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JP7093666B2 - Fuel cell catalyst and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
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JP7093666B2 - Fuel cell catalyst and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Fuel cell catalyst and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP7093666B2
JP7093666B2 JP2018073427A JP2018073427A JP7093666B2 JP 7093666 B2 JP7093666 B2 JP 7093666B2 JP 2018073427 A JP2018073427 A JP 2018073427A JP 2018073427 A JP2018073427 A JP 2018073427A JP 7093666 B2 JP7093666 B2 JP 7093666B2
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catalyst
water
ionomer
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JP2019185960A (en
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庄吾 高椋
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は燃料電池用触媒およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fuel cell catalyst and a method for producing the same.

燃料電池等に使用される触媒は、通常、触媒金属、担体、およびアイオノマーから構成される。触媒は燃料電池の性能に大きく影響するため、活性向上のための改良が試みられている。例えば、特許文献1には白金を含む合金粒子を酸処理することで触媒活性を向上させる方法が開示されている。 The catalyst used in a fuel cell or the like is usually composed of a catalyst metal, a carrier, and an ionomer. Since the catalyst has a great influence on the performance of the fuel cell, improvements are being made to improve the activity. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for improving catalytic activity by acid-treating alloy particles containing platinum.

特開2017-170404号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-170404

本発明は優れた触媒活性を有する燃料電池用触媒を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for a fuel cell having excellent catalytic activity.

特許文献1に記載の技術は合金粒子の表面に白金を優先的に存在させることで高活性化を図る技術である。一方、発明者らは、触媒を保存する間にアイオノマーの活性基と触媒金属が長時間接触すると触媒活性が低下することを見出し、これを回避することで触媒活性の向上を達成した。すなわち、前記課題は以下の本発明によって解決される。
[1]触媒粒子、その上に形成された水溶性材料層、およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える燃料電池用触媒。
[2]水溶性材料、アイオノマー、触媒粒子、および前記水溶性材料を溶解する溶媒を含む組成物を調製する第1工程、
当該組成物から前記溶媒を除去して、触媒粒子、その上に形成された水溶性材料層、およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える粒子を形成する第2工程、ならびに
前記粒子から前記水溶性材料層を除去する第3工程、
を備える、
触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える燃料電池用触媒の製造方法。
[3]前記[2]に記載の製造方法によって製造された燃料電池用触媒。
[4]前記[1]の触媒を備える燃料電池。
[5]前記[3]に記載の触媒を備える燃料電池。
[6]当該燃料電池の稼働中に発生する水と前記触媒を接触させることによって、当該触媒の水溶性材料層を除去する工程を備える、[4]に記載の電池の稼働方法。
[7]触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える触媒であって、
前記アイオノマーのイオン交換基が保護されている、燃料電池用触媒。
[8]イオン交換基が保護された保護化アイオノマーを準備する工程、
触媒粒子の上に前記保護化アイオノマー層を形成する工程、および
前記保護化アイオノマー層を脱保護する工程、
を備える、
触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える触媒の製造方法。
The technique described in Patent Document 1 is a technique for achieving high activation by preferentially presenting platinum on the surface of alloy particles. On the other hand, the inventors have found that the catalytic activity decreases when the active group of the ionomer and the catalytic metal come into contact with each other for a long time while the catalyst is stored, and by avoiding this, the catalytic activity is improved. That is, the above problem is solved by the following invention.
[1] A fuel cell catalyst comprising catalyst particles, a water-soluble material layer formed on the catalyst particles, and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.
[2] The first step of preparing a composition containing a water-soluble material, an ionomer, catalyst particles, and a solvent for dissolving the water-soluble material.
The second step of removing the solvent from the composition to form particles having a catalyst particle, a water-soluble material layer formed on the catalyst particle, and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particle, and the water-soluble material from the particle. Third step of removing the sex material layer,
To prepare
A method for manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell, which comprises catalyst particles and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.
[3] A fuel cell catalyst manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the above [2].
[4] A fuel cell including the catalyst of the above [1].
[5] A fuel cell including the catalyst according to the above [3].
[6] The method for operating a battery according to [4], comprising a step of removing the water-soluble material layer of the catalyst by contacting the catalyst with water generated during the operation of the fuel cell.
[7] A catalyst comprising catalyst particles and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.
A catalyst for a fuel cell in which the ion exchange group of the ionomer is protected.
[8] A step of preparing a protected ionomer in which an ion exchange group is protected,
A step of forming the protected ionomer layer on the catalyst particles, and a step of deprotecting the protected ionomer layer.
To prepare
A method for producing a catalyst comprising catalyst particles and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.

本発明によって優れた触媒活性を有する燃料電池用触媒を提供できる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a catalyst for a fuel cell having excellent catalytic activity can be provided.

本発明の触媒の一態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one aspect of the catalyst of this invention. 本発明の触媒の別の態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows another aspect of the catalyst of this invention.

本発明は以下を含む。
A:水溶性材料層を含む触媒、水溶性材料層が除去された触媒、当該触媒を備える燃料電池
B:保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒、脱保護アイオノマー層を含む触媒、当該触媒を備える燃料電池
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明において「X~Y」は端値であるXとYを含む。
The present invention includes:
A: Catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer, a catalyst from which the water-soluble material layer has been removed, a fuel cell including the catalyst B: a catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer, a catalyst containing a deprotected ionomer layer, a fuel cell including the catalyst. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, "X to Y" includes X and Y which are odd values.

A.水溶性材料層を含む触媒
水溶性材料層を含む触媒は、触媒粒子、その上に形成された水溶性材料層、およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える。図1(1)に水溶性材料層を含む触媒の概要を示す。図中、Aは水溶性材料層を含む触媒、1は触媒粒子、11は担体、12は触媒金属、3Aは水溶性材料層、5Aはアイオノマー層である。以下、水溶性材料層を含む触媒を単に「触媒A」ともいう。
A. A catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer A catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer comprises catalyst particles, a water-soluble material layer formed on the catalyst particles, and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles. FIG. 1 (1) shows an outline of a catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer. In the figure, A is a catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer, 1 is a catalyst particle, 11 is a carrier, 12 is a catalyst metal, 3A is a water-soluble material layer, and 5A is an ionomer layer. Hereinafter, the catalyst containing the water-soluble material layer is also simply referred to as "catalyst A".

(1)水溶性材料層
水溶性材料層とは水に溶解する材料の層である。水に溶解する材料は無機物または有機物であってよいが、入手容易性等の観点から水溶性ポリマーが好ましい。水溶性ポリマーとしては、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ乳酸等が挙げられ、中でもポリビニルアルコール、ポリ乳酸等の生分解性ポリマーが好ましい。
(1) Water-soluble material layer The water-soluble material layer is a layer of a material that dissolves in water. The material that dissolves in water may be an inorganic substance or an organic substance, but a water-soluble polymer is preferable from the viewpoint of availability and the like. Examples of the water-soluble polymer include polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid and the like, and among them, biodegradable polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid are preferable.

水溶性材料層3Aの厚みは限定されないが、0.01~100nm程度であることが好ましい。水溶性材料層3Aは後述する触媒粒子1の全面を覆っている必要はない。 The thickness of the water-soluble material layer 3A is not limited, but is preferably about 0.01 to 100 nm. The water-soluble material layer 3A does not need to cover the entire surface of the catalyst particles 1 described later.

(2)アイオノマー層
アイオノマーとはイオン伝導性を有するポリマーであり、アイオノマー層とは当該ポリマーの層である。アイオノマーとしては燃料電池の分野において公知の物を使用できる。例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンや、ポリトリフルオロスチレン等のフッ素系脂肪族ポリマーや、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルホン等の芳香族ポリエーテル、芳香族ポリイミド、ポリベンズイミダゾール等の芳香族ポリマーに、公知のイオン交換基を導入したポリマーが挙げられる。
(2) Ionomer layer The ionomer is a polymer having ionic conductivity, and the ionomer layer is a layer of the polymer. As the ionomer, a substance known in the field of fuel cells can be used. For example, fluoropolypolymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polytrifluorostyrene, aromatic polyethers such as polyether ketones, polyether ether ketones and polyether sulfones, aromatic polyimides and fragrances such as polybenzimidazole. Examples of the group polymer include polymers in which a known ion exchange group is introduced.

アイオノマー層5Aの厚みは限定されないが、0.01~100nm程度であることが好ましい。アイオノマー層5Aは後述する触媒粒子1の全面を覆っている必要はない。 The thickness of the ionomer layer 5A is not limited, but is preferably about 0.01 to 100 nm. The ionomer layer 5A does not need to cover the entire surface of the catalyst particles 1 described later.

(3)触媒粒子
触媒粒子は担体に触媒金属が担持された粒子である。触媒金属としては、白金、パラジウム、ロジウム、イリジウム、ルテニウム、鉄、チタン、ニッケル、コバルト、金、銀、銅、クロム、マンガン、モリブデン、タングステン、アルミニウム、ケイ素、レニウム、亜鉛、スズ、またはこれらの合金等が挙げられるが、白金が好ましい。担体とは触媒金属を担持するための支持体であり、炭素、金属窒化物、金属炭化物、または金属酸化物であることが好ましい。さらに担体は多孔質であることが好ましく、多孔質炭素であることが特に好ましい。担体は粒子状であることが好ましく、その平均粒子径は10~100nm
程度であることが好ましい。
(3) Catalyst particles The catalyst particles are particles in which a catalyst metal is supported on a carrier. Catalyst metals include platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, iron, titanium, nickel, cobalt, gold, silver, copper, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, silicon, renium, zinc, tin, or any of these. Examples thereof include alloys, but platinum is preferable. The carrier is a support for supporting the catalyst metal, and is preferably carbon, metal nitride, metal carbide, or metal oxide. Further, the carrier is preferably porous, and particularly preferably porous carbon. The carrier is preferably in the form of particles, and the average particle size thereof is 10 to 100 nm.
It is preferably about.

(4)燃料電池
触媒Aは保存時において触媒活性が劣化しないという特徴を備えるので、燃料電池の触媒として好適である。この理由は限定されないが、触媒金属12とアイオノマー5Aが保存時に直接接触しないことによって、触媒金属12の活性部位が劣化しないためであると推察される。水溶性材料層3Aは触媒粒子1の全面を覆っていないことが好ましく、覆っていたとしても極めて層厚みが小さいため触媒Aはこのままでも触媒として機能する。したがって、触媒Aを用いて燃料電池を形成し、そのまま使用することもできる。この場合、電極等は公知の物を用いてよい。このような燃料電池を形成してから水溶性材料層を除去すれば、後述するような水溶性材料層が除去された触媒を備える燃料電池を製造できる。例えば、触媒Aと電極を備える燃料電池を構成し、電池を稼働させ、稼働中に発生する水により水溶性材料層3Aを除去して、水溶性材料層が除去された触媒を含む燃料電池とすることができる。
(4) Fuel cell The catalyst A is suitable as a fuel cell catalyst because it has a feature that the catalytic activity does not deteriorate during storage. The reason for this is not limited, but it is presumed that the active site of the catalyst metal 12 does not deteriorate due to the direct contact between the catalyst metal 12 and the ionomer 5A during storage. It is preferable that the water-soluble material layer 3A does not cover the entire surface of the catalyst particles 1, and even if the water-soluble material layer 3A does cover the catalyst particles 1, the catalyst A still functions as a catalyst because the layer thickness is extremely small. Therefore, the fuel cell can be formed by using the catalyst A and used as it is. In this case, known electrodes may be used. If the water-soluble material layer is removed after forming such a fuel cell, a fuel cell including a catalyst from which the water-soluble material layer is removed, as described later, can be manufactured. For example, a fuel cell including a catalyst having a catalyst A and an electrode, the battery is operated, the water-soluble material layer 3A is removed by water generated during the operation, and the water-soluble material layer is removed. can do.

(5)水溶性材料層が除去された触媒A’
図1(2)に水溶性材料層が除去された触媒A’の概要を示す。以下、水溶性材料層が除去された触媒を単に「触媒A’」ともいう。触媒A’では、触媒粒子1とアイオノマー層5Aの間にスペーサーとして存在していた水溶性材料層3Aが除去されているので、触媒粒子1とアイオノマー層5Aの間にわずかな隙間が存在する。この結果、触媒活性部位が遮蔽されにくくなるので、極めて高い触媒活性を有する。
(5) Catalyst A'with the water-soluble material layer removed
FIG. 1 (2) shows an outline of the catalyst A'from which the water-soluble material layer has been removed. Hereinafter, the catalyst from which the water-soluble material layer has been removed is also simply referred to as "catalyst A'". In the catalyst A', the water-soluble material layer 3A that was present as a spacer between the catalyst particles 1 and the ionomer layer 5A is removed, so that there is a slight gap between the catalyst particles 1 and the ionomer layer 5A. As a result, the catalytically active site is less likely to be shielded, so that the catalytically active site has extremely high catalytic activity.

(6)触媒Aの製造方法
水溶性材料層を備える触媒Aは、例えば以下の工程を備える方法によって製造できる。
第1工程:水溶性材料、アイオノマー、触媒粒子、および前記水溶性材料を溶解する溶媒を含む組成物を調製する。
第2工程当該組成物から前記溶媒を除去して、触媒粒子、その上に形成された水溶性材料層、およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える粒子を形成する。
(6) Method for Producing Catalyst A Catalyst A provided with a water-soluble material layer can be produced, for example, by a method including the following steps.
First step: A composition containing a water-soluble material, an ionomer, catalyst particles, and a solvent for dissolving the water-soluble material is prepared.
Second step The solvent is removed from the composition to form particles comprising a catalyst particle, a water-soluble material layer formed on the catalyst particle, and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particle.

1)第1工程
本工程では組成物を調製する。本工程では、水溶性材料3Aを溶解する溶媒を用いる。当該溶媒としては、水、および水と水溶性有機溶媒の混合溶媒が挙げられる。水溶性有機溶媒としては、アルコール、エーテル、ケトン等が挙げられ、入手容易性等の観点からアルコールが好ましく、炭素数が1~3のアルコールがより好ましい。水溶性材料、アイオノマー、触媒粒子は前述のとおりである。混合溶媒における水と水溶性有機溶媒の比率は任意としてよい。組成物中の溶媒以外の成分の濃度は1~50重量%程度であることが好ましい。
1) First step In this step, a composition is prepared. In this step, a solvent that dissolves the water-soluble material 3A is used. Examples of the solvent include water and a mixed solvent of water and a water-soluble organic solvent. Examples of the water-soluble organic solvent include alcohols, ethers, ketones and the like, and alcohols are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and the like, and alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms are more preferable. The water-soluble materials, ionomers, and catalyst particles are as described above. The ratio of water to the water-soluble organic solvent in the mixed solvent may be arbitrary. The concentration of the components other than the solvent in the composition is preferably about 1 to 50% by weight.

2)第2工程
本工程では当該組成物から前記溶媒を除去する。除去する方法は限定されないが、乾燥することで溶媒を除去することが好ましい。一態様として第1工程で調製した組成物を基材の上に流延してシートとし、当該シートを乾燥して溶媒を除去することができる。乾燥条件は溶媒の沸点等によって適宜選択できる。本工程によって触媒Aを製造できる。
2) Second step In this step, the solvent is removed from the composition. The method for removing the solvent is not limited, but it is preferable to remove the solvent by drying. As one embodiment, the composition prepared in the first step can be cast on a substrate to form a sheet, and the sheet can be dried to remove the solvent. The drying conditions can be appropriately selected depending on the boiling point of the solvent and the like. The catalyst A can be produced by this step.

(7)触媒A’の製造方法
触媒A’は、前記第1工程、前記第2工程、および触媒Aから水溶性材料層を除去する第3工程を含む方法で製造される。水溶性材料層を除去する方法は限定されないが、前記水溶性材料層を溶解する溶媒を用いて水溶性材料層を溶出することが好ましい。粒子中に残留した場合の安全性等を考慮すると、除去に用いる溶媒は水が好ましい。あるいは、前述のとおり、第2工程で調製した粒子および電極を備える燃料電池を構成し、その電池を
稼働し、稼働中に発生する水を利用しても水溶性材料層を除去することができる。本工程によって、触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える触媒A’を製造できる。
(7) Method for Producing Catalyst A'Catalyst A'is produced by a method including the first step, the second step, and the third step of removing the water-soluble material layer from the catalyst A. The method for removing the water-soluble material layer is not limited, but it is preferable to elute the water-soluble material layer using a solvent that dissolves the water-soluble material layer. Considering safety when it remains in the particles, water is preferable as the solvent used for removal. Alternatively, as described above, the water-soluble material layer can be removed by constructing a fuel cell having particles and electrodes prepared in the second step, operating the battery, and using water generated during the operation. .. By this step, the catalyst A'with the catalyst particles and the ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles can be produced.

B.保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒
保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒は、触媒粒子、およびその上に形成された保護化アイオノマー層を備える。図2に保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒の概要を示す。図中、Bは保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒、1は触媒粒子、11は担体、12は触媒金属、5Bは保護化アイオノマー層である。保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒を以下、単に「触媒B」ともいう。
B. A catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer A catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer comprises catalyst particles and a protected ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles. FIG. 2 shows an outline of a catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer. In the figure, B is a catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer, 1 is a catalyst particle, 11 is a carrier, 12 is a catalyst metal, and 5B is a protected ionomer layer. Hereinafter, the catalyst containing the protected ionomer layer is also simply referred to as "catalyst B".

(1)保護化アイオノマー層
保護化アイオノマー層とはイオン交換基を保護したアイオノマーの層である。アイオノマーおよびアイオノマー中のイオン交換基は前述のとおりである。
(1) Protected ionomer layer The protected ionomer layer is a layer of ionomer in which an ion exchange group is protected. Ionomers and ion exchange groups in ionomers are as described above.

保護基は限定されないが、イオン交換基は酸基であることが好ましいので酸基中のHを置換しうる基が好ましい。例えば、メチル基、エチル基等の直鎖アルキル基;イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、s-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、s-ブチルヘキシル基等の分岐のアルキル基;シクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基;フェニル基等のアリール基;ブチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基等のアミノ基;フタルアミド基等のイミド基が挙げられる。 The protecting group is not limited, but the ion exchange group is preferably an acid group, and therefore a group capable of substituting H in the acid group is preferable. For example, a linear alkyl group such as a methyl group or an ethyl group; a branched alkyl group such as an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, an s-butyl group, a t-butyl group or an s-butylhexyl group; a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group; Examples thereof include an aryl group such as a phenyl group; an amino group such as a butylamino group and a diethylamino group; and an imide group such as a phthalamide group.

保護化アイオノマーは、アイオノマーを直接保護することで製造してもよいが、反応性等を考慮するとアイオノマーの原料(モノマー)を保護しこれを重合して製造することが好ましい。この場合、保護基には重合を阻害しないことと脱保護しやすいことが求められる。この観点から、保護基としてはt-ブチル基が好ましい。下記チャートに保護基の具体例を示す。右に行くほどモノマーを保護した際に重合を阻害しない傾向を示し、上に行くほど脱保護しやすい傾向を示す。 The protected ionomer may be produced by directly protecting the ionomer, but it is preferable to protect the raw material (monomer) of the ionomer and polymerize the ionomer in consideration of reactivity and the like. In this case, the protecting group is required not to inhibit polymerization and to be easily deprotected. From this point of view, the t-butyl group is preferable as the protecting group. The chart below shows specific examples of protecting groups. The more to the right, the more likely it is that the monomer will not inhibit polymerization when it is protected, and the more it goes up, the easier it will be to deprotect.

Figure 0007093666000001
Figure 0007093666000001

保護化アイオノマー5Bの厚みは限定されないが、0.01~100nm程度であることが好ましい。保護化アイオノマー5Bは触媒粒子1の全面を覆っている必要はない。 The thickness of the protected ionomer 5B is not limited, but is preferably about 0.01 to 100 nm. The protected ionomer 5B does not need to cover the entire surface of the catalyst particle 1.

(2)触媒粒子
触媒粒子は前述のとおりである。
(2) Catalyst particles The catalyst particles are as described above.

(3)特性、用途
本発明の保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒Bは保存時において触媒活性が劣化しないという特徴を備える。この理由は限定されないが、触媒金属12と保護化アイオノマー層5Bイオン交換基が直接接触しないことによって、触媒金属12の活性部位が劣化しないためであると推察される。そして、脱保護した触媒B’は燃料電池の触媒として有用である。したがって、触媒Bの状態で保存し、使用する直前に脱保護して触媒B’とし、燃料電池を製造することが好ましい。
(3) Characteristics and Applications The catalyst B containing the protected ionomer layer of the present invention has a feature that the catalytic activity does not deteriorate during storage. The reason for this is not limited, but it is presumed that the active site of the catalyst metal 12 does not deteriorate due to the direct contact between the catalyst metal 12 and the protected ionomer layer 5B ion exchange group. The deprotected catalyst B'is useful as a catalyst for a fuel cell. Therefore, it is preferable to store the fuel cell in the state of the catalyst B and deprotect it immediately before use to obtain the catalyst B'to manufacture a fuel cell.

(4)脱保護アイオノマー層を含む触媒B’
図2(2)に脱保護アイオノマー層5B’を有する触媒B’の概要を示す。以下、当該触媒を単に「触媒B’」ともいう。触媒B’では、保存時に触媒粒子1と活性の高いイオン交換基とが直接接触していないので、長期保存後においても高い触媒活性を有する。
(4) Catalyst B'containing a deprotected ionomer layer
FIG. 2 (2) shows an outline of the catalyst B'having the deprotected ionomer layer 5B'. Hereinafter, the catalyst is also simply referred to as "catalyst B'". In the catalyst B', since the catalyst particles 1 are not in direct contact with the highly active ion exchange group during storage, the catalyst B'has high catalytic activity even after long-term storage.

(5)触媒Bの製造方法
触媒Bは、例えば以下の工程を備える方法によって製造できる。
第1工程:イオン交換基が保護された保護化アイオノマーを準備する。
第2工程:触媒粒子の上に前記保護化アイオノマー層を形成する。
(5) Method for producing catalyst B Catalyst B can be produced, for example, by a method including the following steps.
First step: Prepare a protected ionomer with protected ion exchange groups.
Second step: The protected ionomer layer is formed on the catalyst particles.

1)第1工程
本工程では、イオン交換基が保護されたモノマー準備し、これを公知の方法で重合する
ことによってイオン交換基が保護されたアイオノマーを調製する(スキーム1)。あるいは、アイオノマーを溶媒に溶解し、これを保護化反応に供することでイオン交換基が保護されたアイオノマーを調整してもよい(スキーム2)。しかしながら、反応性等を考慮すると、スキーム1が好ましい。
1) First step In this step, a monomer having an ion-exchange group protected is prepared, and the monomer is polymerized by a known method to prepare an ionomer having an ion-exchange group protected (Scheme 1). Alternatively, the ionomer may be dissolved in a solvent and subjected to a protection reaction to prepare an ionomer in which the ion exchange group is protected (Scheme 2). However, in consideration of reactivity and the like, Scheme 1 is preferable.

Figure 0007093666000002
Figure 0007093666000002

2)第2工程
本工程では触媒粒子の上に前記保護化アイオノマー層を形成する。具体的には第1工程で調製した保護化アイオノマーを溶媒に溶解しこれを触媒粒子上に塗布することで実施できる。あるいは、保護化アイオノマー溶液と触媒粒子を混合して組成物とし、これを基材の上に流延してシートとし、当該シートを乾燥して溶媒を除去することで触媒Bを調製できる。
2) Second step In this step, the protected ionomer layer is formed on the catalyst particles. Specifically, it can be carried out by dissolving the protected ionomer prepared in the first step in a solvent and applying this on the catalyst particles. Alternatively, the catalyst B can be prepared by mixing a protected ionomer solution and catalyst particles to form a composition, casting the composition on a substrate to form a sheet, and drying the sheet to remove the solvent.

(6)触媒B’の製造方法
触媒B’は、前記第1工程、前記第2工程、および保護化アイオノマーを脱保護する第3工程を含む方法で製造される。脱保護の方法も限定されないが、触媒Bを加水分解反応に供することでアイオノマー層の脱保護を実施できる。反応条件等は適宜調整される。
(6) Method for Producing Catalyst B'Catalyst B'is produced by a method including the first step, the second step, and the third step of deprotecting the protected ionomer. Although the deprotection method is not limited, the ionomer layer can be deprotected by subjecting the catalyst B to a hydrolysis reaction. The reaction conditions and the like are adjusted as appropriate.

A 水溶性材料層を含む触媒
1 触媒粒子
11 担体
12 触媒金属
3A 水溶性材料またはその層、
5A アイオノマーまたはその層
A’ 水溶性材料層を除去した触媒

B 保護化アイオノマー層を含む触媒
5B 保護化アイオノマーまたはその層
B’ 脱保護アイオノマー層を含む触媒
5B’ 脱保護化アイオノマーまたはその層
A Catalyst containing a water-soluble material layer 1 Catalyst particles 11 Carrier 12 Catalyst metal 3A Water-soluble material or its layer,
5A Ionomer or its layer A'Catalyst from which the water-soluble material layer has been removed

B Catalyst containing a protected ionomer layer 5B Protected ionomer or its layer B'Catalyst containing a deprotected ionomer layer 5B'Deprotected ionomer or its layer

Claims (4)

水溶性材料、アイオノマー、触媒粒子、および前記水溶性材料を溶解する溶媒を含む組成物を調製する第1工程、
当該組成物から前記溶媒を除去して、触媒粒子、その上に形成された水溶性材料層、およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える粒子を形成する第2工程、ならびに
前記粒子から前記水溶性材料層を除去する第3工程、
を備える、
触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える燃料電池用触媒の製造方法。
The first step of preparing a composition containing a water-soluble material, an ionomer, catalyst particles, and a solvent for dissolving the water-soluble material.
The second step of removing the solvent from the composition to form particles having a catalyst particle, a water-soluble material layer formed on the catalyst particle, and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particle, and the water-soluble material from the particle. Third step of removing the sex material layer,
To prepare
A method for manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell, which comprises catalyst particles and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.
ホスホン酸基を除くイオン交換基が保護基で保護された保護化アイオノマーを準備する工程、
触媒粒子の上に前記保護化アイオノマー層を形成する工程、および
前記保護化アイオノマー層を脱保護する工程、
を備える、
触媒粒子およびその上に形成されたアイオノマー層を備える燃料電池用触媒の製造方法。
Preparation of protected ionomers in which ion-exchange groups other than phosphonic acid groups are protected by protecting groups ,
A step of forming the protected ionomer layer on the catalyst particles, and a step of deprotecting the protected ionomer layer.
To prepare
A method for manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell, which comprises catalyst particles and an ionomer layer formed on the catalyst particles.
前記イオン交換基が、-SOThe ion exchange group is -SO 2 -基を含む基である、請求項2に記載の製造方法。The production method according to claim 2, wherein the group contains a group. 前記保護基が、直鎖アルキル基、分岐のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アミノ基、またはイミド基である、請求項3に記載の製造方法。The production method according to claim 3, wherein the protecting group is a linear alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an amino group, or an imide group.
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