket between the lid and the current collecting terminal inside the battery case to seal the battery case and the current collecting terminal. Is insulated from.

上記ガスケットとして、例えば特許文献1に記載のものが知られている。特許文献1に記載のガスケット(特許文献1の図2)は、正極端子部材(特許文献1の図1)と電池ケース蓋の内面側との間に挾持される絶縁介在部を有する。絶縁介在部は合成樹脂からなり、結晶化度が絶縁介在部以外の部分(挿入部および絶縁側壁部)の結晶化度よりも高い。このため、絶縁介在部の密度が高いため、電解液を構成する分子が絶縁介在部を透過し難いので、電解液がガスケットの内部を通って電池の外部へ漏れ出るおそれがない。 As the gasket, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. The gasket described in Patent Document 1 (FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1) has an insulating interposition portion held between the positive electrode terminal member (FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1) and the inner surface side of the battery case lid. The insulating intervening portion is made of a synthetic resin, and the crystallinity is higher than the crystallinity of the portion other than the insulating intervening portion (insertion portion and insulating side wall portion). Therefore, since the density of the insulating interposition is high, it is difficult for the molecules constituting the electrolytic solution to permeate the insulating interposition, so that the electrolytic solution does not leak to the outside of the battery through the inside of the gasket.

特開2014−029839号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-029839

ところで、電解液が非水系溶媒で構成される非水電解液二次電池は、充放電や過充電あるいは高温下の保存などにより、二酸化炭素(CO)等のガスが電池ケースの内部で発生する場合がある。また、電池内部に水分が浸入し、電池特性が劣化して上記のようなガスが発生することもある。
そこで、非水電解液二次電池では、電池ケースの内部で発生したガスを電池ケースの外部に排出するためのガス排出弁が蓋体に設けられている。また、非水電解液二次電池では、電池が過充電状態になったときに当該電池の電流通路を遮断する圧力作動型の電流遮断機構(CID:Current Interrupt Device)が備えられている。また、非水電解液に所定の電池電圧を超えた際に分解してガス(例えばCOガス)を発生し得るガス発生剤を含むリチウムイオン二次電池がある。ガス発生剤は、電池が過充電状態になったときに分解されて所定の種のガスを発生する。そして、そのガス圧により、電池ケース内の内圧が上昇し、その圧力上昇を検知した電流遮断機構が作動するように構成されている。
By the way, in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which the electrolyte is composed of a non-aqueous solvent, gas such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is generated inside the battery case due to charging / discharging, overcharging, or storage at a high temperature. May be done. In addition, moisture may penetrate into the battery, the battery characteristics may deteriorate, and the above gas may be generated.
Therefore, in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a gas discharge valve for discharging the gas generated inside the battery case to the outside of the battery case is provided on the lid. Further, the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided with a pressure-operated current interrupt device (CID: Current Interrupt Device) that cuts off the current passage of the battery when the battery is overcharged. Further, there is a lithium ion secondary battery containing a gas generating agent that can decompose into a non-aqueous electrolytic solution to generate a gas (for example, CO 2 gas) when a predetermined battery voltage is exceeded. The gas generating agent is decomposed to generate a predetermined kind of gas when the battery is overcharged. Then, the internal pressure inside the battery case rises due to the gas pressure, and the current cutoff mechanism that detects the pressure rise operates.

しかし、蓋体と集電端子との間に介在されたガスケットの密度が過剰に高いと、一酸化炭素(CO)や二酸化炭素(CO)等のガスの電池外部への透過が抑制され、電池内圧が上昇し易くなるため、電流遮断機構および/またはガス排出弁が想定外に早く作動してしまう等の誤作動が起こり得る。また、逆に、ガスケットの密度が低くなりすぎると、電池ケースの外部から電池ケースの内部に浸入する水分量の増加および非水電解液の電池ケース外部への漏れが起こり得るため、好ましくない。 However, if the density of the gasket interposed between the lid and the current collecting terminal is excessively high, the permeation of gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the outside of the battery is suppressed. Since the internal pressure of the battery tends to rise, malfunctions such as the current cutoff mechanism and / or the gas discharge valve operating unexpectedly quickly may occur. On the contrary, if the density of the gasket is too low, the amount of water that penetrates into the battery case from the outside of the battery case may increase and the non-aqueous electrolyte solution may leak to the outside of the battery case, which is not preferable.

そこで、本発明は、上記諸課題を解決するべく創出されたものであり、電池ケース外部からケース内部への水分の浸入および電池ケース内部から外部への電解液の漏れを抑制することと、電池ケースの内圧上昇による電流遮断機構およびガス排出弁の誤作動防止とを両立することができる非水電解液二次電池を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been created to solve the above problems, and suppresses the infiltration of water from the outside of the battery case into the inside of the case and the leakage of the electrolytic solution from the inside of the battery case to the outside of the battery. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of achieving both a current cutoff mechanism due to an increase in the internal pressure of a case and prevention of malfunction of a gas discharge valve.

上記目的を実現するべく、本発明は、
開口部を有する電池ケース本体と、該開口部を塞ぐ蓋体と、該蓋体の外面側に設けられた外部接続用の接続端子とを備える電池ケースと、
前記電池ケースの内部に収容される電極体と、
一端が前記電池ケースの内部において前記電極体と電気的に接続されており、他端が前記蓋体に設けられた貫通孔を介して前記接続端子と電気的に接続される集電端子と、
前記電池ケースの内部において前記蓋体と前記集電端子との間に挟持され、該蓋体と集電端子との間を封止する合成樹脂製のガスケットと、
を備える非水電解液二次電池を提供する。
そして、ここで開示される非水電解液二次電池では、前記集電端子の一部の領域であって前記電池ケースの内部で前記ガスケットと密接する領域において、該ガスケットの表面と電池ケース内部空間とを連通する貫通孔が設けられていることを特徴とする。
In order to realize the above object, the present invention
A battery case body having an opening, a lid closing the opening, and a battery case provided with a connection terminal for external connection provided on the outer surface side of the lid.
The electrode body housed inside the battery case and
One end is electrically connected to the electrode body inside the battery case, and the other end is a current collecting terminal electrically connected to the connection terminal through a through hole provided in the lid body.
A synthetic resin gasket that is sandwiched between the lid and the current collecting terminal inside the battery case and seals between the lid and the current collecting terminal.
Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising.
Then, in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed here, the surface of the gasket and the inside of the battery case are in a part of the current collecting terminal and in a region close to the gasket inside the battery case. It is characterized in that it is provided with a through hole that communicates with the space.

電池内部で発生した二酸化炭素ガスやその他のガス種の分子は小さいため、ガスケットを形成する合成樹脂の高分子鎖間隙を通過し易い。即ち、二酸化炭素ガス等のガスはガスケットに溶解する速度よりもガスケット内の拡散速度が速い。換言すると、二酸化炭素ガス等のガスがガスケットを透過する速度を考えた場合、ガスがガスケット表面に接触して当該ガスケットに溶解する速度が律速過程になっている。
このことに対し、ここで開示される非水電解液二次電池では、上記集電端子の一領域であって電池ケースの内部においてガスケットに密接する領域に上記貫通孔が形成されていることを特徴とする。かかる領域に貫通孔を形成することにより、電池ケースの封止状態を維持しつつ、電池ケースの内部において、該貫通孔を介してガスケットのケース内部空間に露出する面積(即ち、電池ケース内で発生したガスが直接接触し得るケース内側の露出表面積)の増大が実現し、その増大分だけガスケットに対する二酸化炭素ガス等のガスの透過量を増加させることができる。
したがって、ここで開示される非水電解液二次電池によれば、電池ケースの内圧上昇による電流遮断機構およびガス排出弁の誤作動を防止することができる。
Since the molecules of carbon dioxide gas and other gas types generated inside the battery are small, they easily pass through the polymer chain gaps of the synthetic resin forming the gasket. That is, a gas such as carbon dioxide gas has a diffusion rate in the gasket faster than the rate at which it dissolves in the gasket. In other words, when considering the speed at which a gas such as carbon dioxide gas permeates the gasket, the speed at which the gas comes into contact with the surface of the gasket and dissolves in the gasket is the rate-determining process.
On the other hand, in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed here, the through hole is formed in a region of the current collecting terminal that is in close contact with the gasket inside the battery case. It is a feature. By forming a through hole in such a region, the area exposed to the internal space of the gasket case through the through hole inside the battery case (that is, in the battery case) while maintaining the sealed state of the battery case. The exposed surface area inside the case where the generated gas can come into direct contact) is increased, and the permeation amount of gas such as carbon dioxide gas to the gasket can be increased by the increase.
Therefore, according to the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed here, it is possible to prevent malfunction of the current shutoff mechanism and the gas discharge valve due to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery case.

また、ガスケットにおける電池ケースの内部に露出する表面積が上記貫通孔によって増大すると、ガスケットに対する非水電解液の接触量も増加し得るが、非水電解液構成成分(典型的には非水系溶媒)の分子は大きいため、ガスケットを形成する合成樹脂の高分子鎖間隙を実質的に通過できない。即ち、非水電解液がガスケットを透過する速度を考えた場合、非水電解液のガスケット内における拡散速度が拡散律速になっている。
したがって、ガスケットにおける電池ケースの内部に露出する面積を増加させても、非水電解液の電池ケース外部への漏れを阻むことができる。
さらに、電池外部からガスケットを透過して電池内部に浸入する水分量を考えた場合、ガスケットのうち電池外部に露出している部分への溶解が律速過程になっている。
したがって、上記貫通孔の存在によってガスケットにおける電池ケースの内部に露出する表面積を増大させても、電池外部から電池内部に浸入する水分量の増加を抑制することができる。
即ち、ここで開示される非水電解液二次電池によれば、電池ケース外部から内部への水分の浸入および電池ケース内部から外部への非水電解液の漏れをともに抑制することができる。
Further, when the surface area exposed inside the battery case in the gasket is increased by the through hole, the contact amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution with the gasket may be increased, but the non-aqueous electrolyte solution component (typically a non-aqueous solvent). Because the molecules of the are large, they cannot substantially pass through the polymer chain gaps of the synthetic resin forming the gasket. That is, when considering the rate at which the non-aqueous electrolytic solution permeates the gasket, the diffusion rate of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution in the gasket is diffusion-controlled.
Therefore, even if the area of the gasket exposed inside the battery case is increased, it is possible to prevent the non-aqueous electrolyte solution from leaking to the outside of the battery case.
Further, when considering the amount of water that permeates the gasket from the outside of the battery and enters the inside of the battery, dissolution in the portion of the gasket exposed to the outside of the battery is a rate-determining process.
Therefore, even if the surface area of the gasket exposed inside the battery case is increased due to the presence of the through hole, it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of water that penetrates into the battery from the outside of the battery.
That is, according to the non-aqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery disclosed here, it is possible to suppress both the infiltration of water from the outside to the inside of the battery case and the leakage of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution from the inside to the outside of the battery case.

ここで開示される非水電解液二次電池の一実施形態であるリチウムイオン二次電池の外形を模式的に示す部分断面図である。It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows typically the outer shape of the lithium ion secondary battery which is one Embodiment of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed here. 図1に示すリチウムイオン二次電池に備えられた蓋体および集電端子を示す分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view which shows the lid and the current collecting terminal provided in the lithium ion secondary battery shown in FIG. 図1に示すリチウムイオン二次電池の正極側の絶縁構造を模式的に示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows typically the insulation structure of the positive electrode side of the lithium ion secondary battery shown in FIG. 1. 一実施形態に係る集電端子(正極内部端子)に設けられた貫通孔を模式的に示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows typically the through hole provided in the current collecting terminal (positive electrode internal terminal) which concerns on one Embodiment. 貫通孔の形成によるCO透過量および水分透過量の変動を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the fluctuation of the amount of CO 2 permeation and the amount of water permeation due to the formation of a through hole.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による実施の形態を説明する。なお、本明細書において特に言及している事項以外の事柄であって本発明の実施に必要な事柄(例えば、本発明を特徴付けない電池の一般的な構成および製造プロセス)は、当該分野における従来技術に基づく当業者の設計事項として把握され得る。本発明は、本明細書に開示されている内容と当該分野における技術常識とに基づいて実施することができる。また、各図面においては、同じ作用を奏する部材・部位には同じ符号を付している。また、各図における寸法関係(長さ、幅、厚さ等)は実際の寸法関係を反映するものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Matters other than those specifically mentioned in the present specification and necessary for carrying out the present invention (for example, general configurations and manufacturing processes of batteries that do not characterize the present invention) are in the art. It can be grasped as a design matter of a person skilled in the art based on the prior art. The present invention can be carried out based on the contents disclosed in the present specification and common general technical knowledge in the art. Further, in each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to members / parts having the same action. In addition, the dimensional relationships (length, width, thickness, etc.) in each figure do not reflect the actual dimensional relationships.

本明細書において「二次電池」とは、繰り返し充放電可能な蓄電デバイス一般をいい、リチウムイオン二次電池等のいわゆる蓄電池ならびに電気二重層キャパシタ等の蓄電素子を包含する用語である。また、「非水電解液二次電池」とは、非水電解液(即ち、非水溶媒中に支持電解質を含む電解液)を備えた二次電池をいう。また、「リチウムイオン二次電池」とは、電荷担体としてリチウムイオンを利用し、正負極間のリチウムイオンの移動により充放電が行われる二次電池をいう。
以下、扁平角型のリチウムイオン二次電池を例にして、本発明について詳細に説明する。なお、以下で説明する実施形態は、本発明をかかる実施形態に記載されたものに限定することを意図したものではない。
As used herein, the term "secondary battery" generally refers to a power storage device that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and is a term that includes a so-called storage battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery and a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor. Further, the "non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery" refers to a secondary battery provided with a non-aqueous electrolyte solution (that is, an electrolytic solution containing a supporting electrolyte in a non-aqueous solvent). Further, the "lithium ion secondary battery" refers to a secondary battery that uses lithium ions as a charge carrier and is charged and discharged by the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by taking a flat-angle type lithium ion secondary battery as an example. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are not intended to limit the present invention to those described in such embodiments.

図1は、本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池の外形を模式的に示す部分断面図であり、図2は、図1に示すリチウムイオン二次電池に備えられた蓋体および集電端子を示す分解斜視図である。なお、以下の説明では、リチウムイオン二次電池を単に電池という場合もある。
本実施形態に係るリチウムイオン二次電池10は、電池ケース20に、所定の電池構成材料を具備する捲回電極体30が適当な非水電解液とともに収容された構成を有する。本実施形態では、リチウムイオン二次電池10は角型電池であるが、電池の形状は角型に限定されず、円柱形状等であってもよい。
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing the outer shape of the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a lid and a current collecting terminal provided in the lithium ion secondary battery shown in FIG. It is an exploded perspective view which shows. In the following description, the lithium ion secondary battery may be simply referred to as a battery.
The lithium ion secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which a wound electrode body 30 having a predetermined battery constituent material is housed in a battery case 20 together with a suitable non-aqueous electrolytic solution. In the present embodiment, the lithium ion secondary battery 10 is a square battery, but the shape of the battery is not limited to the square shape and may be a cylindrical shape or the like.

電池ケース20は、扁平かつ有底の直方体形状に形成されたいわゆる角型の電池ケース本体21と、この電池ケース本体21の上部にて開口形成された開口部21Aと、その開口部21Aを塞ぐ蓋体22とを備える。詳しくは、電池ケース本体21の開口部21Aに蓋体22が嵌め込まれ、蓋体22の外縁と開口部21Aの周囲の電池ケース本体21との合わせ目25をレーザ溶接することにより蓋体22が電池ケース本体21に固定され、電池ケース内部を密閉する。 The battery case 20 closes a so-called square battery case main body 21 formed in a flat and bottomed rectangular parallelepiped shape, an opening 21A formed in an opening at the upper portion of the battery case main body 21, and the opening 21A. It includes a lid 22. Specifically, the lid 22 is fitted into the opening 21A of the battery case body 21, and the lid 22 is formed by laser welding the joint 25 between the outer edge of the lid 22 and the battery case body 21 around the opening 21A. It is fixed to the battery case body 21 and seals the inside of the battery case.

電池ケース20の材質は、従来の非水電解液二次電池で使用されるものと同じであればよく、特に制限はない。軽量で熱伝導性の良い金属材料を主体に構成された電池ケース20が好ましく、このような金属製材料としてアルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、ニッケルめっき鋼等が例示される。本実施形態に用いられる電池ケース20(具体的には電池ケース本体21および蓋体22)はアルミニウムもしくはアルミニウムを主体とする合金によって構成されている。 The material of the battery case 20 may be the same as that used in the conventional non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and is not particularly limited. A battery case 20 mainly made of a lightweight metal material having good thermal conductivity is preferable, and examples of such a metal material include aluminum, stainless steel, and nickel-plated steel. The battery case 20 (specifically, the battery case main body 21 and the lid 22) used in the present embodiment is made of aluminum or an alloy mainly composed of aluminum.

蓋体22の外形は、開口部21Aの形状(電池ケース本体21の開口形状)に適合する略長方形状である。蓋体22の中央部には、電池ケース20の内圧が上昇した場合に該ケースの内外を連通させて内圧を開放するためのガス排出弁27が設けられている。ガス排出弁27の隣には、電池製造時に電解液を注入するための注入口28が設けられている。注入口28には注液栓29が被せられ、溶接により固定されている。このことにより、注入口28の封止(密閉)が行われている。 The outer shape of the lid 22 is a substantially rectangular shape that matches the shape of the opening 21A (the opening shape of the battery case main body 21). A gas discharge valve 27 is provided at the center of the lid 22 to allow the inside and outside of the battery case 20 to communicate with each other to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery case 20 rises. Next to the gas discharge valve 27, an injection port 28 for injecting an electrolytic solution during battery production is provided. The injection port 28 is covered with a liquid injection plug 29 and fixed by welding. As a result, the injection port 28 is sealed (sealed).

捲回電極体30は、電池ケース本体21に、その捲回軸が蓋体22とほぼ並行になるように横倒しとなる姿勢で収容されている。捲回電極体30は、通常のリチウムイオン二次電池の捲回電極体と同様、シート状の正極(正極シート)32および負極(負極シート)34間にシート状のセパレータ(セパレータシート)36を介在させつつ積層して長手方向に捲回し、拉げさせることによって作製され得る。 The winding electrode body 30 is housed in the battery case main body 21 in a posture in which the winding electrode body 30 is laid on its side so that its winding shaft is substantially parallel to the lid body 22. The wound electrode body 30 has a sheet-shaped separator (separator sheet) 36 between the sheet-shaped positive electrode (positive electrode sheet) 32 and the negative electrode (negative electrode sheet) 34, similarly to the wound electrode body of a normal lithium ion secondary battery. It can be produced by laminating with interposition, winding in the longitudinal direction, and squeezing.

捲回電極体30を構成する材料および部材自体は、従来のリチウムイオン二次電池に備えられる電極体と同様でよく、特に制限はない。本実施形態の捲回電極体30は、長尺状の正極集電体(例えばアルミニウム箔)上に正極活物質層を有する正極シート32と、長尺状の負極集電体(例えば銅箔)上に負極活物質層を有する負極シート34と、セパレータシート36とを含む。 The material and the member itself constituting the wound electrode body 30 may be the same as the electrode body provided in the conventional lithium ion secondary battery, and are not particularly limited. The wound electrode body 30 of the present embodiment has a positive electrode sheet 32 having a positive electrode active material layer on a long positive electrode current collector (for example, aluminum foil) and a long negative electrode current collector (for example, copper foil). A negative electrode sheet 34 having a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode sheet 34 and a separator sheet 36 are included.

正極活物質としては、一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池の正極に用いられる層状構造の酸化物系活物質、スピネル構造の酸化物系活物質等を好ましく用いることができる。かかる活物質の代表例として、リチウムコバルト系酸化物、リチウムニッケル系酸化物、リチウムマンガン系酸化物等のリチウム遷移金属酸化物が挙げられる。負極活物質としては、黒鉛(グラファイト)、難黒鉛化炭素(ハードカーボン)、易黒鉛化炭素(ソフトカーボン)等の炭素材料が挙げられる。
セパレータシート36としては、例えばポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエステル、セルロース、ポリアミド等の樹脂からなる多孔質シート、不織布等を用いることができる。
As the positive electrode active material, a layered oxide-based active material, a spinel-structured oxide-based active material, or the like used for the positive electrode of a general lithium ion secondary battery can be preferably used. Typical examples of such active materials include lithium transition metal oxides such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, and lithium manganese oxide. Examples of the negative electrode active material include carbon materials such as graphite (graphite), non-graphitized carbon (hard carbon), and easily graphitized carbon (soft carbon).
As the separator sheet 36, for example, a porous sheet made of a resin such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyester, cellulose, or polyamide, a non-woven fabric, or the like can be used.

正極シート32と負極シート34との間に介在される非水電解液は、適当な非水系溶媒に支持塩を含有するものであり、リチウムイオン二次電池用途のものとして従来公知の非水電解液を特に制限なく採用することができる。例えば、非水系溶媒として、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)等を用いることができる。また、支持塩としては、例えば、LiPF等のリチウム塩を好適に用いることができる。 The non-aqueous electrolytic solution interposed between the positive electrode sheet 32 and the negative electrode sheet 34 contains a supporting salt in an appropriate non-aqueous solvent, and is conventionally known as a non-aqueous electrolytic solution for lithium ion secondary batteries. The liquid can be used without particular limitation. For example, as the non-aqueous solvent, ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and the like can be used. Further, as the supporting salt, for example, a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 can be preferably used.

正極シート32には正極集電端子40が、負極シート34には負極集電端子80がそれぞれ溶接され、電気的に接続されている。これらの集電端子40,80は、蓋体22の長手方向の一方の端部近傍および他方の端部近傍にそれぞれ設けられた正極用および負極用の端子引出孔(貫通孔)242,244をそれぞれ貫通して、電池ケース20の内部から外部に引き出されている。正極集電端子40は、図1および図2に示すように、主として電池ケース20の内側に位置する正極内部端子420と、主として電池ケース20の外側に位置する正極外部端子460とが電気的に接続された構成を有する。負極集電端子80もまた、正極側と概ね同形状に形成された負極内部端子820と負極外部端子860とが電気的に接続された構成を有する。
以下、本実施形態に係る端子構造を主として正極側で詳細に説明し、ほぼ同形状の端子構造を備える負極側については、説明を簡略化ないしは省略することとする。
The positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 is welded to the positive electrode sheet 32, and the negative electrode current collecting terminal 80 is welded to the negative electrode sheet 34 and electrically connected to each other. These current collecting terminals 40 and 80 have terminal extraction holes (through holes) 242 and 244 for the positive electrode and the negative electrode provided in the vicinity of one end and the vicinity of the other end of the lid 22 in the longitudinal direction, respectively. Each of them penetrates and is pulled out from the inside of the battery case 20 to the outside. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 is electrically formed by the positive electrode internal terminal 420 located mainly inside the battery case 20 and the positive electrode external terminal 460 mainly located outside the battery case 20. Has a connected configuration. The negative electrode current collecting terminal 80 also has a configuration in which the negative electrode internal terminal 820 and the negative electrode external terminal 860 formed in substantially the same shape as the positive electrode side are electrically connected.
Hereinafter, the terminal structure according to the present embodiment will be described in detail mainly on the positive electrode side, and the description on the negative electrode side having a terminal structure having substantially the same shape will be simplified or omitted.

図2に示すように、正極内部端子420は、その下端422Aが正極シート32に、例えば超音波溶接によって接合され、電気的に接続されている。正極内部端子420は、下端422Aから蓋体22に対して略垂直に延びる板状(帯状)の第一リード部422と、第一リード部の上端に続いて形成され該上端から略直角に(図2では図の奥側から手前に)曲がって蓋体22の内面(電池ケースの内側の面をいう。以下同じ。)と略平行に広がる平板状の第二リード部424と、第二リード部の板面中央部から電池の外方向に略垂直に延びる突出部426とを備える。突出部426はリベット部として構成されており、端子引出孔242および正極外部端子460の貫通孔(リベット孔)462Aに上記リベット部を貫通させてかしめることにより、正極内部端子420と正極外部端子460とが接続(締結)されている。正極内部端子420および正極外部端子460の構成材料としては導電性のよい金属材料が好ましく、典型的にはアルミニウムが用いられる。
第二リード部424は、詳しくは後述するガスケット500と密接する領域に相当し、ガスケッ500の表面と電池ケース内部空間とを連通する貫通孔が設けられているが、このことは後述する。
As shown in FIG. 2, the lower end 422A of the positive electrode internal terminal 420 is bonded to the positive electrode sheet 32 by, for example, ultrasonic welding, and is electrically connected. The positive electrode internal terminal 420 is formed following the plate-shaped (strip-shaped) first lead portion 422 extending substantially perpendicular to the lid 22 from the lower end 422A and the upper end of the first lead portion, and is formed substantially at right angles to the upper end ( In FIG. 2, a flat plate-shaped second lead portion 424 and a second lead that bends (from the back side to the front side in the drawing) and spreads substantially parallel to the inner surface of the lid 22 (referred to as the inner surface of the battery case; the same applies hereinafter). A protrusion 426 extending substantially perpendicularly to the outside of the battery from the central portion of the plate surface of the portion is provided. The protruding portion 426 is configured as a rivet portion, and the positive electrode internal terminal 420 and the positive electrode external terminal are formed by crimping the rivet portion through the through hole (rivet hole) 462A of the terminal lead-out hole 242 and the positive electrode external terminal 460. It is connected (fastened) to 460. As a constituent material of the positive electrode internal terminal 420 and the positive electrode external terminal 460, a metal material having good conductivity is preferable, and aluminum is typically used.
The second lead portion 424 corresponds to a region in close contact with the gasket 500, which will be described in detail later, and is provided with a through hole for communicating the surface of the gas bucket 500 and the internal space of the battery case, which will be described later.

図2に示すように、正極外部端子460は、上記かしめ前において突出部426を挿通可能な貫通孔462Aを有する第一接続部462と、第一接続部462から蓋体22の長手方向中央側に続き、電池ケース20の外方に階段状に持ち上がって形成された第二接続部(外側端部)464とを有する。図2に示すように、第二接続部464には、本実施形態に係る外部接続用の接続端子に相当する端子ボルト670の軸部674を挿通可能なボルト挿通孔464Aが形成されている。ボルト挿通孔464Aに端子ボルト670の軸部674を下から上に通し、第二接続部464から上方に軸部674を突出させる。そして、図示しない固定用ナットを締め付けることにより、正極外部端子460に端子ボルト670を連結(固定)することができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the positive electrode external terminal 460 has a first connecting portion 462 having a through hole 462A through which the protruding portion 426 can be inserted before the caulking, and a central side in the longitudinal direction from the first connecting portion 462 to the lid 22. Following the above, the battery case 20 has a second connecting portion (outer end portion) 464 formed by being lifted in a staircase pattern. As shown in FIG. 2, the second connection portion 464 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 464A through which the shaft portion 674 of the terminal bolt 670 corresponding to the connection terminal for external connection according to the present embodiment can be inserted. The shaft portion 674 of the terminal bolt 670 is passed through the bolt insertion hole 464A from the bottom to the top, and the shaft portion 674 is projected upward from the second connection portion 464. Then, by tightening a fixing nut (not shown), the terminal bolt 670 can be connected (fixed) to the positive electrode external terminal 460.

図2に示すように、本実施形態に係るガスケット500は、圧縮可能な弾性のある合成樹脂製であり、中心に正極集電端子40の突出部426を挿通するための貫通孔が設けられ、その周囲は平板状に形成された部材である。そして、ガスケット500の一方の幅広面は、蓋体の内面側に密接され、他方の幅広面は、正極内部端子420の第二リード部424に密接されるように配置されている。図3に示すように、ガスケット500の外周面と、蓋体22の内面との間には隙間22Bが形成されており、その隙間22Bによって、ガスケット500の一部(外周面)は、電池ケース内部に露出した状態になっている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the gasket 500 according to the present embodiment is made of a compressible elastic synthetic resin, and has a through hole at the center for inserting the protruding portion 426 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40. The periphery thereof is a member formed in a flat plate shape. Then, one wide surface of the gasket 500 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the inner surface side of the lid, and the other wide surface is arranged so as to be in close contact with the second lead portion 424 of the positive electrode internal terminal 420. As shown in FIG. 3, a gap 22B is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the gasket 500 and the inner surface of the lid 22, and the gap 22B allows a part (outer peripheral surface) of the gasket 500 to be a battery case. It is exposed inside.

ガスケット500の構成材料としては、特に限定するものではないが、好適例として、疎水性のポリオレフィン系樹脂(例、ポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリエチレン(PE))、フッ素系樹脂(例、パーフルオロアルコキシアルカン(PFA)、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE))等の合成樹脂材料が挙げられる。これら材料は、高分子鎖とその集合体によって形成されており、二酸化炭素ガス等のガスが高分子鎖間隙を透過し易い。 The constituent material of the gasket 500 is not particularly limited, but preferred examples include a hydrophobic polyolefin resin (eg polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE)) and a fluororesin (eg perfluoroalkoxy alkane). (PFA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) and other synthetic resin materials can be mentioned. These materials are formed by polymer chains and their aggregates, and gases such as carbon dioxide gas easily permeate through the polymer chain gaps.

そして、上記かしめは、端子引出孔242を囲む蓋体22の内面と第二リード部424との間にガスケット500を挟持し、さらに、端子引出孔242を囲む蓋体22の外面と正極外部端子460の第一接続部462との間に、詳しくは後述するインシュレータ60を挟持することによって行われる。
かかるかしめにより、正極集電端子40を蓋体22に固定するとともに、蓋体22と正極集電端子40の第二リード部424との間でガスケット500が圧縮されることにより、端子引出孔242の周囲が封止(シール)されている。
また、ガスケット500により、電池ケース20(蓋体22の内面)と正極集電端子40(第二リード部424)とが相互に直接接触することが阻まれており、これにより、蓋体22(電池ケース20)および正極集電端子40が絶縁されている。
Then, the caulking sandwiches the gasket 500 between the inner surface of the lid 22 surrounding the terminal outlet hole 242 and the second lead portion 424, and further, the outer surface of the lid 22 surrounding the terminal outlet hole 242 and the positive electrode outer terminal. This is done by sandwiching an insulator 60, which will be described in detail later, between the first connection portion 462 of the 460.
By such caulking, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 is fixed to the lid 22, and the gasket 500 is compressed between the lid 22 and the second lead portion 424 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40, whereby the terminal outlet hole 242 The circumference of the lid is sealed.
Further, the gasket 500 prevents the battery case 20 (inner surface of the lid 22) and the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 (second lead portion 424) from coming into direct contact with each other, whereby the lid 22 (the lid 22 (inner surface) The battery case 20) and the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 are insulated.

インシュレータ60は、端子引出孔242を囲む蓋体22の上面(表面)と正極外部端子460の第一接続部462との間に挟まれる取付部620と、正極外部端子460の第二接続部464と蓋体22との間に延びる延長部640とを有する。取付部620は、蓋体22の外面に沿って広がる皿部を有する。この皿部の窪みに合わせて正極外部端子460の第一接続部462が配置されている。
延長部640には、インシュレータ60の長手方向(蓋体22の長手方向と一致する。)を長辺とする長方形状の開口形状を有し、端子ボルト670の頭部672を受け入れ可能なボルト受け穴642が形成されている。頭部672は、端子ボルト670の軸に垂直な断面における形状がボルト受け穴642の開口形状よりも一回り小さな長方形状となるように形成されている。端子ボルト670は、頭部672がボルト受け穴642に挿入されることで回転が制限され(共回りが阻止され)、かつ軸部674が正極外部端子460のボルト挿通孔464Aを通して突出するように配置(装着)されている。
The insulator 60 includes a mounting portion 620 sandwiched between the upper surface (surface) of the lid 22 surrounding the terminal lead-out hole 242 and the first connecting portion 462 of the positive electrode external terminal 460, and the second connecting portion 464 of the positive electrode external terminal 460. It has an extension 640 extending between the lid 22 and the lid 22. The mounting portion 620 has a countersunk portion that extends along the outer surface of the lid 22. The first connection portion 462 of the positive electrode external terminal 460 is arranged in accordance with the recess of the dish portion.
The extension portion 640 has a rectangular opening shape having a long side in the longitudinal direction of the insulator 60 (corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the lid 22), and is a bolt receiver capable of receiving the head 672 of the terminal bolt 670. A hole 642 is formed. The head head 672 is formed so that the shape in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the terminal bolt 670 is a rectangular shape slightly smaller than the opening shape of the bolt receiving hole 642. The terminal bolt 670 is restricted in rotation by inserting the head 672 into the bolt receiving hole 642 (co-rotation is prevented), and the shaft portion 674 projects through the bolt insertion hole 464A of the positive electrode external terminal 460. It is arranged (mounted).

かかるインシュレータ60により、電池ケース20(蓋体22の外面)と正極外部端子460(第一接続部462)とが絶縁されている。即ち、インシュレータ60が正極外部端子460と、蓋体22の外面245との間に挟持されることによって、正極外部端子460と蓋体22(電池ケース20)とが相互に直接接触することが阻まれており、これにより、蓋体22(電池ケース20)および正極外部端子460が絶縁されている。 The battery case 20 (outer surface of the lid 22) and the positive electrode external terminal 460 (first connection portion 462) are insulated by the insulator 60. That is, by sandwiching the insulator 60 between the positive electrode external terminal 460 and the outer surface 245 of the lid 22, the positive electrode external terminal 460 and the lid 22 (battery case 20) are prevented from coming into direct contact with each other. The lid 22 (battery case 20) and the positive electrode external terminal 460 are insulated from each other.

図3および図4に示すように、本実施形態に係る正極集電端子40を構成する正極内部端子420の一領域である第二リード部424には、複数の貫通孔425が形成されている。かかる貫通孔425は、ガスケット500の表面(即ち第二リード部424と密接する側の表面)と電池ケース内部空間とを連通するように形成されている。このことにより、図3において矢印で示すように、当該貫通孔425を介してガスケット500の当該表面の一部が電池ケース内部空間に露出することとなり、当該露出面積の増大が実現されている。
このように、正極内部端子420の一領域である第二リード部424に貫通孔425を形成することにより、ガスケット500の電池ケース内部空間に露出する面積が増大するため、電池ケース20の内部で発生した二酸化炭素ガス等のガスがガスケット500と接触する面積を増加させることができる。
なお、貫通孔425の数や形状は特に限定されない。図4に示す本実施形態に係る貫通孔425は、突出部426の周囲に形成された複数の円形状の孔であるが、この形状に限定されない。例えば、突出部426の周囲に、長溝状に形成された、一つ若しくは複数の長溝状貫通孔(貫通溝とも表現し得る)であってもよい。
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of through holes 425 are formed in the second lead portion 424 which is one region of the positive electrode internal terminal 420 constituting the positive electrode current collecting terminal 40 according to the present embodiment. .. The through hole 425 is formed so as to communicate the surface of the gasket 500 (that is, the surface on the side in close contact with the second lead portion 424) and the internal space of the battery case. As a result, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 3, a part of the surface of the gasket 500 is exposed to the internal space of the battery case through the through hole 425, and the exposed area is increased.
In this way, by forming the through hole 425 in the second lead portion 424 which is one region of the positive electrode internal terminal 420, the area exposed to the battery case internal space of the gasket 500 increases, so that the inside of the battery case 20 The area where the generated gas such as carbon dioxide gas comes into contact with the gasket 500 can be increased.
The number and shape of the through holes 425 are not particularly limited. The through hole 425 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a plurality of circular holes formed around the protrusion 426, but is not limited to this shape. For example, one or a plurality of long groove-shaped through holes (which may also be expressed as through grooves) formed in a long groove shape around the protrusion 426 may be used.

なお、本実施形態のリチウムイオン二次電池10における負極側の構造は、負極集電端子80の材質を除いては正極側と概ね同様である。すなわち、負極シート34には負極集電端子80の一端が、例えば抵抗溶接により電気的に接続されている。この負極集電端子80は、正極内部端子420と概ね同じ形状に形成された負極内部端子820(上記の貫通孔425を含む。)と負極外部端子860とを備え、負極内部端子820の突出部(リベット部)を負極外部端子860の第一接続部にかしめることにより負極内部端子820と負極外部端子860とが電気的に接続されている。上記かしめは、正極側と同様に、端子820,860の間にガスケット500、蓋体22およびインシュレータ60を挟んで行われる。ガスケット500は正極側のものと同様でよい。また、負極内部端子820および負極外部端子860の構成材料としては導電性のよい金属材料が好ましく、例えば銅が用いられる。ガスケット500、インシュレータ60の材質や形状は正極側と同様でよい。 The structure of the lithium ion secondary battery 10 of the present embodiment on the negative electrode side is substantially the same as that on the positive electrode side except for the material of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 80. That is, one end of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 80 is electrically connected to the negative electrode sheet 34 by, for example, resistance welding. The negative electrode current collecting terminal 80 includes a negative electrode internal terminal 820 (including the above-mentioned through hole 425) and a negative electrode external terminal 860 formed in substantially the same shape as the positive electrode internal terminal 420, and a protruding portion of the negative electrode internal terminal 820. The negative electrode internal terminal 820 and the negative electrode external terminal 860 are electrically connected by crimping the (rivet portion) to the first connection portion of the negative electrode external terminal 860. Similar to the positive electrode side, the caulking is performed by sandwiching the gasket 500, the lid 22 and the insulator 60 between the terminals 820 and 860. The gasket 500 may be the same as that on the positive electrode side. Further, as a constituent material of the negative electrode internal terminal 820 and the negative electrode external terminal 860, a metal material having good conductivity is preferable, and for example, copper is used. The material and shape of the gasket 500 and the insulator 60 may be the same as those on the positive electrode side.

以下、本発明に関する試験例を説明するが、本発明をかかる具体例に示すものに限定することを意図したものではない。 Hereinafter, test examples relating to the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not intended to be limited to those shown in such specific examples.

本試験例では、電池内部からガスケット500を透過して電池外部へ漏れる二酸化炭素ガスの透過量と、電池外部からガスケット500を透過して電池内部に浸入する水分の透過量とを測定した。
具体的には、図1および図2に示すような扁平角型のリチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。ここでは、図4に示すものと同様に、貫通孔が正負極内部端子の第二リード部にそれぞれ設けられた正負極集電端子を使用して構築した電池を実施例とし、かかる貫通孔が正負極内部端子の第二リード部に全く形成されていない正負極集電端子を使用して構築した電池を比較例とした。なお、図示されたものと同様、貫通孔(本実施例では直径0.8mmの貫通孔)は全部で12箇所形成した。
In this test example, the permeation amount of carbon dioxide gas that permeates the gasket 500 from the inside of the battery and leaks to the outside of the battery and the permeation amount of the moisture that permeates the gasket 500 from the outside of the battery and enters the inside of the battery are measured.
Specifically, a flat-angle lithium-ion secondary battery as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced. Here, as in the case of FIG. 4, a battery constructed by using positive and negative electrode current collecting terminals in which through holes are provided in the second lead portions of the positive and negative electrode internal terminals is used as an example, and the through holes are formed. A battery constructed by using a positive / negative electrode current collecting terminal that is not formed at all on the second lead portion of the positive / negative electrode internal terminal was used as a comparative example. Similar to the illustrated one, a total of 12 through holes (through holes having a diameter of 0.8 mm in this embodiment) were formed.

そして、実施例および比較例の扁平角型リチウムイオン二次電池を60℃の環境下で1ヶ月保存し、電池内部から電池外部へ漏れる二酸化炭素ガス(CO)の透過量[μg]を測定した。この測定は、同じ環境下で2回行った。
また、実施例および比較例の扁平角型リチウムイオン二次電池を60℃、98%RHの環境下で1ヶ月保存し、電池外部から電池内部に浸入する水分の透過量[μg]を測定した。この測定も同じ環境下で2回行った。結果を図5のグラフに示す。
Then, the flat-angle lithium-ion secondary batteries of Examples and Comparative Examples are stored in an environment of 60 ° C. for one month, and the permeation amount [μg] of carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) leaking from the inside of the battery to the outside of the battery is measured. did. This measurement was performed twice under the same environment.
In addition, the flat-angle lithium-ion secondary batteries of Examples and Comparative Examples were stored for 1 month in an environment of 60 ° C. and 98% RH, and the permeation amount [μg] of water entering the battery from the outside of the battery was measured. .. This measurement was also performed twice under the same environment. The results are shown in the graph of FIG.

図5のグラフに示すように、貫通孔を設けたことにより、ガスケットの電池ケース内部における露出面積が増大すると、二酸化炭素ガス(CO)の透過量は増加した。一方、水分透過量は殆ど変化しなかった。
即ち、本試験例により、ガスケットの電池内部における露出面積を増大させることにより、電池内部に発生した二酸化炭素ガス等のガスが電池外部へ透過する透過量を増加させることができ、かつ、電池外部から電池内部に浸入する水分の透過量の増加を抑制できることが示された。
As shown in the graph of FIG. 5, the permeation amount of carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) increased as the exposed area of the gasket inside the battery case increased due to the provision of the through holes. On the other hand, the amount of water permeated hardly changed.
That is, according to this test example, by increasing the exposed area of the gasket inside the battery, it is possible to increase the amount of permeation of gas such as carbon dioxide gas generated inside the battery to the outside of the battery, and the outside of the battery. It was shown that the increase in the amount of water permeated into the battery can be suppressed.

電池内部で発生した二酸化炭素ガスの分子は小さいため、ガスケットを形成する合成樹脂の高分子鎖間隙を通過し易い。即ち、二酸化炭素ガス等のガスはガスケットに溶解する速度よりもガスケット内の拡散速度が速い。換言すると、二酸化炭素ガス等のガスがガスケットを透過する速度を考えた場合、ガスがガスケットに溶解する速度が律速過程になっていると考えられる。このため、ガスケットの電池内部における露出面積を増大させることにより、ガスケットに対する二酸化炭素ガス等のガスの透過量が増加したと判断した。
また、電池外部からガスケットを透過して電池内部に浸入する水分量を考えた場合、ガスケットのうち電池外部に露出している面への溶解が律速過程になっていると考えられる。このため、ガスケットの電池内部への露出面積を増加させても電池外部から電池内部に浸入する水分量の増加を抑制することができる。
さらに、ガスケットの電池内部における露出面積が増大すると、ガスケットに対する非水電解液の溶解量も増加し得るが、非水電解液を構成する成分(非水系溶媒)の分子は大きいため、ガスケットを形成する合成樹脂の高分子鎖間隙を通過し難い。即ち、非水電解液がガスケットを透過する速度を考えた場合、非水電解液のガスケット内における拡散速度が拡散律速になっていると考えられる。このため、ガスケットの電池内部における露出面積を増大させても非水電解液の電池ケース外部への漏れを抑止することができる。
Since the molecules of carbon dioxide gas generated inside the battery are small, they easily pass through the polymer chain gaps of the synthetic resin forming the gasket. That is, a gas such as carbon dioxide gas has a diffusion rate in the gasket faster than the rate at which it dissolves in the gasket. In other words, when considering the speed at which a gas such as carbon dioxide gas permeates the gasket, it is considered that the speed at which the gas dissolves in the gasket is the rate-determining process. Therefore, it was determined that the permeation amount of gas such as carbon dioxide gas to the gasket increased by increasing the exposed area inside the battery of the gasket.
Further, when considering the amount of water that permeates the gasket from the outside of the battery and enters the inside of the battery, it is considered that the dissolution of the gasket on the surface exposed to the outside of the battery is a rate-determining process. Therefore, even if the exposed area of the gasket inside the battery is increased, it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of water that penetrates into the battery from the outside of the battery.
Further, when the exposed area of the gasket inside the battery increases, the amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte dissolved in the gasket can also increase, but since the molecules of the components (non-aqueous solvent) constituting the non-aqueous electrolyte are large, the gasket is formed. It is difficult to pass through the polymer chain gap of the synthetic resin. That is, when considering the rate at which the non-aqueous electrolytic solution permeates the gasket, it is considered that the diffusion rate of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution in the gasket is diffusion-controlled. Therefore, even if the exposed area inside the battery of the gasket is increased, it is possible to prevent the non-aqueous electrolyte solution from leaking to the outside of the battery case.

本試験例でも明らかなように、ここで開示される貫通孔を有する端子構造を備えたリチウムイオン二次電池によれば、電池ケースの外部から電池ケースの内部に浸入する水分量および非水電解液の漏れを抑制することと、電池ケースの内圧上昇による電流遮断機構およびガス排出弁(ガス排出弁)の誤作動防止とを両立することができる。
本実施形態のリチウムイオン二次電池は、ハイブリッド車や、電気自動車等の車両の駆動用電源等に好適である。車両駆動用電源は、複数の二次電池を組み合わせた組電池としてもよい。
As is clear from this test example, according to the lithium ion secondary battery having a terminal structure having a through hole disclosed here, the amount of water that penetrates into the inside of the battery case from the outside of the battery case and non-aqueous electrolysis. It is possible to achieve both suppression of liquid leakage and prevention of malfunction of the current shutoff mechanism and the gas discharge valve (gas discharge valve) due to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery case.
The lithium ion secondary battery of the present embodiment is suitable as a power source for driving a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The vehicle driving power source may be an assembled battery in which a plurality of secondary batteries are combined.

10 リチウムイオン二次電池(非水電解液二次電池)
20 電池ケース
21 電池ケース本体
22 蓋体
30 捲回電極体
32 正極シート
34 負極シート
36 セパレータシート
40 正極集電端子
60 インシュレータ
80 負極集電端子
242 端子引出孔
420 正極内部端子
422 第一リード部
424 第二リード部
425 貫通孔
426 突出部
460 正極外部端子
670 端子ボルト(接続端子)
500 ガスケット
820 負極内部端子
860 負極外部端子
10 Lithium-ion secondary battery (non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery)
20 Battery case 21 Battery case body 22 Lid body 30 Winding electrode body 32 Positive electrode sheet 34 Negative electrode sheet 36 Separator sheet 40 Positive electrode current collecting terminal 60 Insulator 80 Negative electrode current collecting terminal 242 Terminal outlet hole 420 Positive electrode internal terminal 422 First lead portion 424 Second lead part 425 Through hole 426 Protruding part 460 Positive electrode external terminal 670 Terminal bolt (connection terminal)
500 Gasket 820 Negative electrode internal terminal 860 Negative electrode external terminal

Claims (2)

開口部を有する電池ケース本体と、該開口部を塞ぐ蓋体と、該蓋体の外面側に設けられた外部接続用の接続端子とを備える電池ケースと、
前記電池ケースの内部に収容される電極体と、
一端が前記電池ケースの内部において前記電極体と電気的に接続されており、他端が前記蓋体に設けられた貫通孔を介して前記接続端子と電気的に接続される集電端子と、
前記電池ケースの内部において前記蓋体と前記集電端子との間に挟持され、該蓋体と集電端子との間を封止する合成樹脂製のガスケットと、
を備える非水電解液二次電池であって、
前記集電端子の一部の領域であって前記電池ケースの内部で前記ガスケットと密接する領域において、該ガスケットの表面と電池ケース内部空間とを連通する複数の貫通孔が設けられており、
ここで、前記ガスケットは平板状であり、該ガスケットの幅広な平面と前記電池ケースの内部空間との間に、前記集電端子に設けられた前記複数の貫通孔が、その孔内に前記ガスケットの一部が収容されていない状態で介在していることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。
A battery case body having an opening, a lid closing the opening, and a battery case provided with a connection terminal for external connection provided on the outer surface side of the lid.
The electrode body housed inside the battery case and
One end is electrically connected to the electrode body inside the battery case, and the other end is a current collecting terminal electrically connected to the connection terminal through a through hole provided in the lid body.
A synthetic resin gasket that is sandwiched between the lid and the current collecting terminal inside the battery case and seals between the lid and the current collecting terminal.
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery equipped with
A plurality of through holes for communicating the surface of the gasket and the internal space of the battery case are provided in a part of the current collecting terminal and in a region close to the gasket inside the battery case .
Here, the gasket has a flat plate shape, and the plurality of through holes provided in the current collecting terminal are formed in the holes between the wide flat surface of the gasket and the internal space of the battery case. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery characterized in that a part of the battery is intervened in an uncontained state .
前記複数の貫通孔は、円形状または長溝状である、請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。The non-aqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of through holes are circular or elongated grooves.
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