JP7052213B2 - Construction equipment, construction method, and construction - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction device, a construction method, and a structure, and more particularly to a construction device, a construction method, and a structure of a concrete structure or a mortar structure.

In general, for the construction of concrete structures, a cast-in-place method in which concrete is placed in a formwork assembled on-site, a precast method in which a precast molded body is transported to the site and assembled, and the like are widely adopted. In the cast-in-place construction method, it is necessary to assemble the formwork, dismantle and remove it, and there is a problem that the construction period is prolonged and the construction cost is increased. On the other hand, the precast method requires transportation of the precast molded body to the site, a large lifting device for loading the precast molded body, and the like, which causes an increase in construction cost.

As a construction method for constructing a concrete structure without using these formwork or precast molded body, for example, Patent Document 1 includes a panel that can be slid along a concrete wall surface and a spray nozzle that interlocks with the panel. , A technique is disclosed in which shot cleats are sprayed from a spray nozzle while sliding a panel to continuously cast concrete.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-25669

By the way, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the panel for placing concrete from the spray nozzle is formed of a simple rectangular flat plate member. Therefore, with this technology, even if concrete is continuously cast while sliding the panel, only a concrete wall with a flat wall surface can be constructed. For example, a cylinder with a curved wall surface. There are problems that cannot be applied to the construction of concrete structures in the shape or tower.

An object of the present disclosure technique is to provide a construction device and a construction method capable of appropriately corresponding to the construction of a structure having either a curved wall shape or a planar shape.

In the construction device of the present disclosure, a spray nozzle capable of spraying concrete or mortar, a refractable arm member, and a casting surface facing the spray nozzle are supported by the arm member, and the casting surface facing the spray nozzle is used for refraction of the arm member. It is characterized by comprising a backing means including a backing member that can be deformed accordingly.

Further, the backing means further includes a pair of rollers rotatably provided at both ends of the arm member, and the backing member is stretched between the pair of rollers and is rotatable endless. It may be a belt.

Further, an annular guide groove extending in the circumferential direction may be recessed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller, and an annular guide protrusion extending in the circumferential direction and inserted into the guide groove may be convexly provided on the back surface of the endless belt. preferable.

Further, the arm member includes a fixed arm and a pair of swing arms hinged to both ends of the fixed arm, and the rollers are provided at each tip of the swing arm, respectively, and the fixed arm is provided. An engaging means capable of engaging with the guide protrusion is provided at each hinge coupling portion between the swing arm and the swing arm, and when the swing arm bends with respect to the fixed arm, at least the casting surface of the endless belt is formed. It is preferably deformed into a curved surface.

Further, it is preferable to further provide a belt cleaning means for removing deposits adhering to the outer surface of the endless belt.

Further, it is preferable to further provide a moving means for integrally moving the spray nozzle and the backing means.

Further, the spray nozzle is connected and held to the moving means via the telescopic boom and / or the rotatable first link arm, and the spray is performed by the telescopic operation of the telescopic boom and / or the rotation operation of the first link arm. It is preferable that the relative position of the nozzle with respect to the backing member is adjusted.

Further, the backing means is connected and held to the moving means via a rotatable second link arm, and the relative position of the backing member with respect to the spray nozzle is adjusted by the rotation operation of the second link arm. It is preferable to be done.

Further, the moving means is provided on a support column erected on the ground surface so as to be rotatable and ascending, and when the moving means rises while rotating the support column, the spray nozzle and the backing means spiral around the support column. It is preferable to raise it to.

In the construction method of the present disclosure, while the spray nozzle and the backing means are integrally moved by the moving means, concrete or mortar is continuously cast from the spray nozzle onto the casting surface to form a wall body. It is characterized by building.

Further, while the spray nozzle and the backing means are integrally spirally ascended by the moving means, concrete or mortar is continuously cast from the spray nozzle onto the casting surface to spiral the wall body. It may be constructed in the form of a shape.

The structure of the present disclosure is a structure constructed by the construction method of the present disclosure, and is characterized in that the wall bodies are continuously spirally wound upward and laminated.

According to the technique of the present disclosure, it is possible to appropriately cope with the construction of a structure having either a curved surface or a planar wall surface.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the construction apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. According to the nozzle link mechanism according to the first embodiment, (A) is a schematic side view for explaining a state in which the spray nozzle is moved in the horizontal direction, and (B) is a schematic for explaining a state in which the spray nozzle is moved in the vertical direction. A side view, (C) is a schematic side view illustrating a state in which the spray nozzle is rotated in the vertical / horizontal direction. It is a schematic side view explaining the back support link mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) of the backing mechanism according to the first embodiment is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the endless belt is deformed into a curved surface, and (B) is a schematic view showing a state in which the endless belt is flattened. It is a perspective view. (A) of the backing mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment is a schematic vertical sectional view which shows the 1st roller mechanism, (B) is a schematic vertical sectional view which shows the 2nd roller mechanism. It is a schematic diagram explaining the construction method using the construction apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure constructed by the construction method using the construction apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the construction apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view explaining another example which deforms an endless belt. It is a schematic side view which shows the nozzle link mechanism and the back support link mechanism which concerns on other embodiment.

Hereinafter, a construction device, a construction method, and a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed explanations about them will not be repeated.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the construction device 10 according to the first embodiment. The construction device 10 includes a moving mechanism 20 (moving means) provided on a support column 4 erected on the ground surface (not shown) so as to be relatively rotatable and relatively ascending / descending, a spray nozzle 11 capable of spraying concrete, and a spray nozzle 11. A nozzle link mechanism 30 that connects and holds the backing mechanism 20, a backing mechanism 40 (backing means) that sprays concrete from the spray nozzle 11, and a backing link mechanism 80 that connects and holds the backing mechanism 40 to the moving mechanism 20. It is equipped with. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a concrete wall of the structure, reference numeral 3 is a plurality of reinforcing bars embedded in the concrete wall 2 at appropriate intervals, and reference numeral 12 is a supply hose connecting the spray nozzle 11 and a concrete supply source (not shown). Are shown respectively.

[Movement mechanism]
The moving mechanism 20 includes an intermediate cylinder 21 inserted into the support column 4 so as to be relatively movable, a lower cylinder 22 provided at the lower end of the intermediate cylinder 21, and an upper portion provided at the upper end of the intermediate cylinder 21. It is provided with a cylindrical body 23. The moving mechanism 20 is suspended from a crane or the like via, for example, a wire W fixed to the upper cylindrical body 23, and is a support column in response to an operation of a remote control device such as a manipulator (not shown) or a command from an automatic control device. It is designed to rotate up and down with respect to 4. When the moving mechanism 20 rises while rotating, the spray nozzle 11 and the backing mechanism 40, which are connected and held by the moving mechanism 20 via the link mechanisms 30 and 80, are spirally raised around the support column 4. The means for operating the moving mechanism 20 is not limited to a crane or the like, and for example, the moving mechanism 20 may be configured as a self-elevating rotary type that rotates while self-elevating along the support column 4.

[Nozzle link mechanism]
As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle link mechanism 30 includes a telescopic boom 31, a nozzle link fixing arm 32, a nozzle link first swing arm 33, a nozzle link second swing arm 34, and a universal joint. 37, a first hydraulic cylinder 35 for nozzle link, and a second hydraulic cylinder 36 for nozzle link are provided. The swing arms 33 and 34 are preferable as an example of the first link arm of the present invention.

The telescopic boom 31 is provided so as to project radially from the outer periphery of the lower cylindrical body 22, and the lower end portion of the nozzle link fixing arm 32 extending upward is fixed to the tip end portion thereof. The base end of the nozzle link first swing arm 33 is rotatably hinged to the upper end of the nozzle link fixing arm 32, and the nozzle is connected to the tip of the nozzle link first swing arm 33. The base end portion of the link second swing arm 34 is rotatably hinged. Further, a spray nozzle 11 is rotatably attached to the tip of the nozzle link second swing arm 34 via a universal joint 37.

The nozzle link first hydraulic cylinder 35 is installed between the nozzle link fixing arm 32 and the nozzle link first swing arm 33. The nozzle link second hydraulic cylinder 36 is installed between the nozzle link first swing arm 33 and the nozzle link second swing arm 34. The expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction boom 31, the hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36, and the rotation operation of the universal joint 37 are controlled in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the telescopic boom 31 expands and contracts in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device, the spray nozzle 11 is horizontally integrated with each arm 32 to 34. It moves in the direction (the radial direction of the lower cylindrical body 22). As a result, the spray nozzle 11 approaches the backing mechanism 40 or separates from the backing mechanism 40, so that the horizontal relative position of the spray nozzle 11 with respect to the backing mechanism 40 is appropriately adjusted.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the nozzle link first hydraulic cylinder 35 and / or the nozzle link second hydraulic cylinder 36 expands and contracts in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device, the nozzle By rotating the link first swing arm 33 and / or the nozzle link second swing arm 34, the spray nozzle 11 moves in the vertical direction. As a result, the relative position of the spray nozzle 11 in the vertical direction with respect to the backing mechanism 40 can be appropriately adjusted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, when an actuator (not shown) of the universal joint 37 is driven in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device, the universal joint 37 rotates to operate the spray nozzle 11. Is rotated up / down / horizontally. The rotation direction of the spray nozzle 11 is not limited to vertical / horizontal. For example, a connection portion between the second swing arm 34 for nozzle link and the universal joint 37, or a connection between the universal joint 37 and the spray nozzle 11. By interposing a rotation mechanism (not shown) in the portion and combining the rotation operation of the rotation mechanism and the rotation operation of the universal joint 37, the spray nozzle 11 can be swung in an oblique direction. May be good.

[Back link mechanism]
As shown in FIG. 3, the back support link mechanism 80 includes a back support link fixing arm 81, a back support link first swing arm 82, a back support link second swing arm 83, and a back support link. Third swing arm 84 for back support link, first hydraulic cylinder 85 for back support link, second hydraulic cylinder 86 for back support link, third hydraulic cylinder 87 for back support link, and fourth hydraulic cylinder for back support link. It is equipped with 88. Each swing arm 82 to 84 is preferable as an example of the second link arm of the present invention.

The lower end of the backing link fixing arm 81 is fixed to the upper part of the lower cylindrical body 22, and the upper end side (or a substantially intermediate position) thereof is fixedly supported by the upper cylindrical body 23. It extends substantially in the vertical direction along the outer circumference of the 21. Further, a base end portion of the back support link first swing arm 82 is rotatably hinged to the upper end portion of the back support link fixing arm 81. The length (height) of the backing link fixing arm 81 is preferably formed to be longer than the reinforcing bar 3 (see FIG. 1) that is sequentially added as the construction of the concrete wall 2 progresses, and the backing link is the first. 1 The interference between the swing arm 82 and the reinforcing bar 3 is effectively prevented.

The base end portion of the back support link second swing arm 83 is rotatably hinged to the tip end portion of the back support link first swing arm 82, and the back support link second swing arm 83 is hinged. The base end portion of the back contact link third swing arm 84 is rotatably hinged to the tip end portion. Further, a backing mechanism 40 is rotatably hinged to the tip of the backing link third swing arm 84.

The back-to-link first hydraulic cylinder 85 is erected between the back-to-link fixed arm 81 and the back-to-link first swing arm 82. The back-to-link second hydraulic cylinder 86 is erected between the back-to-link first swing arm 82 and the back-to-link second swing arm 83. The back support link third hydraulic cylinder 87 is erected between the back support link second swing arm 83 and the back support link third swing arm 84. The back-to-link fourth hydraulic cylinder 88 is erected between the back-to-link third swing arm 84 and the back-to-back mechanism 40. The expansion and contraction operation of each of these hydraulic cylinders 85 to 88 is controlled in response to a command from a remote control device or an automatic control device.

Specifically, when the hydraulic cylinders 85 to 87 expand and contract in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device, the swing arms 82 to 84 rotate, so that the backing mechanism 40 moves in the vertical direction. Move to. As a result, the relative position of the backing mechanism 40 with respect to the spray nozzle 11 in the vertical direction is appropriately adjusted. Further, when the back-to-link fourth hydraulic cylinder 88 expands and contracts in response to a command from the remote control device or the automatic control device, the back-to-back mechanism 40 tilts with respect to the back-to-link third swing arm 84. Then, the inclination angle of the backing mechanism 40 with respect to the spray nozzle 11 is appropriately adjusted.

[Back support mechanism]
Next, the details of the backing mechanism 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 4, the back support mechanism 40 includes a rotation support portion 41 connected to a third swing arm 84 for a back support link, and a pair of long backs extending from both ends of the rotation support portion 41. A fixed arm 42 for backing (an example of an arm member), a pair of long swinging arms for backing 43 (an example of an arm member) hinged to the tip of each fixed arm 42 for backing, and each. A pair of first roller mechanisms 50 hanging substantially vertically from the tip of the swing arm 43 for backing, and a pair of second roller mechanisms hanging substantially vertically from the hinge joints of the arms 42 and 43. An endless belt 70 (back support member) stretched between 60, each first roller mechanism 50, and a pair of belt cleaning mechanisms (belt cleaning means) projecting from the tip of each back support swing arm 43. ) 75 and a rotation mechanism 46 for rotating the back support swing arm 43 with respect to the back support fixing arm 42.

For convenience, in the following description, the surface of the outer surface of the endless belt 70 on the side where concrete is sprayed from the spray nozzle 11 is referred to as a casting surface A, and the surface opposite to the casting surface A is returned. It is referred to as surface B.

The rotation support portion 41 is projected onto a substantially cylindrical central boss portion 41A, a cylindrical tubular portion 41B rotatably inserted around the outer periphery of the central boss portion 41A, and an upper portion of the central boss portion 41A. It is provided with a fixed portion 41C. The tip of the third swing arm 84 for the backing link is hinged to the fixed portion 41C. The rotation support portion 41 includes a drive source such as an actuator (not shown), and when the actuator is driven by the operation of a remote control device or a command from an automatic control device, the cylinder portion 41B is integrated with the arms 42 and 43. By rotating relative to the central boss portion 41A, the tilt angles of the roller mechanisms 50 and 60 supported by the arms 42 and 43 and the endless belt 70 in the horizontal direction are appropriately adjusted.

Each backing fixing arm 42 extends substantially horizontally from both side surfaces of the tubular portion 41B so that its longitudinal direction is on the same straight line with the rotation support portion 41 interposed therebetween. It should be noted that each backing fixing arm 42 does not need to be formed separately, and these may be integrally formed as one arm member.

A second support shaft 61 for rotatably hinge-coupling these is inserted into the tip end of each backing fixing arm 42 and the base end of each backing swing arm 43, respectively. Further, a first support shaft 51 is rotatably provided at the tip of each swing arm 43 for backing.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the first roller mechanism 50 can rotate integrally with the first support shaft 51 rotatably inserted into the tip of the backing swing arm 43 and the first support shaft 51. It is provided with a roller main body 52 that supports the back surface of the endless belt 70. The roller main body 52 is provided with a pair of upper and lower guide grooves 53 that are recessed at a predetermined depth from the outer peripheral surface thereof in an annular shape in the circumferential direction.

A pair of upper and lower guide protrusions 72 protruding from the back surface of the belt main body 71 are provided at a portion of the endless belt 70 corresponding to each guide groove 53. Each guide protrusion 72 is formed in a substantially T-shape in which the tip portion 72A is expanded from the base end portion 72B in the vertical cross-sectional shape thereof, and is preferably an annular shape continuous with the back surface of the belt main body portion 71 in the circumferential direction. It is extended to. That is, as the endless belt 70 rotates, each guide protrusion 72 fits into and engages with each guide groove 53 at the folded portion of the endless belt 70, thereby restricting the vertical displacement of the endless belt 70. It is supposed to be done.

As shown in FIG. 5 (B), the second roller mechanism 60 moves up and down around the second support shaft 61 that hinges the arms 42 and 43 and the guide protrusions 72 at predetermined portions of the second support shaft 61. A pair of roller stands 62, 63 and holding rollers 64, 65 rotatably supported at the tips of the roller stands 62, 63 are provided.

Each of the roller stands 62 and 63 protrudes from the second support shaft 61 toward the casting surface A side of the endless belt 70, and on each guide protrusion 72 so that the tip end side thereof is substantially parallel to the second support shaft 61. It is bent into a substantially L-shape that is bent toward it. The holding rollers 64 and 65 are fitted and engaged with the back surface of the belt body 71 and the tip portion 72A of the guide protrusion 72, so that the endless belt 70 is pulled toward the second support shaft 61 side. There is. The roller stands 62, 63 and the pressing rollers 64, 65 are preferable as an example of the engaging means of the present invention.

Returning to FIG. 4, the belt cleaning mechanism 75 includes a stay member 76 projecting from the tip of each backing swing arm 43, and a sliding contact member 77 hanging from the stay member 76. ing. The sliding contact member 77 is preferably formed of an elastically deformable spatula, brush, or the like, and the tip portion thereof is in sliding contact with the belt surface as the endless belt 70 rotates, so that deposits on the belt surface (for example,) are formed. , Concrete remaining on the casting surface A, etc.) is scraped off. The belt cleaning mechanism 75 is not limited to the one provided with a spatula, a brush, or the like, and may be provided with a water discharge means for spraying water or the like on the deposits to remove them. Further, the arrangement position and the number of the belt cleaning mechanisms 75 are not limited to the illustrated examples, and may be configured so that only one is provided on the return surface B side of the endless belt 70.

The rotation mechanism 46 includes a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) that expands and contracts in response to an operation of a remote control device or a command from an automatic control device, and the swing arm 43 for the back pad is attached to the fixed arm 42 for the back pad. By rotating the cylinders relative to each other and bending them, the belt surface of the endless belt 70 stretched between the roller mechanisms 50 is deformed from a "planar shape" to a "curved surface shape".

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the backing swing arm 43 is refracted toward the spray nozzle 11 side with respect to the backing fixing arm 42 at a predetermined angle, the backing fixing is fixed. The first roller mechanism 50 provided at the tip of the arm 42 is integrally pushed out toward the spray nozzle 11 from the second roller mechanism 60 together with the folded end of the endless belt 70. At this time, the guide protrusion 72 (see FIG. 5B) of the endless belt 70 is attracted to the second support shaft 61 side by the pressing rollers 64, 65 (see FIG. 5B) of the second roller mechanism 60. Therefore, the endless belt 70 is deformed into a curved surface so as to follow the refractive shape of each of the arms 42 and 43.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the backing swing arm 43 is arranged on the same straight line as the backing fixing arm 42, the first and second roller mechanisms 50 and 60 are substantially in series. By arranging the belt, the belt surface of the endless belt 70 becomes flat. That is, by appropriately adjusting the angle formed by the swing arm 43 for the back support and the fixed arm 42 for the back support, the endless belt 70 can be selectively deformed into a "curved surface" or a "planar shape". It is possible to appropriately support the construction of a concrete wall 2 having any shape such as a curved surface or a flat surface.

[Construction method and construction]
Next, a construction method using the construction device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the construction of the tower structure 1 which is erected on the ground surface and whose diameter decreases in the height direction is taken as an example. The tower-shaped structure 1 can be used, for example, as a wind power generation tower in which a wind power generator 5 is lifted and mounted on the top thereof. In each figure, the broken line indicates the locus of movement of the backing mechanism 40.

As shown in FIG. 6A, of the concrete wall 2 of the tower-shaped structure 1, the backing mechanism 40 is arranged on the back surface of the concrete wall 2A at the uppermost end to be constructed, and the spray nozzle is provided by the nozzle link mechanism 30. Concrete is placed toward the placing surface A of the endless belt 70 while appropriately moving the 11 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Then, when the cast concrete reaches a predetermined hardness that allows it to stand on its own, the moving mechanism 20 is rotated and raised to spirally raise and move the backing mechanism 40 together with the spray nozzle 11 around the support column 4. ..

As described above, when the backing mechanism 40 moves, the endless belt 70 rotates accordingly, so that the placed concrete is smoothly separated from the endless belt 70 without being dragged by the belt surface. At this time, since the belt cleaning mechanism 75 is in sliding contact with the endless belt 70, the deposits on the belt surface are sequentially scraped off. That is, as compared with the conventional technique of simply sliding the panel, the endless belt 70 is rotated to effectively suppress the dragging of concrete, and the belt cleaning mechanism 75 removes the deposits on the belt surface. Therefore, foreign matter mixed in the cast concrete is effectively prevented.

Next, while the moving mechanism 20 is rotated and raised, the backing mechanism 40 and the spray nozzle 11 are spirally moved, and in parallel with these, concrete is continuously placed from the spray nozzle 11 to the placing surface A of the endless belt 70. Do it. At this time, since the tower-shaped structure 1 is reduced in diameter toward the height direction, the backing link mechanism 80 is operated as the backing mechanism 40 moves, and the relative distance between the backing mechanism 40 and the support column 4 is reduced. It shrinks in sequence.

By repeating the spiral movement of the backing mechanism 40 and the spray nozzle 11 and the placing of concrete by the spray nozzle 11, as shown in FIG. 6B, the spiral concrete wall 2A is continuously formed. It is. The moving speed of the moving mechanism 20 may be appropriately set according to the hardening time of the placed concrete. For example, when the concrete wall 2A goes around in a spiral and is laminated vertically, the time during which the concrete constituting the concrete wall 2A below the laminated portion is surely hardened (or hardened to the extent that it does not collapse). It is preferable to set the movement speed based on.

By continuously repeating the steps shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B until the concrete wall 2 reaches a desired height, the tower structure 1 as shown in FIG. 7 is finally constructed. Ru. In the present embodiment, the backing mechanism 40 and the spray nozzle 11 can be raised at a constant height while being horizontally rotated by the moving mechanism 20, to construct a tower-like structure having a horizontal joint surface. In the tower structure 1 obtained by spirally moving the backing mechanism 40 and the spray nozzle 11 as described above, the concrete walls 2 are spirally continuous in the circumferential direction and the height direction, so that each of the laminated concrete walls is laminated. The joint surface between the two is also spiral, and it is possible to effectively secure the strength against the shearing force generated at the time of an earthquake or the like, as compared with a structure in which the joint surface is horizontal.

As described in detail above, according to the present embodiment, the spray nozzle 11 capable of spraying concrete and the backing mechanism 40 having the endless belt 70 are integrally and spirally moved from the spray nozzle 11 to the endless. By continuously placing concrete on the placing surface A of the belt 70, the spiral concrete wall 2 is formed. This makes it possible to easily construct a tower-shaped or cylindrical concrete structure without using conventional formwork, etc., effectively reducing labor and construction costs, and reliably shortening the construction period. Can be done.

Further, by refracting the swing arm 43 for the back support with respect to the fixed arm 42 for the back support, the belt surface of the endless belt 70 supported by the arms 42 and 43 via the roller mechanisms 50 and 60 is flat. Will be selectively transformed into a curved surface. This makes it possible to appropriately support the construction of concrete structures having any wall shape such as curved surfaces and flat surfaces.

Further, when the backing mechanism 40 is moved, the endless belt 70 stretched on the roller mechanism 50 rotates so that the concrete placed on the casting surface A is smoothly separated from the belt surface. Become. As a result, it is possible to effectively reduce the drag of the cast concrete as compared with the conventional method of simply sliding the panel, and it is possible to improve the degree of finish of the outer wall surface of the concrete wall 2.

Further, as the endless belt 70 rotates, the sliding contact member 76 of the belt cleaning mechanism 75 slides into contact with the belt surface, so that the deposits on the belt surface are effectively removed. As a result, the casting surface A of the endless belt 70 can be maintained in a clean state without deposits, and foreign matter can be effectively prevented from being mixed into the concrete.

In addition, by controlling the spraying of concrete by the spray nozzle 11 and the operation of the moving mechanism 20 and the link mechanisms 30 and 80 with a remote control device or automating with an automatic control device, the labor and labor costs required for construction can be significantly increased. It will be possible to reduce the construction cost effectively.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the construction device 10 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the construction device 10 of the second embodiment, a support base portion 28 having a drive wheel 24 is provided below the lower cylindrical body 22 of the movement mechanism 20, and a support column 4 is erected on the support base portion 28 to provide the movement mechanism 20 in advance. It is designed to be self-propelled along a pair of laid rails 25 and 26.

According to the construction device 10 of the second embodiment configured in this way, the moving mechanism 20 is made to run along the tracks of the rails 25 and 26, and the arms 42 and 43 of the backing mechanism 40 are made linear. By making the casting surface A of the endless belt 70 flat and further placing concrete from the spray nozzle 11 onto the casting surface A, the concrete wall 2 having a flat wall shape can be easily constructed. Will be possible.

[others]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, when the endless belt 70 is deformed into a curved surface, the backing swing arm 43 is bent toward the spray nozzle 11 with respect to the backing fixing arm 42. As shown in FIG. 9, the swing arm 43 for backing is bent to the side opposite to the spray nozzle 11 with respect to the fixed arm 42 for backing, and the endless belt 70 is curved on the side opposite to the spray nozzle 11. It may be deformed so as to be convex. With this configuration, a cylindrical wall body or the like can be constructed from outside the cylinder.

Further, in the above embodiment, the endless belt 70 has been described as being deformed into a curved surface or a flat surface. For example, the backing swing arm 43 is bent at a substantially right angle to the backing fixing arm 42. The endless belt 70 may be deformed into a substantially L-shaped cross section.

Further, in the above embodiment, the number of the backing swing arm 43 for deforming the endless belt 70 into a curved surface and the number of the second roller mechanism 60 have been described as a pair, but the backing swing arm 43 and the second roller mechanism 60 have been described as a pair. The two-roller mechanism 60 may be further added so that the curvature of the endless belt 70 can be increased or the endless belt 70 can be set to a smoother curved surface.

Further, in the above embodiment, the number of each swing arm 33, 34 of the nozzle link mechanism 30 and each swing arm 82 to 84 of the back link mechanism 80 is not limited to the illustrated example, and for example, FIG. As shown, a part of each swing arm 33, 34 of the nozzle link mechanism 30 and each swing arm 82 to 84 of the back support link mechanism 80 (in the illustrated example, the third swing arm 84 for back support link). ) May be omitted. In this case, the horizontal relative position of the spray nozzle 11 with respect to the backing mechanism 40 is adjusted by the expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction boom 31, and the vertical relative position of the spray nozzle 11 with respect to the backing mechanism 40 is the swing arm 82. It may be adjusted by the rotation operation of ~ 83 or the combined operation of the rotation operation and the vertical operation of the moving mechanism 20.

Further, in the above embodiment, the wall material to be cast from the spray nozzle 11 to the endless belt 70 has been described as concrete, but for example, fiber reinforced concrete, mortar, fiber reinforced mortar, etc. are cast to form the concrete wall 2. It may be constructed of fiber reinforced concrete, mortar, or fiber reinforced mortar.

Further, the scope of application of the above embodiment is not limited to the construction of a tower-shaped or cylindrical concrete structure, and can be widely applied to the construction of other structures such as the concrete inner wall of a tunnel.

1 ... Tower structure, 2 ... Concrete wall, 3 ... Reinforcing bar, 4 ... Strut, 10 ... Construction device, 11 ... Spray nozzle, 20 ... Moving device (moving means), 21 ... Intermediate cylinder, 22 ... Lower cylinder, 23 ... Upper cylinder, 30 ... Nozzle link mechanism, 31 ... Telescopic boom, 32 ... Fixed arm for nozzle link, 33 ... First swing arm for nozzle link (first link arm), 34 ... Second swing for nozzle link Dynamic arm (first link arm), 35 ... first hydraulic cylinder for nozzle link, 36 ... second hydraulic cylinder for nozzle link, 37 ... universal joint, 40 ... backing mechanism (backing means), 41 ... rotational support Part, 42 ... Fixed arm for back support (arm member), 43 ... Swing arm for back support (arm member), 46 ... Rotation mechanism, 50 ... First roller mechanism, 51 ... First support shaft, 52 ... Roller Main body, 53 ... Guide groove, 60 ... Second roller mechanism, 61 ... Second support shaft, 62, 63 ... Roller stand (engagement means), 64, 65 ... Holding roller (engagement means), 70 ... Endless belt, 71 ... Belt body, 72 ... Guide protrusion, 80 ... Back support link mechanism, 81 ... Back support link fixed arm, 82 ... Back support link first swing arm (second link arm), 83 ... Back support link 2nd swing arm (2nd link arm), 84 ... 3rd swing arm for back support link (2nd link arm), 85 ... 1st hydraulic cylinder for back support link, 86 ... 2nd hydraulic cylinder for back support link Cylinder, 87 ... 3rd hydraulic cylinder for backing link, 88 ... 4th hydraulic cylinder for backing link

Claims (11)

With a spray nozzle that can spray concrete or mortar,
It is provided with a refractable arm member and a backing means including an endless belt that is supported by the arm member and whose casting surface facing the spray nozzle can be deformed to follow the refraction of the arm member. A construction device characterized by. The backing means further includes a pair of rollers rotatably provided at both ends of the arm member, and the endless belt is stretched between the pair of rollers and is rotatable. The construction equipment described in. According to claim 2, an annular guide groove extending in the circumferential direction is recessed on the outer peripheral surface of the roller, and an annular guide protrusion extending in the circumferential direction and being inserted into the guide groove is convexly provided on the back surface of the endless belt. The construction device described. The arm member includes a fixed arm and a pair of swing arms hinged to both ends of the fixed arm, and the rollers are provided at the respective tips of the swing arms, respectively. Each hinge coupling portion with the swing arm is provided with an engaging means capable of engaging with the guide protrusion, and when the swing arm bends with respect to the fixed arm, at least the casting surface of the endless belt has a curved surface. The construction device according to claim 3, which is transformed into. The construction device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a belt cleaning means for removing deposits adhering to the outer surface of the endless belt. The construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a moving means for integrally moving the spray nozzle and the backing means. The spray nozzle is connected and held to the moving means via a telescopic boom and / or a rotatable first link arm, and the spray nozzle is operated by the telescopic operation of the telescopic boom and / or the rotation operation of the first link arm. The construction device according to claim 6, wherein the position relative to the backing means is adjusted. The backing means is connected and held to the moving means via a rotatable second link arm, and the relative position of the backing means with respect to the spray nozzle is adjusted by the rotational operation of the second link arm. The construction device according to claim 6 or 7. The moving means is provided on a column erected on the ground surface so as to be rotatable and ascending, and when the moving means rises while rotating the column, the spray nozzle and the backing means spirally ascend around the column. The construction apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8. While the spray nozzle and the backing means are integrally moved by the moving means, concrete or mortar is continuously cast from the spray nozzle onto the casting surface to construct a wall body. A construction method using the construction apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8. While the spray nozzle and the backing means are integrally spirally moved up by the moving means, concrete or mortar is continuously cast from the spray nozzle onto the casting surface to spiral the wall body. The construction method using the construction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the construction is performed.

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