JP6922454B2 - Temperature measuring device and temperature measuring method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the temperature of an object using an induced fluorescence method.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a cross section of the rolling bearing 90. The rolling bearing 90 is an annular holder that holds the inner ring 91, the outer ring 92, a plurality of tapered rollers 93 interposed between the inner ring 91 and the outer ring 92, and these tapered rollers 93 at intervals in the circumferential direction. It is equipped with a vessel 94. For example, when the inner ring 91 rotates, the tapered roller 93 revolves while rotating along the inner peripheral surface (orbital plane) of the outer ring 92 and the outer peripheral surface (orbital plane) of the inner ring 91, and at this time, the diameter of the tapered roller 93 is large. The large end surface 95 on the side slides into contact with the side surface 96 of the flange portion 97 formed on the inner ring 91. Therefore, the large end surface 95 side of the tapered roller 93 and the flange portion 97 of the inner ring 91 may become hot due to frictional heat. Therefore, in the development of bearings, the development of a technique for measuring the temperature of the large end surface 95 of the tapered roller 93 while the rolling bearing 90 is rotating is being promoted.

Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, temperature measurement using the induced fluorescence method has been proposed. In this measuring method, a fluorescent material 98 whose brightness changes with a temperature change is attached to the large end surface 95 of the cone 93 with a constant thickness, and the fluorescent material 98 is irradiated with a laser beam L to emit the excitation light E. The image is taken by the photographing device 99, and the brightness in the irradiation region of the laser beam L is obtained from the photographed image. Since the fluorescent material 98 has a correlation between the brightness of the excitation light E and the temperature, when the brightness is obtained, the temperature of the large end surface 95 can be obtained based on the correlation.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-217969

The output of the laser beam L to be irradiated is high in the center and decreases as the distance from the center increases, and the output distribution becomes like a normal distribution. Further, it is known that the brightness of the excitation light E of the fluorescent material 98 is substantially proportional to the output of the laser light L, and the higher the output, the higher the brightness. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, the luminance distribution of the excitation light in the irradiation region K0 (irradiation spot) of the laser beam is also high in the center and low in the periphery, similar to the output of the laser beam. In FIG. 12, the figure shown above is a photographed image of the irradiation region K0 by the photographing apparatus 99, and the graph shown below shows the brightness distribution of the excitation light in the irradiation region K0.

Therefore, the brightness distribution of the excitation light can be obtained from the captured image, the maximum value Bmax of the brightness can be obtained from this brightness distribution, and the temperature corresponding to this maximum value Bmax can be obtained based on the correlation. However, when the adhesion thickness of the fluorescent material 98 is thick, the brightness is measured high, and when it is thin, the brightness is measured low. Therefore, when one point of the brightness distribution (that is, the maximum value Bmax) is adopted as described above, the disturbance (that is, the maximum value Bmax) It may be greatly affected by the noise component) and is not suitable for obtaining an accurate temperature.

Therefore, since the size of the laser beam irradiation region K0 is constant and the laser output does not change, it is preferable to obtain the integrated value of the luminance distribution in order to obtain a more accurate temperature. That is, in the graph shown at the bottom of FIG. 12, the area of the hatched area is obtained. In this case, the correlation between the integrated value of the brightness distribution of the excitation light and the temperature is obtained in advance, and based on this correlation, the temperature of the large end surface 95 can be obtained from the integrated value.

Here, the rolling bearing 90 shown in FIG. 11 includes a plurality of tapered rollers 93. For example, immediately after the start of rotation, the temperature (heat generation temperature) of one tapered roller 93 and the other tapered rollers 93 may differ. be. Therefore, it is sufficient to attach the fluorescent material 98 to the large end surface 95 of each of these tapered rollers 93, which makes it possible to obtain the temperature change of these tapered rollers 93 immediately after the start of rotation.

However, as shown in FIG. 12, the excitation light in the entire irradiation region K0 of the laser beam may be photographed by the photographing apparatus, but in the following cases, it becomes impossible to obtain the temperature. That is, for example, the cage 94 (see FIG. 11) is positioned eccentrically with respect to the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 90, and the laser beam is emitted from the cage 94 in some of the plurality of tapered rollers 93. A part of the region to which the fluorescent material 98 is attached, which is blocked by a part (annular portion 94a), may be in the shadow of a part (annular portion 94a) of the cage 94. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the tapered roller 93 may be able to capture only the excitation light in a region corresponding to a part of the laser beam irradiation region K0. In this case, as described above, it becomes impossible to obtain the temperature based on the entire luminance distribution, that is, the integrated value (area) of the luminance distribution.

Therefore, the present invention is a temperature measuring device capable of obtaining the temperature of a certain object even if the excitation light can be photographed only in a region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region. And to provide a temperature measuring method.

The present invention is a temperature measuring device for determining the temperature of an object to which a fluorescent material whose brightness changes according to temperature is attached, and a passing region of the fluorescent material attached to a plurality of moving objects. It is provided with an irradiation device for irradiating a part of the object with light, a photographing device for photographing the excitation light of the fluorescent material by the light, and a calculation device for obtaining the temperature of the object from the photographed image of the photographing device. The computing device includes a first processing unit that obtains a brightness distribution in the entire region based on an image of a first object in which excitation light is photographed in the entire region corresponding to the entire irradiation region of the light, and the light. Based on the image of the second object in which the excitation light was photographed in the partial region corresponding to a part of the irradiation region of the above, the second processing unit for obtaining the characteristic value regarding the luminance characteristic of the partial region, and the whole. Based on the third processing unit for obtaining the corresponding value regarding the luminance characteristic of the range corresponding to the partial region in the region, the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value, and the luminance distribution in the entire region. It has a fourth processing unit that obtains an estimated luminance distribution in the partial region and the remaining region where the excitation light cannot be photographed, and a fifth processing unit that obtains the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution. ing.

According to this temperature measuring device, even if the excitation light can be photographed only in a partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region in the second object, the brightness distribution (that is, excitation) of the second object is excited. The estimated luminance distribution in the partial region where the light was photographed and the remaining region where the excitation light could not be photographed) was changed to the luminance distribution (luminance distribution of the first object) in the entire region corresponding to the entire light irradiation region. It is possible to obtain the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution.

Further, the second processing unit obtains the slope of a line segment connecting predetermined two points along the luminance distribution in the range in which the excitation light is photographed as the characteristic value, and the third processing unit uses the corresponding value as the corresponding value. , The two points at the positions corresponding to the predetermined two points, and the slope of the line segment connecting the two points along the luminance distribution of the entire region can be obtained. In this case, the ratio between the characteristic value and the corresponding value can be accurately obtained, and a highly accurate estimated luminance distribution can be obtained.
Alternatively, the second processing unit obtains, as the characteristic value, an integral value of the brightness distribution between predetermined two points along the brightness distribution in the range in which the excitation light is photographed, and the third processing unit obtains the integral value of the brightness distribution. As the corresponding value, it is possible to obtain the integral value of the brightness distribution between the two points corresponding to the predetermined two points and the two points along the brightness distribution in the entire region. .. In this case, the ratio between the characteristic value and the corresponding value can be accurately obtained, and a highly accurate estimated luminance distribution can be obtained.

Further, the present invention is a temperature measuring method in which a fluorescent material whose brightness changes according to temperature is attached to an object to determine the temperature of the object, and the object is attached to a plurality of moving objects. A step of irradiating a part of a passing region of the phosphor material with light, a step of photographing the excitation light of the fluorescent material by the light, and a step of obtaining the temperature of the object from the photographed image are included. The step of obtaining the temperature of the object includes the first step of obtaining the brightness distribution in the entire region based on the image of the first object in which the excitation light is photographed in the entire region corresponding to the entire irradiation region of the light. The second step of obtaining the characteristic value regarding the luminance characteristic of the partial region based on the image of the second object in which the excitation light is photographed in the partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region. Based on the third step of obtaining the corresponding value regarding the brightness characteristic of the range corresponding to the partial region in the entire region, the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value, and the brightness distribution in the entire region. The fourth step is to obtain the estimated luminance distribution in the partial region and the remaining region where the excitation light cannot be photographed, and the fifth step is to obtain the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution.

According to this temperature measurement method, even if the excitation light can be photographed only in a partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region in the second object, the brightness distribution (that is, excitation) of the second object is excited. The estimated luminance distribution in the partial region where the light was photographed and the remaining region where the excitation light could not be photographed) was changed to the luminance distribution (luminance distribution of the first object) in the entire region corresponding to the entire light irradiation region. It is possible to obtain the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution.

Further, the object is a plurality of rollers interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing and held by an annular cage, and the cage is a part of the end face of each of the plurality of rollers. It is preferable that the fluorescent material is attached to the end faces of the rollers, which have an annular portion that covers the rolling bearing from the axial direction and are included in each of the two regions separated by approximately 180 degrees from the central axis of the rolling bearing.
According to this method, the cage is eccentrically positioned with respect to the central axis of the rolling bearing, and the irradiated light is blocked by the annular portion of the cage and is included in one of the two regions. Even if a part of the light irradiation region for the roller is in the shadow of the annular portion of the cage, the light irradiation region in the roller included in the other region of the two regions is the annular portion of the cage. Is less likely to be the shadow of. That is, even if the roller included in one of the two regions becomes the second object, the roller included in the other region of the two regions is the first object. It becomes an object and the temperature can be measured.

According to the present invention, even if the excitation light can be photographed only in a partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region in the object, the brightness distribution is estimated and the temperature of the object is estimated from the estimated brightness distribution. Can be obtained.

It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the temperature measuring apparatus of this invention and the object of temperature measurement. It is the figure which looked at the rolling bearing from one side in the axial direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the photographed image by the photographing apparatus, and is the graph which shows the luminance distribution of the excitation light which this photographed image is obtained. It is a flow chart of a temperature measurement method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the large end surface side of a tapered roller and the annular part of a cage. It is explanatory drawing which shows the photographed image by the photographing apparatus, and is the graph which shows the luminance distribution of the excitation light which this photographed image is obtained. It is explanatory drawing of the temperature measurement method. It is explanatory drawing of the temperature measurement method. It is explanatory drawing of the temperature measurement method. It is a graph which shows the correlation between the integral value of the luminance distribution of the excitation light of a laser beam, and the temperature. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of a rolling bearing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the photographed image by the photographing apparatus, and is the graph which shows the luminance distribution of the excitation light which this photographed image is obtained. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the subject of this invention.

[About temperature measuring device]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a temperature measuring device and an object for temperature measurement of the present invention. In the embodiment described below, the object of temperature measurement is the tapered roller 53 included in the rolling bearing (tapered roller bearing) 50. The rolling bearing 50 includes an inner ring 51, an outer ring 52, a plurality of tapered rollers 53 interposed between the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52, and an annular cage 54 for holding the tapered rollers 53. There is. The inner ring 51 has a large collar portion 55 provided on one side in the axial direction and a small collar portion 56 provided on the other side in the axial direction and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the large collar portion 55. A raceway surface 51a through which the tapered rollers 53 roll and contact is formed between the large flange portion 55 and the small flange portion 56. A raceway surface 52a through which the tapered rollers 53 roll and contact is formed on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 52.

The cage 54 includes an annular large annular portion 61 located on one side of the tapered roller 53 in the axial direction, an annular small annular portion 62 located on the other side of the tapered roller 53 in the axial direction, and these large annular portions 61. It has a plurality of pillar portions 63 connecting the small annular portion 62 and the small annular portion 62. Between the macrocyclic portion 61 and the small annular portion 62, between the pillar portions 63 and 63 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is a pocket for accommodating the tapered rollers 53. The macrocyclic portion 61 (hereinafter, simply referred to as the annular portion 61) is located so as to face a part of the large end surface 59 on the side where the diameter of the tapered roller 53 is large, and covers a part of the large end surface 59 from the axial direction. .. The cage 54 is positioned by a plurality of tapered rollers 53, but since a gap is formed between the pocket and the tapered rollers 53, the cage 54 has a small dimension in the radial direction and the axial direction. Can be displaced.

A recess 60 is formed in the center of the large end surface 59 of the tapered roller 53, and the fluorescent material 7 is provided in the recess 60 with a constant thickness. In the present embodiment, the fluorescent dye is dispersed and melted in an adhesive, which is applied to the recess 60 and solidified, and this is used as the fluorescent material 7. For example, Rhodamine B can be used as the fluorescent dye. The fluorescent material 7 emits fluorescence having a specific wavelength by light having a predetermined wavelength. Further, the fluorescent material 7 has a property that the brightness changes according to the temperature.

FIG. 2 is a view of the rolling bearing 50 viewed from one side in the axial direction. The rolling bearing 50 includes a plurality of tapered rollers 53, and the fluorescent material 7 may be attached to all of the tapered rollers 53. However, in the present embodiment, the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 50 is the center. The fluorescent material 7 is attached to the large end surface 59 of the tapered roller 53 included in each of the two regions Q1 and Q2 (the range surrounded by the alternate long and short dash line) that are approximately 180 degrees apart.

When the rolling bearing 50 (inner ring 51 in the present embodiment) having the above configuration rotates, each tapered roller 53 revolves while rotating between the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52, and at this time, the tapered roller 53 is large. The end face 59 slides into contact with the side surface 58 of the large bearing portion 55 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the large end surface 59 side of the tapered roller 53 and the large flange portion 55 may become hot due to frictional heat. Therefore, the temperature measuring device 10 measures the temperature of the large end surface 59 in a state where the rolling bearing 50 is rotating.

In FIG. 1, the temperature measuring device 10 includes an irradiation device 11, a photographing device 12, and an arithmetic device 13. The measuring device 10 of the present embodiment further includes a shutter 14 and an optical filter 15.

The irradiation device 11 is installed on one side of the rolling bearing 50 in the axial direction. The irradiation device 11 of the present embodiment irradiates a laser beam L (YAG laser) having a predetermined wavelength. The irradiation device 11 irradiates the laser beam L to one point in the passing region of the plurality of tapered rollers 53 moving along the circumferential direction between the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52. More specifically, the irradiation device 11 irradiates a part of the passing region of the fluorescent material 7 adhering to the tapered rollers 53 with the laser beam L. The irradiation region (irradiation spot) of the laser beam L by the irradiation device 11 is smaller than the adhesion range of the fluorescent material 7. The fluorescent material 7 receives the laser light (irradiation light) L from the irradiation device 11 and emits light. The emission wavelength of the fluorescent material 7 is longer than the wavelength of the irradiation light. The irradiation device 11 may be configured by an LED or the like.

The optical filter 15 is installed between the lens 12a of the photographing apparatus 12 and the rolling bearing 50. The optical filter 15 transmits the light having the emission wavelength of the fluorescent material 7 (excitation light E), but does not transmit (block) the reflected light and the scattered light of the irradiated laser light L. As a result, the photographing device 12 can photograph the luminescent image of the fluorescent material 7 excluding the influence of the reflected light and the scattered light.

The photographing device 12 of the present embodiment is composed of a CCD camera. The photographing device 12 is installed on one side in the axial direction of the rolling bearing 50, and the photographing area by the photographing device 12 includes the irradiation area of the laser beam L by the irradiation device 11. The irradiation area and the imaging area are constant (fixed). The photographing device 12 photographs the excitation light E of the fluorescent material 7 by the laser beam L and acquires an image (two-dimensional image). In FIG. 3, the figure shown above is a photographed image of the irradiation area (irradiation spot) K0 by the photographing apparatus 12. The photographing device 12 (see FIG. 1) outputs a signal corresponding to the brightness of the light received by each of a large number of light receiving elements of the image sensor as a photographed image. The arithmetic unit 13 acquires the output signal (photographed image) of the photographing device 12, and the arithmetic unit 13 executes various processes based on the output signal to obtain the temperature of the cone 53.

The arithmetic unit 13 is composed of a computer, a storage unit 16 for storing various information (data), an arithmetic processing unit 17 composed of a CPU, and an output unit 18 for outputting various information (for example, an image of information). It is equipped with a display that outputs as. In the arithmetic unit 13, the arithmetic processing unit 17 can execute various processes according to the stored computer program, and the first processing unit 21 and the second processing unit 22 are functional units executed by the arithmetic processing unit 17. , A third processing unit 23, a fourth processing unit 24, and a fifth processing unit 25. Each of these functional units acquires the luminance distribution of the excitation light from the captured image of the photographing apparatus 12, and based on this luminance distribution, obtains the temperature of the fluorescent material 7, that is, the temperature of the portion of the tapered roller 53 on the large end surface 59 side. The process is executed. In FIG. 3, the graph shown below shows the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the irradiation region K0, and the arithmetic unit 13 can obtain the data of such a luminance distribution Ra. The specific processing performed by the arithmetic unit 13 will be described later.

[About temperature measurement method]
A temperature measuring method for determining the temperature of the tapered roller 53 to which the fluorescent material 7 is attached by the temperature measuring device 10 (see FIG. 1) configured as described above will be described. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the temperature measuring method. This temperature measuring method includes an irradiation step St1, an imaging step St2, and a calculation step St3. In the rolling bearing 50, the inner ring 51 is in a state of rotating at a constant speed, and in this state, the irradiation step St11 is started.

Before starting the irradiation step St1, as a preparation (preparation step) thereof, a fluorescent material 7 (rhodamine B) whose brightness changes according to the temperature is attached to the tapered rollers 53 as described with reference to FIG. Then, in FIGS. 1 and 4, in the irradiation step St1, in a state where the rolling bearing 50 is rotating, a part of the passing region of the fluorescent material 7 adhering to the plurality of tapered rollers 53 moving in the circumferential direction is formed. On the other hand, the irradiation device 11 irradiates the laser beam L. The size of the irradiation region (irradiation spot) of the laser beam L is constant, and the output of the laser beam does not change (constant). In the photographing step St2, the photographing apparatus 12 photographs the excitation light E of the fluorescent material 7 by the irradiated laser beam L. In the calculation step St3, the arithmetic unit 13 executes various processes to obtain the temperature of the tapered roller 53 to which the fluorescent material 7 is attached from the photographed image obtained by the photographing. As described above, in the present embodiment, the temperature of the tapered roller 53 is obtained by using the laser-induced fluorescence method.

Here, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the fluorescent material 7 is attached to the large end surface 59 of the tapered rollers 53 included in each of the two regions Q1 and Q2 that are approximately 180 degrees apart from the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 50. ing. Further, as described above, the cage 54 can be moved in the radial direction and the axial direction by a small dimension, and here, the cage 54 is displaced in the radial direction with respect to a plurality of tapered rollers 53 arranged on concentric circles (eccentricity). However, it is assumed that the cage 54 is eccentrically rotating while maintaining that state. Due to the eccentricity of the cage 54, in the tapered roller 53 included in one region Q1, as shown in FIG. 5A, the annular portion 61 is displaced in the direction away from the fluorescent material 7 (recessed portion 60). It is in. The tapered roller 53 in this region Q1 is hereinafter referred to as the first tapered roller 53. On the other hand, in the tapered roller 53 included in the other region Q2, as shown in FIG. 5B, the annular portion 61 is displaced toward the center of the fluorescent material 7 (recessed portion 60). .. The tapered roller 53 in this region Q2 is hereinafter referred to as the second tapered roller 53.

In the first conical roller 53 shown in FIG. 5A, the annular portion 61 is located outside the optical path of the laser beam L from the irradiation device 11, and the fluorescent material 7 in the irradiation region of the laser beam L is for the photographing device 12. It does not fall in the shadow of the annular portion 61. Therefore, the image obtained by the imaging device 12 when the first tapered roller 53 passes through the irradiation region of the laser beam L by the irradiation device 11 (the imaging region by the imaging device 12) is shown in FIG. It will be as follows. The information of this image is acquired by the arithmetic unit 13 (see FIG. 1) and stored in the storage unit 16.

On the other hand, in the second cone 53 shown in FIG. 5B, the annular portion 61 of the cage 54 is located in a part of the optical path of the laser beam L from the irradiation device 11, and the photographing device 12 The fluorescent material 7 in the irradiation region of the laser beam L is in the shadow of the annular portion 61. Therefore, the image obtained by the imaging device 12 when the second tapered roller 53 passes through the irradiation region of the laser beam L by the irradiation device 11 (the imaging region by the imaging device 12) is shown in FIG. It will be as follows. The information of this image is acquired by the arithmetic unit 13 (see FIG. 1) and stored in the storage unit 16.

Using the first image information when a part of the first tapered roller 53 is photographed and the second image information when a part of the second tapered roller 53 is photographed, which is stored in the storage unit 16 in this way, is used. , The arithmetic unit 13 (first processing unit 21, second processing unit 22, third processing unit 23, fourth processing unit 24, fifth processing unit 25) performs the following processing (calculation step St3).

According to the first image information (see the upper figure in FIG. 3), the excitation light is photographed in the entire region Ka corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0 of the laser beam. Therefore, the first processing unit 21 obtains the brightness distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka based on the image (first image information) of the first tapered roller 53 in which the excitation light is captured in the entire region Ka. (First step St11 in the calculation step St3 of FIG. 4). This luminance distribution Ra is shown on the lower side in FIG. The brightness of the excitation light obtained from the first image information is discrete data. That is, the first image information is information on a collection of data in which a position in the entire area Ka and a luminance (luminance value) at that position are associated with each other. In the present embodiment, the "position in the entire region Ka" is a position on a straight line J along the radial direction of the rolling bearing 50 passing through the center C1 of the irradiation region K0, and this position is expressed in x-axis coordinates. .. Therefore, the first processing unit 21 obtains an approximate expression showing the luminance distribution Ra in the entire region Ka based on the first image information. In this embodiment, the first function f (x) is obtained as this approximate expression. The first function f (x) is stored in the storage unit 16.

The size of the laser beam irradiation region (irradiation spot) K0 is constant, and the laser beam output does not change. The output of the laser beam to be irradiated is high in the center and decreases as the distance from the center increases, and the output distribution becomes like a normal distribution. Further, the brightness of the excitation light of the fluorescent material 7 is substantially proportional to the output of the laser light, and the higher the output, the higher the brightness. Therefore, as shown in the lower graph in FIG. 3, the luminance distribution of the excitation light in the laser beam irradiation region K0 (overall region Ka) is also high in the center and low in the periphery, similar to the output of the laser beam. It becomes a distribution.

Further, in this temperature measuring method, the correlation between the integrated value of the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the irradiation region K0 (overall region Ka) of the laser light from the irradiation device 11 and the temperature is obtained in advance (FIG. 10). reference). Therefore, the fifth processing unit 25 obtains an integral value of the luminance distribution Ra (function f (x)) obtained from the first image information. Further, the fifth processing unit 25 can obtain the temperature from the integrated value based on the correlation. This temperature is the temperature on the large end surface 59 side of the first tapered roller 53.

The process for determining the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 is as follows. According to the second image information (see the upper figure in FIG. 6), the excitation light is photographed in the partial region Kb corresponding to a part of the laser beam irradiation region K0. The remaining region Kz other than the part of the irradiation region K0 is in the shadow of the annular portion 61 of the cage 54, is not irradiated with the laser beam, and the excitation light is not photographed. Therefore, the second processing unit 22 has characteristics regarding the brightness characteristics of the excitation light in this partial region Kb based on the image (second image information) of the second cone 53 in which the excitation light is photographed in this partial region Kb. Obtain the value (second step St12 in FIG. 4). As the characteristic value, there are cases where a "slope" in a part of the luminance distribution Rb is adopted and a case where an "integral value (area)" in a part of the luminance distribution Rb is adopted.

<< When the characteristic value is "slope">>
A case where the characteristic value is the “slope” will be described. As shown in the graph below in FIG. 6, in the partial region Kb, only the luminance distribution Rb in a part of the irradiation region K0 can be obtained. Therefore, the second processing unit 22 performs a process of acquiring two points P1 and P2 (see FIG. 7) on the partial region Kb where the luminance distribution Rb is obtained. The point P1 is an inflection point of the luminance distribution Rb of the partial region Kb, and the point P2 is a point corresponding to the end (opposite to the point P1) of the partial region Kb. The x-axis coordinate of the point P1 is x1, the x-axis coordinate of the point P2 is x2, and these coordinate information and the brightness (luminance value) of each of the points P1 and P2 are stored in the storage unit 16. Then, the second processing unit 22 obtains the slope α1 of the line segment U1 connecting these two points P1 and P2 (that is, the rate of change in brightness between the two points P1 and P2). As described above, the second processing unit 22 sets the line segment U1 connecting the predetermined two points P1 and P2 along the luminance distribution Rb in the range (partial region Kb) where the excitation light is photographed as the characteristic value of the luminance in the partial region Kb. The slope α1 of is obtained.

Next, the third processing unit 23 is one of the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the overall region Ka as a corresponding value regarding the luminance characteristics of the range corresponding to the partial region Kb in the entire region Ka (FIG. 3). The inclination (rate of change in brightness) of the portion is obtained (third step St13 in FIG. 4). Specifically, the third processing unit 23 has the same x-axis coordinates (x1, x1) as the predetermined two points P1 and P2 (see FIG. 7) in the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka shown in FIG. The brightness (luminance value) at the two points P11 and P12 of x2) is obtained. Then, the third processing unit 23 obtains the slope α2 (that is, the rate of change in brightness) of the line segment U2 connecting these two points P11 and P12. As described above, the third processing unit 23 has two points (P11, P12) at positions (x1, x2) corresponding to the predetermined two points P1 and P2 shown in FIG. 7 as the corresponding values. The slope α2 of the line segment U2 connecting the two points P11 and P12 along the luminance distribution Ra of the entire region Ka is obtained.

The fourth processing unit 24 obtains the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value. That is, the slope α1 of the line segment U1 between the two points P1 and P2 of the luminance distribution Rb in the partial region Kb (see FIG. 7) and the slope of the line segment U2 between the two points P11 and P12 of the luminance distribution Ra in the entire region Ka. The ratio (α1 / α2) to α2 (see FIG. 8) is obtained. Then, the fourth processing unit 24 obtains the estimated luminance distribution Rc in the partial region Kb and the remaining region Kz in which the excitation light cannot be photographed (see FIG. 7). More specifically, as an approximate expression of the estimated luminance distribution Rc, a th-order represented by the product of the ratio (α1 / α2) and the first function [f (x)] stored in the storage unit 16. Generate two functions [(α1 / α2) × f (x)]. This second function is stored in the storage unit 16. As described above, the fourth processing unit 24 is divided based on the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value (α1 / α2) and the luminance distribution Ra (first function [f (x)]) in the entire region Ka. The estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) in the region Kb and the remaining region Kz in which the excitation light could not be photographed can be obtained (fourth step St14). This estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation, quadratic function) has a range in the x-axis direction similar to the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka (see FIGS. 3 and 8). That is, this estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation, quadratic function) is a luminance distribution in a region corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0, although it is a group including the estimated luminance value.

Then, as described above, in this temperature measuring method, the correlation between the integrated value of the luminance distribution of the excitation light of the laser light and the temperature (see FIG. 10) is obtained in advance. Therefore, the fifth processing unit 25 obtains the integrated value of the second function [(α1 / α2) × f (x)] which is the estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) obtained from the second image information. This integrated value is the integrated value of the region corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0. Further, the fifth processing unit 25 obtains the temperature from the integrated value based on the correlation. This temperature is the temperature of the second tapered roller 53. In this way, the fifth processing unit 25 can obtain the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 from the estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) (fifth step St15).
From the above, the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 can be obtained with the characteristic value as the "slope".

<< When the characteristic value is "integral value (area)">>
A case where the characteristic value is used as the “integral value (area)” will be described. As shown in the graph below in FIG. 6, in the partial region Kb, only the luminance distribution Rb in a part of the irradiation region K0 can be obtained. Therefore, the second processing unit 22 performs a process of acquiring two points P1 and P2 (see FIG. 9) on the partial region Kb where the luminance distribution Rb is obtained. The point P1 is an inflection point of the luminance distribution Rb of the partial region Kb, and the point P2 is a point corresponding to the end (opposite to the point P1) of the partial region Kb. The x-axis coordinate of the point P1 is x1, the x-axis coordinate of the point P2 is x2, and these coordinate information is stored in the storage unit 16. Then, the second processing unit 22 obtains the integral value (that is, the area with the hatch in FIG. 9) S1 of the luminance distribution Rb between these two points P1 and P2. As described above, the second processing unit 22 determines the luminance characteristic value in the partial region Kb as the luminance distribution between the predetermined two points P1 and P2 along the luminance distribution Rb in the range in which the excitation light is photographed (partial region Kb). The integrated value S1 of Rb is obtained.

Next, the third processing unit 23 is one of the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the overall region Ka as a corresponding value regarding the luminance characteristics of the range corresponding to the partial region Kb in the entire region Ka (FIG. 3). The integral value (area) of the part is obtained (third step St3 in FIG. 4). Specifically, the third processing unit 23 has the same x-axis coordinates (x1, x1) as the predetermined two points P1 and P2 (see FIG. 9) in the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka shown in FIG. The integral value (that is, the area with the hatch in FIG. 8) S2 of the luminance distribution Ra between the two points P11 and P12 of x2) is obtained. As described above, the third processing unit 23 has two points (P11, P12) at positions (x1, x2) corresponding to the predetermined two points P1 and P2 shown in FIG. 9 as the corresponding values. The integral value of this luminance distribution Ra between the two points P11 and P12 along the luminance distribution Ra of the entire region Ka is obtained.

The fourth processing unit 24 obtains the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value. That is, the integrated value S1 (see FIG. 9) between the two points P1 and P2 of the brightness distribution Rb in the partial region Kb and the integrated value between the two points P11 and P12 of the brightness distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka. The ratio (S1 / S2) to S2 (see FIG. 8) is obtained. Then, the fourth processing unit 24 obtains the estimated luminance distribution Rc in the partial region Kb and the remaining region Kz in which the excitation light cannot be photographed (see FIG. 9). More specifically, as an approximate expression of the estimated luminance distribution Rc, a th-order represented by the product of the ratio (S1 / S2) and the first function [f (x)] stored in the storage unit 16. Two functions [(S1 / S2) × f (x)] are generated. This second function is stored in the storage unit 16. As described above, the fourth processing unit 24 is divided based on the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value (S1 / S2) and the luminance distribution Ra (first function [f (x)]) in the entire region Ka. The estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) in the region Kb and the remaining region Kz in which the excitation light could not be photographed can be obtained (fourth step St4). This estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation, quadratic function) has a range in the x-axis direction similar to the luminance distribution Ra of the excitation light in the entire region Ka (see FIGS. 3 and 8). That is, this estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation, quadratic function) is a luminance distribution in a region corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0, although it is a group including the estimated luminance value.

Then, as described above, in this temperature measuring method, the correlation between the integrated value of the luminance distribution of the excitation light of the laser light and the temperature is obtained in advance (see FIG. 10). Therefore, the fifth processing unit 25 obtains the integrated value of the second function [(S1 / S2) × f (x)] which is the estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) obtained from the second image information. This integrated value is the integrated value of the region corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0. Further, the fifth processing unit 25 obtains the temperature from the integrated value based on the correlation. This temperature is the temperature of the second tapered roller 53. In this way, the fifth processing unit 25 can obtain the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 from the estimated luminance distribution Rc (approximate equation) (fifth step St5).
From the above, the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 can be obtained by using the characteristic value as the "integral value (area)".

[Temperature measurement method of this embodiment]
As described above, according to the temperature measuring method performed by the temperature measuring device 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), in the second cone 53, a part of the irradiation region of the laser beam L is formed. Even if the excitation light can be photographed only in the corresponding partial region Kb (see FIGS. 6 and 7), the brightness distribution of the second cone 53 (that is, the partial region Kb and the remaining region Kz in which the excitation light cannot be photographed). The estimated luminance distribution Rc) in the above is the luminance distribution Ra in the entire region Ka (see FIG. 3) corresponding to the entire irradiation region K0 of the laser beam (luminance distribution Ra of the first cone 53: first function f (x)). ) Can be obtained. Then, the temperature of the second tapered roller 53 can be obtained from this estimated luminance distribution Rc. That is, even if the fluorescent material 7 attached to the tapered roller 53 is blocked by a part of the cage 54, the temperature of the tapered roller 53 can be obtained.

Further, in the rolling bearing 50 of the present embodiment (see FIG. 2), the annular portion 61 included in the cage 54 covers a part of the large end surfaces 59 of each of the plurality of tapered rollers 53 from the axial direction. Then, the cage 54 is eccentrically positioned with respect to the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 50, and the laser beam is blocked by the annular portion 61 of the cage 54, and as shown in FIG. 5 (B), the large end surface. A part of the irradiation region of the laser beam in the fluorescent material 7 attached to the 59 may be in the shadow of the annular portion 61.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIG. 2, fluorescence is applied to the large end surface 59 of the tapered rollers 53 included in each of the two regions Q1 and Q2 which are approximately 180 degrees apart from the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 50. Material 7 is attached.
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 6, even if a part of the irradiation region of the laser beam L in the tapered roller 53 included in the region Q2 is in the shadow of the annular portion 61, it is on the opposite side. The irradiation region of the laser beam L in the tapered roller 53 included in a certain region Q1 (see FIG. 5A) is not a shadow of the annular portion 61 of the cage 54. Therefore, it is possible to reliably measure the temperature of the tapered rollers 53 located approximately 180 degrees apart from each other.
If the cage 54 is arranged concentrically with the central axis C0 of the rolling bearing 50, the irradiation region of the laser beam does not overlap with the annular portion 61 for all the tapered rollers 53, and corresponds to the entire irradiation region. The brightness distribution Ra of the excitation light can be obtained in the entire region Ka, and the temperature of the tapered roller 53 can be obtained.

The combination of the two tapered rollers 53 included in the two regions Q1 and Q2 may be other than one in the region Q1 and three in the region Q2 as shown in FIG. 2, for example, three regions in the region Q1. The number of tapered rollers 53 included in the region Q1 and the region Q2 can be set to five in Q2, or even and odd. Further, the fluorescent material 7 may be attached to only one of the regions Q1 (the fluorescent material 7 may not be attached to other than the above one), or the fluorescent material 7 may be attached to all the tapered rollers 53. .. Further, even when the two regions Q1 and Q2 are divided as shown in FIG. 2, the measurement can be performed even if the distance between the two regions is not 180 degrees.

Further, in the temperature measuring method (temperature measuring device 10), the irradiation device 11 continuously irradiates the irradiation area with the laser beam over time, and the photographing device 12 continuously photographs the irradiation area over time. ing. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, since the tapered roller 53 to be measured for temperature exists at a pitch of 180 degrees along the circumferential direction, the tapered roller bearing 50 has a rotation cycle of 1/2. At the timing when the tapered roller 53 to which the fluorescent material 7 is attached passes through the imaging region (irradiation region), the imaging apparatus 12 may photograph the irradiation region over time. As a result, a photographed image can be acquired each time the tapered roller 53 to which the fluorescent material 7 is attached passes through the photographing area (irradiation area), and for each photographed image, the tapered roller 53 is subjected to the temperature measuring method. The temperature can be calculated. As a result, the arithmetic unit 13 can obtain the time change of the temperature of the tapered roller 53.

Each of the above-mentioned processes performed by the arithmetic unit 13 may be executed in a time zone that overlaps with the time zone in which the photographing device 12 performs shooting, but after the time zone in which the shooting image is recorded, for example, the photographed image is recorded. You may execute it with.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the characteristic value (corresponding value) is set to "slope" or "integrated value", but other values may be used. When the slope is adopted, it may be the slope at a specific point in addition to the slope of the line segment between two points.

The embodiments disclosed as described above are exemplary in all respects and are not restrictive. That is, the temperature measuring device and the temperature measuring method of the present invention are not limited to the illustrated form, and may be other forms within the scope of the present invention. In the above embodiment, the object of temperature measurement is tapered roller 53, but it may be a cylindrical roller provided in a cylindrical roller bearing. Further, the object may be other than the constituent members of the rolling bearing (rolling body such as tapered rollers 53), and may be, for example, the tooth portion of the gear. In this case, a fluorescent material is attached to the tooth portion.

7: Luminance material 10: Temperature measuring device 11: Irradiation device 12: Imaging device 13: Computational device 21: First processing unit 22: Second processing unit 23: Third processing unit 24: Fourth processing unit 25: Fifth processing Part 50: Rolling bearing 51: Inner ring 52: Outer ring 53: Tapered roller (object) 54: Cage 59: Large end face 61: Large annular part (annular part) Q1, Q2: Two areas K0: Irradiation area Ka: Overall Region Kb: Subregion Kz: Remaining region Ra: Luminance distribution Rb: Luminance distribution Rc: Estimated luminance distribution P1, P2: Two points P11, P12: Two points U1, U2: Line segment α1, α2: Tilt S1, S2: Integration Value C0: Central axis

Claims (5)

A temperature measuring device that measures the temperature of an object to which a fluorescent material whose brightness changes according to the temperature is attached.
An irradiation device that irradiates a part of a passing region of the fluorescent material adhering to a plurality of moving objects, and an irradiation device.
An imaging device that captures the excitation light of the fluorescent material by the light, and
A computing device for obtaining the temperature of the object from the captured image of the photographing device is provided.
The arithmetic unit
The first processing unit that obtains the brightness distribution in the entire region based on the image of the first object in which the excitation light is photographed in the entire region corresponding to the entire irradiation region of the light.
Based on the image of the second object in which the excitation light was photographed in the partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region, the second processing unit for obtaining the characteristic value regarding the luminance characteristic of the partial region, and the second processing unit.
A third processing unit for obtaining a corresponding value regarding the luminance characteristics of the range corresponding to the partial region in the entire region, and
Based on the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value and the luminance distribution in the entire region, the fourth processing unit for obtaining the estimated luminance distribution in the partial region and the remaining region where the excitation light could not be photographed. ,
A fifth processing unit that obtains the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution, and
Has a temperature measuring device. As the characteristic value, the second processing unit obtains the slope of a line segment connecting predetermined two points along the luminance distribution in the range in which the excitation light is photographed.
The third processing unit obtains, as the corresponding value, the inclination of a line segment connecting the two points at the positions corresponding to the predetermined two points and along the brightness distribution of the entire region. Item 2. The temperature measuring device according to item 1. As the characteristic value, the second processing unit obtains an integral value of the luminance distribution between predetermined two points along the luminance distribution in the range in which the excitation light is photographed.
As the corresponding value, the third processing unit sets the integrated value of the luminance distribution between the two points at the positions corresponding to the predetermined two points and along the luminance distribution of the entire region. The temperature measuring device according to claim 1. A temperature measurement method in which a fluorescent material whose brightness changes according to temperature is attached to an object to determine the temperature of the object.
A step of irradiating a part of the passing region of the fluorescent material adhering to the moving plurality of objects with light, and
The step of photographing the excitation light of the fluorescent material by the light, and
Including the step of obtaining the temperature of the object from the captured image.
In the step of determining the temperature of the object,
The first step of obtaining the brightness distribution in the entire region based on the image of the first object in which the excitation light is photographed in the entire region corresponding to the entire irradiation region of the light.
The second step of obtaining the characteristic value regarding the luminance characteristic of the partial region based on the image of the second object in which the excitation light is photographed in the partial region corresponding to a part of the light irradiation region.
The third step of obtaining the corresponding value regarding the luminance characteristic of the range corresponding to the partial region in the entire region, and
A fourth step of obtaining an estimated luminance distribution in the partial region and the remaining region where the excitation light could not be photographed, based on the ratio of the characteristic value to the corresponding value and the luminance distribution in the entire region.
The fifth step of obtaining the temperature of the second object from the estimated luminance distribution, and
Includes temperature measurement methods. The object is a plurality of rollers interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing and held by an annular cage.
The cage has an annular portion that covers a part of the end face of each of the plurality of rollers from the axial direction.
The temperature measuring method according to claim 4, wherein the fluorescent material is attached to the end faces of the rollers included in each of the two regions separated by approximately 180 degrees from the central axis of the rolling bearing.

Images