Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP6942611B2 - Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP6942611B2 - Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria - Google Patents

Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6942611B2
JP6942611B2 JP2017215821A JP2017215821A JP6942611B2 JP 6942611 B2 JP6942611 B2 JP 6942611B2 JP 2017215821 A JP2017215821 A JP 2017215821A JP 2017215821 A JP2017215821 A JP 2017215821A JP 6942611 B2 JP6942611 B2 JP 6942611B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
medium
acetic acid
wine
acid bacteria
concentration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2017215821A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2019083771A (en
Inventor
奥村 健一
健一 奥村
瞳 岡田
瞳 岡田
静 野場
静 野場
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Breweries Ltd
Original Assignee
Asahi Breweries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Breweries Ltd filed Critical Asahi Breweries Ltd
Priority to JP2017215821A priority Critical patent/JP6942611B2/en
Publication of JP2019083771A publication Critical patent/JP2019083771A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6942611B2 publication Critical patent/JP6942611B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Description

本発明は、主にワインに混入している酢酸菌を検出するために有用な微生物培養用培地、及び当該微生物培養用培地を用いて、被検試料中の酢酸菌を検出する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a medium for culturing microorganisms, which is mainly useful for detecting acetobacters mixed in wine, and a method for detecting acetobacters in a test sample using the medium for culturing microorganisms.

ワインは、ブドウの搾り汁をワイン酵母で発酵させて得られる醸造酒である。このため、ワインには、ワイン酵母以外にも原料のブドウなどに由来する様々な微生物が含まれている場合がある。ワインの保存中にこれらの微生物が増殖することによって、混濁が生じたり、ワインの香味が損なわれることがある。特に、ワインにとって、ある種の酢酸菌は有害菌である。酢酸菌が増殖すると、産生される酢酸によってワインの香味が大きく損なわれる。 Wine is a brewed liquor obtained by fermenting grape juice with wine yeast. Therefore, wine may contain various microorganisms derived from raw material grapes and the like in addition to wine yeast. The growth of these microorganisms during wine storage can lead to turbidity and impaired wine flavor. Especially for wine, some acetic acid bacteria are harmful. When acetic acid bacteria grow, the acetic acid produced greatly impairs the flavor of the wine.

このため、微生物混濁や香味劣化を抑制するために、多くのワインには、亜硫酸塩を添加して微生物耐久性を向上させている。しかしながら、亜硫酸塩は、健康への影響も懸念されている。そこで、最近では、亜硫酸塩無添加のワインの製造が増加しつつある。この亜硫酸塩無添加ワインでは、容器充填前のワインに酢酸菌が含まれていると、保存後に微生物混濁が生じる可能性が高い。そこで、容器充填前に予めワインに酢酸菌が含まれているかどうかを調べることが行われている。 Therefore, in order to suppress microbial turbidity and flavor deterioration, sulfites are added to many wines to improve microbial durability. However, sulfites are also concerned about their health effects. Therefore, in recent years, the production of sulfite-free wine has been increasing. In this sulfite-free wine, if the wine before filling in a container contains acetic acid bacteria, there is a high possibility that microbial turbidity will occur after storage. Therefore, it is investigated in advance whether or not the wine contains acetic acid bacteria before filling the container.

微生物混濁の懸念が高い亜硫酸無添加ワインにおける酢酸菌の検出検査は、一般的に、被検試料であるワインを、酢酸菌の生育が可能な平板培地に塗抹し、生育したコロニーについて酢酸菌かどうかを判別する方法で行われている。この際に使用される平板培地としては、酢酸菌検出用として市販されている培地はないため、従来は、市販のpH6程度の一般的な合成培地にエタノールやワイン等を添加した平板培地を調製して用いていた(例えば、非特許文献1参照。)。 In general, the detection test for acetic acid bacteria in wine without sulfite, which is highly concerned about microbial turbidity, is to smear the wine, which is the test sample, on a plate medium on which acetic acid bacteria can grow, and check whether the grown colonies are acetic acid bacteria. It is done by a method of determining whether or not. As the plate medium used at this time, there is no commercially available medium for detecting acetobacter, so conventionally, a plate medium obtained by adding ethanol, wine, etc. to a commercially available general synthetic medium having a pH of about 6 is prepared. (See, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

Bartowsky et al.,Letters in Applied Microbiology,2003,vol.36,p.307-314.Bartowsky et al., Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2003, vol.36, p.307-314.

実際のワイン製造現場において、酢酸菌検出検査を行う場合、使用する微生物検査用培地としては、酢酸菌の検出感度が高く、かつ酢酸菌などのワイン混濁菌以外の菌の検出が抑制されているものが好ましい。さらに、ワイン製造現場において比較的簡便に調製できることも重要である。 When performing an acetic acid bacterium detection test at an actual wine manufacturing site, the medium used for the microbial test has high detection sensitivity for acetobacter and suppresses the detection of bacteria other than wine turbid bacteria such as acetobacter. Is preferable. Furthermore, it is also important that it can be prepared relatively easily at the winemaking site.

本発明は、被検試料、主にワインに混入している酢酸菌を検出するために有用な微生物培養用培地、及び当該微生物培養用培地を用いて、被検試料中の酢酸菌を検出する方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention detects acetobacter in a test sample using a test sample, a medium for culturing microorganisms useful for detecting acetobacters mainly mixed in wine, and the medium for culturing the microorganisms. The purpose is to provide a method.

本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究した結果、酢酸菌の培養には炭素源と窒素源とワインを含む培地を用いること、この際、培地の遊離型亜硫酸濃度を15ppm以下に抑え、かつpHを3.5〜4.5の範囲内に調整することにより、環境菌の生育を効果的に抑制することができ、酢酸菌の検出精度を有意に向上させられることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。 As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the present inventor used a medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source and wine for culturing acetobacter, and at this time, suppressed the free sulfite concentration of the medium to 15 ppm or less. In addition, by adjusting the pH within the range of 3.5 to 4.5, it was found that the growth of environmental bacteria can be effectively suppressed and the detection accuracy of acetobacter can be significantly improved. Completed the invention.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地及び酢酸菌の検出方法は、下記[1]〜[10]である。
[1] 炭素源と窒素源とワインを含有し、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が0ppmであり、pH3.5〜4.5であり、エタノール濃度が2〜4容量%であり、酢酸菌検出用である、微生物培養用培地。
[2] pHが3.5〜4.2である、前記[1]の微生物培養用培地。
[3] 前記ワイン濃度が、前記培地のエタノール濃度が2〜4容量%となる濃度である、前記[1]又は[2]の微生物培養用培地。
[4] 前記炭素源濃度が0.5〜50g/Lであり、前記窒素源濃度が5〜20g/Lである、前記[1]〜[3]のいずれかの微生物培養用培地。
[5] 平板培地である、前記[1]〜[4]のいずれかの微生物培養用培地。
[6] さらに、寒天を含有し、寒天濃度が15g/L以下である、前記[1]〜[4]のいずれかの微生物培養用培地。
[7] 前記[5]又は[6]の微生物培養用培地に、被検試料を塗抹した後、形成されたコロニーが酢酸菌かどうかを判定する、酢酸菌の検出方法。
[8] 酢酸菌かどうかの判定を、コロニーの外観、ゲノムの配列情報、及び発現しているタンパク質の情報かならなる群より選択される一種以上に基づいて判定する、前記[7]の酢酸菌の検出方法。
[9] 酢酸菌かどうかの判定を、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間質量分析を用いて行う、前記[7]の酢酸菌の検出方法。
[10] 前記被検試料がワインである、前記[7]〜[9]のいずれかの酢酸菌の検出方法。
The medium for culturing microorganisms and the method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to the present invention are as follows [1] to [10].
[1] contains carbon and nitrogen sources and wine, free sulfurous acid concentration is is 0 ppm, PH3.5~4.5 der is, the ethanol concentration is 2-4% by volume, with a acetic acid bacteria detection Oh Ru, a medium for microbial culture.
[2] The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the above [1], which has a pH of 3.5 to 4.2.
[3] The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the wine concentration is such that the ethanol concentration of the medium is 2 to 4% by volume.
[4] The medium for culturing a microorganism according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the carbon source concentration is 0.5 to 50 g / L and the nitrogen source concentration is 5 to 20 g / L.
[5] The medium for culturing microorganisms according to any one of the above [1] to [4], which is a plate medium.
[6] The medium for culturing microorganisms according to any one of the above [1] to [4], which further contains agar and has an agar concentration of 15 g / L or less.
[7] A method for detecting acetic acid bacteria, which determines whether or not the formed colonies are acetic acid bacteria after smearing the test sample on the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the above [5] or [6].
[8] The acetic acid according to the above [7], which determines whether or not it is an acetic acid bacterium, based on one or more selected from the group consisting of the appearance of the colony, the sequence information of the genome, and the information of the expressed protein. Bacterial detection method.
[9] The method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to the above [7], wherein determination of whether or not it is acetic acid bacteria is performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
[10] The method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to any one of [7] to [9] above, wherein the test sample is wine.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、酢酸菌の生育に適しているものの、その他の自然界に多く存在している微生物の生育には適さない。このため、当該培地は、微生物混濁の懸念が高い亜硫酸無添加ワインにおいて、ワイン混濁菌の一つである酢酸菌を検出する培地として特に好適である。
また、当該培地を用いた本発明に係る酢酸菌の検出方法により、ワイン等の被検試料中の酢酸菌を容易に検出することができる。
Although the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is suitable for the growth of acetic acid bacteria, it is not suitable for the growth of other microorganisms that are abundant in nature. Therefore, the medium is particularly suitable as a medium for detecting acetic acid bacteria, which is one of the wine turbid bacteria, in wine without sulfurous acid, which is highly concerned about microbial turbidity.
Further, by the method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to the present invention using the medium, acetic acid bacteria in a test sample such as wine can be easily detected.

<微生物培養用培地>
本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、炭素源と窒素源とワインを含有し、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が15ppm以下であり、pH3.5〜4.5である。微生物検査に使用される微生物培養用培地としては、検出対象の微生物が生育可能であることに加えて、検査工程で混入してしまう環境菌(一般的に自然環境に存在する微生物)の培養を充分に抑制することが必要である。環境菌の生育を抑制することにより、目的の微生物の検出精度を高められるためである。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、様々な種類の酢酸菌の生育が可能であることに加えて、環境菌の生育を充分に抑制することができるため、特に、酢酸菌検出検査に使用される微生物培養用培地として有用であり、特にワイン中の酢酸菌を検出するための検査に使用される微生物培養用培地として有用である。
<Medium for microbial culture>
The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source and wine, has a free sulfurous acid concentration of 15 ppm or less, and has a pH of 3.5 to 4.5. As a medium for culturing microorganisms used for microbial inspection, in addition to being able to grow the microorganism to be detected, culturing environmental bacteria (generally microorganisms existing in the natural environment) that are mixed in during the inspection process is used. It is necessary to suppress it sufficiently. This is because the detection accuracy of the target microorganism can be improved by suppressing the growth of environmental bacteria. The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is particularly used for acetobacter detection and inspection because it can grow various types of acetic acid bacteria and can sufficiently suppress the growth of environmental bacteria. It is useful as a medium for culturing microorganisms, and is particularly useful as a medium for culturing microorganisms used for tests for detecting acetobacter in wine.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、微生物の栄養源として炭素源を含有する。当該培地が含有する炭素源としては、いずれかの酢酸菌が資化可能な炭素源であれば特に限定されるものではなく、一般的に微生物培養用培地の原料として用いられている炭素源と同様のものが挙げられる。また、1種類の炭素源のみを含む培地であってもよく、2種類以上の炭素源を含む培地であってもよい。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有する炭素源としては、具体的には、グルコース、スクロース、マルトース、マンノース、ガラクトース、フラクトース、澱粉加水分解物、糖蜜等の糖類;マンニトール、エリスリトール等の糖アルコール類;グリセロール、エタノール、プロパノール等のアルコール類;酢酸、リンゴ酸、乳酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、プロピオン酸、マロン酸等の有機酸などが挙げられる。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有する炭素源としては、比較的多くの酢酸菌が資化性であることから、グルコース、グリセロール、酢酸、乳酸、及びリンゴ酸からなる群より選択される1種以上が好ましい。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地の炭素源濃度としては、特に限定されるものではないが、酢酸菌をより短時間で効率よく検出できることから、0.1〜100g/Lであることが好ましく、0.5〜50g/Lであることがより好ましい。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention contains a carbon source as a nutrient source for microorganisms. The carbon source contained in the medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a carbon source that can be assimilated by any acetic acid bacterium, and is generally a carbon source used as a raw material for a medium for culturing microorganisms. Similar things can be mentioned. Further, the medium may contain only one type of carbon source, or may be a medium containing two or more types of carbon sources. Specific examples of the carbon source contained in the microbial culture medium according to the present invention include sugars such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, mannose, galactose, fructose, starch hydrolysate, and sugar honey; sugar alcohols such as mannitol and erythritol. Classes; alcohols such as glycerol, ethanol and propanol; organic acids such as acetic acid, malic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, propionic acid and malonic acid. The carbon source contained in the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is selected from the group consisting of glucose, glycerol, acetic acid, lactic acid, and malic acid because a relatively large number of acetic acid bacteria are assimilating. Seeds or higher are preferred. The carbon source concentration of the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 100 g / L because acetobacter can be detected efficiently in a shorter time. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 50 g / L.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、微生物の栄養源として窒素源を含有する。当該培地が含有する窒素源としては、いずれかの酢酸菌が資化可能な窒素源であれば特に限定されるものではなく、一般的に微生物培養用培地の原料として用いられている窒素源と同様のものが挙げられる。また、1種類の窒素源のみを含む培地であってもよく、2種類以上の窒素源を含む培地であってもよい。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有する窒素源としては、具体的には、アミノ酸、硝酸カリウム、硝酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、アンモニア、尿素、カゼイン、ポリペプトン、ペプトン、カザミノ酸、NZアミン、トリプトース、コーンスティープリカー、酵母エキス、肉エキス、魚肉エキスなどが挙げられる。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有する窒素源としては、比較的多くの酢酸菌が資化性であることから、カゼイン、ポリペプトン、ペプトン、カザミノ酸、NZアミン、酵母エキス、及び肉エキスからなる群より選択される1種以上が好ましい。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地の窒素源濃度としては、特に限定されるものではないが、酢酸菌をより短時間で効率よく検出できることから、1〜30g/Lであることが好ましく、5〜20g/Lであることがより好ましい。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention contains a nitrogen source as a nutrient source for microorganisms. The nitrogen source contained in the medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a nitrogen source that can be assimilated by any acetic acid bacterium, and the nitrogen source is generally used as a raw material for a medium for culturing microorganisms. Similar things can be mentioned. Further, the medium may contain only one type of nitrogen source, or may be a medium containing two or more types of nitrogen sources. Specific examples of the nitrogen source contained in the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention include amino acids, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonia, urea, casein, polypeptone, peptone, casamino acid, and NZ. Examples include amines, tryptoses, corn steep liquors, yeast extracts, meat extracts, fish meat extracts and the like. As the nitrogen source contained in the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention, since a relatively large number of acetic acid bacteria are assimilating, casein, polypeptone, peptone, casamino acid, NZ amine, yeast extract, and meat extract are used. One or more selected from the above group is preferable. The nitrogen source concentration of the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 30 g / L, preferably 1 to 30 g / L, because acetic acid bacteria can be detected efficiently in a shorter time. More preferably, it is 20 g / L.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、一般的な微生物培養用の合成培地で使用されている炭素源と窒素源に加えて、ワインを含有している。酢酸菌の資化性は様々であり、酢酸やエタノールに対する資化性を有するが、グルコースに対する資化性がない酢酸菌もある。一般的に、ワイン中には、エタノール、グリセロール等のアルコール;酢酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸等の有機酸;プロリン、アルギニン等のアミノ酸などの、微生物培養のための炭素源や窒素源となり得る成分が含まれている。つまり、ワインを培地成分に含ませることにより、様々な酢酸菌の生育に必要な炭素源や窒素源を確保することが容易となる。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、ワインを含むことにより、ワイン中で増殖可能であって、資化性の異なる様々な種類の酢酸菌を効率よく生育させることができる。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention contains wine in addition to the carbon source and nitrogen source used in a general synthetic medium for culturing microorganisms. Acetic acid bacteria have various assimilation properties, and some acetic acid bacteria have assimilation properties for acetic acid and ethanol, but not for glucose. Generally, alcohols such as ethanol and glycerol; organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid and malic acid; amino acids such as proline and arginine, which can be carbon sources and nitrogen sources for culturing microorganisms, are contained in wine. include. That is, by including wine in the medium component, it becomes easy to secure a carbon source and a nitrogen source necessary for the growth of various acetic acid bacteria. By containing wine, the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention can grow in wine and can efficiently grow various types of acetic acid bacteria having different assimilation properties.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有するワインとしては、特に限定されるものではなく、赤ワインであってもよく、白ワインであってもよく、ロゼワインであってもよい。また、本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が含有するワインとしては、亜硫酸塩が添加されているワインであってもよいが、亜硫酸塩無添加ワインの方が好ましい。 The wine contained in the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be red wine, white wine, or rose wine. The wine contained in the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention may be wine to which sulfites are added, but wine without sulfites is preferable.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地のワイン濃度としては、培地の遊離型亜硫酸濃度が15ppm以下となる量であれば特に限定されるものではないが、培地のエタノール濃度が2〜4容量%となる濃度であることが好ましい。エタノール濃度が前記範囲内であることにより、酢酸菌の生育は可能としつつ、大多数の環境菌の生育を充分に抑制することができる。例えば、本発明に係る微生物培養用培地のワイン濃度は、100〜300mL/Lとすることができる。 The wine concentration of the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the free sulfite concentration of the medium is 15 ppm or less, but the ethanol concentration of the medium is 2 to 4% by volume. It is preferably a concentration. When the ethanol concentration is within the above range, the growth of acetic acid bacteria can be allowed, and the growth of the majority of environmental bacteria can be sufficiently suppressed. For example, the wine concentration of the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention can be 100 to 300 mL / L.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、炭素源、窒素源、及びワインの他にも、その他の成分を含有していてもよい。当該その他の成分としては、培地に添加されることによって酢酸菌の生育を過剰に抑制しないものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、無機イオンやビタミン類を必要に応じ添加することは有効である。無機イオンとしては、例えば、カリウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、カルシウムイオン、マグネシウムイオン、鉄イオン、マンガンイオン、モリブデンイオン、リン酸イオン、塩化物イオン、硫酸イオン等が挙げられる。ビタミン類としては、チアミン、イノシトール、パントテン酸、ニコチン酸アミド等が挙げられる。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention may contain other components in addition to the carbon source, nitrogen source, and wine. The other components are not particularly limited as long as they do not excessively suppress the growth of acetic acid bacteria by being added to the medium, and it is effective to add inorganic ions and vitamins as needed. be. Examples of the inorganic ions include potassium ions, sodium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions, iron ions, manganese ions, molybdenum ions, phosphate ions, chloride ions, sulfate ions and the like. Examples of vitamins include thiamine, inositol, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid amide and the like.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が15ppm以下であり、13ppm以下であることがより好ましい。遊離型亜硫酸濃度が高いと、酢酸菌の生育が抑制されるため、酢酸菌検出のために必要な培養時間が長くなる。遊離型亜硫酸濃度が低いほど、酢酸菌の生育が抑制されにくく、より短時間の培養で酢酸菌を検出できる。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention has a free sulfurous acid concentration of 15 ppm or less, more preferably 13 ppm or less. When the free sulfurous acid concentration is high, the growth of acetic acid bacteria is suppressed, so that the culture time required for detecting acetic acid bacteria becomes long. The lower the concentration of free sulfurous acid, the less likely it is that the growth of acetic acid bacteria will be suppressed, and acetic acid bacteria can be detected by culturing for a shorter period of time.

ワイン中に含まれている亜硫酸塩は、糖やアルデヒド等の他の成分と結合している結合型亜硫酸と、遊離型亜硫酸とに分けられる。遊離型亜硫酸は、酸性では、重亜硫酸イオン(HSO3−)と分子状の亜硫酸(分子状SO、二酸化硫黄)とになる。微生物に対する抗菌作用は、主に分子状SOによる。重亜硫酸イオンと分子状SOの存在比は、pHによって変動する。pHが3.5超の酸性では、重亜硫酸イオンよりも分子状SOの存在比率が高くなり、逆にpHが3.2未満では、重亜硫酸イオンの存在比率のほうが分子状SOよりも高くなる。例えば、pH3.5〜4.5の範囲内においては、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が13ppm以下である場合、分子状SO濃度は0.8ppm以下である。 Sulfites contained in wine are divided into bound sulfites that are bound to other components such as sugars and aldehydes, and free sulfites. Free sulfurous acid, when acidic, becomes bisulfite ion (HSO 3- ) and molecular sulfurous acid (molecular SO 2 , sulfur dioxide). Antimicrobial action against microorganisms, mainly due to molecular SO 2. The abundance ratio of sodium bisulfite to molecular SO 2 varies depending on the pH. When the pH is more than 3.5, the abundance ratio of molecular SO 2 is higher than that of bisulfite ion, and conversely, when the pH is less than 3.2, the abundance ratio of bisulfite ion is higher than that of molecular SO 2. It gets higher. For example, in the pH range of 3.5 to 4.5, when the free sulfurous acid concentration is 13 ppm or less, the molecular SO 2 concentration is 0.8 ppm or less.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、pHが3.5〜4.5、好ましくは3.5〜4.2である。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、pHが充分に酸性であるため、pHが6付近である一般的な微生物培養用培地を用いた場合よりも、環境菌の生育が顕著に抑制されるため、酢酸菌の検出精度が向上する。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention has a pH of 3.5 to 4.5, preferably 3.5 to 4.2. Since the pH of the microbial culture medium according to the present invention is sufficiently acidic, the growth of environmental bacteria is significantly suppressed as compared with the case of using a general microbial culture medium having a pH of around 6. , The detection accuracy of acetic acid bacteria is improved.

本発明に係る微生物培養用培地は、液体培地であってもよく、平板培地であってもよい。平板培地の場合、含有するゲル成分としては、酢酸菌の生育を抑制しないものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、汎用されており、取扱い性に優れている点から寒天が好ましい。本発明に係る微生物培養用培地が平板培地である場合の寒天濃度は、平板培地となるために充分な濃度であれば特に限定されるものではないが、15g/L以下であることが好ましい。寒天濃度が低いほど、酢酸菌の生育が促進される結果、より短時間の培養で充分な大きさのコロニーを形成できる。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention may be a liquid medium or a plate medium. In the case of a plate medium, the gel component contained is not particularly limited as long as it does not suppress the growth of acetic acid bacteria, but agar is preferable because it is widely used and has excellent handleability. When the medium for culturing microorganisms according to the present invention is a plate medium, the agar concentration is not particularly limited as long as it is sufficient to be a plate medium, but it is preferably 15 g / L or less. The lower the agar concentration, the more the growth of acetic acid bacteria is promoted, and as a result, colonies of sufficient size can be formed by culturing for a shorter period of time.

<酢酸菌の検出方法>
本発明に係る酢酸菌の検出方法は、前記微生物培養用培地の平板培地に、被検試料を塗抹した後、形成されたコロニーが酢酸菌かどうかを判定する。被検試料としては特に限定されるものではないが、ワインが好ましい。
<Method of detecting acetic acid bacteria>
In the method for detecting acetobacter according to the present invention, after smearing a test sample on a plate medium of the microorganism culture medium, it is determined whether or not the formed colonies are acetobacter. The test sample is not particularly limited, but wine is preferable.

平板培地への被検試料の塗抹は、常法により行うことができる。被検試料を塗抹した平板培地を、所定時間培養することにより、コロニーを形成させる。培養期間としては特に限定されるものではないが、1〜10日間が好ましく、3〜7日間がより好ましく、4〜6日間がさらに好ましい。培養温度は、酢酸菌が培養可能な温度であれば特に限定されるものではなく、10〜40℃が好ましく、15〜38℃がより好ましく、20〜38℃がさらに好ましく、25〜35℃がよりさらに好ましい。 The test sample can be smeared on the plate medium by a conventional method. Colonies are formed by culturing the plate medium smeared with the test sample for a predetermined time. The culture period is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10 days, more preferably 3 to 7 days, and even more preferably 4 to 6 days. The culture temperature is not particularly limited as long as the acetic acid bacteria can be cultivated, and is preferably 10 to 40 ° C, more preferably 15 to 38 ° C, further preferably 20 to 38 ° C, and 25 to 35 ° C. Even more preferable.

被検試料中に酢酸菌が含まれていた場合には、培養により、酢酸菌のコロニーが形成される。培養後に形成されたコロニーが酢酸菌のコロニーかどうかは、例えば、コロニーの外観、ゲノムの配列情報、及び発現しているタンパク質の情報かならなる群より選択される一種以上に基づいて判定することができる。 When acetic acid bacteria are contained in the test sample, colonies of acetic acid bacteria are formed by culturing. Whether or not the colony formed after culturing is a colony of acetobacter is determined based on, for example, one or more selected from a group consisting of the appearance of the colony, the sequence information of the genome, and the information of the expressed protein. Can be done.

ゲノムの配列情報に基づく酢酸菌の同定は、例えば、rRNA遺伝子の塩基配列情報を利用して行うことができる。コロニーを構成する菌体からDNAを抽出し、抽出されたDNA中のrRNA遺伝子の塩基配列情報を解析し、その結果を酢酸菌のrRNA遺伝子の塩基配列情報と比較する。両者が一致した場合には、当該コロニーを構成する菌体が酢酸菌であると判定することができる。rRNA遺伝子の塩基配列情報に基づく微生物の同定は、rRNA遺伝子の塩基配列自体を、酢酸菌のrRNA遺伝子の塩基配列と一致するか否かで行うことができ、また、例えば、PCR−DGGE(Polymerase chain reaction−Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)法等の微生物を同定する際に使用されている方法を利用することもできる。 Identification of acetobacter based on the sequence information of the genome can be performed by using, for example, the base sequence information of the rRNA gene. DNA is extracted from the cells constituting the colony, the nucleotide sequence information of the rRNA gene in the extracted DNA is analyzed, and the result is compared with the nucleotide sequence information of the rRNA gene of acetic acid bacteria. If they match, it can be determined that the cells constituting the colony are acetic acid bacteria. The identification of a microorganism based on the base sequence information of the rRNA gene can be performed based on whether or not the base sequence of the rRNA gene itself matches the base sequence of the rRNA gene of acetic acid bacteria, and for example, PCR-DGGE (Polymerase). The method used for identifying microorganisms such as the chain reaction-Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) method can also be used.

発現しているタンパク質の情報に基づく酢酸菌の同定は、例えば、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間質量分析(MALDI−TOFMS)を用いて行うことができる。例えば、コロニーを構成する菌体をマトリックス試薬と混合し、この混合物をMALDI−TOFMSにより測定し、得られたマススペクトルのパターンを酢酸菌のマススペクトルのパターンと比較する。両者のパターンが一致した場合には、当該コロニーを構成する菌体が酢酸菌であると判定することができる。MALDI−TOFMSは、常法により行うことができる。 Identification of acetic acid bacteria based on information on expressed proteins can be performed using, for example, matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). For example, the cells constituting the colony are mixed with a matrix reagent, the mixture is measured by MALDI-TOFMS, and the obtained mass spectrum pattern is compared with the mass spectrum pattern of acetic acid bacteria. When both patterns match, it can be determined that the bacterial cells constituting the colony are acetic acid bacteria. MALDI-TOFMS can be performed by a conventional method.

次に実施例及び参考例を示して本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例等に限定されるものではない。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Reference Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples and the like.

[参考例1]
酢酸菌の株ごとの資化性を調べた。
被検酢酸菌としては、ワイン製造現場から単離されたAcetobacter pasteurianusの3株(AGBC323株、ABBC653株、ABBC659株)と、セルバンクから入手した3株のAcetobacter pasteurianusの標準株(ABBC660株、ABBC662株、ABBC663株)を用いた。
培養するための平板培地としては、YPG培地(グルコース 5g/L、グリセロール 20g/L、酵母エキス 10g/L、ポリペプトン 10g/L、寒天 15g/L)、3容量%エタノール含有YPG培地、又は0.3容量%酢酸含有YPG培地を用いた。
[Reference example 1]
The assimilation property of each strain of acetic acid bacteria was investigated.
As the test acetic acid bacteria, 3 strains of Acetobacter pasteurianus isolated from the wine manufacturing site (AGBC323 strain, ABBC653 strain, ABBC659 strain) and 3 standard strains of Acetobacter pasteurianus obtained from Cellbank (ABBC660 strain, ABBC662 strain). , ABCBC663 strain) was used.
As the plate medium for culturing, YPG medium (glucose 5 g / L, glycerol 20 g / L, yeast extract 10 g / L, polypeptone 10 g / L, agar 15 g / L), YPG medium containing 3% by volume ethanol, or 0. A YPG medium containing 3% by volume acetic acid was used.

まず、各平板培地の10cmディッシュに、被検酢酸菌を10個ずつ塗抹し、5日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニー数を計数した。結果を表1に示す。表中、「YPG」の欄は培地の結果を、YPG「YPG+エタノール」の欄は3容量%エタノール含有YPG培地の結果を、「YPG+酢酸」の欄は0.3容量%酢酸含有YPG培地の結果を、それぞれ示す。また、表中「+」は、コロニーが小さすぎてカウント不可能であったことを意味する。 First, the 10cm dish of each plate medium, the test acetic acid bacteria was smeared by two 10, and cultured for 5 days 30 ° C.. The number of colonies formed after the completion of the culture was counted. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, the column of "YPG" is the result of the medium, the column of YPG "YPG + ethanol" is the result of YPG medium containing 3% by volume ethanol, and the column of "YPG + acetic acid" is the result of YPG medium containing 0.3% by volume acetic acid. The results are shown respectively. In addition, "+" in the table means that the colonies were too small to be counted.

Figure 0006942611
Figure 0006942611

ABBC653株とABBC662株は、YPG培地ではコロニーが形成されなかった。この結果から、酢酸菌には、市販の微生物培養用培地の一般的な炭素源であるグルコースとグリセロールが資化できず、酢酸やエタノールが生育に必要である株が存在することが判明した。また、ABBC653株は、エタノール含有YPG培地と酢酸含有YPG培地ではコロニーが形成されたこと、酢酸含有YPG培地よりもエタノール含有YPG培地で形成されたコロニー数が多かったことから、エタノールと酢酸はどちらも資化できること、酢酸よりもエタノールの方が資化しやすいことがわかった。ABBC662株は、エタノール含有YPG培地でもコロニーが形成されず、酢酸含有YPG培地でのみコロニーが形成されており、エタノールは資化できないが、酢酸は資化できた。 The ABBC653 strain and the ABBC662 strain did not form colonies on the YPG medium. From this result, it was found that there are strains of acetic acid bacteria that cannot assimilate glucose and glycerol, which are common carbon sources of commercially available culture media for microorganisms, and require acetic acid and ethanol for growth. In addition, the ABCC653 strain had colonies formed in the ethanol-containing YPG medium and the acetic acid-containing YPG medium, and the number of colonies formed in the ethanol-containing YPG medium was larger than that in the acetic acid-containing YPG medium. It was found that ethanol can be assimilated more easily than acetic acid. In the ABCC662 strain, colonies were not formed even in the ethanol-containing YPG medium, and colonies were formed only in the acetic acid-containing YPG medium. Ethanol could not be assimilated, but acetic acid could be assimilated.

一方で、AGBC323株、ABBC659株、ABBC660株、及びABBC663株は、YPG培地でコロニーが形成されたことから、これらの酢酸菌は、グルコースとグリセロールのいずれかに対して資化性を有することが判明した。このうち、AGBC323株、ABBC659株、及びABBC660株は、YPG培地よりも、エタノール含有YPG培地と酢酸含有YPG培地のほうが、形成されたコロニー数が多かったことから、エタノールと酢酸も資化できることが判明した。中でも、ABBC659株及びABBC663株は、酢酸含有YPG培地に形成されたコロニー数が、他の2種の培地よりも明らかに多かったことから、酢酸に対する資化性が高いことがわかった。 On the other hand, since the AGBC323 strain, the ABBC659 strain, the ABBC660 strain, and the ABBC663 strain were colonized in the YPG medium, these acetic acid bacteria may have assimilation property to either glucose or glycerol. found. Of these, the AGBC 323 strain, the ABBC 659 strain, and the ABBC 660 strain had a larger number of colonies formed in the ethanol-containing YPG medium and the acetic acid-containing YPG medium than in the YPG medium, so that ethanol and acetic acid can also be assimilated. found. Among them, the ABBC659 strain and the ABBC663 strain were found to have high assimilation property to acetic acid because the number of colonies formed in the acetic acid-containing YPG medium was clearly larger than that of the other two types of media.

[実施例1]
市販のWL(Wallerstein)培地(グルコース 50g/L、カゼイン 5g/L、酵母エキス 4g/L、KHPO 0.55g/L、KCl 0.425g/L、CaCl 0.125g/L、MgSO 0.125g/L、FeCl 0.0025g/L、MnSO 0.0025g/L、寒天 20g/L)に20容量%となるようにワインを含有させたワイン含有WL培地、又は、YPG培地に3容量%のエタノールと0.3容量%の酢酸を含有させたエタノール・酢酸含有YPG培地の10cmディッシュに、AGBC323株、ABBC653株、又はABBC659株をそれぞれ10個ずつ塗抹し、5日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニー数を計数した。なお、原料として使用したワインには遊離型亜硫酸が検出されなかったことから、ワイン含有WL培地の遊離型亜硫酸濃度は0ppmであった。
[Example 1]
Commercially available WL (Wallerstein) medium (glucose 50 g / L, casein 5 g / L, yeast extract 4 g / L, KH 2 PO 4 0.55 g / L, KCl 0.425 g / L, CaCl 2 0.125 g / L, theta 4 0.125 g / L, FeCl 3 0.0025 g / L, MnSO 4 0.0025 g / L, agar 20 g / L) containing 20% by volume of wine-containing WL medium or YPG medium to 3% by volume of ethanol and 0.3 volume percent of 10cm dish is allowed ethanol-acetic acid-containing YPG medium containing acetic acid, AGBC323 strain was smeared ABBC653 strain, or ABBC659 strain by 10 3, respectively, 5 days 30 Cultured at ° C. The number of colonies formed after the completion of the culture was counted. Since free sulfurous acid was not detected in the wine used as a raw material, the concentration of free sulfurous acid in the wine-containing WL medium was 0 ppm.

Figure 0006942611
Figure 0006942611

各平板培地のコロニー数の測定結果を表2に示す。表中、「YPG+エタノール+酢酸」の欄はエタノール・酢酸含有YPG培地の結果を、「WL+ワイン」の欄は20容量%ワイン含有WL培地の結果を、それぞれ示す。ワイン含有WL培地では、エタノール・酢酸含有YPG培地と同程度の数のコロニーが形成され、ワイン含有WL培地がエタノール・酢酸含有YPG培地と同様に酢酸菌検出用の培養培地として使用可能であることが確認された。ワイン含有WL培地は、市販のWL培地にワインを混合するだけで調製することができ、エタノール・酢酸含有YPG培地よりも容易に調製できる点で好ましい。 Table 2 shows the measurement results of the number of colonies on each plate medium. In the table, the column of "YPG + ethanol + acetic acid" shows the result of YPG medium containing ethanol / acetic acid, and the column of "WL + wine" shows the result of WL medium containing 20% by volume wine. In the wine-containing WL medium, the same number of colonies as the ethanol / acetic acid-containing YPG medium are formed, and the wine-containing WL medium can be used as a culture medium for detecting acetic acid bacteria in the same manner as the ethanol / acetic acid-containing YPG medium. Was confirmed. The wine-containing WL medium can be prepared simply by mixing wine with a commercially available WL medium, and is preferable in that it can be prepared more easily than the ethanol / acetic acid-containing YPG medium.

[実施例2]
平板培地の寒天濃度の酢酸菌の検出に対する影響を調べた。
具体的には、実施例1で使用した20容量%ワイン含有WL培地の寒天濃度を1.0、1.5、又は2.0質量/容量%(10g/L、15g/L、又は20g/L)とした平板培地の10cmディッシュに、ABBC653株を10個ずつ塗抹し、5日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニーについて、直径の大きさが3mm以上と3mm未満に分けてその数を調べた。測定結果を表3に示す。
[Example 2]
The effect of agar concentration on the plate medium on the detection of acetic acid bacteria was investigated.
Specifically, the agar concentration of the 20% by mass wine-containing WL medium used in Example 1 was 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0% by mass / volume (10 g / L, 15 g / L, or 20 g / L). 10 2 pieces of ABCC653 strain were smeared on a 10 cm dish of a plate medium (L), and the cells were cultured at 30 ° C. for 5 days. The number of colonies formed after the completion of culturing was examined by dividing the size of the diameter into 3 mm or more and less than 3 mm. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

Figure 0006942611
Figure 0006942611

寒天濃度が1質量/容量%又は1.5質量/容量%の平板培地では、直径が3mm以上の大きなコロニーが多数形成されていたが、寒天濃度が2質量/容量%の平板培地では、直径が3mm以上のコロニーは形成されなかった。コロニーの大きさは、酢酸菌の増殖しやすさの指標である。つまり、これらの結果から、酢酸菌検出用に用いられる微生物培養用培地の平板培地の寒天濃度を1.5質量/容量%以下(15g/L以下)とすることにより、より短時間の培養時間で酢酸菌のコロニーを形成させることができる、すなわち、酢酸菌検出のための培養時間を短縮することができる。 In the plate medium having an agar concentration of 1% by mass / volume% or 1.5% by mass / volume, many large colonies having a diameter of 3 mm or more were formed, but in the plate medium having an agar concentration of 2% by mass / volume%, the diameter was formed. No colonies of 3 mm or more were formed. The size of the colony is an index of the ease of growth of acetic acid bacteria. That is, from these results, by setting the agar concentration of the plate medium of the microbial culture medium used for detecting acetobacter to 1.5% by mass / volume% or less (15 g / L or less), the culture time is shorter. Can form colonies of acetobacter, that is, the culture time for detecting acetobacter can be shortened.

[実施例3]
微生物培養用培地の平板培地に含有させるワインの種類の酢酸菌の検出に対する影響を調べた。
具体的には、平板培地として、実施例1で用いた20容量%ワイン含有WL培地の原料のワインを、赤ワインとした20容量%赤ワイン含有WL培地と白ワインとした20容量%白ワイン含有WL培地をそれぞれ用いた。いずれの培地も遊離型亜硫酸濃度は0ppmであった。
20容量%赤ワイン含有WL培地又は20容量%白ワイン含有WL培地の10cmディッシュに、ABBC653株を10個ずつ塗抹し、4日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニーの数を調べたところ、20容量%赤ワイン含有WL培地のコロニー数が177個、20容量%白ワイン含有WL培地のコロニー数が179個であり、両者に特段の差はなかった。
[Example 3]
The effect on the detection of acetic acid bacteria of the wine type contained in the plate medium of the microbial culture medium was investigated.
Specifically, as the plate medium, the wines used as raw materials for the 20% by volume wine-containing WL medium used in Example 1 were red wine, 20% by volume red wine-containing WL medium, and white wine, 20% by volume white wine-containing WL. Each medium was used. The free sulfite concentration in each medium was 0 ppm.
10 2 pieces of ABCC653 strain were smeared on a 10 cm dish of 20% by volume red wine-containing WL medium or 20% by volume white wine-containing WL medium, and cultured at 30 ° C. for 4 days. When the number of colonies formed after the completion of the culture was examined, the number of colonies in the 20% by volume red wine-containing WL medium was 177, and the number of colonies in the 20% by volume white wine-containing WL medium was 179. There was no.

[実施例4]
ワインを添加したWL培地とワイン無添加のWL培地について、酢酸菌と、環境菌の一種であるスフィンゴモナス属菌の生育性を調べた。スフィンゴモナス属菌としては、ワイン製造現場の環境から単離されたSphingomonas paucimobilis HC620株を用いた。
具体的には、ABBC653株又はHC620株を、WL培地又は20容量%ワイン含有WL培地(遊離型亜硫酸濃度0ppm)の10cmディッシュに、10個ずつ塗抹し、5日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニー数を計数した。
[Example 4]
The viability of acetic acid bacteria and Sphingomonas spp., Which is a kind of environmental bacteria, was examined in the WL medium to which wine was added and the WL medium to which wine was not added. As the Sphingomonas spp., Sphingomonas paucimobilis HC620 strain isolated from the environment of the winemaking site was used.
Specifically, the ABBC653 strain or HC620 strains, the 10cm dish WL medium or 20% by volume of wine containing WL medium (free sulfite concentration 0 ppm), ten 3 smeared and cultured for 5 days 30 ° C.. The number of colonies formed after the completion of the culture was counted.

Figure 0006942611
Figure 0006942611

各平板培地のコロニー数の測定結果を表4に示す。表中、「WL」の欄はワインを含有させていないWL培地の結果を、「WL+ワイン」の欄は20容量%ワイン含有WL培地の結果を、それぞれ示す。この結果、環境菌であるHC620株はWL培地ではコロニーを形成したが、20容量%ワイン含有WL培地では生育できなかった。逆に、酢酸菌であるABBC653株は、20容量%ワイン含有WL培地ではコロニーを形成したが、WL培地では生育できなかった。これらの結果から、ワインを含有させたWL培地では、酢酸菌は生育できるが、酢酸菌以外の環境菌は生育が抑制されることがわかった。 Table 4 shows the measurement results of the number of colonies on each plate medium. In the table, the "WL" column shows the result of the WL medium containing no wine, and the "WL + wine" column shows the result of the WL medium containing 20% by volume wine. As a result, the HC620 strain, which is an environmental bacterium, formed colonies in the WL medium, but could not grow in the WL medium containing 20% by volume of wine. On the contrary, the ABCC653 strain, which is an acetic acid bacterium, formed colonies in the WL medium containing 20% by volume of wine, but could not grow in the WL medium. From these results, it was found that acetic acid bacteria can grow in the WL medium containing wine, but the growth of environmental bacteria other than acetic acid bacteria is suppressed.

[実施例5]
ワイン含有WL培地に含有されているワイン由来の遊離型亜硫酸の濃度の酢酸菌の検出に対する影響を調べた。
具体的には、平板培地として、実施例1で用いた20容量%ワイン含有WL培地の原料のワインを、遊離型亜硫酸(遊離型SO)濃度が100ppmのワインA、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が65ppmのワインB、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が0ppmのワインCとしたものを調製した。比較対象として、GYP培地(グルコース 0.5g/L、酵母エキス 5.0g/L、ペプトン 3.0g/L、寒天 12g/L)に3容量%となるようにエタノールを含有させたエタノール含有GYP培地も用いた。
ABBC653株を、各平板培地の10cmディッシュに、10個ずつ塗抹し、5日間30℃で培養した。培養終了後に形成されたコロニー数を計数した。
[Example 5]
The effect of the concentration of free sulfurous acid derived from wine contained in the wine-containing WL medium on the detection of acetic acid bacteria was investigated.
Specifically, as the plate medium, the wine used as the raw material of the 20% by volume wine-containing WL medium used in Example 1 was wine A having a free sulfurous acid (free SO 2 ) concentration of 100 ppm and a free sulfurous acid concentration of 65 ppm. Wine B and wine C having a free sulfurous acid concentration of 0 ppm were prepared. For comparison, ethanol-containing GYP in which ethanol was contained in a GYP medium (glucose 0.5 g / L, yeast extract 5.0 g / L, peptone 3.0 g / L, agar 12 g / L) so as to be 3% by volume. Medium was also used.
The ABBC653 strain, the 10cm dish of each plate medium, ten two smeared and cultured for 5 days 30 ° C.. The number of colonies formed after the completion of the culture was counted.

Figure 0006942611
Figure 0006942611

各平板培地の形成されたコロニー数の計数結果を、各平板培地の遊離型亜硫酸濃度(ppm)及び分子状SO濃度(ppm)と共に表5に示す。この結果、WLにワインを含有させた培地では、培地中の遊離型亜硫酸濃度、すなわち分子状亜硫酸の濃度が低い培地ほど、形成されたコロニー数が多くなっていた。一方で、エタノールを含有するものの、酵母エキスやペプトンの含有量が少ないエタノール含有GYP培地では、酢酸菌のコロニーは形成されなかった。これらの結果から、平板培地中の遊離型亜硫酸と分子状亜硫酸の濃度が低いほど酢酸菌の検出感度を高めることができること、特に、遊離型亜硫酸濃度を13ppm以下又は分子状亜硫酸濃度を0.8ppm以下にすることにより、酢酸菌の検出感度を高く維持できることが判明した。 The counting result of the number of colonies formed in each plate medium shown in Table 5 together with the free sulfite concentration of each plate medium (ppm) and molecular SO 2 concentration (ppm). As a result, in the medium containing wine in WL, the number of colonies formed increased as the concentration of free sulfurous acid in the medium, that is, the concentration of molecular sulfurous acid was lower. On the other hand, colonies of acetic acid bacteria were not formed in the ethanol-containing GYP medium containing ethanol but having a low content of yeast extract and peptone. From these results, the lower the concentration of free sulfurous acid and molecular sulfurous acid in the plate medium, the higher the detection sensitivity of acetic acid bacteria. In particular, the free sulfurous acid concentration is 13 ppm or less or the molecular sulfurous acid concentration is 0.8 ppm. It was found that the detection sensitivity of acetobacter can be maintained high by the following.

Claims (10)

炭素源と窒素源とワインを含有し、遊離型亜硫酸濃度が0ppmであり、pH3.5〜4.5であり、エタノール濃度が2〜4容量%であり、酢酸菌検出用である、微生物培養用培地。 Containing carbon and nitrogen sources and wine, free sulfurous acid concentration is is 0 ppm, PH3.5~4.5 der is, the ethanol concentration is 2-4% by volume, Ru der for acetic acid bacteria detection, Medium for culturing microorganisms. pHが3.5〜4.2である、請求項1に記載の微生物培養用培地。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to claim 1, which has a pH of 3.5 to 4.2. 前記ワイン濃度が、前記培地のエタノール濃度が2〜4容量%となる濃度である、請求項1又は2に記載の微生物培養用培地。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wine concentration is a concentration at which the ethanol concentration of the medium is 2 to 4% by volume. 前記炭素源濃度が0.5〜50g/Lであり、前記窒素源濃度が5〜20g/Lである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の微生物培養用培地。 The medium for culturing a microorganism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon source concentration is 0.5 to 50 g / L, and the nitrogen source concentration is 5 to 20 g / L. 平板培地である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の微生物培養用培地。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a plate medium. さらに、寒天を含有し、寒天濃度が15g/L以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の微生物培養用培地。 The medium for culturing microorganisms according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising agar and having an agar concentration of 15 g / L or less. 請求項5又は6に記載の微生物培養用培地に、被検試料を塗抹した後、形成されたコロニーが酢酸菌かどうかを判定する、酢酸菌の検出方法。 A method for detecting acetic acid bacteria, which determines whether or not the formed colonies are acetic acid bacteria after smearing the test sample on the medium for culturing microorganisms according to claim 5 or 6. 酢酸菌かどうかの判定を、コロニーの外観、ゲノムの配列情報、及び発現しているタンパク質の情報かならなる群より選択される一種以上に基づいて判定する、請求項7に記載の酢酸菌の検出方法。 The acetic acid bacterium according to claim 7, wherein the determination of whether or not the acetic acid bacterium is based on one or more selected from the group consisting of the appearance of the colony, the sequence information of the genome, and the information of the expressed protein. Detection method. 酢酸菌かどうかの判定を、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間質量分析を用いて行う、請求項7に記載の酢酸菌の検出方法。 The method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to claim 7, wherein determination of whether or not it is acetic acid bacteria is performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. 前記被検試料がワインである、請求項7〜9のいずれか一項に記載の酢酸菌の検出方法。 The method for detecting acetic acid bacteria according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the test sample is wine.
JP2017215821A 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria Active JP6942611B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017215821A JP6942611B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017215821A JP6942611B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2019083771A JP2019083771A (en) 2019-06-06
JP6942611B2 true JP6942611B2 (en) 2021-09-29

Family

ID=66761452

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2017215821A Active JP6942611B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6942611B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022048919A (en) * 2020-09-15 2022-03-28 東洋製罐株式会社 Wine container made of aluminum

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3401127B2 (en) * 1995-08-17 2003-04-28 マンズワイン株式会社 Sulfite-free wine and its production
JP3493283B2 (en) * 1997-07-04 2004-02-03 株式会社エフェック Production method of fermented citrus vinegar
WO2007126975A2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-11-08 The Govt. Of The Usa, As Represented By The Secretary, Dept. Of Health & Human Services, A newly discovered bacterium in the family acetobacteraceae
JP5318523B2 (en) * 2008-10-20 2013-10-16 学校法人東京農業大学 Vinegar production method and inoculation aid
WO2011145518A1 (en) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-24 国立大学法人東北大学 Aldehyde removing composition
JP6917188B2 (en) * 2017-05-11 2021-08-11 アサヒビール株式会社 Fruit liquor and its manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019083771A (en) 2019-06-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Alexandre et al. Saccharomyces cerevisiae–Oenococcus oeni interactions in wine: current knowledge and perspectives
Renouf et al. Inventory and monitoring of wine microbial consortia
Mateo et al. Acetic acid bacteria isolated from grapes of South Australian vineyards
Dai et al. Microbial diversity and physicochemical characteristics of the Maotai-flavored liquor fermentation process
Arevalo-Villena et al. Production of indole by wine-associated microorganisms under oenological conditions
Smit et al. Evaluating the influence of malolactic fermentation inoculation practices and ageing on lees on biogenic amine production in wine
CN104762238B (en) A kind of lactic acid bacteria for not producing the high urease-producing of amino acid decarboxylases and its application
CN104480029A (en) Wine yeast capable of low-yielding hydrogen sulfide and ethyl carbamate as well as screening method and application of wine yeast
Costello et al. Standardised methodology for testing malolactic bacteria and wine yeast compatibility
CN101838615B (en) Saccharomyces cerevisiae and application thereof in reducing acidity in process of producing wine
Patynowski et al. Yeast viability during fermentation and sur lie ageing of a defined medium and subsequent growth of Oenococcus oeni
Franquès et al. Selection and characterization of autochthonous strains of Oenococcus oeni for vinification in Priorat (Catalonia, Spain)
Li et al. Yeast species associated with spontaneous wine fermentation of Cabernet Sauvignon from Ningxia, China
Valles et al. Screening of cider yeasts for sparkling cider production (Champenoise method)
Cioch-Skoneczny et al. Biodiversity of yeasts isolated during spontaneous fermentation of cool climate grape musts
Moulis et al. Which microorganisms contribute to mousy off-flavour in our wines?
JP6942611B2 (en) Microbial culture medium and method for detecting acetic acid bacteria
Flörl et al. Grape expectations: disentangling environmental drivers of microbiome establishment in winegrowing ecosystems
CN116656537A (en) Caproic acid bacteria ZCY20-5 and its application
CN115772480A (en) Screening method of microorganisms for relieving soil acidification, pseudomonas montmorii and application thereof
Mas et al. Microbiological control of alcoholic fermentation
Capece et al. Control of inoculated fermentations in wine cellars by mitochondrial DNA analysis of starter yeast
VLADEI et al. ASSESSMENT OF GRAPES INDIGENOUS MICROBIOME FROM “ȘTEFAN VODĂ” PROTECTED GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION.
Francesca et al. Ecology and technological capability of lactic acid bacteria isolated during Grillo grape vinification in the Marsala production area
Böhme et al. Molecular tools to analyze microbial populations in red wines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20200710

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20210422

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20210511

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20210625

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20210831

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20210908

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6942611

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250