JP6889461B2 - How to operate the power generator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of operating a power generation device of a city / town / village.

An object of the invention of Patent Document 1 is to reduce the energy loss in the condenser 18 while reducing the size of the condenser 18. In the power generation device 10 of Patent Document 1, the evaporation means 14 for evaporating the working medium liquid (hot water) and the working medium steam (high-pressure steam) generated by the evaporation means 14 are introduced into the expander 16 to introduce the generator 24. A power generation means 25 that drives and generates power, a condenser 18 that condenses the working medium vapor discharged from the expander 16, and a user-side heat exchanger 22 that utilizes the heat of the working medium liquid condensed by the condenser 18. However, the working medium liquid (hot water) is supplied to the evaporation means 14 via a circulation circuit 12 including a hot water pressure feed pump 38 (reference numeral is that of Patent Document 1). In addition, unlike the present invention, it does not effectively utilize local water sources such as rivers, groundwater, and lake water.

By the way, in recent years, a "solar power generation project" in which a solar panel is placed on a local land has been frequently carried out. However, this solar power project has a problem that nature is destroyed because it aims to increase the installation area by cutting down the forest in the area.
Patent Document 2 discloses a method of utilizing the heat generated by woody bass omas. In Patent Document 2, a gas turbine generator is driven by combustion gas, and the electric power generated by the gas turbine generator is used as a light source for a greenhouse or a light source for a wood drying chamber.
However, like Patent Document 1, this Patent Document 2 does not effectively utilize water sources such as rivers, groundwater, lake water, etc. in the region and woody biomass in the region, and therefore does not activate the forest business in the region. Absent.

Therefore, at present, there is a demand for the emergence of power generation devices that take into consideration not only the environmental aspect but also the economic and social aspects of the region.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-214430 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-180746

The present invention is provided with a power generating device capable of effectively utilizing the heat source comprising a woody biomass of any water source and the area of river or lake area in the city, town, village area, in the region municipality, It is to propose the operation method of the local power generation equipment operated in cooperation with the local forestry association and local people. The woody biomass is imported when it is necessary to protect the forests in the region because the fuel for domestic biomass power generation is generally insufficient when the supply of thinned wood is restricted depending on the region. It may contain woody biomass.

This operation method uses the surplus high-pressure steam of the high-pressure steam used for the first power generation in the area for both the local heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying room, thereby converting fossil fuel as a heat source into woody biomass. This is to reduce carbon dioxide gas. In addition, this operation method uses the surplus of high-pressure steam used for the first power generation for the second generator, increases the amount of power generation in the area as a whole, and activates the area in terms of economy, environment, and society. Is to plan. In addition, the control unit adjusts the flow rate of the water supply path, adjusts the pressure of the steam generation tank, manages the water quality of the water source, and the like. The term "region" as used herein refers to the division of cities, towns, and villages.

The operation method of the power generation device of the present invention includes a water supply step of pumping water from either a local river or lake water to a steam generating means using a water supply pump and a water supply path, and the steam obtained in this water supply step. A steam generation step of converting the high-pressure steam into high-pressure steam by the generating means, a high-pressure steam introduction step of introducing the high-pressure steam generated in the steam generating step into the steam injection means, and a high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft by the steam injection means. A first power generation process in which a first generator is driven by force to generate power, a heat utilization process in which excess high-pressure steam that has passed through the first power generation process is introduced into a heat utilization means on the downstream side, and the heat utilization process. It is a method of operating a power generation device including a fuel supply step of supplying the woody biomass of the area dried in the woody biomass drying chamber to the steam generating means.
The steam generating means in the steam generating step is a woody biomass boiler using woody biomass in the area as a heat source, and the heat utilizing means in the heat utilizing step introduces excess high-pressure steam that has undergone the first power generation step. In the heat utilization facility of the area and the main body of the drying chamber having a predetermined space, a heater arranged in a meandering manner so as to guide at least the excess high-pressure steam in one direction and a drying table on which woody biomass for drying is placed are installed. It is a woody biomass drying chamber provided , and is characterized in that a second power generation process of driving a second generator with the surplus high-pressure steam to generate power is further added to the heat utilization means of the heat utilization process. And.

In the above configuration, the power generation device includes a control unit, and a water level sensor is arranged in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit controls the rotation speed of the water supply pump based on the detection signal of the water level sensor. It is characterized by adjusting the flow rate of the water supply path.

In addition, the power generation device includes a control unit, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit opens and closes the steam discharge valve provided in the woody biomass boiler based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor. By controlling, the pressure of the steam generation tank of the woody biomass boiler is adjusted. Further, the water supply process is characterized in that it includes a water quality control process for controlling the water quality. Furthermore, it is characterized by including a fuel supply step of supplying the woody biomass dried in the woody biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of the woody biomass boiler.

In the present specification, the term "first power generation means" includes a steam generating means, a steam injection means, and a first generator. Further, the second power generation means includes a second generator that utilizes the steam generated by the steam generation means of the first power generation means.

(A) Since the invention according to claim 1 requires continuous production of woody biomass fuel in the region, new businesses such as agriculture and forestry are created in the region, and this new business creates employment in the region. Secured. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the expansion of the local population and the outflow of young human resources to the city (social revitalization). In addition, by enabling planned logging of thinned wood in the area, it will lead to fertile forests, and it will be possible to increase the amount of carbon dioxide gas absorbed per unit area of the forest, and in the case of installing solar panels. Since it is not necessary to clear a wide area of forest as in the case of the above, problems such as flood damage and troubles with residents do not occur. Furthermore, when the surplus high-pressure steam used for power generation is used for local heat utilization equipment (for example, hot bath equipment using heat utilization equipment, hospitals, roads, vinyl houses, etc.), so-called heat sharing becomes possible. At the same time, since the fossil fuel as a heat source currently used by the heat utilization equipment can be replaced with woody biomass, carbon dioxide gas can be reduced (contribution to the environment). On the other hand, since the surplus high-pressure steam that uses the water source of either the river or lake in the area for power generation is used in the woody biomass drying chamber, the woody biomass in the area can be used cyclically and efficiently. Furthermore, it will be possible to significantly reduce fuel costs and heating and cooling costs, and it will also be possible to sell wood fuel to the outside, which is derived from the expansion of production of wood biomass fuel, so it is possible to expect an increase in local profits from agriculture and forestry. (Economic effect). In addition , the surplus high-pressure steam can be reused to generate power in the second power generation device, so that the total amount of power generation can be increased. Further, since the combustion furnace of the woody biomass boiler includes a fuel supply step of supplying the woody biomass dried in the woody biomass drying chamber, the woody biomass can be burned cyclically and efficiently.
(B) The present invention is a power generation device by using a water source in an area such as a river or lake, and generating electricity by using a woody biomass boiler and a steam turbine on the upstream side using the woody biomass in the area as a heat source. You can reduce the amount of investment in. In addition, since the Electricity Business Act is not applied to the first power generation means of the present invention and the Industrial Safety and Health Act is applied, the installation cost of the power generation device can be reduced.
(C) In the present invention, the surplus high-pressure steam (exhausted steam) that drives the first power generation means is used for both the local heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying chamber, thereby achieving economic, environmental, and social aspects. It is possible to further revitalize the region in Japan.
(D) In the invention according to claim 2 , the power generation device Y as a whole includes one or a plurality of control units, and a water level sensor is arranged in a woody biomass boiler, and the control unit is a water level sensor. By controlling the rotation speed of the water supply pump based on the detection signal of, the flow rate of the water supply path can be adjusted.
(E) The invention according to claim 3 is that a pressure sensor is provided in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit controls the opening and closing of the steam discharge valve provided in the woody biomass boiler based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor. Therefore, the pressure in the steam generation tank of the woody biomass boiler can be adjusted.
(F) In the invention according to claim 4 , since the water supply process includes a water quality control process for controlling the water quality, it is possible to always supply clean water.

1 to 8 are explanatory views showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
The process chart which shows the operation method X of a power generation apparatus. The schematic explanatory view of the power generation apparatus Y used for the operation method. Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the 1st power generation means of the 1st power generation process (the supply means is also shown). The block diagram which shows the control target of the control part 7. Schematic cross-sectional view of a local heat utilization facility (an example used for a hot water bath). Explanatory view from a plan view. Schematic explanatory view from the perspective of the woody biomass drying chamber. Schematic cross-sectional explanatory view of a woody biomass drying chamber.

1 to 8 are embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an operation method (hereinafter, referred to as “operation method”) of the power generation device. Since FIG. 2 shows the power generation device Y used in the operation method X, the terms of the components of the power generation device Y are used as they are in the operation method X. This operation method X includes at least a water supply step A, a steam generation step B, a high-pressure steam introduction step C, a first power generation step D, and a heat utilization step E, and the heat utilization step E comprises a plurality of heat utilization. Methods E1 and E2 are included.

As will be described later in paragraph 0024 and below, the heat utilization step E is a region where excess high-pressure steam that has passed through the first power generation step D is introduced, preferably connected via a steam distribution means 25 on the first power generation means side. Both the heat utilization equipment E1 and the woody biomass drying chamber E2, and the second power generation process F.

The heat utilization facility E1 in the area is, for example, a hot bath facility using the heat utilization facility, a hospital, a road, a vinyl house, a school, a government office, a house, or the like. Further, in the embodiment, a fuel supply step G for supplying the woody biomass dried in the woody biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of the woody biomass boiler is included (FIG. 3).

First, A is a water supply step in which water is pumped from a water source W in any area of a river or lake water to a steam generating means 11 using a water supply pump 5 and a water supply path 6. This water supply step A includes a water quality management step A1 for controlling the water quality in consideration of the fact that the water source W is contaminated with earth and sand or the like. In the water quality control step A1, a known single or a plurality of known water purification means 4 are arranged in the water storage tank 3. The clean water managed in the water quality control step A1 is pumped to the steam generating means 11 via the water supply pump 5, the water supply path 6, and the like.

By the way, in the embodiment, the water supply pump 5 is controlled by the control unit 7. That is, the power generation device Y includes one or a plurality of control units 7, and a water level sensor 22 is arranged in the woody biomass boiler 11 described later, and the control unit 7 supplies water based on the detection signal of the water level sensor 22. The flow rate of the water supply path 6 is adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 5.

Next, B is a steam generation step in which the water obtained in the water supply step A is converted into high-pressure steam by the steam generating means 11. The heat source of the steam generating means 11 is "woody biomass a". The woody biomass a is dried in the woody biomass drying chamber 50 provided in the area where the forest exists. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the dried woody biomass a is appropriately transported and put into the storage silo 30, and the hopper 32 is passed through a guide pipe 31 connected to the central portion of the lower end of the mortar shape of the storage silo 30. Will be sent to. The woody biomass a sent to the hopper 32 is carried to the combustion furnace 12 via a transport means 33 such as a conveyor and a screw. Therefore, in the embodiment, the fuel supply step G including the storage silo 30, the guide pipe 31, the hopper 32, and the transport means 33 is added.

By the way, the steam generating means 11 is, for example, a "woody bioboiler" having the structure shown in FIG. Since the Electricity Business Act is not applied and the Industrial Safety and Health Act is applied to this woody bioboiler 11 in Japan, the installation cost can be reduced. Here, the configuration of the wood bioboiler will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. 12 is a combustion furnace, 13 is a steam generation tank integrally provided on the upper part of the combustion furnace, 14 is a chimney provided on the outer wall surface of the combustion furnace, and 15 is a high-pressure steam guide tube arranged in contact with the chimney. 16 is a vertical injection chamber integrally provided on the upper surface of the steam generation tank, 17 is a plurality of injection nozzles provided at the insertion tip of the high-pressure steam induction pipe, and 18 is rotatably provided in the injection chamber 16. The internal turbine blades (rotary blades), 19 are the rotating shafts of the turbine blades, 20 are the power transmission means, 21 is the first generator, 22 is the water level sensor, 23 is the pressure sensor, and 24 is the steam discharge valve.

Next, C is a high-pressure steam introduction step of introducing the high-pressure steam generated in the steam generation step B into the injection nozzle 17 arranged in the injection chamber 16. In the embodiment, the above-mentioned high-pressure steam guide pipe 15 has a pair of upper and lower horizontal pipes 15a and 15a at an upper end portion and a portion near the substantially central portion or the lower end portion, and these horizontal pipes form one side wall of the injection chamber 16. It penetrates appropriately. The injection nozzle 17 at the insertion tip of the horizontal pipe 15a is oriented with respect to the receiving plate of the turbine blade 18.

By the way, in the embodiment, the pressure sensor 23 is arranged above the combustion furnace 12 of the woody biomass boiler, and the above-mentioned control unit 7 is provided with the steam discharge valve 24 in the woody biomass boiler based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 23. Control the opening and closing of. Thereby, the pressure of the steam generation tank 13 of the woody biomass boiler 11 is adjusted.

Next, D injects the high-pressure steam into the receiving plate of the turbine blade 18 built in the injection chamber by the injection nozzle 17 of the high-pressure steam introduction step C, and the first power generation is performed by the high-speed rotational force of the turbine blade 18. This is the first power generation process in which the machine 21 is driven to generate power. The electric power generated in this first power generation process can be provided to local heat utilization means and can also be sold.

Next, E is a heat utilization step of introducing the surplus high-pressure steam that has passed through the first power generation step D into the heat utilization means E (equipment E1, chamber E2 ..... light source En). FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically show a "hot water bath" as an example of the heat utilization facility E1 in the area. On the other hand, FIGS. 7 and 8 schematically show a "woody biomass drying chamber" as an example of the regional heat utilization facility E2. Of course, the heat utilization equipments E1 and E2 are not limited to these.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the hot water bath E1, for example, a heater 43 that guides excess high-pressure steam in one direction is arranged in a meandering shape in a space 42 under the floor 41 of the bath body 40. Therefore, the heater 43 is a heat exchanger.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the woody biomass drying chamber E2, similarly to the above-mentioned hot water bath E1, excess high-pressure steam is unidirectionally applied to the space portion 52 of the underfloor 51 of the drying chamber main body 50 having a predetermined space. The heater 53 that guides the heater 53 is arranged in a meandering manner. Therefore, the heater 53 is a heat exchanger. The drying chamber main body 50 is provided with a first duct 54 for introducing air into the drying chamber main body, a discharge duct 55 for discharging moisture to the outside of the drying chamber main body 50, a blower 56, and a woody biomass a for drying. A drying table 57 is appropriately provided. The drying table 57 preferably has a mesh shape. The drying table 57 is a fixed type, but a movable one is desirable.

Finally, in the embodiment of the operation method X, as described above, in the heat utilization step E, the surplus high-pressure steam used for the first power generation is reused to generate the second power generation device to generate power as a whole. The second power generation process F for increasing the amount is added. That is, in the second power generation step F, the second turbine blade 18A that rotates with excess high-pressure steam via the steam introduction port 26 connected to the steam distribution means (for example, steam beg) 25, and the rotational force of the second turbine blade. The second generator 21A is driven to generate electricity. The second generator 21A is smaller than the first generator 21. In the second power generation step F using the second generator 21A, a known condenser that condenses steam may be appropriately used in order to increase the thermal efficiency. When the excess steam that has passed through the second power generation step F is deheated by heat exchange means such as a heat exchanger and a heat exchange tube, it is liquefied and becomes hot water. It can also be used. In the embodiment, the hot water is not liquefied and circulated, and is appropriately used or returned to the water source W.

Although not particularly shown, in the present embodiment, the configurations of the injection nozzle 17, the turbine blade 18, and the power transmission means 20 are shown as an example of the steam injection means, but these configurations are described as “expansion” as in Patent Document 1. It may be replaced with "machine". The inflator is a steam injection means that rotates the rotating shaft 19 of the first generator 21 in the first power generation process D at high speed by the high-pressure steam (working steam) generated in the steam generation tank 13. Therefore, the same applies to the second generator 21A in the second power generation process F.

Further, a magnetic on-off valve 35 that opens and closes according to the control signal of the control unit 7 is provided at the mortar-shaped lower end of the storage silo 30 or at an appropriate position on the guide pipe 31, and when the magnetic on-off valve 35 opens, the storage silo 30 The woody biomass a inside may be configured to fall naturally. With this configuration, the woody biomass a can be automatically placed on the transport means 33.

The present invention is a method of operating a power generation device of a city / town / village.

X ... operation method, Y ... power generation device,
W ... water source, a ... woody biomass,
A ... Water supply process, A1 ... Water quality management process,
B ... Steam generation process,
C ... High-pressure steam introduction process,
D ... 1st power generation process,
E ... Heat utilization process,
E1 ... Local heat utilization equipment,
E2 ... Regional woody biomass drying room,
F ... Second power generation process,
G ... Fuel supply process,
3 ... Water tank,
4 ... Water purification means,
5 ... Water pump,
6 ... Water supply route,
7 ... Control unit,
11 ... Steam generating means (woody biomass boiler),
12 ... Combustion furnace,
13 ... Steam generation tank,
14 ... chimney,
15 ... High-pressure steam induction tube,
16 ... Injection chamber,
17 ... Injection nozzle,
18 ... Turbine blade,
19 ... Axle,
20 ... Power transmission means,
21 ... 1st generator,
21A ... 2nd generator,
22 ... Water level sensor,
23 ... Pressure sensor,
24 ... Steam exhaust valve,
25 ... Steam distribution means,
26 ... Steam introduction port,
30 ... Storage silo,
31 ... Information pipe,
32 ... Hopper,
33 ... Transport means,
35 ... Magnetic on-off valve.

Claims (4)

A water supply process in which water is pumped from either a local river or lake water to a steam generation means using a water supply pump and a water supply path, and a steam generation process in which the water obtained in this water supply process is converted into high-pressure steam by the steam generation means. The high-pressure steam introduction step of introducing the high-pressure steam generated in this steam generation step into the steam injection means, the rotation shaft is rotated at high speed by the steam injection means, and the first generator is driven by the high-speed rotational force. The first power generation process for generating power, the heat utilization process for introducing the surplus high-pressure steam that has passed through the first power generation process into the heat utilization means on the downstream side, and the area dried in the woody biomass drying chamber of the heat utilization process. It is an operation method of a power generation device including a fuel supply process for supplying woody biomass to the steam generating means.
The steam generating means in the steam generating step is a woody biomass boiler using woody biomass in the area as a heat source, and the heat utilizing means in the heat utilization step introduces excess high-pressure steam that has undergone the first power generation step. In the heat utilization facility of the area and the main body of the drying chamber having a predetermined space, a heater arranged in a meandering manner so as to guide at least the excess high-pressure steam in one direction and a drying table on which woody biomass for drying is placed are installed. It is a woody biomass drying chamber provided , and is characterized in that a second power generation step of driving a second generator with the surplus high-pressure steam to generate power is further added to the heat utilization means of the heat utilization step. How to operate the power generator.
In claim 1, the power generation device includes a control unit, a water level sensor is arranged in a woody biomass boiler, and the control unit controls the rotation speed of a water supply pump based on a detection signal of the water level sensor. A method of operating a power generation device, which comprises adjusting the flow rate of a water supply path by doing so.
In claim 1, the power generation device includes a control unit, a pressure sensor is provided in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit is provided in the woody biomass boiler based on a detection signal of the pressure sensor. A method of operating a power generation device, which comprises controlling the pressure of a steam generation tank of a woody biomass boiler by controlling the opening and closing of a steam discharge valve.
The method for operating a power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply process includes a water quality control process for controlling the water quality.

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