JP6907155B2 - Cleaning device and cleaning method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cleaning device and a cleaning method preferably used for a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator.

A stoker-type incinerator is widely used as an incinerator for a waste incinerator that incinerates combustible waste and detoxifies harmful substances generated. The stoker-type incinerator has a hearth portion in which fixed grate rows and movable grate rows movable with respect to the fixed grate rows are alternately arranged in the furnace length direction or the furnace width direction. Combustion air is supplied into the furnace from the lower side of each grate that constitutes the hearth through the gaps between the adjacent grates. Garbage (hereinafter referred to as incinerator) is sequentially supplied from the upstream side of the hearth. The movable grate row repeatedly moves forward and backward with respect to the fixed grate row, so that the incinerator on the hearth is transported to the downstream side. In a stoker-type incinerator, in order to remove incombustibles, ash, etc. (hereinafter referred to as combustion residues) remaining on the hearth after the incinerator is shut down, workers usually manually use a scoop or the like. Perform cleaning work.

Patent Document 1 describes a cleaning device capable of cleaning the hearth of a so-called parallel swing type stoker type incinerator without the manual work of an operator. In the parallel swing type stoker type incinerator, fixed grate rows and movable grate rows extending along the furnace length direction (in other words, the transport direction of the incinerator) alternate in the furnace width direction. Is located in. The cleaning device of Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of bags arranged in the width direction of the furnace, and these bags are simultaneously transferred in the direction of the furnace length by a grate feeding mechanism to burn on the hearth. The residue is pushed by the bag and discharged from the hearth. The bag body needs to be longer than the length that straddles the adjacent fixed grate and movable grate in the furnace width direction. Further, in order to perform cleaning effectively, it is necessary to repeat the above cleaning process a plurality of times.

On the other hand, a means for automatically cleaning a so-called parallel swing type stoker type incinerator (in other words, a row-by-step reciprocating type stoker type incinerator) without manual work by a worker has not been realized. .. The parallel swing type stoker type incinerator has a hearth portion in which movable grate rows extending in the furnace width direction and fixed grate rows are alternately arranged in the furnace length direction. An example of a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator is described in, for example, Patent Document 2.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-139318 Patent No. 5871541

According to one embodiment of the present invention, for a parallel rocking stoker incinerator that can be driven using an existing grate drive mechanism (in other words, without the need for additional power). Cleaning equipment can be provided. Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, once installed in the hearth portion, a parallel swing type that enables the hearth portion to be automatically cleaned without manual work by a worker. Cleaning equipment for stoker-type incinerators can be provided. Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a cleaning device for a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator that can be designed regardless of the width dimension of the grate. Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, there is a cleaning device for a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator that can automatically clean not only the surface of the grate but also the gaps between the grate. Can be provided. Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a cleaning device for a parallel rocking type stoker type incinerator that can easily remove combustion residue adhering to itself.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a cleaning method for a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator using the above cleaning device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning device for cleaning the upper surface of the hearth of a stoker-type incinerator in which movable grate rows and fixed grate rows are alternately arranged in the transport direction of the incinerator. It is provided with a plurality of main bodies arranged so as to be aligned in the transport direction and a connecting portion for connecting the plurality of main bodies so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction. The front surface of the main body portion arranged in the portion can provide a cleaning device that forms a spatula portion slidably engaged with the upper surface of the hearth portion at the lower edge portion thereof.

Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the hearth portion of the stoker type incinerator in which the movable grate row and the fixed grate row are alternately arranged in a stepped manner in the transport direction of the incinerated object. A cleaning method for cleaning, in which the above-mentioned cleaning device arranged on the upper surface of the hearth is advanced by driving the movable grate row while changing the stroke length of the movable grate row in a predetermined pattern. A cleaning method can be provided, including the above.

It is an overall external view of the parallel rocking type stoker type incinerator. It is a partially enlarged view which shows the hearth part of the stoker type incinerator of FIG. 1 schematicly. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cleaning apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a main body portion arranged at the front portion of the cleaning device of FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the cleaning process using the cleaning apparatus of FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the cleaning process using the cleaning apparatus of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description is merely an example, and does not mean that the technical scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Further, in the drawings, the same or corresponding components are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is an overall external view of a stoker-type incinerator to which the embodiment of the present invention can be applied, that is, a parallel swing-type stoker-type incinerator (hereinafter, simply incinerator) 1. As shown in the figure, the incinerator 1 includes a hearth portion 1A having a plurality of grate rows 2 arranged in a staircase pattern as a whole. The grate row 2 includes a movable grate row 2A composed of a plurality of movable grate 20A arranged side by side in the furnace width direction of the hearth portion 1A, and a plurality of grate rows 2 arranged side by side in the furnace width direction of the hearth portion 1A. Includes a fixed grate row 2B composed of the fixed grate 20B. The movable grate row 2A and the fixed grate row 2B are alternately arranged in a staircase pattern along the transport direction of the incinerator on the hearth portion 1A. Since the movable grate 20A and the fixed grate 20B are used in a high temperature and corrosive environment and have a complicated shape, they are usually cast using heat-resistant cast iron or heat-resistant cast steel.

The movable grate row 2A is supported by the movable frame 3, and the fixed grate row 2B is supported by the fixed frame 4. The movable frame 3 can be reciprocated in the front-rear direction by the hydraulic drive cylinder 5, the drive arm 6a and the drive shaft 6b for transmitting the force from the hydraulic drive cylinder 5 to the movable frame 3. Specifically, the drive shaft 6b fixed to the drive arm 6a rotates in the bearing 6c according to the back-and-forth movement of the piston of the hydraulic drive cylinder 5, and the movable frame 3 is moved back and forth with respect to the fixed frame 4. As a result, the movable grate row 2A moves in the front-rear direction with respect to the fixed grate row 2B. The moving stroke of the movable grate row 2A (in other words, the range of motion of the movable grate row 2A) is determined by setting the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the piston of the hydraulic drive cylinder 5 by, for example, a limit switch or the like. be able to.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view schematically showing a part of the grate row 2 constituting the hearth portion 1A. Of the grate rows 2, the movable grate 20A forming the movable grate row 2A and the fixed grate 20B forming the fixed grate row 2B have substantially the same shape. Therefore, in FIG. 2, for convenience, all the grate shown are designated by reference numeral 20. Further, also in the following description, the movable grate 20A and the fixed grate 20B may be collectively referred to as a grate 20 when it is not necessary to distinguish between the movable grate 20A and the fixed grate 20B.

The grate 20 includes an upper wall portion 23, a front wall portion 24 extending substantially downward from the front end of the upper wall portion 23, and a rear wall substantially downward extending from the rear end of the upper wall portion 23. It has a part 25 and. In this specification, terms indicating directions such as "front", "rear", "up", and "down" are arranged when the grate row 2 constitutes the hearth portion 1A shown in FIG. Used for. Therefore, for example, the "front" direction refers to the transport direction of the incinerator when the grate row 2 constitutes the hearth portion 1A shown in FIG. 1, and the "rear" direction is the opposite direction. say. Further, in the present specification, the "upward" direction means the direction in which the grate row 2 faces the inside of the furnace when the hearth portion 1A shown in FIG. 1 is formed, and the direction opposite to the "downward" direction. To say.

The lower side of the grate 20 defines an internal space 28 through which combustion air passes. As shown in FIG. 2, there is a slight gap 30A between the grate 20s adjacent to each other in the furnace width direction. Further, between the grate 20 arranged stepwise in the furnace length direction (specifically, between the front wall portion 24 of the grate 20 on the upper stage side and the upper wall portion 23 of the grate 20 on the lower stage side). ) Also has a slight gap 30B. The gaps 30A and 30B are, for example, a slight gap of 1 mm or less. The combustion air passing through the internal space 28 is supplied into the furnace through the gaps 30A and 30B as shown by the arrows in FIG.

Again, referring to FIG. 1, while the incinerator 1 is in operation (in other words, incinerating), the movable grate row 2A is moved back and forth with respect to the fixed grate row 2B by the hydraulic drive cylinder 5 with a predetermined stroke. It is reciprocated in the direction. When all the movable grate rows 2A of the incinerator 1 move in synchronization, the objects to be incinerated on the hearth portion 1A are sequentially conveyed in the furnace length direction and discharged from the hearth portion 1A. However, after the incinerator 1 is shut down, fine incombustibles, ash, and other combustion residues may be present on the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a cleaning device and a cleaning method capable of removing such combustion residue substantially without manual labor of a worker and without requiring additional power. be able to.

FIG. 3 is an exploded assembly view schematically showing an example of a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cleaning device 40 is placed on, for example, the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A of the incinerator 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 (that is, the upper wall portion 23 of the movable grate 20A and the fixed grate 20B). Can be used.

In the example of FIG. 3, the cleaning device 40 includes a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) main body portions 41 and a connecting portion 47 that connects the main body portions 41 so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction. The main body 41 is arranged on the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A so as to be aligned in the transport direction of the incinerator (hereinafter referred to as the transport direction), and is connected to each other by the connecting portion 47. Here, for convenience, the main body 41 arranged at the frontmost portion in the transport direction of the incinerator is designated by the reference numeral 41A, the main body portion 41 arranged at the rearmost portion is designated with the reference numeral 41C, and the main body is arranged in the middle. Reference numeral 41B is attached to the part 41. The main bodies 41A, 41B, and 41C can have substantially the same dimensions and shapes as each other.

In the illustrated example, each main body portion 41 has a front surface portion 46A and a rear surface portion 46B, an upper surface portion 46C, a lower surface portion 46D, and a pair of side surface portions 46E arranged so as to face each other in the transport direction of the incinerator. It has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape with and. However, in the present embodiment, the shape of the main body 41 is not limited to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and the number of the main bodies 41 is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more. As a whole, the cleaning device 40 includes a rear surface 43 including a pressed portion that can be pressed by the front wall portion 24 of the movable grate 20A, and a front surface 45 that is arranged so as to face the rear surface in the transport direction of the incinerator. Have. In the illustrated example, the front surface 46A of the main body 41A arranged at the front in the transport direction of the incinerator constitutes the front 45 of the cleaning device 40, and the main body is arranged at the rearmost in the transport direction of the incinerator. The unit 41C constitutes the rear surface 43 of the cleaning device 40.

The front surface 45 of the cleaning device 40 has a spatula portion that can slidably engage the lower edge portion (in other words, the intersection of the front surface portion 46A and the lower surface portion 46D) with the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A. It has 45A. In other words, the front surface 45 of the cleaning device 40 forms a sharp corner portion whose lower edge portion can slide densely on the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A. That is, the "engagement" in "slidingly engaging" with respect to the spatula portion 45A means that the spatula portion 45A is not fixed to the upper surface of the hearth portion 1A but simply contacts. With this configuration, the spatula portion 45A can scrape off the combustion residue on the grate 20 while the cleaning device 40 advances on each grate 20. As will be described later, the cleaning device 40 can be driven using an existing grate drive mechanism (in other words, without the need for additional power), thus saving energy in the cleaning work. can.

The dimensions of the cleaning device 40 in the left-right direction (w in FIG. 3; in other words, the furnace width direction) are not particularly limited, but may be substantially the same as the furnace width of the hearth portion 1A to be cleaned. preferable. As a result, substantially all the combustion residue on the hearth portion 1A can be discharged from the hearth portion 1A by installing one cleaning device 40 in the uppermost stream in the transport direction only once. In the present embodiment, the plurality of main body portions 41 are arranged so as to be lined up in a row in the furnace length direction. However, in another embodiment, the plurality of main bodies 41 are arranged in the furnace length direction and the furnace width direction, and the total width of the plurality of main bodies 41 arranged in the furnace width direction is the furnace width of the hearth portion 1A. It may be substantially the same. The dimensions of the cleaning device 40 in the front-rear direction (in other words, the furnace length direction or the transport direction) are not particularly limited, but all of the plurality of main body portions 41 constituting the cleaning device 40 are of the same grate 20. It is preferable that it is set so that it can be placed on the upper wall portion 23 at one time.

In the illustrated example, the connecting portion 47 is a first rod 47A fixed to one of two main body portions 41 (for example, the main body portion 41A shown) adjacent to each other in the transport direction, and the other (for example, the illustrated main body portion 41A). It has a pair with a second rod 47B fixed to the main body 41B). The first rod 47A and the second rod 47B are configured to be arranged in a relatively slidable fitted state. In the illustrated example, the first rod 47A is configured to fit inside the second rod 47B. Therefore, the first rod 47A may have the form of a solid rod or the form of a tubular rod having a cavity. The second rod 47B has the form of a tubular rod and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first rod 47A. However, in another example, the first rod 47A may have the form of a tubular rod and the second rod 47B may be configured to fit inside the first rod 47A. Further, in the illustrated example, the first rod 47A is arranged inside the upper surface 46C of the main body 41A, and the second rod 47B is arranged outside the upper surface 46C of the main body 41B via the mounting piece 47C. As a result, the gap between the main body portions 41 in the front-rear direction at the time of assembly is made as small as possible. However, the size of the gap between the main bodies 41 in the front-rear direction after assembly is not particularly limited. Therefore, for example, the first rod 47A and the second rod 47B shown in the drawing may both be arranged outside the upper surface 46C of the main body 41A and 41B and may be connected to each other.

During the cleaning step described later, the cleaning device 40 is pushed by the movable grate 20A and gradually moves to the downstream side in the transport direction along the upper surface of the stepped hearth portion 1A. When the cleaning device 40 moves through the stepped portion (that is, moves from the upper grate 20 to the lower grate 20), the first rod 47A descends along the second rod 47B, for example. Only the front main body 41A can be landed on the lower stage while the rear main body 41B and the main body 41C are left on the upper stage.

However, the specific configuration of the connecting portion 47 is not limited to that shown in the figure. Other mechanisms, such as hinged arm structures, can be used as the connecting portion 47.

The main body 41 can be formed of either a metallic material or a non-metallic material as long as the material can maintain its shape. Further, the main body 41 may be made of the same material as each other, or may be made of different materials. In this embodiment, each main body 41 is made of a non-metallic material.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main body 41 along the line AA of FIG. Here, in particular, the main body portion 41A arranged at the frontmost portion is shown. The connecting portion 47 shown in FIG. 3 is omitted in FIG. It is preferable that the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A arranged at the foremost portion is magnetized at least partially. As a result, the cleaning device 40 can be efficiently advanced. Specifically, during the cleaning process, the cleaning device 40 may stop at a position straddling a step portion between the upper movable grate 20A and the lower fixed grate 20B (for example, FIG. 6 described later (see FIG. 6). l) state). Even when the upper movable grate 20A starts to retreat in this state, the front main body 41A can stay on the fixed grate 20B without being dragged backward because the lower surface 46D is magnetized. .. In the present embodiment, the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A is partially magnetized by the magnet 55. As shown in FIG. 4, the main body 41A includes a cavity 57 in which the magnet 55 is arranged. The magnet 55 may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

During cleaning, the action of the magnetic force of the magnet 55 may cause metal-based combustion residue to adhere to the main body 41A. In the present embodiment, the main body 41A is made of a non-metallic material, and the magnet 55 is arranged in the cavity 57 in a non-mounted state. As a result, the combustion residue adhering to the main body 41A can be easily removed. Specifically, by shaking the main body 41A or reversing it in the vertical direction, the magnet 55 can be separated from the lower surface 46D of the main body 41A, and the magnetic force acting on the lower surface 46D can be reduced. Therefore, the adhered combustion residue can be easily removed, and the once removed combustion residue can be prevented from reattaching. Therefore, not only the cleaning work time in the furnace but also the subsequent cleaning time of the cleaning device 40 can be shortened, and the labor cost can be reduced. In the present embodiment, a partition wall for separating the cavity 57 in which the magnet 55 is arranged from the front surface 46A so as to prevent the metal-based combustion residue from adhering to the front surface 46A of the main body 41A. 58 is provided. However, the partition wall 58 may not be provided. Further, the main body portion 41A may be provided with a partition wall for separating the hollow portion 57 from the side surface portion 46E.

Instead of magnetizing the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A arranged at the foremost portion, for example, at least a part of the surface of the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A is unevenly processed or unevenly processed. It may be covered with a material. Alternatively, instead of magnetizing the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A arranged at the foremost portion, at least a part of the surface of the lower surface portion 46D of the main body portion 41A is formed of a material having a high coefficient of friction such as a rubber material. Or may be covered with such a material. These alternative means can also efficiently advance the cleaning device 40. That is, during the cleaning process, for example, even when the upper movable grate 20A starts to retreat in the state of FIG. 6 (l), the front main body portion 41A has an uneven surface of the lower surface portion 46D, a rubber material, or the like. Fixed grate 20 without being dragged backwards by friction
You can stay in B. The main body portion 41A may simultaneously include any or more of the magnetization of the lower surface portion 46D and the above-mentioned alternative means.

Further, as in the main body 41A shown in FIG. 4, at least one of the plurality of main bodies 41 is from the cavity 59 to which the compressed fluid (for example, air) is supplied and the cavity 59. It is preferably provided with an opening 61 for discharging the compressed fluid. By discharging the compressed fluid from the opening 61, not only the surface of the grate 20 but also the gap between the grate 20 (see the gaps 30A and 30B in FIG. 2) can be cleaned, so that the gap between the grate 20 can be cleaned. Foreign matter that is blocking the gap between the two can be removed. Further, when the surface of the grate 20 is uneven, the uneven portion can be cleaned, so that foreign matter is caught in the sliding portion between the grate 20 (that is, the gap 30B in FIG. 2) after restarting. It can also be prevented. Therefore, since the problem of non-uniform combustion due to the non-uniform supply of combustion air can be improved, the incinerator capacity of the incinerator 1 can be satisfactorily restored.

Further, in recent years, many waste treatment facilities have a function of a power plant that generates electricity as a heat recovery facility in addition to a function of incineration by installing a boiler and a turbo generator. .. In such a waste heat boiler power generation facility, the profit from selling electricity can be increased.

Compressed air can be supplied, for example, by connecting an externally arranged supply source and the cavity 59 with a hose (not shown). As a result, the cleaning device 40 can be moved while continuously injecting the compressed fluid from the opening 61 during the cleaning process. The opening 61 is preferably formed on at least one of the rear surface portion 46B and the lower surface portion 46D. However, the specific position, shape, number, size, etc. of the openings 61 are not particularly limited. Further, the cavity portion 59 and the opening portion 61 may be provided not only in the main body portion 41A arranged in the foremost portion but also in each of the plurality of main body portions 40 constituting the cleaning device 40.

Next, an example of the cleaning method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In this example, the cleaning device 40 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is used. The stoker-type incinerator to be cleaned is the parallel swing-type stoker-type incinerator 1 described with reference to FIG. The number of steps of the stepped grate row 2 is not particularly limited, but in this example, the case of 8 steps (movable grate row 2A: 4 steps; fixed grate row 2B: 4 steps) is shown. Reference numeral 70 in the figure is a stepped wall (see FIG. 1) located on the upper wall portion 23 of the most upstream movable grate 20A.

As described above, in the parallel swing type stoker type incinerator 1, all the movable grate rows 2A (that is, the movable grate 20A) are simultaneously predetermined during operation (in other words, during incineration processing). With the stroke of, it reciprocates in the front-rear direction with respect to the fixed grate row 2B (that is, the fixed grate 20B). The stroke of the movable grate row 2A (in other words, the range of motion of the movable grate row 2A) is determined by setting the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the piston of the hydraulic drive cylinder 5 by, for example, a limit switch or the like. Can be done. That is, by setting the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the piston, the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the movable grate row 2A are set. In FIGS. 5 and 6, an example of the distance between the forward limit position and the backward limit position of the movable grate row 2A, that is, the maximum stroke length is shown by L. The position L1 in the maximum stroke length L indicates the forward limit position of the movable grate row 2A, and the position L5 indicates the backward limit position. L2, L3, and L4 are intermediate positions, respectively. In the following description, L1 to L5 are also referred to as stroke positions, respectively. As shown, the maximum stroke length L is set within a range in which the position of the front end of the movable grate row 2A is located within the upper surface of the fixed grate row 2B.

In the cleaning method according to the present embodiment, a cleaning device 40 composed of three main body portions 41 is used. However, the number of main body portions 41 constituting the cleaning device 40 may be changed depending on the length of the maximum stroke length L.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, R indicates a combustion residue. At the end of the incineration process, the combustion residue R may be present over the entire upper surface of the hearth portion 1A. However, for ease of understanding, only the combustion residue R present at the front end of each grate 20 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Further, in the following description, the distance between the stroke positions L1 to L5 of the movable grate row 2A corresponds to the length of one of the main body 41 (in other words, the dimension in the front-rear direction). Therefore, in the following description, the stroke length at each stroke position L1 to L5 is expressed as a ratio to the length of one of the main body 41 (for example, the maximum stroke with respect to the length 1 of the main body 41). Length L is 4). Further, as an example, the width w of the cleaning device 40 (see FIG. 3) is set to be substantially the same as the width of the grate 20.

After the completion of the incinerator process, the incinerator 1 is usually stopped in a state where the movable grate row 2A is located at the retreat limit position L5. In this state, the cleaning device 40 is placed on the lower fixed grate (that is, the first fixed grate) 20B of the movable grate (that is, the first movable grate) 20A located at the uppermost stream (FIG. 5 (a)). At this time, the combustion residue R in the region where the cleaning device 40 is placed in the first-stage fixed grate 20B can be manually removed in advance. When the movable grate 20A starts the forward stroke, the cleaning device 40 is pushed by the movable grate 20A and moves forward on the fixed grate 20B. During this time, the spatula portion 45A of the cleaning device 40 is slidably engaged with the upper surface of the fixed grate 20B, whereby the combustion residue R is scraped off and collected at the front end of the fixed grate 20B. When the front end of the cleaning device 40 reaches the front end of the fixed grate 20B, substantially all combustion residues R on the fixed grate 20B where the cleaning device 40 is located are removed and the lower movable grate (ie, that is). It falls on the stepped portion with the second-stage movable grate) 20A (Fig. 5 (b)). This completes the cleaning of the first-stage fixed grate 20B. At this time, the movable grate 20A has not reached the forward limit position L1 and is located at the intermediate position L3 (forward stroke length: 2).

If the forward stroke of the movable grate 20A is continued in this state, the cleaning device 40 will fall on the combustion residue R of the step portion. Therefore, the forward stroke of the movable grate 20A is stopped at the intermediate position L3, and the movable grate 20A is retracted to the retreat limit position L5 (FIG. 5 (c)) (reverse stroke length: 2). As a result, it is possible to prevent the cleaning device 40 from falling on the combustion residue R that has fallen on the step portion. During the retreat stroke to the retreat limit position L5, the combustion residue R that has fallen on the step portion remains located at the step portion.

Next, when the forward stroke of the movable grate 20A is started from the retreat limit position L5, the combustion residue R (in other words, the combustion residue R on the second-stage movable grate 20A) that has fallen on the step portion is released. It begins to move forward relative to the upper fixed grate 20B on which the cleaning device 40 is placed (FIG. 5 (d)). Therefore, the cleaning device 40 on the fixed grate 20B moves to the lower movable grate 20A without falling on the combustion residue R (FIG. 5 (e)). At this time, since the three main body portions 41 constituting the cleaning device 40 can slide with each other via the connecting portion 47, they land one by one according to each stroke position. The movable grate 20A can move to the forward limit position L1 with the maximum stroke length L (forward stroke length: 4).

Next, when the backward stroke of the movable grate 20A is started from the forward limit position L1, the spatula portion 45A of the cleaning device 40 is slidably engaged with the upper surface of the second-stage movable grate 20A, whereby combustion remains. The object R is scraped off and collected at the front end of the movable grate 20A (FIG. 5 (f)). When the front end of the cleaning device 40 reaches the front end of the movable grate 20A (FIG. 5 (g)), substantially all the combustion residue R on the second stage movable grate 20A is removed and the lower stage is fixed. It falls on the grate (ie, the second fixed grate) 20B. As a result, the second stage movable grate 2
Cleaning of 0A is completed. At this time, the movable grate row 2A has not reached the retreat limit position L5 and is located at the intermediate position L4 (retreat stroke length: 3).

If the backward stroke of the movable grate row 2A is continued in this state, the cleaning device 40 will fall on the combustion residue R of the step portion. Therefore, the backward stroke is stopped at the intermediate position L4, and the movable grate 20A is advanced to the forward limit position L1 (FIG. 6 (h)) (forward stroke length: 3). This makes it possible to prevent the cleaning device 40 from falling onto the combustion residue R on the stepped portion. During the forward stroke to the forward limit position L1, the combustion residue R on the step portion is pushed by the movable grate 20A and moves while being located at the step portion.

Next, when the backward stroke of the movable grate 20A is started from the forward limit position L1, the combustion residue R on the step portion is the upper movable grate on which the cleaning device 40 is mounted (that is, the second movable grate). Grate) Advances relative to 20A (FIG. 6 (i)). Therefore, the cleaning device 40 moves to the lower fixed grate (that is, the second fixed grate) 20B without falling on the combustion residue R (FIG. 6 (j)). At this time, the movable grate 20A can move to the retreat limit position L5 with the maximum stroke length L (retreat stroke length: 4).

When the movable grate 20A starts the forward stroke again, the cleaning device 40 is pushed by the movable grate 20A and moves forward on the fixed grate 20B. During this time, the spatula portion 45A of the cleaning device 40 is slidably engaged with the upper surface of the fixed grate 20B, whereby the combustion residue R is scraped off and collected at the front end of the fixed grate 20B (FIG. 6 (k)). ). When the front end of the cleaning device 40 reaches the front end of the fixed grate 20B (FIG. 6 (l)), substantially all the combustion residue R on the second fixed grate 20B is scraped off and the lower stage It falls on the stepped portion with the movable grate 20A. This completes the cleaning of the second-stage fixed grate 20B. At this time, the movable grate 20A has not reached the forward limit position L1 and is located at the intermediate position L2 (forward stroke length: 3). If the forward stroke of the movable grate 20A is continued in this state, the cleaning device 40 will fall on the combustion residue R of the stepped portion. Therefore, the forward stroke of the movable grate 20A is stopped at the intermediate position L2 and is movable. The grate 20A is retracted to the retreat limit position L5 (FIG. 6 (m)) (retraction stroke length: 3). At the start of the retreat stroke, as shown in FIG. 6 (l), the rearmost main body 41C of the cleaning device 40 is located on the retreating movable grate 20A. However, since the lower surface portion 46D of the frontmost main body portion 41A is magnetized (see FIG. 4), the front main body portions 41A and 41B are not dragged by the rearmost main body portion 41C and retract.

In this way, the stroke length of the movable grate 20A is changed in a predetermined pattern until the combustion residue R is discharged from the most downstream grate 20. As a result, the cleaning device 40 advances on the hearth portion 1A without falling on the combustion residue R. Therefore, in each grate 20, the combustion residue R is scraped off by the spatula portion 45A of the cleaning device 40 that advances, is accumulated at the front end of the grate 20, and is moved to the lower grate 20. This step can be repeated until substantially all of the combustion residue R is discharged from the hearth portion 1A.

According to the present embodiment, after the cleaning device 40 is installed (FIG. 5A), the movable grate row 2A is reciprocated with a stroke length of 2 (first pattern), so that the first-stage fixed grate 20B (FIG. 5 (b)), the movable grate row 2A is returned to the retreat limit position L5, which is the initial position (FIG. 5 (c)). After that, the reciprocating motion of the movable grate row 2A is repeated in a pattern of stroke lengths 4 → 3 → 3 (second pattern) until the combustion residue R is discharged from the most downstream grate 20. As described above, in the cleaning method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the movement stroke length of the movable grate row 2A is such that the combustion residue R collected by the cleaning device 40 is the stepped portion of the hearth portion 1A by the cleaning device 40. (In other words, before the cleaning device 40 falls on the stepped portion of the hearth portion 1A), it is set to be stopped. After stopping, the movable grate 20A is reversed. The first pattern may vary depending on the initial installation position of the cleaning device 40 in the first stage fixed grate 20B. The second pattern can be realized by controlling the operation of the movable grate row 2A so that the reciprocating movement having a stroke length shorter than the maximum stroke length L of the movable grate row 2A is executed at a predetermined timing. .. In the present embodiment, the "short stroke length" is the length obtained by subtracting the stroke length corresponding to the length of one of the main body 41 from the maximum stroke length L. The "predetermined timing" is when the combustion residue R collected by the cleaning device 40 falls on the stepped portion of the hearth portion 1A by the cleaning device 40 (in other words, the cleaning device 40 falls on the stepped portion of the hearth portion 1A). When the front end of the cleaning device 40 reaches the front end of the grate 20 where the cleaning device 40 is located (in other words, the cleaning device 40 is the fire where the cleaning device 40 is located). It is preferable that the cleaning of the lattice 20 is completed). The stroke length pattern can be determined by performing simulations as appropriate.

Control of the stroke length of the movable grate row 2A during cleaning can be realized, for example, by adding a limit switch for setting the range of motion of the piston of the hydraulic drive cylinder 5 during cleaning to the existing incinerator 1. can. Similarly, a timer may be used as a means for setting a stroke length pattern during cleaning.

In the cleaning method of the present embodiment, the power added to the existing stoker-type incinerator 1 is not required. The manual work required by the operator is to install the cleaning device 40 once on the fixed grate 20B after the incineration process is completed, and if necessary, to set the area of the fixed grate 20B where the cleaning device 40 is installed. All you have to do is clean it in advance. As described above, according to the cleaning method of the present embodiment, the combustion residue existing on the surface of the hearth portion 1A can be easily removed, which is particularly economical for the incinerator 1 having a large hearth area. It is a cleaning method.

Further, in the cleaning method of the present embodiment, since the cleaning device 40 has the opening 61, the compressed fluid discharged from the opening 61 causes not only the surface of the grate row 2 but also the space between the grate rows 2. (See gaps 30A and 30B in FIG. 2) can also be cleaned, so that foreign matter blocking the gap between the grate rows 2 can be removed. Further, when the surface of the grate row 2 is uneven, the uneven portion can be cleaned, so that foreign matter is caught in the sliding portion (gap 30B in FIG. 2) between the grate rows 2 after restarting. It can also be prevented. Therefore, since the problem of non-uniform combustion due to the non-uniform supply of combustion air can be improved, the incinerator capacity of the incinerator 1 can be satisfactorily restored.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments of the invention are for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. The present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes an equivalent thereof. In addition, any combination or omission of the claims and the components described in the specification is possible within the range in which at least a part of the above-mentioned problems can be solved, or in the range in which at least a part of the effect is exhibited. Is.

The present invention includes the following aspects.
1. 1. A cleaning device that cleans the upper surface of the hearth of a stoker-type incinerator, in which movable grate rows and fixed grate rows are arranged alternately in the transport direction of the incinerator.
It is provided with a plurality of main bodies arranged so as to be aligned in the transport direction, and a connecting portion for connecting the plurality of main bodies so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction.
A cleaning device in which the front surface of the main body portion arranged at the foremost portion of a plurality of main body portions forms a spatula portion slidably engaged with the upper surface of the hearth portion at the lower edge portion thereof.
2. The plurality of main bodies have the same dimensions and shapes as those of the above 1. The cleaning device described in.
3. 3. The connecting portion includes a set of a first rod fixed to one of the two adjacent main bodies and a second rod fixed to the other of the two adjacent main bodies.
The first rod and the second rod are arranged in a relatively slidable fitted state. Or 2. The cleaning device described in.
4. The lower surface of the main body arranged at the foremost part is magnetized at least partially. ~ 3. The cleaning device described in any of.
5. The main body located in the foreground is made of a non-metal material, the main body placed in the foremost has a cavity, and the cleaning device has a magnet arranged in the cavity. 4. Above. The cleaning device described in.
6. At least a part of the lower surface of the main body portion arranged at the foremost portion is unevenly processed or is covered with the unevenly processed material. ~ 5. The cleaning device described in any of.
7. At least a part of the lower surface of the main body portion arranged at the front portion is formed of a rubber material or is covered with a rubber material. ~ 6. The cleaning device described in any of.
8. Among the plurality of main bodies, at least one main body includes a cavity to which the compressed fluid is supplied and an opening for discharging the compressed fluid from the cavity. ~ 7. The cleaning device described in any of.
9. The width of the cleaning device is the same as the width of the hearth to be cleaned. ~ 8. The cleaning device described in any of.
10. This is a cleaning method for cleaning the upper surface of the hearth of a stoker-type incinerator, in which movable grate rows and fixed grate rows are arranged alternately in steps in the transport direction of the incinerator.
The above 1. arranged on the upper surface of the hearth. ~ 9. A cleaning method, comprising moving the cleaning device according to any one of the above methods forward by driving the movable grate train while changing the stroke length of the movable grate train in a predetermined pattern.
11. The stroke of the movable grate row is stopped when the combustion residue collected by the cleaning device falls on the stepped portion of the hearth by the cleaning device. Cleaning method described in.
12. The stroke of the movable grate row is stopped when the cleaning device completes cleaning of the grate in which the cleaning device is located. Cleaning method described in.
13. The stroke of the movable grate row is stopped before the cleaning device falls to the stepped portion of the hearth. Cleaning method described in.
14. The front end of the cleaning device is stopped when it reaches the front end of the grate in which the cleaning device is located. Cleaning method described in.

The present invention can be widely applied to cleaning a parallel swing type stoker type incinerator.

L Maximum stroke length L1 Forward limit position L2, L3, L4 Intermediate position L5 Retreat limit position R Combustion residue w Width 1 Parallel swing type stoker type incinerator 1A Hearth 2 Grate line 2A Movable grate line 2B Fixed Grate row 3 Movable frame 4 Fixed frame 5 Hydraulic drive cylinder 6a Drive arm 6b Drive shaft 6c Bearing 20 Grate 20A Movable grate 20B Fixed grate 23 Upper wall part 24 Front wall part 25 Rear wall part 28 Internal space 30A, 30B Gap 40 Cleaning device 41, 41A, 41B, 41C Main body 43 Rear 45 Front 45A Spatula 46A Front 46B Rear 46C Top 46D Bottom 46E Side 47 Connecting 47A First rod 47B Second rod 47C Mounting Piece 55 Magnet 57, 59 Cavity 58 Partition 61 Opening 70 Step wall

Claims (14)

A cleaning device that cleans the upper surface of the hearth of a stoker-type incinerator, in which movable grate rows and fixed grate rows are arranged alternately in the transport direction of the incinerator.
It is provided with a plurality of main bodies arranged so as to be aligned in the transport direction, and a connecting portion for connecting the plurality of main bodies so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction.
Of the plurality of main body portions, the front surface of the main body portion arranged at the foremost portion forms a spatula portion slidably engaged with the upper surface of the hearth portion at the lower edge portion thereof for cleaning. Device. The cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of main bodies have the same dimensions and shapes as each other. The connecting portion includes a pair of a first rod fixed to one of the two adjacent main bodies and a second rod fixed to the other of the two adjacent main bodies. And
The cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first rod and the second rod are arranged in a relatively slidable fitted state. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lower surface of the main body portion arranged at the frontmost portion is magnetized at least partially. The main body portion arranged at the foremost portion is made of a non-metal material.
The cleaning device according to claim 4, wherein the main body portion arranged in the foremost portion includes a hollow portion, and the cleaning device includes a magnet arranged in the hollow portion. The cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a part of the lower surface of the main body portion arranged in the foremost portion is unevenly processed or covered with an unevenly processed material. Device. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a part of the lower surface of the main body portion arranged at the frontmost portion is formed of a rubber material or is covered with a rubber material. The first to seventh aspects of the present invention, wherein at least one of the plurality of main bodies includes a cavity to which the compressed fluid is supplied and an opening for discharging the compressed fluid from the cavity. The cleaning device according to any one item. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the width of the cleaning device is the same as the width of the hearth portion to be cleaned. This is a cleaning method for cleaning the upper surface of the hearth of a stoker-type incinerator, in which movable grate rows and fixed grate rows are arranged alternately in steps in the transport direction of the incinerator.
The cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 arranged on the upper surface of the hearth portion, while changing the stroke length of the movable grate row in a predetermined pattern, the movable grate row is formed. Cleaning methods, including moving forward by driving. The cleaning method according to claim 10, wherein the stroke of the movable grate row is stopped when the combustion residue collected by the cleaning device falls on the stepped portion of the hearth portion by the cleaning device. The cleaning method according to claim 11, wherein the stroke of the movable grate row is stopped when the cleaning device completes cleaning of the grate on which the cleaning device is located. The cleaning method according to claim 10, wherein the stroke of the movable grate row is stopped before the cleaning device falls to the stepped portion of the hearth portion. 13. The cleaning method according to claim 13, wherein the front end of the cleaning device is stopped when it reaches the front end of the grate in which the cleaning device is located.

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