JP7088412B2 - トーン交換スニフィングを用いるパッシブエントリー/パッシブスタートアクセスシステム - Google Patents
トーン交換スニフィングを用いるパッシブエントリー/パッシブスタートアクセスシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP7088412B2 JP7088412B2 JP2021520103A JP2021520103A JP7088412B2 JP 7088412 B2 JP7088412 B2 JP 7088412B2 JP 2021520103 A JP2021520103 A JP 2021520103A JP 2021520103 A JP2021520103 A JP 2021520103A JP 7088412 B2 JP7088412 B2 JP 7088412B2
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- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- vehicle
- module
- signal
- tone
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
- H01Q1/3241—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems particular used in keyless entry systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
- B60R25/2072—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off with means for preventing jamming or interference of a remote switch control signal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
- B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
- B60R25/241—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user whereby access privileges are related to the identifiers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
- B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
- B60R25/245—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user where the antenna reception area plays a role
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
- B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
- B60R25/246—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user characterised by the challenge triggering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/02—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/765—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/82—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/84—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted for distance determination by phase measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0284—Relative positioning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00944—Details of construction or manufacture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/04—Multimode antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
- H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
- H04B7/0669—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different channel coding between antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/08—Access security
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
- H04W12/121—Wireless intrusion detection systems [WIDS]; Wireless intrusion prevention systems [WIPS]
- H04W12/122—Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/12—Detection or prevention of fraud
- H04W12/128—Anti-malware arrangements, e.g. protection against SMS fraud or mobile malware
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
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- H04W12/63—Location-dependent; Proximity-dependent
- H04W12/64—Location-dependent; Proximity-dependent using geofenced areas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2325/00—Indexing scheme relating to vehicle anti-theft devices
- B60R2325/10—Communication protocols, communication systems of vehicle anti-theft devices
- B60R2325/108—Encryption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2325/00—Indexing scheme relating to vehicle anti-theft devices
- B60R2325/20—Communication devices for vehicle anti-theft devices
- B60R2325/205—Mobile phones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/76—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/767—Responders; Transponders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S2205/01—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
- G07C2009/00388—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
- G07C2009/00555—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
- G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
- G07C2209/61—Signal comprising different frequencies, e.g. frequency hopping
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
- G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
- G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Transceivers (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Power Sources (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Description
(数1)
平均飛行時間=(合計時間-応答時間)/2
(数2)
平均飛行時間={(T4-T1)+(T3-T2)}/2
(数3)
距離 =(速度)(時間)
(数4)
距離 =(c)[{(T4-T1)+(T3-T2)}/2]
(数5)
TMS+TSM=TRX-TTX-TSDELAY+FixedOffset1
(数6)
TMS=TSM
(数7)
TMS=(TRX-TTX-TSDELAY+FixedOffset1)/2
(数8)
TMS+TSDELAY+TSL+FixedOffset2-TML
=TSLRX-TMLRX
(数9)
(TRX-TTX-TSDELAY+FixedOffset1)/2+TSDELAY
+TSL+FixedOffset2-TML
=TSLRX-TMLRX
(数10)
(TRX-TTX+TSDELAY+FixedOffset1)/2
+TSL+FixedOffset2-TML=TSLRX-TMLRX
(数11)
TSL=TSLRX-TMLRX-(TRX-TTX+TSDELAY
+FixedOffset1)/2-FixedOffset2-TML
RTTスニファ5606でのチャレンジ及び応答信号の到達時間を測定し、この情報をRTTスニファ5606とマスターデバイスとの間で共有することによって、車両とスレーブデバイスとの間の距離を推定することができる。距離は、例えば、マスターデバイスが、到達時間及び既知の時間TMS、並びに対応する既知の信号伝送速度を使用することによって推定することができる。チャレンジ信号のRTTは、測定された到達時間に基づいて決定することができる。次いで、距離は、RTT及び既知の信号伝送速度に基づいて決定することができる。
(数12)
TAB+TBC-TAC=TRxBC-TRxAC=deltaRxAtC
(数13)
TAB+TBD-TAD=TRxBD-TRxAD=deltaRxAtD
(数14)
TAB+TBE-TAE=TRxBE-TRxAE=deltaRxAtE
(数15)
TBC=deltaRxAtC+TAC-TAB
(数16)
TBD=deltaRxAtD+TAD-TAB
(数17)
TBE=deltaRxAtE+TAE-TAB
式18-21は三辺測量式である。
(数18)
(xb-xa)2+(yb-ya)2+(zb-za)2=TAB2
(数19)
(xb-xc)2+(yb-yc)2+(zb-zc)2=TBC2
(数20)
(xb-xd)2+(yb-yd)2+(zb-zd)2=TBD2
(数21)
(xb-xe)2+(yb-ye)2+(zb-ze)2=TBE2
4つの式を4変数で置き換えると、式22~25が得られる。
(数22)
(xb-xa)2+(yb-ya)2+(zb-za)2=TAB2
(数23)
(xb-xc)2+(yb-yc)2+(zb-zc)2=
(deltaRxAtC+TAC-TAB)2
(数24)
(xb-xd)2+(yb-yd)2+(zb-zd)2=
(deltaRxAtD+TAD-TAB)2
(数25)
(xb-xe)2+(yb-ye)2+(zb-ze)2=
(deltaRxAtD+TAD-TAB)2
(数32)
平均飛行時間={(T2-T1)+(T4-T3)}/2
同様の情報を収集し、較正値を追加する。
(数33)
平均飛行時間={(T2-CAL2-T1+CAL1)
+(T4-CAL4-T3+CAL3)}/2
(数34)
距離=(c){(T4-CAL4-T1+CAL1)
-(T3-CAL3-T2+CAL2)}/2
較正を時間測定から分離する。
(数35)
距離=(c){(T4-T1)-(T3-T2)
+(CAL1-CAL4+CAL2-CAL3)}/2
Claims (13)
- 車両にアクセスするための、又は車両の動作制御を提供するためのシステムであって、
複数の偏波アンテナを備える第1のアンテナモジュールと、第1のアンテナモジュールを介して車両からレスポンダデバイスに第1のトーン信号を送信するように構成される送信機と、レスポンダデバイスはポータブルアクセスデバイスであり、第1のトーン信号に応答するレスポンダデバイスから第2のトーン信号を受信するように構成される第1の受信機と、を備えるイニシエータデバイスと
複数の偏波アンテナを備える第2のアンテナモジュールと、第2のアンテナモジュールを介して送信機からの第1のトーン信号とレスポンダデバイスからの第2のトーン信号とを受信するように構成される第2の受信機と、を備えるスニファデバイスと、を備え、
スニファデバイスは、それぞれの位相遅れを含む第1のトーン信号及び第2のトーン信号の状態を決定するように構成され、
イニシエータデバイス又はスニファデバイスは、(i)それぞれの位相遅れを含む第1のトーン信号及び第2のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、車両からレスポンダデバイスまでの第1の距離又はレスポンダデバイスからスニファデバイスまでの第2の距離の少なくとも1つを推定し、そして、(ii)推定された第1の距離又は第2の距離の少なくとも1つに基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを防止するように構成されるシステム。 - イニシエータデバイス又はスニファデバイスは、第1の距離及び第2の距離を推定し、第1の距離及び第2の距離に基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを防止するように構成される、請求項1のシステム。
- イニシエータデバイス又はスニファデバイスは、第1の距離又は第2の距離の少なくとも1つに基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを獲得するために、攻撃デバイスによって実行されるレンジエクステンション型の中継攻撃を検出するように構成され、
第2のトーン信号は、攻撃デバイスによってレスポンダデバイスから車両に中継されて、改変され、
イニシエータデバイスは、レンジエクステンション型の中継攻撃を検出することに応答して、対策を実行するように構成される、請求項1のシステム。 - いつの時点においても、第1のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つは、第2のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つと交差偏波されない、請求項1のシステム。
- いつの時点においても、第1のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つは、レスポンダデバイスのアンテナと交差偏波されない、請求項1のシステム。
- イニシエータデバイス又はスニファデバイスは、レスポンダデバイスで受信されたときの第1のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、第1のトーン信号がイニシエータデバイスからレスポンダデバイスまで伝わる第1の時間長さを決定し、スニファデバイスで受信されたときの第2のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、第2のトーン信号がレスポンダデバイスからスニファデバイスまで伝わる第2の時間長さを決定し、そして、第1の時間長さ及び第2の時間長さに基づいて、第1の距離と第2の距離を推定するように構成される、請求項1のシステム。
- イニシエータデバイス又はスニファデバイスは、レスポンダデバイスで受信されたときの第1のトーン信号の第1の表現を自然対数形式で生成し、スニファデバイスで受信されたときの第1のトーン信号の第2の表現を自然対数形式で生成し、スニファデバイスで受信されたときの第2のトーン信号の第3の表現を自然対数形式で生成し、そして、第1表現、第2表現、及び第3表現に基づいて、第1の距離と第2の距離を推定するように構成される、請求項1のシステム。
- 車両にアクセスするための、又は車両の動作制御を提供するための方法であって、
車両のイニシエータデバイスから第1のアンテナモジュールを介してレスポンダデバイスへ第1のトーン信号を送信すること、
第1のアンテナモジュールは複数の偏波アンテナを備え、レスポンダデバイスはポータブルアクセスデバイスであり、
第1のトーン信号に応答するレスポンダデバイスから第2のトーン信号をイニシエータデバイスで受信すること、
送信機からの第1のトーン信号とレスポンダデバイスからの第2のトーン信号とを、第2のアンテナモジュールを介してスニファデバイスで受信すること、
第2のアンテナモジュールは複数の偏波アンテナを備え、
それぞれの位相遅れを含む第1のトーン信号及び第2のトーン信号の状態をスニファデバイスで決定すること、
それぞれの位相遅れを含む第1のトーン信号及び第2のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、車両からレスポンダデバイスまでの第1の距離又はレスポンダデバイスからスニファデバイスまでの第2の距離の少なくとも1つを推定すること、及び、
推定された第1の距離又は第2の距離の少なくとも1つに基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを防止すること、を備える方法。 - 第1の距離及び第2の距離を推定すること、及び、
第1の距離と第2の距離に基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを防止すること、を備える請求項8の方法。 - 第1の距離又は第2の距離の少なくとも1つに基づいて、車両へのアクセス又は車両の動作制御の少なくとも1つを獲得するために、攻撃デバイスによって実行されるレンジエクステンション型の中継攻撃を検出すること、
第2のトーン信号は、攻撃デバイスによってレスポンダデバイスから車両に中継されるとともに改変され、及び、
レンジエクステンション型の中継攻撃を検出することに応答して、対策を実行すること、をさらに備える請求項8の方法。 - いつの時点においても、第1のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つは、第2のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つと交差偏波されない、請求項8の方法。
- いつの時点においても、第1のアンテナモジュールの複数の偏波アンテナの少なくとも1つは、レスポンダデバイスのアンテナと交差偏波されない、請求項8の方法。
- レスポンダデバイスで受信されたときの第1のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、第1のトーン信号がイニシエータデバイスからレスポンダデバイスまで伝わる第1の時間長さを決定すること、
スニファデバイスで受信されたときの第2のトーン信号の状態に基づいて、第2のトーン信号がレスポンダデバイスからスニファデバイスまで伝わる第2の時間長さを決定すること、及び、
第1の時間長さと第2の時間長さに基づいて、第1の距離と第2の距離を推定すること、をさらに備える請求項8の方法。
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