JP7108990B2 - Ion separator, water treatment system and method for producing fresh water - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to ion separators and water treatment systems. The present invention also relates to a method for producing fresh water.

In order to secure water resources that can be used by humans, various techniques for seawater desalination are being studied. Evaporation by heating, reverse osmosis (RO) using a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, and electrodialysis by electrolysis are mainly known as seawater desalination techniques. Among these methods, desalination of seawater by electrodialysis requires a large amount of electrical energy, so the evaporation method, reverse osmosis method, and a combination of these methods and electrodialysis have become mainstream recently. (For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3)

JP 2014-198278 A JP 2014-161844 A JP 2015-029933 A

However, the systems using the evaporation method tend to be large-scaled, the systems are complicated, and the electrical energy required for operation is large. In addition, systems using reverse osmosis are prone to clogging of filtration membranes, requiring regular maintenance. A simple and inexpensive system was required for practical use.
In addition, in conventional systems, there are ion species that are difficult to reduce or remove, such as fluoride ions, and there has been a demand for a water treatment system that can reduce ion species regardless of the type.

Under such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an ion separator and a water treatment system that are simple, inexpensive, and capable of stable treatment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fresh water that enables stable production.

As a result of earnest research to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have found that the following inventions meet the above objects, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
<1> A cylindrical body for generating a magnetic field and/or an electric field, and an insulating microchannel having a hollow portion for passing water provided so as to be in close contact with at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. An ion separation device comprising: a member;
<2> The ion separator according to <1>, wherein the cylindrical body has a pulsed electric field generating ability.
<3> The above-mentioned <2>, wherein the cylindrical body having the ability to generate a pulsed electric field is a cylindrical body formed of an insulating material, and fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the surface of the cylindrical body. ion separator.
<4> The ion separator according to <3>, wherein the fine particles having a self-electromotive force are mesoscopic structures containing calcium and carbon as main constituents.
<5> The ion separator according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the cylindrical body includes a doughnut-shaped coil.
<6> The ion separation device according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the fine channel member is an insulating tube wound around the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body so as to be in close contact therewith.
<7> A water treatment system comprising the ion separator according to any one of <1> to <6>.
<8> The water treatment system according to <7>, wherein the water treatment system is a desalination system for obtaining fresh water from seawater.
<9> The water treatment system according to <7> or <8>, further comprising voltage applying means for applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated portion of the ion separator.
<10> A plurality of the ion separation devices are provided, and one outflow portion of the bifurcated portion of the first ion separation device is communicated with a starting end portion of the fine channel member of the second ion separation device. The water treatment system according to any one of <7> to <9>.
<11> The above-described <10>, wherein the starting end of the fine channel member of the third ion separation device is communicated with the other outflow portion of the bifurcated branch of the first ion separation device. water treatment system.
<12> A freshwater production method for producing freshwater from seawater using the water treatment system according to any one of <7> to <11>.
<13> A method for producing fresh water, comprising the following step (A), step (B1) and/or step (B2).
Step (A): A step of separating seawater into cation-enriched water having a higher cation concentration than the seawater and anion-enriched water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration of the seawater. (B1): A step of separating the cation-enriched water separated in step (A) into cation ultra-enriched water having a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration of the cation-enriched water, and fresh water. (B2): A step of separating the anion-enriched water separated in step (A) into anion-enriched water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration of the anion-enriched water, and fresh water. 14> A polar oriented sheet comprising an insulating substrate and a layer in which fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the surface of the insulating substrate.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the system is simple, it is cheap, and the ion separator and water treatment system in which a stable process is possible are provided. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fresh water that enables stable production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the water treatment system 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a mimetic diagram showing water treatment system 200 concerning Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water treatment system 300 which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water treatment system 400 which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water treatment system 500 which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water-treatment system 600 which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. FIG. 2 shows a partially omitted schematic diagram showing a side edge portion of a resin member (L) produced in an example of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a partially omitted schematic diagram showing a plane portion of a resin member (L) produced in an example of the present invention. FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 8;

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the description of the constituent elements described below is an example (representative example) of embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be described below unless the gist thereof is changed. is not limited to the contents of In this specification, when the expression "~" is used, it is used as an expression including the numerical values before and after it.

[Ion separator]
The present invention provides a cylindrical body for generating a magnetic field and/or an electric field, and an insulating microflow having a hollow portion for passing water provided so as to be in close contact with at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. The present invention relates to an ion separation device having a channel member and a bifurcated portion provided at the terminal end of the fine channel member (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the ion separation device of the present invention"). .

The ion separator of the present invention can separate and reduce ion species contained in water by passing water containing ion species to be treated through the microchannel member.

The cylindrical body constituting the ion separation device of the present invention generates a magnetic field and an electric field on the outer peripheral surface side of the cylindrical body so that a magnetic field is generated in a uniform direction parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body. It is. It is sufficient to generate a magnetic field parallel to the axial center of the cylindrical body on the outer peripheral surface side of the cylindrical body, and the magnetic field can be generated using a magnet or the like. In addition, a magnetic field can be generated by utilizing an electric field generated by fine particles having a current or self-electromotive force, which will be described later.
The minute channel member constituting the ion separation device of the present invention has a hollow portion continuous in the longitudinal direction, and this hollow portion serves as a channel. Further, the fine channel member is provided so that the flow direction of the water to be treated flowing through the hollow portion (inside) is not perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body.

By doing so, when the water to be treated flows inside the micro channel member, the ion species contained in the water to be treated can continue to be given an attractive force or a repulsive force in the direction of the surface in contact with the cylindrical body. can be done.
Normally, when a fluid passes through the inside of a microchannel member such as an insulating tube, the fluid forms an electric double layer of ions due to an electric field originating from the contact surface of the microchannel member. The attractive force or repulsive force generated in the ion separation device of the present invention in the direction of the surface in contact with the cylindrical body has an electromagnetic effect on the polarity distribution of ions in the electric double layer of the water to be treated flowing through the microchannel member, A separate hydrostatic bed of anions can be created that flows inside the channel member. Therefore, the water to be treated flowing through the microchannel member of the ion separation device is divided into a cation concentration layer with a high concentration of cations and an anion concentration layer with a high concentration of anions as it flows through the microchannel member. becomes a fluid divided into two layers.

In addition, cations and anions in the water to be treated receive force in different directions. and anions can be separated.

As a result, the water to be treated is separated into cation-concentrated water having a higher cation concentration than the cation concentration in the water to be treated and anion-concentrated water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration in the water to be treated. be able to.

Since the ion separator of the present invention uses a magnetic field or an electric field, it can be a simple and inexpensive system capable of stable processing.

Ion species to be reduced include seawater components such as sodium, potassium, and chlorine, ions of radioactive substances such as cesium-137 and iodine-131, and toxic ions such as arsenic. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The water treatment system of the present invention can be used for desalination of seawater and removal, concentration, and recovery of ionic species (seawater components, radioactive ions, harmful ions, etc.) in water to be treated. Depending on the purpose of use, the degree of ion species reduction can be appropriately set.

In the ion separation device of the present invention, it is preferable that the cylindrical body has a pulse electric field generating ability. The tubular body capable of generating a pulsed electric field intermittently self-generates an electric field so that the ion species contained in the water to be treated can be given an attractive force or a repulsive force in the direction of the surface in contact with the tubular body. is possible. The pulse electric field generated by the cylindrical body capable of generating a pulse electric field can increase the attractive force or repulsive force in the direction of the surface in contact with the cylindrical body against the ion species contained in the water to be treated.

The cylindrical body capable of generating a pulsed electric field is preferably a cylindrical body made of an insulating material and fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the surface of the cylindrical body. With such a configuration, a large number of thin electric lines of force can be generated from the cylindrical body, and ion species can be separated more efficiently. Further, when the cylindrical body has a hollow structure, the surface on which the fine particles having self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed is the outer peripheral surface and/or the inner peripheral surface. Fine particles having a self-electromotive force are preferably oriented and fixed on the outer peripheral surface because the force of the electric field can be easily transmitted to the ion species.

In addition, "fine particles having self-electromotive force" are fine particles that have polarity in their structure, can capture free electrons in space, and can maintain intermittent desorption of electrons between polarities after capture. is. Electrons are attached and detached intermittently in such fine particles, so that a pulse electric field can be generated.

The microparticles having self-electromotive force are preferably mesoscopic structures composed mainly of calcium and carbon. Note that the mesoscopic structure is a structure with a mesoscopic region of 5 to 500 nm. In the mesoscopic region (particularly, a mesoscopic structure in a mesoscopic microscopic region of 5 to 50 nm), the elemental composition mainly composed of calcium and carbon has polarity in the structure due to the state of the special structure, and between the polarities Electrons can be intermittently and continuously desorbed. The polarities within the structure can individually trap electrons and emit electrons to create a pulsed electric field.

Moreover, it is preferable that the cylindrical body includes a doughnut-shaped coil. A donut-shaped coil can efficiently generate a uniformly oriented magnetic field.

It is preferable that the microchannel member is an insulating tube wound around the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body so as to be in close contact therewith. Further, it is more preferable that the inner diameter of the insulating tube is 10 to 500 μm. With such a configuration, the channel can be lengthened without increasing the size of the ion separation device.

From the viewpoint of ion species separation efficiency, the branching angle of the bifurcated portion is preferably 20 to 90 degrees. In addition, the branch angle means an included angle formed by two outflow portions of the bifurcated portion.

[Water treatment system]
The present invention relates to a water treatment system (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the water treatment system of the present invention") equipped with the ion separator of the present invention.
By using the water treatment system of the present invention, water in which the ionic species are reduced can be obtained from the water to be treated containing the ionic species (cations and/or anions) to be reduced.

Among others, the water treatment system of the present invention is preferably a desalination system for obtaining fresh water from seawater.
By using the water treatment system of the present invention as a desalination system, the generation of by-products can be suppressed and the electric energy required for treatment can be reduced as compared with the electrodialysis method. In addition, ions such as fluoride ions, which are difficult to remove with the RO membrane, can also be reduced. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to pass the water to be treated through a filtration membrane such as an RO membrane, clogging is less likely to occur and maintenance is easy. Therefore, the water to be treated can be stably treated. In addition, since the system is simple, it is inexpensive and can easily be applied to large-scale facilities.

It is preferable that the water treatment system of the present invention further comprises voltage application means for applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated portion of the ion separator.
By applying a voltage to the vicinity of the bifurcated portion by the voltage applying means, the electric field balance in the water to be treated flowing through the channel can be more biased.

The water treatment system of the present invention comprises a plurality of ion separators, and the starting end of the microchannel member of the second ion separator is communicated with one outflow part of the bifurcated part of the first ion separator. It is preferable to By treating the water to be treated with a plurality of ion separators, ionic species in the water to be treated can be efficiently separated and reduced.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the starting end portion of the minute channel member of the third ion separator communicate with the other outflow part of the bifurcated portion of the first ion separator.
With such a configuration, in the second ion separator and the third ion separator, the cation-concentrated water and the anion-concentrated water can be treated simultaneously, and water with a low concentration of ion species can be processed. can be obtained more efficiently.

For example, the water treatment system of the present invention comprises a cylindrical body capable of generating a pulsed electric field, an insulating tube for passing water wound so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and the insulating tube. and a bifurcated pipe connected to the terminal end of the second ion separator, at one outflow part of the bifurcated pipe of the first ion separator. A water treatment system can be provided in which the starting ends of the insulating tubes are communicated.
Also, a cylindrical body capable of generating a pulsed electric field, an insulating tube for passing water wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and two connected to the terminal end of the insulating tube. and a plurality of ion separators having branch pipes, wherein the leading end of the insulating tube of the second ion separator is connected to one outflow portion of the bifurcated branch pipe of the first ion separator. The water treatment system can be such that the starting end of the insulating tube of the third ion separator is communicated with the other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe of the first ion separator. .

[Method for producing fresh water]
The present invention relates to a method for producing fresh water from seawater using the water treatment system of the present invention.

In addition, the present invention can be a method for producing fresh water having step (A), step (B1) and/or step (B2).
Step (A): A step of separating seawater into cation-enriched water having a higher cation concentration than the seawater and anion-enriched water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration of the seawater. (B1): A step of separating the cation-enriched water separated in step (A) into cation ultra-enriched water having a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration of the cation-enriched water, and fresh water. (B2): A step of separating the anion-enriched water separated in step (A) into anion super-enriched water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration of the anion-enriched water, and fresh water.

As described above, the method for producing fresh water of the present invention can stably treat the water to be treated.

Hereinafter, the ion separator of the present invention and the water treatment system of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment system 100 of the present invention. The water treatment system 100 of the present invention includes an ion separator 10a as a first ion separator and an ion separator 20a as a second ion separator. The starting end of the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 20a is communicated with one outflow part of the bifurcated pipe 13a of the ion separator 10a, and the water to be treated W is treated by the ion separator 10a. , is further processed in the ion separator 20a. An insulating tube 3a is communicated with the other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe 13a of the ion separator 10a. One outflow portion of the bifurcated branch pipe 13b of the ion separator 20a is connected to the starting end of the insulating tube 2b, and the other outflow portion of the bifurcated branch pipe 13b is connected to the starting end of the insulating tube 3b. are connected.

In the water treatment system 100 of the present invention, first, the water W to be treated is treated by the ion separator 10a to separate the cations and anions in the water W to be treated, and the cation-concentrated water is an insulating tube. 1b, and the anion-concentrated water flows to the insulating tube 3a.
Then, by treating the separated cation-enriched water with the ion separator 20a, it can be separated into cation super-enriched water with a higher cation concentration and water with a lower cation concentration. Since this water with a low cation concentration also has reduced anions, it is water with a low concentration of ionic species. Water with a low concentration of seeds can be obtained.

[Ion separator 10a]
In the water treatment system 100 of the present invention, the ion separator 10a includes a cylindrical body 12, an insulating tube 1a wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12 so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12, and an end portion of the insulating tube 1a. and a bifurcated branch pipe 13a connected to.
As described above, the ion separator 10a separates the water W to be treated into cation-concentrated water having a higher cation concentration than the water W to be treated and negative ion concentration higher than the anion concentration in the water W to be treated. This is the part that is separated from the anion-concentrated water, which has a high ion concentration.

(cylindrical body 12)
The cylindrical body 12 is a member having the ability to generate a pulsed electric field, and exerts a repulsive force or an attractive force toward the cylindrical body 12 with respect to ion species in the water to be treated W flowing inside the wound insulating tube 1a. This is the part that generates a pulsed electric field in order to keep giving
The cylindrical body 12 is a cylindrical body having a hollow structure, and fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12 . The cylindrical body 12 is made of an insulating material such as resin (polyester, fluororesin, silicone, aromatic polyetherketone resin, etc.), rubber, or glass. From the standpoint of ease of processing, it is preferable to use a cylindrical body made of resin.

Fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed to the cylindrical body 12 so that free electrons can move toward the cylindrical body 12 . By fixing the fine particles having self-electromotive force in this way, a larger repulsive force or attractive force can be generated in the direction from the insulating tube 1a toward the cylindrical body 12. FIG.

A preferred embodiment of the microparticles having self-electromotive force is a mesoscopic structure composed mainly of calcium and carbon.

In addition, the mesoscopic structure containing calcium and carbon as main constituents is a structure further containing one or more elements selected from the group consisting of elements from Groups 3 to 12 of Period 4 of the periodic table. may For example, the mesoscopic structure may further include one or more selected from the group consisting of Fe, Zn, and Mn.

The cylindrical body 12 is a polar orientation sheet in which fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed so that they are oriented and fixed in the same direction in terms of polarity with respect to the space in the same direction on the surface of the insulating base material. It can be formed by processing into a roll shape so that the flat surface becomes the outer peripheral surface.
Details of the polar alignment sheet will be described later.

The cylindrical body 12 has an outer diameter of 10 cm to 100 cm and a height of 20 cm to 100 cm. For ease of handling, the preferred size is an outer diameter of 20 cm to 30 cm and a height of 40 cm to 60 cm.

(Insulating tubes 1a, 3a)
The insulating tube 1a is a tube for passing water, into which the water W to be treated can be introduced from the beginning thereof, and which serves as a flow path for the water W to be treated. The insulating tube 1a can be made of resin (polyester, fluororesin, silicon, aromatic polyetherketone resin, etc.), rubber, glass, or the like. It should be noted that the insulating tube 1a is preferably made of resin, and is preferably made of the same material as that of the cylindrical body 12, for ease of processing.
The insulating tube 1a has an outer diameter of 15 μm to 1000 μm and an inner diameter of 10 μm to 500 μm. Further, if the outer diameter and inner diameter of the insulating tube 1a are too large, it becomes difficult to transmit the force generated by the pulse electric field generated from the cylindrical body 12 to the ion species in the water W to be treated. A larger electric field is required to transmit the ion species inside. For this reason, the outer diameter is preferably 15 μm to 500 μm, the inner diameter is 10 μm to 100 μm, more preferably the outer diameter is 15 μm to 100 μm, the inner diameter is 10 μm to 50 μm, even more preferably , an outer diameter of 15 μm to 35 μm and an inner diameter of 10 μm to 30 μm.
The number of windings of the insulating tube 1a around the cylindrical body 12 is three. The number of times of winding may be 1 to 10 times, and is preferably 3 to 6 times depending on the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 12 and the like.
Also, the insulating tube 3a connected to the insulating tube 1a via the bifurcated pipe 13a can be made of the same material and size as the insulating tube 1a.

(Bifurcated pipe 13a)
The bifurcated pipe 13a is a member that is provided at the terminal end of the insulating tube 1a and divides the insulating tube 1a into two. The bifurcated pipe 13a is provided so as to contact the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12. As shown in FIG. The material of the bifurcated branch pipe 13a is, like the insulating tube 1a, an insulating material such as resin (polyester, fluororesin, silicon, aromatic polyetherketone resin, etc.), rubber, or glass.
The branching angle of the bifurcated branch pipe 13a is determined by the force caused by the pulse electric field generated by the cylindrical body 12 and the flow force of the water to be treated, depending on the direction of the stress of each of the cations and anions. The direction of each stress is adjusted. A preferred branching angle is 20 to 90 degrees (more preferably 30 to 70 degrees). The branch angle means an included angle formed by two outflow portions of the bifurcated pipe 13a.

The water to be treated W flowing through the insulating tube 1a is divided into two layers of cation-concentrated water (cation-concentrated layer) and anion-concentrated water (anion-concentrated layer) as it flows through the insulating tube 1a. It has become. The cationic concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 1b through the bifurcated branch pipe 13a, and the anionic concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 3a through the bifurcated branch pipe 13a.

[Ion separator 20a]
The ion separator 20a is an ion separator that communicates with the ion separator 10a, and includes a cylindrical body 12, an insulating tube 1b that is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12 so as to be in close contact with the insulating tube 1b, and an insulating and a bifurcated pipe 13b connected to the terminal end of the tube 1b. The insulating tube 1b can have the same configuration as the insulating tube 1a, except that the starting end thereof communicates with one of the outflow portions of the bifurcated pipe 13a. The bifurcated branch pipe 13b is also the same as the bifurcated pipe 13a except that the starting ends of the insulating tube 2b and the insulating tube 3b are communicated with each other. The insulating tube 2b and the insulating tube 3b can be made of the same material and size as the insulating tube 1b.

Also, the ion separator 20a is a part that processes the cation-concentrated water separated by the ion separator 10a. In the ion separator 20a, super-concentrated cation water having a higher cation concentration than the cation-concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 2b via the bifurcated branch pipe 13b, and has a lower cation concentration than the cation-concentrated water. Water flows to the insulating tube 3b via the bifurcated pipe 13b. By being processed by the ion separation device 20a, it is separated into cation ultra-concentrated water with a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration in the cation concentration water and water with a cation concentration low, and the end of the insulating tube 2b Cation super-concentrated water is discharged from the end of the insulating tube 3b, and water with a low cation concentration is discharged from the end of the insulating tube 3b.

Note that the ion separator 20a may be configured to process anion-concentrated water. When the anion-enriched water is treated, it is treated by the ion separator 20a to produce cation super-enriched water with a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration in the anion-enriched water and water with a lower anion concentration. separated into

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment system 200 of the present invention having a configuration in which three ion separators are connected.
The water treatment system 200 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 includes an ion separator 10a as a first ion separator, an ion separator 20b as a second ion separator, and an ion A separation device 30b, a water tank 40, and a water tank 50 are provided. One outflow portion of the bifurcated branch pipe 13a of the ion separator 10a is connected to the starting end of the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 20b, and the other end of the bifurcated branch pipe 13a of the ion separator 10a is connected. The starting end of the insulating tube 1c of the ion separator 30b is communicated with the outflow part. The water to be treated W is treated in the ion separator 10a and then treated in the ion separator 20b or the ion separator 30b.

As in the water treatment system 100 of the present invention, the ion separator 10a of the water treatment system 200 of the present invention concentrates the water W to be treated into cations having a higher cation concentration than the cation concentration in the water W to be treated. This is a portion for separating water and anion-concentrated water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration in the water W to be treated. In the ion separator 10a of the water treatment system 200 of the present invention, one outflow portion of the bifurcated pipe 13a communicates with the starting end of the insulating tube 1c of the ion separating device 30b instead of the starting end of the insulating tube 3a. It is the same as the ion separator 10a of the water treatment system 100 of the present invention except that

[Ion separator 20b]
The ion separator 20b is an ion separator connected to the ion separator 10a. The ion separator 20b includes a tubular body 12, an insulating tube 1b wound around the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body 12 so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body 12, and a bifurcated branch tube 13b connected to the terminal end of the insulating tube 1b. and voltage applying means 14b for applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated pipe 13b.
This ion separator 20b is a part that separates the cation-enriched water separated by the ion separator 10a into cation super-concentrated water with a higher cation concentration and water with a lower cation concentration, and is a bifurcated branch pipe. The configuration is different from that of the ion separator 20a in that a voltage application means 14b for applying a voltage is provided immediately before the branch point 13b.
In this way, by providing the voltage applying means 14b and applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated branch tube 13b, the electric field balance in the insulating tube 1b is biased, and cations and water are further separated. In this state, it can flow to the insulating tube 2b and the insulating tube 3b.
As a result, the resulting water with a low cation concentration becomes water from which more cations have been removed.

In the ion separator 20b, the cation super-concentrated water having a higher cation concentration than the cation-concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 2b through the bifurcated branch pipe 13b, and has a lower cation concentration than the cation-concentrated water. Water flows to the insulating tube 3b via the bifurcated pipe 13b.

The voltage applying means 14b may be any means capable of applying a weak current. If the applied voltage is too high, the cations are disturbed and the separation of the cations and water becomes difficult. .0V) is preferred. Further, the direction of voltage application is adjusted so that an electric field corresponding to the stress received by the positive ions is generated by the force caused by the pulsed electric field generated by the tubular body 12 and the force of the water flowing.

[Ion separator 30b]
The ion separator 30b is an ion separator connected to the ion separator 10a. The ion separator 30b includes a tubular body 12, an insulating tube 1c wound around the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body 12 so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body 12, and a bifurcated branch tube 13c connected to the terminal end of the insulating tube 1c. and voltage applying means 14c for applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated pipe 13c. The insulating tube 1c, the bifurcated branch tube 13c, and the voltage applying means 14c can be the same as the insulating tube 1b, the bifurcated branch tube 13b, and the voltage applying means 14b. The voltage applying means 14c applies a voltage so that an electric field corresponding to the stress received by the anions is generated by the force caused by the pulsed electric field generated by the cylindrical body 12 and the force caused by the flow of the water to be treated. Orientation is adjusted.
This ion separator 30b is a part that separates the anion-enriched water separated by the ion separator 10a into anion super-concentrated water with a higher anion concentration and water with a lower anion concentration. By providing the voltage application means 14c, it is possible to obtain water with a low anion concentration from which anions are further removed.

In the ion separator 30b, the anion super-concentrated water, which has a higher anion concentration than the anion-concentrated water, flows into the insulating tube 2c via the bifurcated branch pipe 13c, and has a lower anion concentration than the anion-concentrated water. Water flows to the insulating tube 3c via the bifurcated pipe 13c.

The configuration of the ion separator 20b and the ion separator 30b may be the same or different. For example, instead of the ion separator 20b, the ion separator 20a may be used, or the material of the insulating tube and the number of windings around the cylindrical body may be different.

[Water tank 40]
The water tank 40 is a portion that stores water with a low cation concentration separated by the ion separator 20b and water with a low anion concentration separated by the ion separator 30b.
The end of the discharge pipe 4 to which the ends of the insulating tube 3b and the insulating tube 3c are connected is arranged inside the water tank 40, and the water discharged from the discharge pipe 4 is It can be accommodated in the water tank 40 .
In addition, the insulating tube 3b and the insulating tube 3c may be arranged such that the end portions of the insulating tube 3b and the insulating tube 3c are directly inside the water tank 40 without passing through the discharge pipe 4. It may be configured to be housed in a water tank.

[Water tank 50]
The water tank 50 is a portion that stores the cation super-concentrated water separated by the ion separator 20b and the anion super-concentrated water separated by the anion separator 30b. Although the recovered water contains the ionic species to be reduced, it is concentrated water, so the liquid volume of the water to be treated can be reduced.
The end of the discharge pipe 5 to which the ends of the insulating tube 2b and the insulating tube 2c are connected is placed inside the water tank 50, and the water discharged from the discharge pipe 5 is It can be accommodated in the water tank 50 .
The insulating tube 2b and the insulating tube 2c may be arranged such that their terminal ends are directly inside the water tank 50 without passing through the discharge pipe 5, or they may be arranged separately. It may be configured to be housed in a water tank.

<Embodiment 3>
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the water treatment system of the present invention having a configuration in which three ion separators are connected. The water treatment system 300 of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 differs from the water treatment system 200 of the present invention in that the first ion separator is the ion separator 10b.

[Ion separator 10b]
In the water treatment system 300 of the present invention, the ion separator 10b has a donut shape composed of a cylindrical body 12, a donut-shaped coil 15 disposed inside the cylindrical body 12, a conductive wire 16, and a DC pulse power supply 17. A driving means for driving the coil 15, an insulating tube 1a wound so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12, and a bifurcated branch tube 13a connected to the terminal end of the insulating tube 1a. I have. Similar to the ion separator 10a, the ion separator 10b separates the water W to be treated into cation-concentrated water having a higher cation concentration than the cation concentration in the water W to be treated and anions in the water W to be treated. This is the portion to be separated into the anion-concentrated water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration. The ion separator 10b has a donut-shaped coil 15 arranged inside the cylindrical body 12, and driving means for driving the donut-shaped coil 15 composed of a conductive wire 16 and a DC pulse power supply 17. Different from 10a.

With such a configuration, an electric field is generated by applying a predetermined pulse of direct current to the doughnut-shaped coil 15 from the DC pulse power supply 17 via the conductive wire 16, and the pulse electric field generated in the cylindrical body 12 is generated. generates a strong electric field by resonating with As a result, when the water W to be treated flows inside the insulating tube 1a, the ion species contained in the water to be treated W continues to exert a greater attractive force or repulsive force on the surface in contact with the cylindrical body 12. can be done. This makes it easier to separate the cations and anions in the water W to be treated.

It is preferable that the donut-shaped coil 15 is arranged such that its axis coincides with the axis of the tubular body 12 . Moreover, it is preferable to adjust the pulse period of the DC pulse power supply 17 so as to match the frequency of the electromagnetic waves of the fine particles having self-electromotive force forming the cylindrical body 12 .

<Embodiment 4>
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a water treatment system 400 of the present invention. In the water treatment system 400 of the present invention, two insulating tubes 1a are wound around the tubular body 12 of the ion separator 10c, and two insulating tubes 1b are wound around the tubular body 12 of the ion separator 20c. being turned. The terminal end of each insulating tube 1a is connected to the starting end of each insulating tube 1b or the starting end of each insulating tube 3a through each bifurcated pipe 13a. The terminal end of each insulating tube 1b is connected to the starting end of each insulating tube 2b or the starting end of each insulating tube 3b via each bifurcated pipe 13b.
With such a configuration, more water to be treated can be treated with one ion separator.
In addition, the number of the insulating tubes 1a and the insulating tubes 1b wound around the cylindrical body 12 may be three or more.

The water treatment system of the present invention may be configured to further have an ion separator. Since the ionic species to be reduced can be more efficiently reduced and the remaining amount of ionic species can be further reduced, the water treatment system of the present invention allows the water to be treated W to pass through the ion separator multiple times ( 2 to 10 times, or 3 to 5 times) is preferable, and it is preferable to have 3 or more ion separators. The number of ion separators can be from 3 to 21, from 3 to 11, from 3 to 6, and so on.

<Embodiment 5>
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the water treatment system of the present invention with eleven ion separators. The water treatment system 500 of the present invention includes a tank 60, an ion separator 10b, ion separators 20b-24b, ion separators 30b-34b, a water tank 40, and a water tank 50. The ion separators 20b-24b have the same configuration, and the ion separators 30b-34b have the same configuration.

The tank 60 is connected via a pipe 6 to the starting end of the insulating tube 1a of the ion separator 10b.
The starting end of the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 20b is communicated with one outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) of the ion separator 10b, and the other end of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) is connected. The starting end of the insulating tube 1c of the ion separator 30b is communicated with the outflow part.
One outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) of the ion separators 20b to 23b is connected to the beginning end of the insulating tube 1b of the ion separators 21b to 24b, and the ion separators 20b to 23b are connected. The other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) is connected to the insulating tube 2b. In addition, one outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) of the ion separation device 24b is connected to the starting end of the insulating tube 2b, and the other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) is connected to the insulating tube 3b.
One outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) of the ion separators 30b to 33b is connected to the beginning end of the insulating tube 1c of the ion separators 31b to 34b, and the ion separators 30b to 33b are connected. The other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) is connected to the insulating tube 2c. In addition, one outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) of the ion separator 34b is connected to the starting end of the insulating tube 2c, and the other outflow part of the bifurcated pipe (not shown) is connected to the insulating tube 3c.

The terminal ends of the insulating tube 3b of the ion separator 24b and the insulating tube 3c of the ion separator 34b are connected to the starting end of the discharge pipe 4. As shown in FIG. The terminal end of the discharge pipe 4 is arranged inside the water tank 40 . The starting ends of the insulating tubes 2b of the ion separators 20b to 23b and the insulating tubes 2c of the ion separators 30b to 33b are connected to the starting ends of the discharge pipes 5. As shown in FIG. The terminal end of the discharge pipe 5 is arranged inside the water tank 50 .

In the water treatment system 500 of the present invention, the tank 60 containing the water to be treated is introduced into the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 10b through the pipe 6, and in the ion separator 10b, cation concentrated water and anion The cationic concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 20b, and the anionic concentrated water flows into the insulating tube 1c. The cation-concentrated water is treated by the ion separator 20b and separated into cation-super-concentrated water and treated water (W1) with a low cation concentration. The super-concentrated cationic water flows into the insulating tube 2b of the ion separator 20b and is collected in the water tank 50 via the discharge pipe 5. In addition, the treated water (W1) flows into the insulating tube 1b of the ion separator 21b and is treated by the ion separator 21b, whereby the cations and water components of the treated water (W1) are further separated. As a result, the treated water (W2) having a higher cation concentration than the treated water (W1) and the treated water (W3) having a lower cation concentration than the treated water (W1) are separated. By similarly separating the components of cations and water in the ion separators 22b to 24b, water with a lower cation concentration (water with a lower ion species concentration) is obtained from the insulating tube 3b of the ion separator 24b. be done. In the ion separators 30b to 34b, the anion-concentrated water is similarly treated to obtain water with a lower anion concentration (water with a lower ion species concentration).

The water treatment system of the present invention is not limited to the water treatment systems 100 to 500 of the present invention, and the configuration and the like of the ion separator and the communication method can be changed as appropriate.
The insulating tubes communicated with the outflow portions of the bifurcated pipes of the respective ion separators may be directly communicated, or may be communicated via other connecting pipes such as insulating tubes. It may be a configuration.
The members (insulating tubes, bifurcated pipes, etc.) that serve as water flow paths may be made of different materials or may be made of the same material. These members are preferably made of the same material because the force can be controlled by the electric field that the ion species receives. Also, these members may be integrated.

A member other than an insulating tube, such as a belt-like member described later, can be used as a member that serves as a water flow path, as long as it is a long member having a hollow portion that is continuous in the longitudinal direction.

<Embodiment 6>
A water treatment system 600 of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 includes an ion separator 10d.
Similar to the water treatment systems 100 to 500 of the present invention, the ion separator 10d separates the water W to be treated into cation-concentrated water having a higher cation concentration than the cation concentration in the water W to be treated, and water to be treated. This is the portion to be separated into anion-concentrated water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration in W.

[Ion separator 10d]
In the water treatment system 600 of the present invention, the ion separator 10d includes a donut-shaped coil 15d, driving means for driving the donut-shaped coil 15d, which is composed of a conductive wire 16d and a DC power source 17d, and a bifurcated portion 13d at the terminal end. and a voltage applying means 14d. The belt-shaped member 1d has a hollow portion continuous in the longitudinal direction, and is provided so that the longitudinal direction (flow direction of the water W to be treated) is the circumferential direction of the doughnut-shaped coil 15d.

(Doughnut-shaped coil 15d)
The donut-shaped coil 15d is a portion that generates a magnetic field in order to apply a repulsive force or an attractive force to the ion species in the water W to be treated in the direction of the donut-shaped coil 15d. By driving the driving means, a magnetic field parallel to the axial direction of the donut-shaped coil 15d is generated on the outer peripheral surface side of the donut-shaped coil 15d. When the water W to be treated flows inside the belt-shaped member 1d, the ionic species contained in the water W to be treated receive an attractive force or a repulsive force to the surface in contact with the doughnut-shaped coil 15d, and are mixed with cations in the water W to be treated. Anions are separated.

The donut-shaped coil 15d is formed by winding a conductive wire around a tubular core material having a hollow structure.
The doughnut-shaped coil 15d has an outer diameter of 5 cm to 100 cm and a height of 5 cm to 100 cm. For ease of handling, the preferred size is 20 cm to 30 cm in outer diameter and 40 cm to 60 cm in height.

(1d strip member)
The belt-like member 1d can introduce the water W to be treated from a hollow portion at the beginning thereof, and serves as a flow path for the water W to be treated. The belt-shaped member 1d is arranged so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the doughnut-shaped coil 15d. In addition, the belt-shaped member 1d only needs to be in contact with at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the donut-shaped coil 15d. The belt-shaped member 1d can be arranged so as to contact 25%, 50%, or 75% of the outer circumference of the doughnut-shaped coil 15d. Also, the belt-shaped member 1d may be arranged so as to wind the doughnut-shaped coil 15d.
The strip member 1d is made of resin. The belt-shaped member 1d may be made of rubber or glass as well as resin (polyester, fluorine resin, silicon, aromatic polyether ketone resin, acrylic resin, etc.). It should be noted that the belt-shaped member 1d is preferably made of resin for ease of processing.

Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion (channel) of the belt-shaped member 1d is rectangular. The length of the hollow portion in the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the donut-shaped coil 15d is 10 to 3000 μm. In order to efficiently transmit the force to the ion species in the water W to be treated, the thickness can be 2500 μm or less, 2000 μm or less, 1500 μm or less, 1000 μm or less, 500 μm or less, or 100 μm or less.

A bifurcated portion 13d is formed at the terminal end of the belt-like member 1d. A suitable branch angle of the bifurcated branch 13d is 20 to 90 degrees.

It should be noted that the same member as in the water treatment systems 100 to 500 may be used as the minute channel member instead of the belt-shaped member 1d.

(Voltage applying means 14d)
The voltage applying means 14d includes a needle-like voltage applying rod and a pulse power supply (not shown), and can generate a pulse voltage. The pulse width and generated voltage are appropriately set according to the ion concentration in the water W to be treated and the like. For example, the pulse width can be about 100 ns to 1000 ns, and the generated voltage can be about 1 kV to 50 kV. The two needle-like voltage applying rods are positioned so as to sandwich the branch point between a position immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated portion 13d and a position that divides the included angle formed by the two outflow portions of the bifurcated portion into two. It is arranged so that a voltage can be applied. The direction in which the voltage is applied is adjusted so that an electric field corresponding to the stress received by the ion species at the branch point is generated. This allows the ionic species to be more separated. Further, by applying a voltage with a pulse width, even if a high voltage is applied, ion species can be separated by suppressing confusion of the ion species.

2. Method for producing fresh water A method for producing fresh water comprising the following step (A), step (B1) and/or step (B2) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the fresh water producing method of the present invention"). Regarding.
Step (A): A step of separating seawater into cation-enriched water having a higher cation concentration than the seawater and anion-enriched water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration of the seawater. (B1): A step of separating the cation-enriched water separated in step (A) into cation ultra-enriched water having a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration of the cation-enriched water, and fresh water. (B2): A step of separating the anion-enriched water separated in step (A) into anion super-enriched water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration of the anion-enriched water, and fresh water.

The method for producing fresh water of the present invention is a method for producing fresh water in which the step (B1) and/or the step (B2) is performed after the step (A), and an electric field is used to produce cations and anions in seawater. It is a method of separating ion components and obtaining fresh water. By adopting such a production method, it is possible to produce fresh water efficiently and stably with little electric power. In addition, harmful ions such as fluoride ions are less likely to remain or be mixed.
The method for producing fresh water of the present invention can be suitably carried out using the water treatment system of the present invention. In particular, it can be suitably carried out using the water treatment system of the present invention having three or more ion separators.

[Step (A)]
The step (A) is a step of separating seawater into cation-enriched water having a higher cation concentration than the seawater and anion-enriched water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration of the seawater. is.

When the water treatment system of the present invention is used, seawater is passed through the starting end of the ion separator, cation-concentrated water is discharged from one outlet of the bifurcated part, and the other of the bifurcated parts is discharged. The step of draining the anion-concentrated water from the part can be defined as step (A).

[Step (B1)]
In step (B1), the cation-enriched water separated in step (A) is separated into cation super-enriched water having a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration of the cation-enriched water, and fresh water. It is a process.

When the water treatment system of the present invention is used, in the step (A), the cation-concentrated water that has flowed out of the ion separator is passed through the ion separator multiple times, and cations are discharged from one outflow part of the bifurcated part. The step (B1) can be defined as a step in which super-concentrated water is discharged and fresh water is discharged from the other outlet of the bifurcated pipe.

Step (B1) may be performed batchwise multiple times using a water treatment system having one ion separator. In this case, it is preferable to wash with distilled water or fresh water every time the water flowing out from the outflow part of the bifurcated part is collected.
Since fresh water can be produced efficiently, step (B1) is preferably performed multiple times continuously using a water treatment system having a plurality of ion separators, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. .

The number of times the solution is passed through the ion separator (the number of treatments) may be determined according to the configuration of the ion separator within the range where the salt concentration is at the freshwater level (generally, 0.05% or less). For example, it can be 2 or more times, 3 or more times, or 5 or more times. Moreover, the upper limit can be 20 times or less, 10 times or less, or 5 times or less.

[Step (B2)]
In step (B2), the anion-enriched water separated in step (A) is separated into anion-enriched water having a higher anion concentration than that of the anion-enriched water, and fresh water. It is a process.

When the water treatment system of the present invention is used, in step (A), the anion-concentrated water that has flowed out of the ion separator is passed through the ion separator multiple times, and anions are The step (B2) can be defined as a step in which super-concentrated water is discharged and fresh water is discharged from the other outlet of the bifurcated pipe.

Step (B2) can be carried out in the same manner as step (B1), except that anion-concentrated water is used instead of cation-concentrated water.

Either step (B1) or step (B2) may be performed, or both steps may be performed. In order to obtain fresh water more efficiently, it is preferable to perform the step (B1) and the step (B2) after the step (A1), and it is more preferable to perform the step (B1) and the step (B2) in parallel. preferable.

Hereinafter, as an example of the method for producing fresh water of the present invention, the method for producing fresh water of the present invention using the water treatment system 500 of the present invention will be described.

In the production of fresh water using the water treatment system of the present invention, step (A) is performed in the ion separator 10b.
Seawater stored in the tank 60 is introduced through the pipe 6 into the insulating tube 1a of the ion separator 10b. The flow rate of seawater can be set to, for example, 0.5 to 50 cc/s and 1 to 10 cc/s.
In the ion separator 10b, as described above, an electrostatic field is generated at any time in the cylindrical body made of resin, on the surface of which fine particles having self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed. The seawater inside the insulating tube wrapped around the cylindrical body increases the zeta potential due to fluid motion, and tends to separate into a double layer of cations and anions. Furthermore, in the bifurcated pipe, due to the difference in the stress that cations and anions receive, the seawater components are divided into cations (Na ions, Ca ions, etc.) and anions (chloride ions, fluoride ions, etc.). and flows into each insulating tube.

Next, step (B1) is performed in the ion separators 20b to 24b.
In the ion separator 20b, the cation components and water separated by the ion separator 10b flow inside the insulating tube. By applying a predetermined low voltage (1.0 to 3.0 V) from the outside just before the branch point of the ion separator 20b, the ion flows inside the insulating tube connected to one of the outflow parts of the bifurcated pipe. The water is further enriched in cations, and the water flowing inside the insulating tube communicated with the other outlet of the bifurcated pipe is further reduced in cations.

Furthermore, by repeating the same operation four times using the ion separators 21b to 24b on the water in which the cations have been further reduced, it is possible to obtain water in which the salt concentration has been reduced to the level of fresh water. .

Further, step (B2) is performed in the ion separators 30b to 34b.
In the ion separator 30b, the anion components separated by the ion separator 10b and water flow inside the insulating tube. By applying a predetermined low voltage (1.0 to 3.0 V) from the outside just before the branch point of the ion separator 30b, the ion flows inside the insulating tube connected to one of the outflow parts of the bifurcated pipe. Anions are further concentrated in the water, and anions are further reduced in the water flowing inside the insulating tube communicating with one of the outlets of the bifurcated pipe.

Furthermore, by repeating the same operation four times using the ion separators 31b to 34b on the water in which the anions are further reduced, it is possible to obtain water in which the salt concentration has been reduced to the level of fresh water. .

In addition, water in which cations are further concentrated and water in which anions are further concentrated can be combined into the same container and processed to obtain concentrated seawater. This concentrated seawater can also be desalinated by treating it using the water treatment system of the present invention.

3. Polarly oriented sheet The present invention also provides a polar oriented sheet (hereinafter referred to as "the sheet of the present invention") having an insulating substrate and a layer in which fine particles having self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the surface of the insulating substrate. It may be described as.).

As the insulating base material, a sheet formed of an insulating material such as resin (polyester, fluororesin, silicone, aromatic polyetherketone resin, etc.), rubber, glass, or the like can be used.
The microparticles having self-electromotive force are as described above. Since the sheet of the present invention has a layer in which fine particles having a self-electromotive force are fixed so that their polar directions are the same, an oriented electric field is intermittently generated in the fine particles. This becomes a pulsed electric field.
The sheet of the present invention can impart an attractive force or a repulsive force to the sheet surface depending on the state of orientation of the fine particles to ionic species in a fluid such as an electrolyte-containing aqueous solution (salt water, etc.) on the sheet. Such a sheet can be used for separating, reducing, or removing ionic species in water to be treated, as described above.

The shape of the sheet is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as square, circular, and elliptical may be used.
A cylindrical sheet obtained by processing the sheet of the present invention into a cylindrical shape is suitable as a member constituting the ion separator of the water treatment system of the present invention.

The sheet of the present invention is an insulating sheet in which an adhesive such as fucose is applied to the surface using a mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution containing a mesoscopic structure having calcium and carbon as main constituents in a predetermined uniform magnetic field. It can be obtained by treating a base material. For example, by spraying or applying the mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution onto a resin sheet having a surface coated with an adhesive such as fucose in a predetermined magnetic field, the insulating substrate and the mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution are combined. can be obtained by removing the water after contacting the Furthermore, it can be obtained by subjecting the surface of a resin sheet to a magnetic field orientation treatment after bringing the insulating base material into contact with the mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution.

The mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution is prepared by using the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4817817 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-56366 developed by the present inventor, using plant raw materials and marine zooplankton fossils such as fossil corals, limestone. , using a mineral component (mineral imparting material) such as shells as a raw material, it can be produced by a method according to the method disclosed in the same document.

Specifically, a conductive wire coated with an insulator and a mineral imparting material are immersed in water as a mesoscopic structure-containing aqueous solution, and a direct current (current value and voltage value are 0.05 to 0.05) is applied to the conductive wire. .1 A and a range of 8000 to 8600 V), generating a water flow in the water around the conductive wire in the same direction as the direct current, and applying ultrasonic vibration to the water to form an aqueous mineral solution; , a step of irradiating the aqueous mineral solution formed through the above step with far infrared rays (wavelength of 6 to 14 μm); The aqueous solution obtained by the manufacturing method (P1) having a step of mixing mineral-containing water formed by passing water through one or more of them can be used.

Among them, in the step of mixing mineral water with mineral-containing water, six water flow vessels from a first water flow vessel to a sixth water flow vessel are used as the plurality of water flow vessels, and the first water flow vessel is used. The mineral-imparting material in the container contains silicon dioxide and iron oxide, the mineral-imparting material in the second water-conducting container contains silicon dioxide and activated carbon, and the mineral-imparting material in the third water-conducting container contains silicon dioxide and nitriding. Titanium is contained, the mineral-imparting material in the fourth water-conducting container contains silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate, the mineral-imparting material in the fifth water-conducting container contains silicon dioxide and magnesium carbonate, and the sixth water-conducting container The aqueous solution obtained by the production method (P2) in which the mineral-imparting material contains silicon dioxide and calcium phosphate can be used.

By manufacturing by such manufacturing methods (P1) and (P2), mineral components such as calcium and carbon dissolved in water from raw materials fuse with water to form a structure having a size in the mesoscopic region. do. In addition, the mesoscopic structure is stimulated and polarized by an electrical force, thus forming auto-electromotive properties due to electron capture.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless the gist thereof is changed.

<Manufacture of water treatment systems>
A water treatment system shown in FIG. 6 was manufactured by the following procedure.

A resin member (L) used as a microchannel member having a bifurcated portion was manufactured.
First, a polyester sheet (S1) having a width of 20 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 100 mm was placed on a polyester sheet (S1) having a width of 20 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 90 mm so that a groove (hollow portion (M)) having a width of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was formed. A polyester sheet (S1) having a width of 20 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 100 mm was laminated through the sheet (S2). Both ends of the polyester sheet in the longitudinal direction were bonded together in an open state. Next, a V-shaped sheet (S4) made of acrylic (width 20 mm, thickness 0.5 mm) is inserted about 10 mm from one end of the bonded polyester sheet member, and water is prevented from spilling using the polyester sheet (S3). A resin member (L) was produced by sealing the side surfaces in such a manner as to form a bifurcated portion having two openings (J, K) with an interval of 1 mm or less. FIG. 7 shows a partially omitted schematic diagram (a partially omitted schematic diagram viewed from the width direction (Y-axis direction)) showing the side edge portion of the resin member (L). FIG. 8 shows a partially omitted schematic diagram (a partially omitted schematic diagram viewed from the thickness direction (Z-axis direction)) showing the plane portion of the resin member (L). FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

As the donut-shaped coil 15, a donut-shaped coil (about 6 cm in diameter) having a DC power supply was used.

The resin member (L) is arranged so that the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the resin member (L) is perpendicular to the axis of the donut-shaped coil, and the resin member (L) is in contact with a part of the outer peripheral surface of the donut-shaped coil. installed. As a result, the flow direction of the sample water flowing through the hollow portion (M) of the resin member (L) is perpendicular to the axial center of the doughnut-shaped coil. The bifurcated part was arranged so as to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the doughnut-shaped coil.
A pulse generating power source and a needle-like voltage applying rod were used as the voltage applying means 14d. The needle-shaped voltage applying rod was installed between the portion immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated portion and the openings (J, K). It should be noted that the position where the needle-shaped voltage application rod is installed is made movable and adjustable.

<Water treatment using a water treatment system>
The DC power supply and the needle-like voltage applying rod were started under the following conditions.

DC power supply ・A state in which an electrostatic field and a magnetic field are generated in parallel with the axis of the doughnut-shaped coil at DC24V.

Pulse power supply/needle-shaped voltage application rod ・With one needle-shaped voltage application rod maintained in a posture orthogonal to the surface of the polyester sheet (S1), the bifurcated part in the surface of the polyester sheet (S1) It was installed close to the part just before the branch point.
・The other needle-shaped voltage application rod is kept parallel to the flow direction of the sample water, and the bifurcation of the bifurcated part is made while keeping the same distance from the opening (J) and the opening (K). placed close to the point.
・Two needle-shaped voltage applying rods were arranged so as to be sandwiched by an interval of about 5 mm.
・The high voltage pulse width was set to 500 ns, and the generated voltage was set to 20 kV.

(1st processing)
A sample water (3% salt water) was injected at 1 cc/sec from the opening (I) of the resin member (L) while the DC power supply, the pulse power supply and the needle-shaped voltage application rod were being driven. The water separately discharged from each of the two branched openings (J) and (K) was taken in, and the concentration was analyzed with a trace salt concentration system. A sodium glass electrode type salinity meter was used, which selectively responds to sodium ions.

(Second processing)
Distilled water was injected from the opening (I) of the resin member (L) and washed, and then water taken from the opening (J) was again injected from the opening (I). The water coming out of the openings (J) and (K) was taken, and the salt concentration was measured using a trace salt concentration system.
Further, distilled water was injected from the opening (I) of the resin member (L) and washed, and then water taken from the opening (K) was injected again. The water coming out of the openings (J) and (K) was taken, and the salt concentration was measured using a trace salt concentration system.

<Results of salt concentration measurement>
Salt concentration of sample water: 3% (conductivity 45 mS/cm)

(first time)
Salt concentration of water taken from the opening (J): 2.4%
Salt concentration of water taken from the opening (K): 3.5%

(Second time)
・Inject water again from the first opening (J) Salinity concentration of water taken from the opening (J): 2.0%
Water taken from opening (K): 2.8%

(Second time)
・The water taken from the first opening (K) is refilled. The salinity of the water taken from the opening (J): 2.2%.
Salt concentration of water taken from the opening (K): 3.9%

<Discussion>
We experimented the possibility of desalination technology to separate salinity by causing ionized sodium and chlorine to flow unevenly in water due to the electrostatic field, magnetic field, and pulse generation voltage. As a result, a difference in increase and decrease of sodium ions was confirmed between the water taken from the opening (J) and the water taken from the opening (K).
While the sample salinity was 3%, the second split changed the concentration to 2.0% and 3.9%.
Since it is thought that chloride ions also tend to be unevenly distributed in pairs, repeated experiments indicated the possibility of separating high-salinity water and freshwater levels.

According to the water treatment system and fresh water production method of the present invention, fresh water can be stably produced, and water resources such as drinking water can be secured without being affected by the weather or the like.

1a, 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c Insulating tube 1d Strip member 4, 5 Discharge pipe 6 Pipe 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 20a, 20b to 24b, 20c, 30a, 30b to 34b Ion separator 12 Cylindrical body 13a, 13b, 13c Bifurcated pipe 13d Bifurcated part 14b, 14c, 14d Voltage application means 15, 15d Toroidal coil 16, 16d Conductive wire 17, 17d DC pulse power supply 40, 50 Water storage Tank 60 Tank 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 Water treatment system of the present invention I, J, K Opening portion L Resin member M Hollow portion S1, S2, S3 Polyester sheet S4 V-shaped sheet

Claims (13)

a cylindrical body that generates a magnetic field and/or an electric field;
an insulating microchannel member having a hollow portion for passing water, which is provided so as to be in close contact with at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body;
a bifurcated portion provided at the end portion of the microchannel member;
has
An ion separator, wherein the tubular body comprises a doughnut-shaped coil. a cylindrical body that generates a magnetic field and/or an electric field;
an insulating microchannel member having a hollow portion for passing water, which is provided so as to be in close contact with at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body;
a bifurcated portion provided at the end portion of the microchannel member;
has
An ion separator, wherein the cylindrical body has a pulsed electric field generating capability. 3. The ion separator according to claim 2, wherein said cylindrical body capable of generating a pulsed electric field is a cylindrical body formed of an insulating material and fine particles having a self-electromotive force are oriented and fixed on the surface of said cylindrical body. 4. The ion separator according to claim 3, wherein the microparticles having the self-electromotive force are mesoscopic structures containing calcium and carbon as main constituents. The ion separator according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said tubular body comprises a doughnut-shaped coil. 6. The ion separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said microchannel member is an insulating tube wound so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of said cylindrical body. A water treatment system comprising the ion separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The water treatment system of claim 7, wherein the water treatment system is a desalination system for obtaining fresh water from seawater. 9. The water treatment system according to claim 7, further comprising voltage applying means for applying a voltage immediately before the branch point of the bifurcated portion of the ion separator. A plurality of said ion separation devices are provided, and one outflow portion of said bifurcated portion of said first ion separation device is communicated with a starting end portion of said minute channel member of said second ion separation device. Item 9. The water treatment system according to any one of items 7 to 9. A water treatment system equipped with multiple ion separators,
The ion separation device has a cylindrical body for generating a magnetic field and/or an electric field, and an insulating hollow portion for passing water provided so as to be in close contact with at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. having a microchannel member and a bifurcated portion provided at the terminal end of the microchannel member;
Communicating the starting end portion of the fine channel member of the second ion separation device with one outflow portion of the bifurcated portion of the first ion separation device,
A water treatment system in which the other outflow part of the bifurcated part of the first ion separation device is communicated with the starting end portion of the fine channel member of the third ion separation device. A freshwater production method for producing freshwater from seawater using the water treatment system according to any one of claims 7 to 11. 13. The method for producing fresh water according to claim 12, comprising the following step (A), step (B1) and/or step (B2).
Step (A): A step of separating seawater into cation-enriched water having a higher cation concentration than the seawater and anion-enriched water having an anion concentration higher than the anion concentration of the seawater. (B1): A step of separating the cation-enriched water separated in step (A) into cation ultra-enriched water having a cation concentration higher than the cation concentration of the cation-enriched water, and fresh water. (B2): A step of separating the anion-enriched water separated in step (A) into anion super-enriched water having a higher anion concentration than the anion concentration of the anion-enriched water, and fresh water.

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