JP7197497B2 - Cntパルプのネットワークにより画定された構造物を製造するための系および方法 - Google Patents
Cntパルプのネットワークにより画定された構造物を製造するための系および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、これにより、この特許の内容全体を参照によって本願明細書に引用したものとする、2016年11月15日に出願された、米国特許出願(USC Utility Application)第15/351,912号に対する恩典および優先権を請求する。
はまた、前記分散物を硬化して、CNTパルプネットワークをその中に形成されている構造物を形成する工程を含み、前記CNTパルプは前記ネットワークを介して前記構造物全体の電子伝達を可能にするために十分な量を提供される。
様々な実施態様に従って、その中にカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプネットワークを有する構造物を製造するための、改善された組成物および方法が提供される。様々な実施態様に従って、前記組成物および方法は、CNTパルプネットワークにより画定された本体と、活性物質と、前記活性物質および前記CNTパルプネットワークを結合する結合剤とを有する構造物を含む場合がある。幾つかの実施態様において、前記構造物は、活性物質と、溶媒と、結合剤との中に分散されたCNTパルプを含む分散物を硬化する工程により形成される場合がある。
うちの1種以上を含む場合がある。
)」、(2)高い完成度を有するチューブを与える場合がある高温法の「アーク放電法」、および(3)「レーザーアブレーション法」:を含む。
to failure)は、本発明において、約10重量%ないし最大約25重量%の範囲の場合がある。
うな液体、または、排気2007の上流で回収されなかったナノ物質を回収するためのフィルター中を通過させられる場合がある。更に、前記排気ガスは、前記排気ガスの様々な成分を不活化するために、火炎で処理される場合があり、例えば反応性水素は酸化されて水を形成する場合がある。
そして前記活性物質粒子を相互接続させるために、より大量の物質が必要とされ、それにより、活性物質の量を低減させ、従って、前記構造物の性能を低下させるであろう。
約1.0重量%の結合剤、および約50重量%の活性物質を含む場合がある。他の実施態様において、前記分散物は、約pH=3にバッファーされた水中に、約0.5重量%のCNTパルプ、約2.2重量%の結合剤、約50重量%の活性物質、約5重量%のエタノールを含む場合がある。
状を有するあらゆる組成物を使用する場合があることは明白であるろう。
し、C/2およびC/10のようなより低い放電率においては、約0.25重量%のCNTパルプの複合体は、従来技術の4重量%のカーボンブラック技術品の性能に釣り合うことが可能である。更に図7に示されるように、他の複合体はそれぞれ、2Cの放電率において約110mAh/gの同様な容量を示すが、約0.5重量%のCNTパルプ複合体および約0.75重量%のCNTパルプ複合体は、C/10のような比較的低い放電率においては、比較的高い容量(前記カーボンブラックで約120mAhに比較して約140mAh)を示す。従って、図7に示されるように、CNTパルプネットワークで形成された構造物は、2Cの放電率(高電力印加)に対して、従来のカーボンブラック組成物に比較して、8分の1の低い濃度の(すなわち、約0.5重量%対約4重量%)導電添加剤で浸透閾値を達成する場合がある。より低い電力印加に対しては、16分の1の低い濃度が適切である。
柔軟性は、装着可能な電子機器および個人用コンピューターを含む広範な用途に有用な場合がある。しかし、電池の真の柔軟性を得るためには、前記アノードおよび前記カソードは機械的に堅牢で柔軟でなければならない。図9Aは、LFP中約5重量%のカーボンブラック添加剤を有する従来のカソードの画像であり、そして図9Bは、LFP中約1重量%のCNTパルプを有する本開示のカソード構造物の画像である。図9Aに示されるように、従来のカソードは、2.5cm直径のジベル(dowel)の周囲に巻かれると亀裂する。それに対し図9Bに示されるように、約1重量%のCNTパルプのカソードは、0.32cmのドエルの周囲に巻かれるときにも亀裂しない。本開示を考慮すると、CNTパルプを含む他のいずれかの組成物が、様々な実施態様に従って使用される場合があることは明白であろう。一般に、柔軟性と容量との間には二律背反(trade-off)が存在するようであるが、CNTおよび結合剤の割合の増加は更なる柔軟性をもたらす場合がある。しかし、すべての組成物において、CNTパルプ物質の含有は、電池の活性物質に、従来のカーボンブラックまたはCNT粉末添加剤によっては得られることができない柔軟性および強度を与える場合がある。
Claims (21)
- 構造物であって、
それぞれ1mmより大きい長さを有する複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を含む、相互接続されたカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプ(前記CNTパルプは、前記構造物の0.1重量%~20.0重量%の量が提供される)、のネットワークにより画定された本体と、
前記CNTパルプネットワーク内に分散された結合物質と、
イオン貯蔵のために前記本体全体に分配された活性物質と含み、
前記構造物はアノードである、
構造物。 - 前記結合物質は前記構造物の2重量%ないし50重量%である、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 更に、前記本体内に分散された、カーボンブラックか、黒鉛か、グラフェンか、導電ポリマーか、前記CNTパルプネットワークとの相乗的導電性を提供するあらゆる導電材料か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む添加剤を含む、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記添加剤は前記構造物の0.5重量%ないし90重量%である、請求項3の構造物。
- 前記結合物質は、ポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVDF)か、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)か、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)か、前記活性物質を前記CNTパルプネットワークと結合させることが可能なあらゆる結合物質か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記構造物は1平方センチメートル当り12ミリグラム以上の固形分負荷物(loadings)を有する、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記活性物質は、シリコンナノ粒子か、シリコンナノワイヤか、ナノスケールカーボン上のシリコン被膜か、あらゆるナノスケールシリコンか、あらゆるアノードの活性物質か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含み、前記ナノスケールカーボンは、カーボンナノチューブか、グラフェンか、黒鉛か、カーボンブラックか、あらゆるナノスケールカーボンか、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記活性物質は前記構造物の10重量%ないし95重量%である、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記構造物はキャパシター、擬似キャパシターまたはスーパーキャパシターのうちの1種以上を画定する、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 構造物を形成する方法であって、
分散物を形成するために、それぞれ1mmより大きい長さを有する複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を含む(CNT)カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプを、結合剤、活性物質および溶媒と混合する工程、
前記分散物を基板に適用する工程、および
その中に形成されているCNTパルプネットワークを有する構造物を形成するために、前記分散物を硬化する工程
を含み、
前記活性物質は、シリコンナノ粒子か、シリコンナノワイヤか、ナノスケールカーボン上のシリコン被膜か、あらゆるナノスケールシリコンか、あらゆるアノードの活性物質か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含み、前記ナノスケールカーボンは、カーボンナノチューブか、グラフェンか、黒鉛か、カーボンブラックか、あらゆるナノスケールカーボンか、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含み、
前記CNTパルプは、前記構造物の0.1重量%~20.0重量%の量が提供され、
前記構造物はアノードである、
構造物を形成する方法。 - 前記混合する工程は、
最初に、前記カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプを結合剤および溶媒と混合する工程、および、
前記分散物を形成するために、活性物質を、前記CNTパルプ、前記結合剤、および前記溶媒にその後添加する工程
を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記その後添加する工程は、更に、前記分散物を形成するために、前記分散物を前記の更なる溶媒で希釈する工程を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 更に、CNTパルプを形成するために、パルプ化装置により、CNTシートか、CNTストリップか、CNTテープか、バルク回収CNTか、CNT糸か、あらゆる十分絡み合ったCNT材料か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上をパルプ化する工程、
第1の粉砕機中で、前記CNTパルプの少なくとも一部を粉砕する工程、および
第2の粉砕機中で、前記CNTパルプを離解する工程
を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 更に、前記CNTパルプのイオン伝導率を高めるために、前記CNTパルプを化学的に修飾または被覆する工程を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記CNTパルプは、ポリシラザンか、ポリ尿素シラザンか、導電ポリマーか、ポリアミンか、ポリチオフェンか、ポリアミドによる浸潤物(infiltration)か、カルボキシレートもしくはアミン官能基を導入するための化学的修飾物か、イオン伝導率を高めるための化学的修飾物か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上により、修飾または被覆されている、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記結合剤は、ポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVDF)か、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)か、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)か、前記活性物質を前記CNTパルプネットワークと結合させることが可能なあらゆる結合物質か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒は、n-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)か、水か、エタノールか、シクロヘキシルピロリドン(CHP)か、1-ベンジル-2-ピロリジノン(NBenP)か、アニリンか、アセトニトリルか、ジメチルホルムアミドか、ジクロロメタンか、pHバッファーか、前記活性物質、前記結合剤および前記CNTパルプを含む分散物を形成することが可能なあらゆる溶媒か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- ハウジング;
前記ハウジング内に配置された第1の集電体;
第1の集電体と電気的に接続し、そして
それぞれ1mmより大きい長さを有する複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を含む、相互接続されたカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプ(前記CNTパルプは、第1の構造物全体に電子伝達を可能にする、前記構造物の0.1重量%~20.0重量%の量を提供される)、の第1のネットワークにより画定された第1の本体、
第1のCNTパルプネットワーク内に分散された第1の結合物質、および
イオン貯蔵のために第1の本体全体に分配された第1の活性物質:
を含む、第1の構造物;
前記ハウジング内に配置された第2の集電体;
第2の集電体と電気的に接続し、そして
それぞれ1mmより大きい長さを有する複数のカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)を含む、相互接続されたカーボンナノチューブ(CNT)パルプ(前記CNTパルプは、第2の構造物全体に電子伝達を可能にする、前記構造物の0.1重量%~20.0重量%の量を提供される)、の第2のネットワークにより画定された第2の本体、
第2のCNTパルプネットワーク内に分散された第2の結合物質、および
イオン貯蔵のために第2の本体全体に分配された第2の活性物質:
を含む、第2の構造物;
並びに
第1および第2の構造物間の直接の電気接触を防止し、そして第1および第2の構造物間のイオン通過を許すための、第1の構造物と第2の構造物との間に挿入されたセパレーター:
を含む、エネルギー蓄積装置。 - 第1および第2の集電体は、それぞれ、金属か、CNTシートか、CNT糸か、分散されたCNTネットワークか、黒鉛か、グラフェンか、カーボンブラックか、結合剤か、それらの組み合わせかのうちの1種以上を含む、請求項18に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 第1の構造物はカソードを画定し、そして第2の構造物はアノードを画定する、請求項18に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
- 第1の集電体は第1の構造物と統合されており、そして第2の集電体は第2の構造物と統合されている、請求項18に記載のエネルギー蓄積装置。
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| JP2020507195A (ja) | 2020-03-05 |
| CN110234808A (zh) | 2019-09-13 |
| ES2908259T3 (es) | 2022-04-28 |
| KR20190086509A (ko) | 2019-07-22 |
| CN110234808B (zh) | 2022-02-08 |
| KR102470300B1 (ko) | 2022-11-25 |
| WO2018093603A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
| US20180138514A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
| JP7397110B2 (ja) | 2023-12-12 |
| US10581082B2 (en) | 2020-03-03 |
| EP3541992A1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
| US20200161661A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
| EP3541992A4 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
| US11387460B2 (en) | 2022-07-12 |
| JP2022078165A (ja) | 2022-05-24 |
| EP3541992B1 (en) | 2021-12-22 |
| KR20210158424A (ko) | 2021-12-30 |
| KR102461423B1 (ko) | 2022-11-03 |
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