JP6943583B2 - Composite member - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a composite member constructed using laminated wood.

In recent years, Cross-Laminated-Timber (CLT) has been used as a material for columns, beams, walls, floors, etc. that make up a building.

CLT is, for example, a laminated member for construction having a total thickness of about 36 to 500 mm by crossing each layer of wood pieces having a thickness of 20 to 40 mm in the grain direction and laminating them with an adhesive. CLT usually has the same properties as wood because a plurality of layers of wood pieces are laminated and bonded.

For example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of plate-shaped woods are arranged and bonded in the width direction while aligning the orientation directions to form a lamina layer, and three or more layers are stacked while the orientation directions of the lamina layers are orthogonal to each other. Disclosed is a configuration in which at least one lightweight cellular concrete panel is interposed between a front surface lamina layer arranged on the outermost surface and a back surface lamina layer arranged on the outermost surface in the CLT bonded together. According to such a configuration, the fire resistance can be improved as compared with the conventional CLT.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-204958

However, the above-mentioned conventional configuration has the following problems.

That is, while laminated wood such as CLT exhibits excellent performance in terms of strength during normal use, it has dimensional accuracy and water resistance such as expansion and warpage and surface unevenness in a water environment. There was a problem in terms of. Further, the laminated wood has a problem in terms of corrosion resistance and antibacterial property, which is vulnerable to bacteria and the like, or in terms of weather resistance, which is vulnerable to ultraviolet rays (UV).

It is also possible to solve such a problem by applying an oil-based paint having high weather resistance and water resistance to the surface of the laminated wood.

However, there is a problem that the warmth of the wood is lost because the wood grain is obscured by painting the surface.

An object of the present invention is to provide a composite member capable of solving various problems of wood while utilizing the grain of laminated wood.

The composite member according to the first invention includes a laminated wood and a fiber reinforced sheet. Laminated wood is constructed by laminating a plurality of plate materials in the thickness direction. The fiber reinforced sheet is a resin sheet containing fibers and is attached to the surface of laminated wood. The fiber reinforced sheet is formed by impregnating fibers having a transmittance of 70% or more with a resin having a transmittance of 70% or more in a cured state.

Here, for example, a fiber reinforced sheet having high transparency is arranged on the surface of laminated wood such as CLT (Cross-Laminated-Timber) and LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber).

Here, the laminated wood is, for example, a CLT formed by laminating a plate material obtained by joining a plurality of pieces of wood joined in the same grain direction so as to intersect the grain directions in the thickness direction. In addition, LVL and the like formed by laminating a plurality of plate materials joined in the same grain direction in the thickness direction are included.

The fiber-reinforced sheet is a highly permeable resin sheet that is attached to the surface of laminated wood. For example, a highly permeable fiber such as glass fiber or vinylon fiber is in a cured state such as polyester. It is formed by impregnating with a highly permeable resin.

The fiber reinforced sheet may be attached so as to cover the entire outer surface of the laminated wood, or may be attached so as to cover a part of the surface of the laminated wood exposed to the outside, depending on the use of the composite member or the like. It may be attached.

As a result, the surface of laminated wood such as CLT is covered with a fiber-reinforced sheet formed by using fibers having a transmittance of 70% or more and a resin having a transmittance of 70% or more in a cured state. It is possible to obtain a wood-based material with excellent water resistance while making the best use of the grain of the surface of the wood.

As a result, by combining laminated wood with excellent strength and other highly permeable fiber-reinforced sheets, it is possible to provide a wood-based material that has both basic physical properties such as strength and design that makes use of the grain of laminated wood. can.

The composite member according to the second invention is the composite member according to the first invention, and the fiber reinforced sheet contains an ultraviolet curing agent.

Here, an ultraviolet curing agent that cures the resin by ultraviolet rays (UV) is added to the fiber reinforced sheet.

Thereby, the resin forming the fiber reinforced sheet covering the surface of the laminated wood can be cured by ultraviolet rays.

As a result, the influence of ultraviolet rays on the laminated wood to which the fiber reinforced sheet is attached can be reduced, and the weather resistance can be improved.

The composite member according to the third invention is the composite member according to the first or second invention, and the plate material is composed of a plurality of pieces of wood joined in a plane direction with the grain directions aligned. Laminated timber is composed of orthogonal laminated lumber laminated so that the grain directions of the planks intersect.

Here, the laminated wood is configured by laminating a plate material in which a plurality of pieces of wood joined in the same grain direction are joined in a plane direction so that the wood grain direction is orthogonal in the thickness direction.

This improves dimensional accuracy and eliminates anisotropy in terms of strength, etc., as compared to wood-based materials such as LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), which is made by laminating board materials with the grain direction aligned in a specific direction. It is possible to improve the basic physical properties of.

The composite member according to the fourth invention is a composite member according to any one of the first to third inventions, and the fiber is formed of glass or vinylon.

Here, glass and vinylon are used as the fibers contained in the fiber reinforced sheet.

This makes it possible to form a fiber reinforced sheet using fibers having a high transmittance.

The composite member according to the fifth invention is the composite member according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, and the surface roughness of the laminated wood is 10 to 25 μm.

Here, the surface of the laminated wood is processed so that the surface roughness (arithmetic surface roughness) is within a predetermined range.

As a result, it is possible to improve performance such as adhesion when the fiber reinforced sheet is attached.

The composite member according to the sixth invention is a composite member according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, and the fiber reinforced sheet includes a fluorine-based resin layer or an acrylic resin layer.

Here, for example, a fluorine-based resin layer or an acrylic-based resin layer is formed on the surface of the fiber-reinforced sheet.

Thereby, the composite member having further improved weather resistance can be obtained by the fluorine-based resin layer or the acrylic-based resin layer.

According to the composite member according to the present invention, various problems of laminated wood can be solved while utilizing the grain of laminated wood.

The perspective view which shows the structure of the composite member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the manufacturing process of the CLT which constitutes the composite member of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a process of attaching a fiber reinforced sheet onto a CLT constituting the composite member of FIG. 1. The front view of the composite member of FIG. An enlarged view of part A in FIG.

The composite member 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the composite member 10 according to the present embodiment is a wood-based material composed of a CLT (laminated wood) 20 and a fiber reinforced sheet 30 in combination, and is mainly used as a building material.

Here, CLT is an abbreviation for Cross Laminated Timber, in which plate materials in which wood pieces (lamina) are arranged in parallel in the grain direction are laminated so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. It is a bonded wood-based material. CLT can easily form a thick plate material with a large area and is also excellent in strength, so that it is also used for building structural materials, civil engineering materials, furniture and the like.

In addition, CLT supports a building as a structural frame, and can be expected to have multiple effects such as heat insulation, flame insulation, heat insulation, and sound insulation. Furthermore, CLT can feel the grain and texture of wood by showing the surface of the wood as it is.

Timber constituting the CLT is a sustainable recycling resources, are used as a building material saving CO ₂ type that effectively utilizing forest resources.

In addition, by using CLT, it is expected that the construction period will be shortened by prefabricating some materials that are assembled in the factory and then brought to the site, and since the joints are simple, construction can be easily performed even by non-skilled workers. can.

In addition, CLT can be assembled and used when needed by storing it as a part in a temporary housing in the event of a disaster, and it is also easy to use as a lightweight structural material compared to RC construction. be.

As shown in FIG. 2, the CLT 20 is formed by laminating a plurality of plate members 21a to 21e formed by bonding a plurality of wood pieces 22 in the plane direction. Specifically, in the CLT 20, as shown in FIG. 2, the five plate members 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d, and 21e alternate in the thickness direction so that the directions of the grain 22a of the wood piece 22 are orthogonal to each other. It is constructed by being laminated on.

As a result, the CLT 20 can be used as a wood-based material having excellent dimensional accuracy by eliminating anisotropy.

The plate members 21a to 21e are respectively formed by being bonded in the plane direction in a state where the wood grain 22a of the wood piece 22 is arranged so as to be aligned in the direction of the grain 22a. In the present embodiment, the plate members 21a to 21e are formed by bonding three pieces of wood 22 in the width direction (planar direction).

A plurality of wood pieces 22 constituting the plate members 21a to 21e may be bonded not only in the width direction but also in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wood pieces 22 are bonded in the width direction in a state where the wood grain 22a is arranged along the longitudinal direction to form a plate member 21a or the like.

Here, in the composite member 10 of the present embodiment, the surface planar processing is performed so that the surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness) of the CLT 20 is within the range of 10 to 25 μm.

As a result, when the fiber-reinforced sheet 30 is attached, the surface on the CLT 20 side has an appropriate surface roughness, so that the adhesion of the fiber-reinforced sheet 30 to the attached surface on the CLT 20 side can be improved.

The fiber reinforced sheet 30 is a substantially transparent resin sheet used for improving the performance of the CLT 20 such as water resistance and weather resistance, and is attached to the upper surface (outer surface) of the CLT 20 as shown in FIG. Attached. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the fiber-reinforced sheet 30 is attached to the surface of the plate material 21a arranged at the uppermost position among the plate materials 21a to 21e constituting the CLT 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fiber reinforced sheet 30 has a base material 30a and a fluorine-based resin layer 30b formed on the surface thereof.

The base material 30a is a sheet-like base material portion formed by impregnating glass fibers with a vinyl ester resin (unsaturated polyester resin), and a fluorine-based resin layer 30b is formed on the surface thereof.

As the glass fiber contained in the base material 30a, for example, non-alkali glass (E glass) having a transmittance of about 90%, electrical stability, and excellent mechanical properties can be used. Further, the glass fibers are mixed so that the mass (weight) per unit area of the base material 30a is in ^{the range of 100 to 1500 g / m 2.}

Further, as the resin constituting the base material 30a, for example, a vinyl ester resin (unsaturated polyester resin) having a transmittance of 80% or more can be used.

As a result, since the fiber reinforced sheet 30 having a high transmittance is attached, the grain 22a on the surface of the wood piece 22 constituting the CLT 20 is not obscured by the fiber reinforced sheet 30. Therefore, the composite member 10 can be used as a building material having excellent water resistance, weather resistance, etc. while making the best use of the wood grain 22a.

The permeability of the fibers and the resin constituting the fiber reinforced sheet 30 may be such that the grain of wood appearing on the surface of the CLT 20 can be seen, and for example, each of them may have a transmittance of 70% or more.

Further, the resin forming the base material 30a contains an ultraviolet curing agent.

As the ultraviolet curing agent, for example, an acetophenone-based ultraviolet curing agent manufactured by BASF (commercial surface: Irgacure 127) can be used.

As a result, when the resin constituting the fiber reinforced sheet 30 is cured, it can be cured by using ultraviolet rays, so that usability can be improved.

Further, since the fiber reinforced sheet 30 absorbs ultraviolet rays, the influence of ultraviolet rays on CLT 20 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the composite member 10 having further excellent weather resistance.

The fluorine-based resin layer 30b is formed as a top coat on the surface of the base material 30a. As the fluorine-based resin layer 30b, for example, a fluorine-based protective coating material (Obligard (registered trademark): manufactured by AGC Cortec Co., Ltd.) or the like can be used.

<Manufacturing process of composite member 10>
The composite member 10 of the present embodiment is manufactured by the following steps.

That is, first, a putty-like special primer is applied to the surface of the CLT 20, and then the fiber reinforced sheet 30 is immediately attached (see FIG. 3).

As the dedicated primer, a two-layer coating of urethane prepolymer and vinyl ester or a one-layer coating of vinyl ester can be used.

Next, a defoaming treatment is performed to remove the air mixed between the surface of the CLT 20 and the fiber reinforced sheet 30.

Next, the surface of the fiber-reinforced sheet 30 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the fiber-reinforced sheet 30.

Here, the surface (attached surface) of the CLT 20 is subjected to surface planar processing so that the surface roughness is within the range of 10 to 25 μm.

This makes it possible to manufacture the composite member 10 in which the fiber reinforced sheet 30 is attached to the surface of the CLT 20 in a state of high adhesion.

Further, when the composite member 10 of the present embodiment is used outdoors, the fluororesin layer 30b may be provided on the surface of the fiber reinforced sheet 30.

In this case, the adverse effect of ultraviolet rays on the wood pieces 22 constituting the CLT 20 can be reduced, and the composite member 10 having excellent weather resistance can be obtained.

<Main features>
In the composite member 10 of the present embodiment, as described above, by attaching the fiber reinforced sheet 30 having a high transmittance to the surface of the CLT 20, moisture, moisture and the like can enter the wood constituting the CLT 20 from the outside. Can be prevented.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain a waterproof effect of preventing the wood piece 22 constituting the CLT 20 from being corroded or expanded due to moisture.

Further, in the composite member 10 of the present embodiment, the fiber reinforced sheet 30 to be attached to the surface of the CLT 20 is formed by impregnating a fiber having a transmittance of 70% or more with a resin having a transmittance of 70% or more in a cured state. There is. Therefore, the composite member 10 having improved performance such as waterproofness and weather resistance can be used as a building material while utilizing the grain 22a of the wood piece 22 contained in the plate members 21a to 21e constituting the CLT 20.

Further, by attaching the fiber-reinforced sheet 30 in which the reinforcing fibers are dispersed in an in-plane manner to the surface of the CLT 20, it is possible to suppress deformation such as warpage and bending of the CLT 20 that occurs when the CLT 20 is used outdoors. Further, by using the fiber reinforced sheet 30, it is possible to maintain a state in which peeling and cracking due to an external force are less likely to occur for a longer period of time as compared with the existing coating film.

[Other Embodiments]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

(A)
In the above embodiment, as a laminated wood formed by laminating a plurality of wood pieces joined in the same grain direction in the plane direction and laminated in the thickness direction, the wood pieces 22 are flat in the direction of the wood grain. An example of using CLT20 in which plate members 21a to 21e joined in the direction are alternately laminated so that the directions of wood grains are orthogonal to each other has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, the structure is not limited to the structure in which the board materials are alternately laminated so that the directions of the wood grain are orthogonal to each other, and a laminated wood such as LVL in which the board materials are laminated so that the directions of the wood grain are aligned may be used.

Further, a composite member may be formed by using laminated lumber configured so that all the grain of wood is arranged along a predetermined direction as laminated wood.

(B)
In the above embodiment, the composite member 10 formed by attaching the fiber reinforced sheet 30 to the upper surface of the CLT (laminated wood) 20 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, a fiber reinforced sheet may be attached so as to cover not only the upper surface of laminated wood such as CLT but also other outer surfaces.

In this case, not only the upper surface of the laminated wood but also the other outer surface is covered with the fiber reinforced sheet, so that a composite member having further excellent water resistance, weather resistance and the like can be obtained.

(C)
In the above embodiment, an example using a fiber reinforced sheet 30 provided with a fluorine-based resin layer on the outer surface has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, instead of the fluorine-based resin layer, a fiber-reinforced sheet having an acrylic resin layer on the outer surface may be used.

Even in this case, the effect that the weather resistance of the composite member can be further improved can be obtained as in the case of the fluorine-based resin layer.

(D)
In the above embodiment, an example using a fiber reinforced sheet 30 provided with a fluorine-based resin layer on the outer surface has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, a fiber reinforced sheet in which a top coat layer such as a fluorine-based resin layer is not provided on the outer surface may be used.

(E)
In the above embodiment, an example in which glass fiber is used as the fiber contained in the fiber reinforced sheet 3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, instead of the glass fiber, a fiber reinforced sheet containing other fibers such as vinylon may be used.

(F)
In the above embodiment, an example in which an ultraviolet curable resin containing an ultraviolet curing agent and curing in response to ultraviolet rays is used as the resin constituting the fiber reinforced sheet 30 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

For example, a thermoplastic fiber reinforced sheet containing no UV curing agent may be used.

Since the composite member of the present invention has the effect of being able to solve various problems of laminated wood while making the best use of the grain of layered wood, it is expected to be widely used as various building materials.

10 Composite member 20 CLT (laminated wood)
21a to 21e Plate material 22 Wood piece 22a Wood grain 30 Fiber reinforced sheet 30a Base material 30b Fluorine-based resin layer

Claims (4)

Laminated wood composed of multiple boards laminated in the thickness direction,
A fiber-reinforced sheet that is a resin sheet containing fibers and is attached to the surface of the laminated wood.
With
The plate is composed of a plurality of pieces of wood joined to the planar direction align the wood grain direction, the laminated wood, in the orthogonal assembly plate grain direction is configured by stacking the plate so as to intersect Configured
The arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the laminated wood is 10 to 25 μm.
The fiber-reinforced sheet has a base material formed by impregnating a fiber having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more with a resin having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more in a cured state, and the fiber is the base. It is mixed so that the mass per unit area of the material is in ^{the range of 100 to 1500 g / m 2.}
Composite member. The fiber reinforced sheet contains an ultraviolet curing agent.
The composite member according to claim 1. The fibers are made of glass or vinylon,
The composite member according to claim 1 or 2. The fiber-reinforced sheet contains a fluorine-based resin layer or an acrylic-based resin layer.
The composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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