JP6905180B2 - Antenna and window glass - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a glass antenna arranged on the surface of a glass plate, and more particularly to an isotropic antenna.

Antennas may be placed on the side windowpanes of automobiles. As an antenna arranged on the side window glass, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-127519), the antenna conductor starts from a feeding point arranged near the upper right side edge of the side window glass plate. A glass antenna is described in which the ground conductor is extended so as to surround the ground conductor in a clockwise direction and substantially goes around, and the ground conductor has an upper ground element extending substantially to the left and a lower ground element extending clockwise. Has been done.

Further, in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-49706), two feeding points, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, are provided near the corners of the side window glass, and at least two wires extending from the feeding points of the positive electrode are provided. A first vertical line in which at least one of the lines is vertically extended toward a corner, and a first horizontal line that branches from the tip or middle of the first vertical line and extends in the horizontal direction. A first element composed of, at least two second horizontal lines extending horizontally from the feeding point of the negative electrode, and a second vertical line extending vertically from the feeding point of the negative electrode. A non-grounded type antenna composed of two elements and having a core wire of a coaxial cable and an outer skin conducting wire connected to each feeding point of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is described.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-127519 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-49706

However, the side window glass has a small range in which the antenna can be arranged, and the desired reception characteristics may not be obtained. Further, since the antenna arranged on the side window glass has directivity directed to the left-right direction of the vehicle, the sensitivity in the front-rear direction is lowered.

Further, since the side window glass is located at the rear of the vehicle, it is susceptible to noise from electronic devices mounted on the rear of the vehicle (for example, a traveling battery and a charge / discharge control device), and in this respect as well, desired reception is possible. The characteristics may not be obtained.

Furthermore, since there are two wires to the side window glass, there are two coaxial cables to connect to the antenna, and two antenna amplifiers are required to be placed near the antenna, which requires a lot of wiring installation work to the antenna. There is a big problem that the component cost increases.

Therefore, an antenna having uniform directivity in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is required. An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna of usability.

That is, the present invention is an antenna arranged along the upper body flange of the window glass of the vehicle, and includes a first antenna and a second antenna arranged adjacent to each other and having different configurations from each other. The antenna extends downward from the first core wire side feeding portion and the first ground side feeding portion to which the feeding cable is connected, and the first core wire side feeding portion, and then extends in a direction away from the first ground side feeding portion. The second antenna has a first element on the core wire side, and the second antenna extends downward from the second core wire side feeding portion and the second ground side feeding portion to which the feeding cable is connected, and the second core wire side feeding portion. It has a third element on the core wire side, and a second element on the ground side that extends from the second ground-side power feeding portion and extends above the second ground-side feeding portion along the upper body flange. The first antenna and the second antenna are such that the first ground side feeding portion and the second ground side feeding portion face each other, and the first antenna is arranged on the center side of the window glass. It is a characteristic antenna.
Further, the present invention is an antenna characterized in that the first antenna does not have a ground side element extending along the upper side body flange.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the second antenna does not have a core wire side element extending downward from the second core wire side feeding portion and then extending in a direction away from the second ground side feeding portion. It is an antenna to do.

Further, in the present invention, the first antenna has a core wire side second element extending upward from the first core wire side feeding portion and further extending horizontally, and the second antenna has the second core wire side. The antenna is characterized by having a core wire-side fourth element extending upward from the side feeding portion and further extending horizontally.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the second antenna has a third element on the ground side that extends downward from the power feeding portion on the second ground side and is arranged in close proximity to the third element on the core wire side. It is an antenna.

Further, in the present invention, the first antenna extends upward from the first core wire side feeding portion, further extends horizontally, and extends downward from the first ground side feeding portion. After that, it has a ground-side first element extending in a direction away from the first ground-side feeding portion, and the second antenna extends upward from the second core wire-side feeding portion and further extends horizontally. The fourth element on the core wire side, the fifth element on the core wire side extending to the left from the power feeding portion on the second core wire side, and the fifth element on the core wire side extending downward from the feeding portion on the second ground side and close to the third element on the core wire side. The antenna is characterized by having a third element on the ground side and a fourth element on the ground side extending downward from the second ground side feeding portion.

Further, the present invention is a window glass provided with any of the above antennas.

According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, the directivity of the antenna can be made uniform in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

It is a top view of the glass antenna (basic configuration) of the embodiment of this invention seen from the inside of a car. It is a top view which looked at the modification 1 of the glass antenna of embodiment of this invention from the inside of a car. It is a top view which looked at the modification 1 of the glass antenna of embodiment of this invention from the inside of a car. It is a figure which shows the characteristic of the glass antenna of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the characteristic of the glass antenna of the comparative example.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the glass antenna (basic configuration) according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the inside of the vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the glass antenna having a basic configuration is composed of a first antenna 1 provided on the right side and a second antenna 2 provided on the left side in the vehicle interior, and includes the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2. Is arranged on the upper part of the front window glass so that the ground side terminals of the terminal seats 10 and 20 face each other, and constitutes diversity.

The first antenna 1 is composed of a terminal seat 10 and a core wire-side first element 11 extending from the core wire-side terminal of the terminal seat 10. The core wire side first element 11 extends downward from the core wire side terminal, and further extends to the right side (direction away from the terminal seat 10). The core wire side first element 11 is provided with a horizontal element at a position separated from the body flange 5 by a vertical element extending from the core wire side terminal to improve lateral gain.

The second antenna 2 is composed of a terminal seat 20, a core wire-side third element 21 extending from the core wire-side terminal of the terminal seat 20, and a ground-side second element 24 extending from the ground-side terminal of the terminal seat 20. ..

The core wire side third element 21 extends downward from the core wire side terminal (in the direction away from the body flange), extends to the right along the terminal seat, and further extends downward. The core wire side third element 21 is provided with a vertical wire extending from the core wire side terminal extending in a direction away from the body flange 5 to improve lateral gain.

The ground-side second element 24 extends upward (in the direction of the body flange) from the ground-side terminal and extends to the left along the body flange 5. In particular, when the antenna is arranged on the front window glass of the vehicle in the direction in which the ground side second element 24 is arranged upward, the earth side second element 24 is arranged along the body flange 5 on the upper side. become. The ground side second element 24 is capacitively coupled to the body flange 5. The second element 24 on the ground side may be thicker than the other elements. Since the length of the second element 24 on the ground side is approximately αλ / 2 (α = 0.7 is the wavelength shortening rate of glass, and λ = 0.48 meters is the center frequency of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band). The impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted by the thickness of the element. Further, the distance between the second element 24 on the ground side and the body flange 5 can be changed depending on the thickness of the second element 24 on the ground side, and the impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted.

A coaxial cable 3 is connected between the terminal seat 10 of the first antenna 1 and the amplifier (not shown) and between the terminal seat 20 of the second antenna 2 and the amplifier. The coaxial cable 3 is grounded to the body by the ground fitting 4 in the vicinity of the body flange 5.

FIG. 1 shows the length of the antenna element suitable for the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band (470 to 770 MHz). That is, considering that the wavelength shortening rate α of glass is 0.7, in the antenna for the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band, the vertical stripes of the core wire side first element 11 are 50 mm, and the horizontal stripes are 65 mm. .. The horizontal line of the third element 21 on the core wire side is 30 mm, and the vertical line is 60 mm. The length of the horizontal line of the second element 24 on the ground side is 155 mm, the width is 3 mm, and the second element 24 is arranged at a position 10 mm above the ground terminal and 10 mm below the body flange 5. Elements other than the second element 24 on the ground side may be formed with a width of about 0.7 mm. The dimensions of the antenna are determined so as to obtain good sensitivity in the entire reception frequency band by adjusting the resonance frequency in the reception frequency band, and are not limited to the above-mentioned dimensions.

In the glass antenna of the present embodiment, the core wire side elements 11 and 21 can improve the side gain on the low frequency side, and the ground side second element 24 can improve the gain on the high frequency side.

2 and 3 are plan views of a modified example 1 of the glass antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the inside of the vehicle. FIG. 3 shows the same antenna as in FIG. 2, but the length of the antenna element suitable for the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band (470 to 770 MHz) is described, and the reference numeral indicating the antenna configuration is omitted.

The glass antenna of the first modification is a glass antenna having a basic configuration to which auxiliary elements 12, 13, 22, 23, 25, and 26 are added.

As shown in FIG. 2, the glass antenna of the modified example 1 is composed of a first antenna 1 provided on the right side and a second antenna 2 provided on the left side in the vehicle interior, and the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are provided. Is arranged on the upper part of the front window glass so that the ground side terminals of the terminal seats 10 and 20 face each other, and constitutes diversity.

The first antenna 1 includes a terminal seat 10, a first element 11 on the core wire side extending from the terminal on the core wire side of the terminal seat 10, a second element 12 on the core wire side, and a first ground side extending from the ground side terminal of the terminal seat 10. It is composed of an element 13. The first antenna 1 resonates a plurality of elements having different lengths of the core wire side elements 11 and 12 in a band, and obtains a high gain in a wide band of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency.

The core wire side first element 11 extends downward from the core wire side terminal, and further extends to the right (direction away from the terminal seat 10). The core wire side first element 11 is provided with horizontal stripes at a position separated from the body flange 5 by a vertical element extending from the core wire side terminal to improve lateral gain (particularly, in the 60 degree direction in FIG. 4). ..

The core wire side second element 12 extends upward from the core wire side terminal, and further extends to the right and to the left along the terminal seat. The core wire side second element 12 is provided with a horizontal line having an adjusted distance (for example, 15 mm) from the body flange 5 above the terminal seat 10, so that the gain in the front of the vehicle (particularly, in the 0 degree direction in FIG. 4) is provided. Is improving.

The ground-side second element 13 extends downward from the ground-side terminal and further extends to the right. The ground-side first element 13 may be composed of only vertical lines extending downward from the ground-side terminal. The impedance of the first antenna 1 can be adjusted by the first element 13 on the ground side.

The second antenna 2 includes a terminal seat 20, a core wire side third element 21 extending from the core wire side terminal of the terminal seat 20, a core wire side fourth element 22, a core wire side fifth element 23, and a ground side terminal of the terminal seat 20. It is composed of a second element 24 on the ground side extending from the ground side, a third element 25 on the ground side, and a fourth element 26 on the ground side. The second antenna 2 resonates a plurality of elements having different lengths of the core wire side elements 21, 22, and 23 in the band, and obtains a high gain in a wide band of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency.

The core wire side third element 21 extends downward from the core wire side terminal (in the direction away from the body flange), extends to the right along the terminal seat, and further extends downward. The core wire side third element 21 is provided by extending a vertical wire extending from the core wire side terminal in a direction away from the body flange 5 to improve lateral gain (particularly, in the direction of 240 to 270 degrees in FIG. 4). ing. Further, by narrowing the distance between the core wire side third element 21 and the ground side third element 25, the core wire side third element 21 and the ground side third element 25 are capacitively coupled to form the core wire side third element 21. The side gain of is improved.

The core wire side fourth element 22 extends upward (in the direction of the body flange) from the core wire side terminal, and further extends to the left and to the right along the terminal seat. The core wire side fifth element 23 extends to the left from the core wire side terminal. The core wire side fourth element 22 and the core wire side fifth element 23 are provided with horizontal stripes above the second antenna 2, thereby improving the gain in the front of the vehicle (particularly, in the direction of 330 degrees in FIG. 4).

The ground-side second element 24 extends upward (in the direction of the body flange) from the ground-side terminal and extends to the left along the body flange 5. Therefore, the ground-side second element 24 is capacitively coupled to the body flange 5. When the second element 24 on the ground side is close to the body flange 5, the fourth element 22 on the core wire side and the fifth element 23 on the core wire side are separated from the body flange 5, which contributes to the improvement of the gain on the vehicle side. The second element 24 on the ground side may be thicker than the other elements. Since the length of the second element 24 on the ground side is approximately αλ / 2 (α = 0.7 is the wavelength shortening rate of glass, and λ = 0.48 meters is the center frequency of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band). The impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted by the thickness of the element. Further, the distance between the second element 24 on the ground side and the body flange 5 can be changed depending on the thickness of the second element 24 on the ground side, and the impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted.

The ground-side third element 25 extends downward from the ground-side terminal. The ground-side third element 25 contributes to the improvement of the lateral gain of the core-side third element 21 by narrowing the distance from the core-side third element 21. Further, the impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the third element 25 on the ground side.

The ground-side fourth element 26 extends to the right from the middle of the ground-side third element 25, and further extends downward. The ground-side fourth element 26 may extend downward from the ground-side terminal. The fourth element 26 on the ground side contributes to the improvement of the gain in the high frequency band. Further, the impedance of the second antenna 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the fourth element 26 on the ground side.

A coaxial cable 3 is connected between the terminal seat 10 of the first antenna 1 and the amplifier (not shown) and between the terminal seat 20 of the second antenna 2 and the amplifier. The coaxial cable 3 is grounded to the body by the ground fitting 4 in the vicinity of the body flange 5.

FIG. 3 shows the length of the antenna element suitable for the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band (470 to 770 MHz). That is, considering that the wavelength shortening rate α of glass is 0.7, in the antenna for the terrestrial digital television broadcasting frequency band, the vertical stripe of the core wire side first element 11 is 50 mm, and the horizontal stripe is 65 mm. .. The horizontal lines of the second element 12 on the core wire side are 55 mm on each side, and are arranged at positions 5 mm above the ground terminal and 15 mm below the body flange 5. The vertical line of the first element 13 on the ground side is 20 mm, and the horizontal line is 40 mm.

The horizontal line of the third element 21 on the core wire side is 30 mm, and the vertical line is 60 mm. The horizontal lines of the core wire side fourth element 22 are 80 mm on the left and 50 mm on the right, and are arranged at positions 5 mm above the ground terminal and 3 mm below the second element 24 on the ground side. The horizontal line of the fifth element 23 on the core wire side is 50 mm.

The length of the horizontal line of the second element 24 on the ground side is 155 mm, the width is 3 mm, and the second element 24 is arranged at a position 10 mm above the ground terminal and 10 mm below the body flange 5. The vertical line of the third element 25 on the ground side is 25 mm. The horizontal line of the fourth element 26 on the ground side is 10 mm, and the vertical line is 35 mm.

The dimensions of the antenna are determined so as to obtain good sensitivity in the entire reception frequency band by adjusting the resonance frequency in the reception frequency band, and are not limited to the above-mentioned dimensions.

The conductors (strips, power feeding portions) constituting the glass antennas of the present embodiment and the modified examples are formed by applying a conductive ceramic paste on the glass surface, drying, and then baking in a heating furnace. Each conductor may form an antenna by a conductive pattern formed on a light-transmitting resin film and may be attached to a glass plate.

In the right-hand drive vehicle, the glass antennas of the present embodiment and the modified examples are such that the first antenna 1 is arranged on the right side (center side) and the second antenna 2 is arranged on the left side (A pillar side) in the vehicle interior view. It is preferable to provide the upper part on the passenger seat side, that is, about 1/4 on the right side from the left end of the front window glass. On the other hand, in a left-hand drive vehicle, the illustrated arrangement is reversed left and right, and the first antenna 1 is arranged on the left side (center side) and the second antenna 2 is arranged on the right side (A pillar side) in the vehicle interior, and the assistant of the front window glass. It is preferable to provide it on the upper part of the seat side, that is, on the left side by about 1/4 from the right end of the front window glass.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the glass antenna of the first modification.

In FIG. 4, the broken line indicates the sensitivity of the first antenna 1, the dotted line indicates the sensitivity of the second antenna 2, and the solid line indicates the combined sensitivity of both antennas. Further, 0 degrees is the front of the vehicle, 90 degrees is to the right of the vehicle, and 270 degrees is to the left of the vehicle.

As can be seen from the figure, the first antenna 1 arranged on the right side shows good sensitivity from the front of the vehicle to the right (330 to 150 degrees), and the second antenna 2 arranged on the left side is from the rear of the vehicle. It shows good sensitivity on the left side (150-330 degrees).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the glass antenna of the comparative example.

The comparative example showing the characteristics in FIG. 5 is a left-right inverted version of the glass antenna of the modified example 1.

In FIG. 5, the broken line indicates the sensitivity of the first antenna 1, the dotted line indicates the sensitivity of the second antenna 2, and the solid line indicates the combined sensitivity of both antennas. Further, 0 degrees is the front of the vehicle, 90 degrees is to the right of the vehicle, and 270 degrees is to the left of the vehicle.

As can be seen from the figure, the sensitivity of the first antenna 1 arranged on the left side decreases from the front of the vehicle to the right (0 to 90 degrees), and the sensitivity also decreases on the left side of the vehicle (240 ° to 300 °). descend. Further, the sensitivity of the second antenna 2 installed on the right side decreases in the front right direction (30 to 60 degrees) of the vehicle.

As described above, in the glass antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, since the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are provided close to each other on the front window glass, the antenna can be mounted in a narrow range and the feeding cable can be mounted. The ground can be integrated in one place. Further, since the wiring to the side window glass can be integrated into one and the antenna amplifier can be integrated into one, the man-hours for attaching the wiring to the antenna can be reduced and the component cost can be reduced.

Further, the core wire side first element 11 and the core wire side third element 21 improve the lateral sensitivity, and the core wire side second element 12 and the core wire side fourth element 22 improve the front sensitivity. Thereby, sufficient directivity can be obtained in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

Further, since the antenna is small, the antenna can be arranged on the front window glass without obstructing the front view. Further, by arranging the antenna on the front window glass, it is possible to reduce the influence of noise from high-voltage electronic devices (for example, a traveling battery and a charge / discharge control device) mounted on the rear of the vehicle.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such a specific configuration, and various modifications and equivalents within the scope of the attached claims are equivalent. It includes the configuration.

1 1st antenna 2 2nd antenna 10, 20 Terminal seat 11 Core wire side 1st element 12 Core wire side 2nd element 13 Ground side 1st element 21 Core wire side 3rd element 22 Core wire side 4th element 23 Core wire side 5th element 24 2nd element on the ground side 25 3rd element on the ground side 26 4th element on the ground side

Claims (7)

An antenna placed along the upper body flange of the window glass of a vehicle.
It has a first antenna and a second antenna that are arranged adjacent to each other and have different configurations.
The first antenna is
The first core wire side power supply unit and the first ground side power supply unit to which the power supply cable is connected,
It has a core wire-side first element that extends downward from the first core wire-side feeding portion and then extends in a direction away from the first ground-side feeding portion.
The second antenna is
The second core wire side power supply unit and the second ground side power supply unit to which the power supply cable is connected,
The core wire side third element extending downward from the second core wire side feeding portion, and
It has a ground-side second element that extends from the second ground-side feeding portion and extends above the second ground-side feeding portion along the upper side body flange.
The first antenna and the second antenna have the first ground side feeding portion and the second ground side feeding portion facing each other, and the first antenna is arranged on the center side of the window glass. Characterized antenna. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna does not have a ground-side element extending along the upper side body flange. The second antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second antenna does not have a core wire side element extending downward from the second core wire side feeding portion and then extending in a direction away from the second ground side feeding portion. Antenna. The first antenna has a core wire side second element that extends upward from the first core wire side feeding portion and further extends horizontally.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second antenna has a core wire-side fourth element that extends upward from the second core wire-side feeding portion and further extends horizontally. The second antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second antenna extends downward from the second ground-side feeding portion and has a ground-side third element arranged in the vicinity of the core wire-side third element. antenna. The first antenna is
The core wire side second element extending upward from the first core wire side feeding portion and further extending horizontally, and the core wire side second element.
It has a ground-side first element that extends downward from the first ground-side power supply unit and then extends in a direction away from the first ground-side power supply unit.
The second antenna is
With the core wire side fourth element extending upward from the second core wire side feeding portion and further extending horizontally,
The fifth element on the core wire side extending to the left from the power feeding portion on the second core wire side, and
A ground-side third element that extends downward from the second ground-side power supply unit and is arranged in close proximity to the core wire-side third element.
The antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth ground-side element extending downward from the second ground-side feeding portion. A window glass provided with the glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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