JP7250897B2 - yellow light emitting element - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a yellow light emitting device comprising a light source and a color converter, wherein at most 1% of the total radiant power of the yellow light emitting device is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm. The present invention also relates to the use of said yellow light-emitting device in workspaces with materials sensitive to light of wavelengths below 520 nm, and the use of this yellow light-emitting device resulting in at most 1% of the total radiant power at 520 nm. and a method of providing yellow light in a shorter spectral range than the above.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Photoresists are used in the photolithographic structuring of integrated circuits. Commercially available photoresists are typically sensitive to wavelengths ranging from the near ultraviolet (ultraviolet) to about 460 nm in the visible spectrum. Although this susceptibility does not come to an abrupt end, radiation sources that emit little or no radiation below 520 nm are considered safe for use in illuminating photolithography rooms. When illuminating a room for photolithographic applications, fluorescent lamps or light emitting diodes (LEDs) are typically used, which emit light below 520 nm to avoid unwanted polymerization of the photoresist during handling and processing of the photoresist. It is covered with filters that suppress almost all wavelengths. These lighting elements generate yellow light with little blue light. Prior art lighting devices with filters cannot achieve high efficiencies because the filters convert spectral components below 520 nm into heat. Therefore, there is a strong demand for more efficient yellow light emitting devices.

［式中、構造単位は、同一もしくは異なる置換基で一置換または多置換されていてもよく、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環中の１個以上のＣＨ基は、窒素で置き換えられていてもよい］の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む。この参考文献はまた、式（Ａ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の蛍光体を赤色有機蛍光体と一緒に含む色変換体について記載している。 The spectral output of an LED can be modified using color converters that include phosphor materials such as organic fluorescent dyes that can absorb the light emitted by the LED and convert it to longer wavelength light. . WO2012/168395 describes a color converter used in combination with a blue LED to produce white light. The color converter comprises at least one polymer and at least one organic yellow fluorescent colorant, wherein the organic fluorescent colorant has the formula (A)

[Wherein, the structural units may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with the same or different substituents, and one or more CH groups in the six-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown are replaced with nitrogen. may be] at least one structural unit. This reference also describes color converters comprising at least one phosphor comprising at least one structural unit of formula (A) together with a red organic phosphor.

WO 2015/019270 describes core-cyanated naphthalenebenzimidazole compounds and their use as yellow fluorescent dyes, in particular in color converters for generating white light.

WO2017/121833 describes perylene bisimides with rigid 2,2'-biphenoxy bridges and their use in color converters. This reference also describes color converters comprising a perylene bisimide with a rigid 2,2'-biphenoxy bridge and a yellow organic fluorescent dye, and the use of these color converters in lighting devices for generating white light. is described.

None of these references describe the use of color converters containing organic fluorescent dyes for use in lighting elements that emit little light in the wavelength range below 520 nm.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide organic phosphors for use as color converters in lighting elements suitable for use in rooms with materials sensitive to light with wavelengths below 520 nm, in particular for room lighting in photolithographic applications. to provide dyes.

Preferably, the organic fluorescent dye should have any one or more of the following characteristics:
- excitable by light emitted from a blue LED;
- broad emission spectrum above 520 nm;
- high molar extinction coefficient;
- high quantum yield;
- high photostability under blue and/or white light irradiation conditions;
- high thermal stability under blue and/or white light irradiation conditions;
- high chemical stability to moisture and oxygen;
- good extrudability;
- Good solution processability.

Surprisingly, these objects include (i) a light source selected from blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) or white light emitting diodes (LEDs) or combinations thereof; and a color converter containing at least one fluorescent dye containing at least one structural unit of ).

［式中、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環の１個以上のＣＨ基は、窒素で置き換えられていてもよく、記号はそれぞれ以下のように定義される：
ｎ１は、式（Ｉ）の各構造単位の０～（１０－ｐ１）の数であり、ここで、ｐ１は、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環中の窒素で置き換えられたＣＨ単位の数であり、
Ｘ１は、化学結合、Ｏ、Ｓ、ＳＯ、ＳＯ_２、ＮＲ^１であり、かつ
Ｒは、脂肪族基、環式脂肪族基、アリール、ヘテロアリールであって、これらの各々は置換基を有していてもよく、
芳香族環もしくはヘテロ芳香族環もしくは環系であって、これらの各々は式（Ｉ）の構造単位の他の芳香族環に縮合されており、または
Ｘ１が化学結合でない場合にはＦ、Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ、ＣＮもしくはＨであり、
ここで、
２つのＲ基は結合して１つの環状基を生じてもよく、
Ｘ１およびＲは、ｎ１＞１の場合、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｒ^１は、それぞれ独立して、水素、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであって、その炭素鎖が１つもしくは複数の－Ｏ－、－Ｓ－、－ＣＯ－、－ＳＯ－および／または－ＳＯ_２－部分を含んでいてもよく、かつ一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキル、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリールである］の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含み、
ここで、式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素は、光源により放出された光の少なくとも一部を吸収し、５２０～５９０ｎｍの範囲の波長を含む光を放出し、かつ色変換体中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントは、式（Ａ）
２０［％×μｍ］≦ｗ１×ｄ≦１００［％×μｍ］ （Ａ）
［式中、ｗ１は、ポリマーの総重量を基準にしたポリマーマトリクス中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントであり、ｄは、色変換体の厚さ（μｍ）である］を満たし、
ここで、黄色発光素子の全放出放射パワーの高くても１％が５２０ｎｍよりも短い波長範囲で放出され、かつ黄色発光素子は少なくとも８０ルーメン／ワットの発光効率を有することを特徴とする、黄色発光素子に関する。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, a first aspect of the present invention comprises:
(i) a light source selected from at least one blue light emitting diode having an emission center wavelength of 400 nm to 480 nm, at least one white light emitting diode having a correlated color temperature of 2700 K to 30000 K, or combinations thereof;
(ii) at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix, wherein the at least one organic fluorescent dye is represented by formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I), where p1 is the number of CH units replaced by nitrogen in the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown and
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I), or F, Cl if X1 is not a chemical bond , Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is] at least one structural unit of
wherein at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) absorbs at least part of the light emitted by the light source and emits light comprising a wavelength in the range of 520-590 nm and the weight percentage of at least one organic fluorescent dye containing at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the color converter is represented by formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the polymer matrix based on the total weight of the polymer, and d is the color converter is the thickness (μm)],
wherein at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power of the yellow light-emitting device is emitted in a wavelength range shorter than 520 nm, and the yellow light-emitting device has a luminous efficiency of at least 80 lumens/watt. It relates to a light-emitting element.

A yellow light-emitting device according to the present invention is preferably used for room lighting for photolithographic applications.

［式中、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環の１個以上のＣＨ基は、窒素で置き換えられていてもよく、記号はそれぞれ以下のように定義される：
ｎ１は、式（Ｉ）の各構造単位の０～（１０－ｐ１）の数であり、ここで、ｐ１は、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環中の窒素で置き換えられたＣＨ単位の数であり、
Ｘ１は、化学結合、Ｏ、Ｓ、ＳＯ、ＳＯ_２、ＮＲ^１であり、かつ
Ｒは、脂肪族基、環式脂肪族基、アリール、ヘテロアリールであって、これらの各々は置換基を有していてもよく、
芳香族環もしくはヘテロ芳香族環もしくは環系であって、これらの各々は式（Ｉ）の構造単位の他の芳香族環に縮合されており、または
Ｘ１が化学結合でない場合にはＦ、Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ、ＣＮもしくはＨであり、
ここで、
２つのＲ基は結合して１つの環状基を生じてもよく、
Ｘ１およびＲは、ｎ１＞１の場合、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｒ^１は、それぞれ独立して、水素、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであって、その炭素鎖が１つもしくは複数の－Ｏ－、－Ｓ－、－ＣＯ－、－ＳＯ－および／または－ＳＯ_２－部分を含んでいてもよく、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキル、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリールである］の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含み、
ここで、黄色発光素子の全放出放射パワーの高くても１％が５２０ｎｍよりも短い波長範囲で放出される、黄色発光素子に関する。 A particular aspect of the invention is
(i) as a light source, at least one light emitting diode selected from blue light emitting diodes with an emission central wavelength of 400 nm to 480 nm or white light emitting diodes with a correlated color temperature of 3000 K to 30000 K;
(ii) at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix, wherein the at least one organic fluorescent dye is represented by formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I), where p1 is the number of CH units replaced by nitrogen in the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown and
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I), or F, Cl if X1 is not a chemical bond , Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted aryl or heteroaryl, which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties; There is] at least one structural unit of
We are concerned here with a yellow light-emitting device in which at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power of the yellow light-emitting device is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of said yellow light emitting device as defined herein for illuminating a workspace for working with materials sensitive to light of wavelengths below 520 nm. be.

［式中、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環の１個以上のＣＨ基は、窒素で置き換えられていてもよく、記号はそれぞれ以下のように定義される：
ｎ１は、式（Ｉ）の各構造単位の０～（１０－ｐ１）の数であり、ここで、ｐ１は、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環中の窒素で置き換えられたＣＨ単位の数であり、
Ｘ１は、化学結合、Ｏ、Ｓ、ＳＯ、ＳＯ_２、ＮＲ^１であり、かつ
Ｒは、脂肪族基、環式脂肪族基、アリール、ヘテロアリールであって、これらの各々は置換基を有していてもよく、
芳香族環もしくはヘテロ芳香族環もしくは環系であって、これらの各々は式（Ｉ）の構造単位の他の芳香族環に縮合されており、または
Ｘ１が化学結合でない場合にはＦ、Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ、ＣＮもしくはＨであり、
ここで、
２つのＲ基は結合して１つの環状基を生じてもよく、
Ｘ１およびＲは、ｎ１＞１の場合、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｒ^１は、それぞれ独立して、水素、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであって、その炭素鎖が１つもしくは複数の－Ｏ－、－Ｓ－、－ＣＯ－、－ＳＯ－および／または－ＳＯ_２－部分を含んでいてもよく、かつ一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキル、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリールである］の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含み、
ここで、式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素は、光源により放出された光の少なくとも一部を吸収し、５２０～５９０ｎｍの範囲の波長を含む光を放出することができ、かつ色変換体中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントは、式（Ａ）
２０［％×μｍ］≦ｗ１×ｄ≦１００［％×μｍ］ （Ａ）
［式中、ｗ１は、ポリマーの総重量を基準にしたポリマーマトリクス中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントであり、ｄは、色変換体の厚さ（μｍ）である］を満たす、方法に関する。 According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of providing yellow light having at most 1% of the total radiant power in the spectral range below 520 nm, the method comprising:
(i) providing a light source selected from at least one blue light emitting diode having an emission center wavelength between 400 nm and 480 nm, at least one white light emitting diode having a correlated color temperature between 2700 K and 30000 K, or combinations thereof;
(ii) providing at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix;
(iii) positioning a color converter to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the light source, wherein the at least one organic fluorescent dye has the formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I), where p1 is the number of CH units replaced by nitrogen in the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown and
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I), or F, Cl if X1 is not a chemical bond , Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is] at least one structural unit of
wherein at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) absorbs at least part of the light emitted by the light source and emits light comprising a wavelength in the range of 520-590 nm and the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the color converter is represented by formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the polymer matrix based on the total weight of the polymer, and d is the color converter thickness (μm)].

Preferred embodiments of the invention can be found in the specification and claims. Combinations of the various embodiments are included within the scope of the invention.

Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the emission intensity and the wavelength of a light emitting device (LD1) according to the present invention and a prior art light emitting device (LD2) with a filter;

Detailed Description of the Invention The invention described herein has several advantages:
- A yellow light-emitting device as defined herein can advantageously be used as room lighting for materials sensitive to radiation below 520 nm, especially in semiconductor manufacturing cleanrooms.
- The yellow light emitting device as defined herein can be used for clean room (yellow room) illumination, especially in the fields of lithography, printed circuit boards and microelectronics.
- The yellow light-emitting device as defined herein has a higher luminous efficiency than prior art yellow light-emitting devices and thus a lower electrical consumption.
- The yellow light-emitting device defined herein has a higher wall-plug efficiency than prior art devices.

Advantages of the yellow light-emitting device according to the invention result from the color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of the formula I. Rather than absorbing wavelengths below 520 nm and converting them to heat as filters do, the fluorochromes absorb the light emitted by the blue and white LEDs respectively and convert them to longer wavelength light. can do.

In the context of the present invention, the term "phosphor" can be a single phosphor or a mixture of phosphors. The term "phosphor" relates to a wavelength converting material that emits secondary radiation of different wavelength when excited by primary radiation.

In the context of the present invention, the term "fluorescent colorant" includes all materials capable of absorbing light of a particular wavelength and converting it to light of another wavelength. The organic fluorescent colorant may be an organic fluorescent pigment or an organic fluorescent dye.

In the context of the present invention, the term "organic fluorescent dye" refers to an organic dye that absorbs light at a first wavelength and emits light at a second wavelength that is longer than the absorbed wavelength.

In the context of the present invention, the term "inorganic light emitting material" refers to a material that absorbs light at a first wavelength and emits light at a second wavelength that is longer than the wavelength of the absorbed light.

In the context of the present invention, the term "LED" or "light emitting diode" refers to a stack of inorganic semiconductor layers ("chip ) and contacts attached to the stack.

In the context of the present invention, the term "light-emitting device" is a device comprising an LED and a color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye in a polymer matrix, the color converter being excited by the LED Refers to a device that is adapted to receive light and emit light having a longer wavelength than the excitation light.

In the context of the present invention, the term "polymer matrix" refers to a polymer in which organic fluorescent dyes are dispersed or molecularly dissolved.

In the context of the present invention, the term "color converter", also simply called "converter", is capable of absorbing light of a certain wavelength and converting it to light of a second (longer) wavelength. is understood to mean all possible physical elements. The color converter is for example part of a lighting element, in particular a lighting element that utilizes a blue LED as light source.

Unlike color converters, light filters selectively transmit light in certain wavelength ranges and absorb the rest. Therefore, filters cannot convert light with shorter wavelengths to light with longer wavelengths.

Quantum dots are nanocrystals made of semiconductor materials that are small enough to exhibit quantum mechanical properties. Quantum dots exhibit a remarkably narrow emission spectrum, ie they have a very low FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum). The color output of quantum dots can be tuned by controlling the size of the crystals. The smaller the quantum dot size, the shorter the wavelength of the quantum dot that it emits.

In the context of the present invention, a "blue LED" refers to an LED in the blue range of the electromagnetic spectrum having an emission center wavelength in the range of 400-480 nm, preferably 420-480 nm, more preferably 440-475 nm, most preferably 440-460 nm. It is understood to mean an LED that emits light. Suitable semiconductor materials are silicon carbide, zinc selenide, and nitrides such as aluminum nitride (AlN), gallium nitride (GaN), indium nitride (InN) and indium gallium nitride (InGaN). An LED typically has a narrow wavelength distribution centered around its peak wavelength. Standard InGaN-based blue LEDs are fabricated on sapphire substrates, with peak emission wavelengths typically centered around 445-455 nm.

In the context of the present invention, the terms "blue emission" or "blue light" refer to light having wavelengths in the range of approximately 400-480 nm.

In the context of the present invention, the term "having a wavelength" or "comprising a wavelength" indicates that the emitted light has a wavelength within a given range.

In the context of the present invention, the term "white light emitting element" or "white LED" refers to a light emitting element capable of producing white light. "White light" refers to light that is perceived as white by a human observer. Particular embodiments of white light include light having a color rendering index (CRI) greater than about 85.

White LEDs with correlated color temperatures of 2700K-30000K and 3000K-30000K respectively are understood to mean phosphor-converted white LEDs with correlated color temperatures of 2700K-30000K and 3000K-30000K. White light emitting diodes are typically phosphor-converted white LEDs. A phosphor-converted white LED consists of one or more photoluminescent materials (phosphor materials) that absorb a portion of the radiation emitted by the LED and re-emit light of a different wavelength (color) longer than the absorbed wavelength. )including. Typically, an LED produces blue light and a phosphor absorbs some of the blue light and re-emits yellow light or a combination of yellow and/or red light. The portion of the blue light emitted by the LED that is not absorbed by the phosphor combines with the light emitted by the phosphor to provide light that appears white to a human observer. The phosphor materials may be inorganic phosphor materials and/or organic phosphor materials (also called organic phosphor colorants or pigments). Currently, there are three concepts for realizing phosphor-converted white LEDs. One concept is to cover or coat a blue-emitting LED chip with a phosphor material. This configuration is also called a "phosphor-on-chip" configuration because the phosphor is applied directly to the surface of the LED chip with no intervening spaces. The phosphor-on-chip configuration requires the phosphor to have very high thermal and photochemical stability. Therefore, the most commonly used phosphors are inorganics, such as inorganic oxides doped with rare earth ions. The most widely used and commercially available white LEDs are based on emitting blue light from InGaN chips coated with cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Ce:YAG) phosphors (in the yellow spectral range ( emission at about 560 nm)). It is obvious that other yellow phosphors such as BOSE phosphor (BaSr) ₂ SiO ₂ :Eu ²⁺ may be used instead of Ce:YAG. To overcome the lack of red emission, blends of yellow inorganic phosphors and orange-red inorganic phosphors (with wavelengths longer than 600 nm), such as nitride phosphors, may be used. According to another concept, the phosphor material is dissolved or dispersed in a polymer matrix at a certain distance from the blue LED chip. This structure is called a "remote phosphor". The remote phosphor material is mounted a sufficient distance from the blue LED light source so that substantially no heat from the light source passes through the remote phosphor material. Accordingly, the remote phosphor material may be organic.

According to a further concept, a white phosphor-converted LED combines a blue-emitting LED chip and an inorganic yellow phosphor, such as a cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, with a color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent compound. wherein the phosphor-on-chip LED and the color converter are spatially separated (remote phosphor placement).

In the context of the present invention, the term "yellow emission" or "yellow light" means light having a wavelength equal to or longer than 520 nm, i.e. at most 1% of the total spectral power distribution is below 520 nm. Point to the light.

In the context of the present invention, the term "yellow light-emitting element" refers to a light-emitting element that emits little blue light of short wavelength, ie light with at most 1% of the total spectral power distribution below 520 nm.

In the context of the present invention, the term "radiant power" is defined as the energy per unit time (dQ/dt) radiated from the light source at all optical wavelengths. The unit of radiant power is W (Watt). Radiant power is sometimes referred to as radiant flux. It is measured by a spectrophotometer using an integrating sphere.

In the context of the present invention, the term "spectral power distribution" (SPD) describes the power (intensity) of each wavelength of light produced by a particular light source, ie the distribution of spectral power versus wavelength.

In the context of the present invention, the term "central wavelength" of a given spectral distribution F(λ) is defined as the mean value of: λ _c =∫λ·F(λ)dλ/∫F(λ) dλ.

In the context of the present invention, the term "fluorescence quantum yield (QY)" is defined as the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed.

Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) is measured in units of Kelvin and typically describes the appearance of the color of white light emitted from an electric light source. CCT is determined according to the CIE international standard. White light with a high CCT has relatively high intensity in the short wavelength region (blue) and relatively low intensity in the long wavelength region (red) compared to white light with a low CCT.

According to the CIE 1931 standard color system, colors are perceived by the human eye according to specific color curves. The standard luminosity curve _Vλ describes the wavelength dependence of the sensitivity of the human eye.

The conversion efficiency from electric power to optical power is called Wall Plug Efficiency (WPE). It is defined as the ratio of total optical output power to input power.

Luminous flux (LF) is a measure of the perceived power of light. Luminous flux is usually measured using an integrating sphere. Light outside the visible band does not contribute.

Luminous efficiency is measured in lumens per watt and is a measure of how efficiently a light source produces light. It is the luminous flux divided by the power.

In the context of the present invention, electromagnetic radiation that includes the visible spectral range is also designated as light.

As used in this specification and claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.

The term "substantially" in the context of the present invention encompasses the words "completely", "totally" and "entirely". The term encompasses percentages of 90% or more, such as 95% or more, especially 99% or 100%.

Here and throughout the specification, the prefixes C _n -C _m used in connection with a compound or molecular moiety indicate the range of possible numbers of carbon atoms that the molecular moiety or compound can have, respectively. .

The term "halogen" denotes in each case fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine.

As used herein, the term "aliphatic group" refers to an acyclic, saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group. Typically, aliphatic groups have 1-100 carbon atoms. Examples of aliphatic groups are alkyls, alkenyls and alkynyls.

As used herein, the term "alicyclic group" refers to a cyclic, non-aromatic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group typically having from 3 to 20 ring carbon atoms. Examples are cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes and cycloalkynes. The cycloaliphatic group may also contain heteroatoms or heteroatom groups selected from N, O, S and _SO2 .

The term “alkyl” as used herein includes 1 to 30 carbon atoms (“C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl”), 1 to 18 carbon atoms (“C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl”), ), 1 to 12 carbon atoms (“C ₁ -C ₁₂ -alkyl”), 1 to 8 carbon atoms (“C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl”), 1 to 6 carbon atoms (“C ₁ - _C.sub.6 -alkyl”), saturated with 1 to 4 carbon atoms (“ _C.sub.1 - _C.sub.4 -alkyl”) or 1 to 2 carbon atoms (“ _C.sub.1 - _C.sub.2 -alkyl”). A straight or branched hydrocarbon group. C ₁ -C ₂ -Alkyl is methyl or ethyl. C ₁ -C ₄ -Alkyl is further n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 1-methylpropyl (sec-butyl), 2-methylpropyl (isobutyl) or 1,1-dimethylethyl (tert-butyl) be. C ₁ -C ₆ -Alkyl is additionally also, for example, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl , 1,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3- dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl. C ₁ -C ₆ -Alkyl is additionally also, for example, n-pentyl or n-hexyl.

The term “haloalkyl” as used herein refers to a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (“C ₁ -C ₆ -haloalkyl”) (as defined above). Alkyl groups in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups have been replaced with halogen atoms as defined above. Examples include chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 1-bromoethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2 -fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoro ethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 1-fluoropropyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 1,1-difluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 1,2-difluoropropyl , 3,3-difluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, heptafluoropropyl, 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-yl, 3-chloropropyl and the like.

The term "cycloalkyl" as used herein generally includes 3 to 8 carbon atoms (" _C3 - _C8 -cycloalkyl") or 3 to 6 carbon atoms (" _C3 - _C6 -Cycloalkyl") refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group. Examples of monocyclic groups having 3-6 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. Examples of monocyclic groups having 3-8 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl. Examples of bicyclic groups having 7 or 8 carbon atoms include bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, bicyclo[ 3.3.0]octyl and bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl. Preferably, the term cycloalkyl represents a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

The term "alkenyl" as used herein has 2 to 30 carbon atoms ("C ₂ -C ₃₀ -alkenyl"), for example 2 to 20 carbon atoms ("C ₂ -C ₂₀ - (“C 3 -C 10 -alkenyl”) or straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (“C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkenyl”) and one double bond at any position, such as ethenyl, 1 -propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl -2-propenyl.

The term "alkynyl" as used herein has 2 to 30 carbon atoms ("C ₂ -C ₃₀ -alkynyl"), for example 2 to 20 carbon atoms ("C ₂ -C ₂₀ - (“C 3 -C 10 -alkynyl”) or straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (“C ₃ -C ₁₀ -alkynyl”) and one triple bond at any position, such as ethynyl, 1- Refers to propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl.

_The term "heterocyclyl" as used herein refers to a monocyclic or _bicyclic saturated or partially unsaturated ring systems which, in addition to carbon atoms as ring members, have 1, 2, 3 or 4 ring members selected from O, N, S, SO and S(O) ₂ ; refers to a ring system containing a heteroatom or heteroatom-containing group.

The term "aryl" as used herein refers to mononuclear, binuclear or trinuclear ( monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic) aromatic hydrocarbyl groups. Examples of aryl include especially phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, especially phenyl or naphthyl.

As used herein, the term "heteroaryl" (hetaryl) has 5 to 14 ring members, some of which may be derived from the aforementioned aryl, and in the aryl base skeleton Refers to a mononuclear, binuclear or trinuclear (monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic) aromatic ring system in which at least one carbon atom is replaced with a heteroatom. Preferred heteroatoms are N, O and S. More preferably, heteroaryl groups have from 5 to 13 ring atoms. More preferably, the heteroaryl group has, in addition to the carbon atoms, 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from O, S and N as ring members.

The term "alkylene" (or alkanediyl), as used herein, refers in each case to an alkyl group, as defined above, in which one hydrogen atom at any position of the carbon backbone is one It shows an alkyl group that has been replaced with two additional attachment sites, thus forming a divalent moiety.

The term “C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl-C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkylene” (also called aralkyl), as used herein, has at least one unsubstituted or Refers to C ₆ -C _{14 -aryl} -substituted alkyl groups with substituted aryl groups. The alkyl group of the aralkyl group may be interrupted with one or more non-adjacent groups selected from O, S and NR ^a , where R ^a is as defined above. C ₆ -C ₁₄ -Aryl-C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkylene is preferably phenyl-C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkylene, more preferably phenyl-C ₁ -C ₄ -alkylene, for example benzyl, 1- Phenethyl, 2-phenethyl, 1-phenprop-1-yl, 2-phenprop-1-yl, 3-phenprop-1-yl, 1-phenbut-1-yl, 2-phenbut-1-yl, 3-phenbut- 1-yl, 4-phenbut-1-yl, 1-phenbut-2-yl, 2-phenbut-2-yl, 3-phenbut-2-yl or 4-phenbut-2-yl, preferably benzyl and 2- It is phenethyl.

light source (i)
In one embodiment of the invention, the light source is a blue LED with an emission central wavelength of 400-480 nm.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the light source is a white LED with a correlated color temperature of 2700-30000K, preferably 3000-30000K. Preferably, the white LED has a correlated color temperature of 3000-20000K. More preferably, the white LED has a correlated color temperature of 3000-12000K. An exemplary white LED is a white LED with a correlated color temperature of 4000-12000K, or a white LED with a correlated color temperature of 4500-12000K. White LEDs are commercially available.

Preferably, the yellow light emitting device of the present invention comprises multiple LEDs, all of which are blue LEDs. Also preferably, the yellow light emitting device of the present invention comprises a plurality of LEDs, all of which are white LEDs. Also preferably, the yellow light emitting device of the present invention comprises a plurality of LEDs, some of which are blue LEDs and some of which are white LEDs.

color converter (ii)
A color converter is arranged to absorb at least part of the first radiation from the light source and to convert a first wavelength of said first radiation to a second wavelength of second radiation. , where the second wavelength is longer than the first wavelength. The light emitted by the LED must in any case pass through a color converter.

Polymer Matrix Preferably, the polymer matrix is polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutene, silicone, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, poly(ethylene vinyl alcohol) copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene acrylonitrile, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyester, polyvinyl butyrate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polyimide, polyetherimide or their It contains a polymer selected from the mixture.

Preferably, the polymer matrix is substantially polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutene, silicone, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, poly(ethylene vinyl alcohol) copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene acrylonitrile, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyester, polyvinyl butyrate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polyimide, polyetherimide or consisting of mixtures thereof.

The term "silicone" is also known as the term "(poly)siloxane".

In one embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the polymer matrix consists of or comprises a transparent polymer. In another embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the polymer matrix comprises or consists of an opaque polymer.

In particular, the polymer matrix material consists essentially or completely of polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene furanoate.

Polystyrene is understood here to mean all homopolymers or copolymers which result, inter alia, from the polymerization of styrene and/or derivatives of styrene. Derivatives of styrene are, for example, alkylstyrenes such as α-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, para-butylstyrene, especially para-tert-butylstyrene, alkoxystyrenes such as para-methoxystyrene, para- -butoxystyrene, para-tert-butoxystyrene. In general, suitable polystyrenes have an average molecular weight Mn of 10000 to 1000000 g/mol (determined by GPC), preferably 20000 to 750000 g/mol, more preferably 30000 to 500000 g/mol.

In a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the matrix of the color converter consists substantially or completely of homopolymers of styrene or styrene derivatives. More specifically, the polymer matrix material consists entirely of polystyrene.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention of the first aspect of the invention, the polymer matrix material consists substantially or completely of a styrene copolymer, which in the context of the present application is regarded similarly to polystyrene. Styrene copolymers may contain as further components, for example, butadiene, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, vinylcarbazole, or esters of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or itaconic acid as monomers. Suitable styrene copolymers generally contain at least 20 wt%, preferably at least 40 wt%, more preferably at least 60 wt% styrene. In another embodiment they contain at least 90% by weight styrene.

Preferred styrene copolymers are styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), styrene-1,1′-diphenylethene copolymer, acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (ASA), methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile - butadiene-styrene copolymer (MABS). A further preferred polymer is α-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (AMSAN). Styrene homopolymers or copolymers can be produced, for example, by free-radical, cationic, anionic polymerization or under the influence of organometallic catalysts (eg, Ziegler-Natta catalysis). This can lead to isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic polystyrenes or copolymers. They are preferably produced by free-radical polymerization. Polymerization can be carried out as suspension, emulsion, solution or bulk polymerization. The preparation of suitable polystyrenes is described, for example, in Oscar Nuyken, Polystyrenes and Other Aromatic Polyvinyl Compounds, in Kricheldorf, Nuyken, Swift, New York 2005, p.73-150 and references cited therein; Weinheim 2007, p.269-275.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention of the first aspect of the invention, the polymer matrix material consists entirely of polyethylene terephthalate. Polyethylene terephthalate is obtained by condensation of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention of the first aspect of the invention, the polymer matrix material consists essentially or completely of polycarbonate. More preferably, the polymer matrix material consists entirely of polycarbonate. Polycarbonates are polyesters of carbonic acid and aromatic or aliphatic dihydroxyl compounds. Preferred dihydroxyl compounds are for example methylene diphenylene dihydroxyl compounds such as bisphenol A. One means of producing polycarbonates is the reaction of a suitable dihydroxyl compound with phosgene in an interfacial polymerization. Another means is reaction with diesters of carbonic acid such as diphenyl carbonate in a condensation polymerization. The preparation of suitable polycarbonates is described, for example, in Elias, Macromolecules, Weinheim 2007, p.343-347.

Also more specifically, the polymeric matrix material consists essentially or entirely of 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester. The 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester comprises (i) at least one diol selected from the group consisting of aliphatic C ₂ -C ₂₀ -diols and cycloaliphatic C ₃ -C ₂₀ -diols, and (ii) 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or ester-forming derivatives thereof and (iii) optionally 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalic acid and/or their ester-forming derivatives.

Suitable aliphatic C ₂ -C ₂₀ -diols are preferably linear or branched C ₂ -C ₁₅ -alkanediols, in particular linear or branched C ₂ -C ₁₀ -alkanediols, for example ethane- 1,2-diol (ethylene glycol), propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol (propylene glycol), butane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol (butylene glycol), 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentane-1,5-diol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (neopentyl glycol), hexane-1,6-diol, heptane-1,7 -diol, octane-1,8-diol, nonane-1,9-diol, decane-1,10-diol, and the like. Suitable cycloaliphatic C ₃ -C ₂₀ -diols are preferably C ₃ -C ₁₀ -cycloalkylenediols, such as 1,2-cyclopentanediol, 1,3-cyclopentanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanediol , 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,2-cycloheptanediol or 1,4-cycloheptanediol. Other suitable cycloaliphatic C ₃ -C ₂₀ -diols include 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutane diols, or combinations thereof. Particularly preferred diols are C ₂ -C ₆ -alkanediols, especially ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,3-diol, butane-1 ,4-diol, pentane-1,5-diol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol and mixtures thereof. More particularly preferred are ethane-1,2-diol and propane-1,3-diol, especially ethane-1,2-diol.

Further particular preference is given to biologically derived (“bio-derived”) C ₂ -C ₁₀ -alkanediols, especially C ₂ -C ₆ -alkanediols, such as ethane-1,2-diol and propane- 1,3-diol. Biological ethane-1,2-diol can be obtained from lignocellulosic biomass sources by conversion of carbohydrates contained therein. Methods for producing C ₂ -C ₁₀ -alkanediols from biomass are known in the art, for example from US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0306804.

Preferably, diol component (i) consists exclusively of one diol mentioned as preferred, in particular ethane-1,2-diol. Diol component (i) can also contain two, three, four or more different diols. If 2, 3 or 4 or more different diols are used, those listed above as being preferred are preferred. In this case, ethane-1,2-diol is preferably the major component, based on the total weight of component (i).

Ester-forming derivatives of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid are in particular C ₁ -C ₁₀ -dialkyl esters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid. Particularly preferred diesters are the C ₁ -C ₆ -dialkyl esters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, especially the dimethyl and diethyl esters. Component (ii) may also contain two, three or four or more different diesters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid. 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid can be produced from bio-derived sugars. A route for the preparation of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid using air oxidation of 2,5-disubstituted furans such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural with a catalyst containing Co, Mn and/or Ce is disclosed in WO 2010. /132740, WO2011/043660, WO2011/043661, US2011/0282020, US2014/0336349 and WO2015/137804 recently reported in No. Routes for preparing dialkyl esters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid are also described, for example, in WO2011/043661.

Preferably, the polymer comprises (i) one diol selected from the group consisting of aliphatic C ₂ -C ₂₀ -diols and cycloaliphatic C ₃ -C ₂₀ -diols; It consists only of a carboxylic acid or a diester of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid.

Preferably, the 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyester is poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(ethylene-co-propylene-2,5 -furandicarboxylate), poly(butylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(pentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(neopentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) and mixtures thereof selected from the group. In particular, polymeric matrix materials for use in the color converter according to the invention are poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(trimethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) and poly(butylene-2, 5-furandicarboxylate), or consist essentially of them. In particular, the polymer matrix material for use in the color converter according to the invention consists of poly(ethylene-2,5-furan-dicarboxylate). In a further particular embodiment, the polymer matrix material of the color converter is a mixture (blend) of different 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyesters as defined above, for example poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate ) with poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). Poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is also called poly(trimethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) and poly(butylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is poly(tetramethylene 2,5 -furandicarboxylate), and poly(pentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is also called poly(pentamethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate).

Similarly, at least one diol component (i) as defined above, component (ii) as defined above, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4- obtained by reacting with at least one further diacid or diester component (iii) selected from the group consisting of furandicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalic acid and/or ester-forming derivatives thereof 2,5-Furandicarboxylate polyesters are suitable. Ester-forming derivatives of 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalic acid are in particular C ₁ -C ₁₀ -dialkyl esters. . Particularly preferred esters are C ₁ -C ₆ -dialkyl esters, especially dimethyl and diethyl esters. When a combination of components (ii) and (iii) is used, component (ii) is the major component relative to the total weight of components (ii) and (iii). Examples are poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate) , poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-terephthalate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-2,6-naphthalate) or poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate -co-3,4-furandicarboxylate), preferably poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-terephthalate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-co-2,6-naphthalate ) or poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-3,4-furandicarboxylate).

The 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester (A) can be prepared as described in US Pat. No. 2,551,731.

In particular, the polymer matrix consists entirely of polyethylene furanoate.

Organic fluorescent dyes containing at least one structural unit of formula (I) Organic fluorescent dyes (compounds) containing structural units of formula I completely or partially absorb light emitted from a light source and emit it over a longer period of time. Re-emits in the form of wavelengths. Organic fluorescent dyes containing structural units of formula I are known from WO2012/168395. Organic fluorescent dyes containing the structural unit of formula I usually absorb light in the wavelength range of 400-500 nm originating from blue LEDs with emission center wavelengths of 400-480 nm or white LEDs with correlated color temperatures of 2700 K-30000 K. . Advantageously, they have a broad emission spectrum from 520-590 nm.

Preferred organic fluorescent dyes containing at least one structural unit of formula (I) are those in which X1 is a single bond. For use in the color converter of the present invention, the dye having the structural unit of formula (I) is preferably and page 33, line 3 to page 37, line 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the organic fluorescent dye having the structural unit of formula (I), (X1-R) is phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, benzopyrenyl, fluorenyl, indanyl, indenyl, tetralinyl, phenoxy each of which may be mono- or polysubstituted with identical or different radicals selected independently of one another from C ₁ -C ₁₂ -alkyl, C ₁ -C ₁₂ -alkoxy and cyano. n1 is preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

およびそれらの混合物
［式中、ｎ１は、０、１、２、３、４、５、６、７、８、９または１０からの数であり、
Ｒ^１１は、独立して、水素、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであって、その炭素鎖が１つもしくは複数の－Ｏ－、－Ｓ－、－ＣＯ－、－ＳＯ－および／または－ＳＯ_２－部分を含んでいてもよく、かつ一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキル、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリールである］から選択される。 More preferably, the organic fluorescent dye having the structural unit of formula (I) is represented by formulas (I-2), (I-3), (I-4), (I-5), (I-6), ( I-7), (I-8), (I-9), (I-10), (I-11), (I-12), (I-13), (I-14), (I- 15), (I-16), (I-17), (I-18), (I-19), (I-20), (I-21), (I-22), (I-23) , (I-24), (I-25), (I-26), (I-27), (I-28), (I-29), (I-30), (I-31), ( I-32), (I-33), (I-34), (I-35), (I-36), (I-37), (I-38), (I-39), (I- 40), (I-41), (I-42), (I-43), (I-44), (I-45), (I-46), (I-47), (I-48) , (I-49), (I-50), (I-51), (I-52), (I-53), (I-54), (I-55), or mixtures thereof

and mixtures thereof, wherein n1 is a number from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10;
R ¹¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of -O-, -S-, -CO-, -SO- and/or or with C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain a —SO ₂ — moiety and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is selected from].

Especially preferred are compounds of formulas (I-5), (I-6), (I-7) and (I-8) and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred are compounds of formulas (I-5) and (I-7), especially compounds of formula (I-5):

Organic fluorescent dyes having the structural unit of Formula I re-emit light at longer wavelengths than blue LEDs, thus improving luminous efficiency and wall-plug efficiency compared to conventional yellow light emitting devices. Converting light with wavelengths shorter than 520 nm to light with longer wavelengths leads to improved luminous efficiency and wall plug efficiency compared to conventional yellow lighting elements that simply cut wavelengths below 520 nm.

［式中、
Ｒ^２１、Ｒ^２２は、それぞれ独立して、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキル、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_８－シクロアルキル、Ｃ_６～Ｃ_１４－アリール、ヘタリールまたはＣ_６～Ｃ_１４－アリール－Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキレンであって、直前の３つの基における（ヘテロ）芳香族環は、非置換であるか、またはＣ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキルで一置換もしくは多置換されている］のペリレン－３，４，９，１０－テトラカルボン酸ジイミド化合物；
（ｂ）式（ＩＩＩ）

［式中、
ｑは１～４であり、
Ｒ^３０は、非置換であるか、またはハロゲン、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキルもしくはＣ_６～Ｃ_１０－アリールで一置換もしくは多置換されているアリールオキシであり、ここで、Ｒ^３０基は、^＊で示される位置の１つまたは複数にあり、
Ｒ^３１、Ｒ^３２は、それぞれ独立して、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキル、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_８－シクロアルキル、Ｃ_６～Ｃ_１４－アリール、ヘタリールまたはＣ_６～Ｃ_１４－アリール－Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキレンであり、ここで、直前の３つの基における（ヘテロ）芳香族環は、非置換であるか、またはＣ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキルで一置換もしくは多置換されている］のアリールオキシ置換ペリレン－３，４，９，１０－テトラカルボン酸ジイミド化合物；
およびその混合物；
ｃ）式（ＩＶ）

［式中、
Ｒ^４３またはＲ^４４のうちの一方の基が、互いに独立してシアノであり、他方の基Ｒ^４３またはＲ^４４が、シアノ、フェニル、４－シアノフェニル、およびＣ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキルからなる群から選択される１、２もしくは３個の置換基を有するフェニルからなる群から選択され、
Ｒ^４７、Ｒ^４８、Ｒ^４９およびＲ^４１０は、互いに独立して、水素、シアノ、フェニル、４－シアノフェニル、またはＣ_１～Ｃ_１０－アルキルからなる群から選択される１、２もしくは３個の置換基を有するフェニルである］のコアシアネート化ナフトイルベンゾイミダゾール化合物；
およびその混合物；
ならびに
（ｄ）式（Ｖ）

［式中、
Ｒ^５１およびＲ^５２は、互いに独立して、水素、それぞれの場合において非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキル、ポリアルキレンオキシ、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルコキシ、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキルチオ、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルキル、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルキルオキシ、Ｃ_６～Ｃ_２４－アリールおよびＣ_６～Ｃ_２４－アリールオキシからなる群から選択され、
Ｒ^５３、Ｒ^５４、Ｒ^５５、Ｒ^５６、Ｒ^５７、Ｒ^５８、Ｒ^５９、Ｒ^５１０、Ｒ^５１１、Ｒ^５１２、Ｒ^５１３、Ｒ^５１４、Ｒ^５１５、Ｒ^５１６、Ｒ^５１７およびＲ^５１８は、互いに独立して、水素、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシル、メルカプト、ニトロ、－ＮＥ^５１Ｅ^５２、－ＮＲ^Ａｒ５１ＣＯＲ^Ａ５２、－ＣＯＮＲ^Ａｒ５１Ｒ^Ａｒ５２、－ＳＯ_２ＮＲ^Ａ５１Ｒ^Ａ５２、－ＣＯＯＲ^Ａｒ５１、－ＳＯ_３Ｒ^Ａｒ５２、それぞれの場合において非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキル、ポリアルキレンオキシ、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルコキシ、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_３０－アルキルチオ、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルキル、Ｃ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルコキシ、Ｃ_６～Ｃ_２４－アリール、Ｃ_６～Ｃ_２４－アリールオキシおよびＣ_６～Ｃ_２４－アリールチオからなる群から選択され、
ここで、Ｒ^５３とＲ^５４、Ｒ^５４とＲ^５５、Ｒ^５５とＲ^５６、Ｒ^５６とＲ^５７、Ｒ^５７とＲ^５８、Ｒ^５８とＲ^５９、Ｒ^５９とＲ^５１０、Ｒ^５１１とＲ^５１２、Ｒ^５１２とＲ^５１３、Ｒ^５１３とＲ^５１４、Ｒ^５５とＲ^５１５、Ｒ^５１５とＲ^５１６、Ｒ^５１６とＲ^５１７および／またはＲ^５１７とＲ^５１８は、それらが結合しているビフェニル部分の炭素原子と一緒になって、さらに縮合した芳香族もしくは非芳香族の環系を形成してもよく、ここで、縮合した環系は、非置換もしくは置換されており、
ここで、
Ｅ^５１およびＥ^５２は、互いに独立して、水素、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキル、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_２～Ｃ_１８－アルケニル、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_２～Ｃ_１８－アルキニル、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルキル、または非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_６～Ｃ_１０－アリールであり、
Ｒ^Ａｒ５１およびＲ^Ａｒ５２は、それぞれ互いに独立して、水素、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキル、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_３～Ｃ_２０－シクロアルキル、非置換もしくは置換されたヘテロシクリル、非置換もしくは置換されたＣ_６～Ｃ_２０－アリール、または非置換もしくは置換されたヘテロアリールである］の剛直な２，２’－ビフェノキシ架橋を有するペリレン－３，４，９，１０－テトラカルボン酸ジイミド化合物；
およびその混合物；
ならびにそれらの混合物。 Organic fluorescent dye (A)
In a further embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the color converter preferably comprises at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) selected from the group consisting of and mixtures thereof:
a) Formula (II)

[In the formula,
R ²¹ , R ²² are each independently C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl, hetaryl or C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl-C ₁ - C ₁₀ -alkylene and the (hetero)aromatic rings in the three preceding groups are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl]. , 4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
(b) Formula (III)

[In the formula,
q is 1 to 4;
R ³⁰ is aryloxy which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by halogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl or C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, wherein the R ³⁰ group is at one or more of the positions indicated by ^* ;
R ³¹ , R ³² are each independently C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl, hetaryl or C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl-C ₁ - C ₁₀ -alkylene, wherein the (hetero)aromatic ring in the preceding three groups is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl]. Oxy-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
and mixtures thereof;
c) Formula (IV)

[In the formula,
One group of R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ independently of one another is cyano and the other group R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ consists of cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl and C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl phenyl having 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group;
R ⁴⁷ , R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ and R ⁴¹⁰ are each independently 1, 2 or 3 selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl or C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl A core cyanated naphthoylbenzimidazole compound of which is phenyl having a substituent of
and mixtures thereof;
and (d) formula (V)

[In the formula,
R ⁵¹ and R ⁵² are independently of each other hydrogen, in each case unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, polyalkyleneoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ - selected from the group consisting of alkylthio, _C3 - _C20 -cycloalkyl, _C3 - _C20 -cycloalkyloxy, _C6 - _C24 -aryl and _C6 - _C24 -aryloxy;
^R53 , ^R54 , ^R55 , R56, ^R57 , ^R58 , ^R59 , ^R510 , ^R511 , ^{R512 , R513 , R514} , ^R515 , ^R516 , ^R517 and ^R518 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, nitro, -NE ⁵¹ E ⁵² , -NR ^Ar51 COR ^A52 , -CONR ^Ar51 R ^Ar52 , -SO ₂ NR ^A51 R ^A52 , -COOR ^Ar51 , -SO ₃ R ^Ar52 , in each case unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, polyalkyleneoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkylthio, C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, C selected from the group consisting of ₃ - _C20 -cycloalkoxy, _C6 - _C24 -aryl, _C6 - _C24 -aryloxy and _C6 - _C24 -arylthio;
Here, ^R53 and ^R54 , ^R54 and ^R55 , R55 and ^R56 , ^R56 and ^R57 , ^R57 and ^{R58 , R58} and ^R59 , ^R59 and ^R510 , ^R511 and ^R512 , R ⁵¹² and R ⁵¹³ , R ⁵¹³ and R ⁵¹⁴ , R ⁵⁵ and R ⁵¹⁵ , R ⁵¹⁵ and R ⁵¹⁶ , R ⁵¹⁶ and R ⁵¹⁷ and/or R ⁵¹⁷ and R ⁵¹⁸ are carbon atoms of the biphenyl moiety to which they are attached. The atoms may be taken together to form a further fused aromatic or non-aromatic ring system, wherein the fused ring system is unsubstituted or substituted,
here,
E ⁵¹ and E ⁵² are independently of each other hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₂ -C ₁₈ -alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₂ -C ₁₈ -alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, or unsubstituted or substituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl,
R ^Ar51 and R ^Ar52 are each independently of each other hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl] perylene-3,4,9,10- with a rigid 2,2′-biphenoxy bridge Tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
and mixtures thereof;
as well as mixtures thereof.

At least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) is capable of absorbing light emitted from a light source and/or absorbing light emitted from organic fluorescent dyes having structural units of formula I. can. The at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) preferably emits in the wavelength range of 520-750 nm, more preferably 520-700 nm, even more preferably 520-630 nm. These values refer to the wavelength with the maximum emission coefficient in the emission spectrum.

Compounds of Formula II Compounds of Formula II are well known in the art, for example from US Pat. No. 4,379,934 or US Pat. No. 4,446,324. They can be prepared by conventional processes such as the condensation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid or its dianhydride with an amine.

Preferably, in compounds of formula II, R ²¹ and R ²² are linear C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkyl, branched C ₃ -C ₁₈ alkyl, C ₄ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, C ₁ -C ₁₀ phenyl or naphthyl optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted with alkyl; Preferably R ²¹ and R ²² have the same meaning. In one embodiment, R ²¹ and R ²² in Formula II are so-called swallow tails, as described in WO 2009/037283, page 16, line 19 to page 25, line 8. Represents a compound with substitutions. In preferred embodiments, R ²¹ and R ²² are independently of each other 1-alkylalkyl, such as 1-ethylpropyl, 1-propylbutyl, 1-butylpentyl, 1-pentylhexyl or 1-hexylheptyl . More preferably, R ²¹ and R ²² are C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, phenyl or naphthyl and the aromatic rings of the two immediately preceding groups are unsubstituted or have 1, 2 or 3 are substituted with C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl groups of . Even more preferably, R ²¹ and R ²² in formula II are 2,4-di(tert-butyl)phenyl, 2,4-di(isopropyl)phenyl, 2,6-di(tert-butyl)phenyl, 2 ,6-di(isopropyl)phenyl, especially 2,6-diisopropylphenyl.

A preferred compound of formula II is N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (CAS number: 82953-57-9).

Compounds of Formula III Aryloxy-substituted perylene imide compounds of Formula III are known in the art. Suitable examples of compounds of formula III include, for example, WO 2007/006717, especially page 1, line 5 to page 22, line 6; US Pat. No. 4,845,223. , in particular column 2, line 54 to column 6, line 54; WO 2014/122549, in particular page 3, line 20 to page 9, line 11; 3072887 and WO 2018/065502, in particular page 36, line 13 to page 38, line 16; WO 2018/134263, in particular page 22, line 12 to There are perylene derivatives described on page 24, line 3. Compounds of Formula III are typically red fluorescent dyes. Preferably, R ³¹ and R ³² are each independently C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, 2,6-di(C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl)phenyl and 2,4-di(C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl)phenyl compounds of formula III. More preferably, R ³¹ and R ³² are the same. Particularly preferably, R ³¹ and R ³² are each 2,6-diisopropylphenyl or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl. R ³⁰ is preferably unsubstituted phenoxy or phenoxy substituted with 1 or 2 identical or different substituents selected from fluorine, chlorine, C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl or phenyl. Preferably q is 2, 3 or 4, especially 2 or 4.

Compounds of Formula III can be prepared analogously to methods described, for example, in WO2007/006717, US Pat. No. 4,845,223, and WO2014/122549. can.

Suitable organic fluorescent dyes of formula III are, for example, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6-di(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10- Tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,7-di(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N' -bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6-di(p-tert-octylphenoxy)perylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropyl phenyl)-1,7-di(p-tert-octylphenoxy)perylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6-di phenoxyperylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,7-diphenoxyperylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6-di(2,6-diphenylphenoxy)perylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2 ,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,7-di(2,6-diphenylphenoxy)perylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1 ,7-di(2,3-difluorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra Phenoxyperylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2-phenylphenoxy)perylene-3,4 : 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2-isopropylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetra Carboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2-phenylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N '-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2,4-diphenylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis( 2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(3-fluorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl )-1,6,7,12-tetra(3-chlorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6, 7,12-tetra(2,3-difluorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12- Tetra(2,5-difluorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2, 6-difluorophenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2,3-dichlorophenoxy ) Perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylicimide, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2,6-dichlorophenoxy)perylene- 3,4: 9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N′-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)perylene-3,4: 9,10-tetracarboximide.

In particular, the compound of formula III is selected from compounds III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5 or III-6 and mixtures thereof:

Particularly preferred is the compound of formula III-4: N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetraphenoxyperylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxy is an imide.

である。 Compounds of Formula IV Core-cyanated naphthoylbenzimidazole compounds of formula IV are known from WO 2015/019270. Examples of compounds of formula IV are the compounds

is.

Particularly suitable compounds of formula IV are those in which one of R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ is cyano and the other group R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ consists of phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl and C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl A compound that is phenyl with 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group. Similarly, particularly suitable compounds of formula IV are those in which two of the groups R ⁴⁷ , R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ and R ⁴¹⁰ are phenyl and the other two groups R ⁴⁷ , R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ and R ⁴¹⁰ are It is a compound that is hydrogen. Among these, more preferred are compounds IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4 and mixtures thereof, especially compound IV-1. Likewise more preferred are compounds IV-13, IV-14, IV-15, IV-16 and mixtures thereof, especially compound IV-13.

の化合物である。 Compounds of Formula V Compounds of Formula V are the subject of WO2017/121833. R ⁵¹ and R ⁵² are independently selected from the group consisting of phenyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, and R ⁵³ , the formula wherein ^R54 , ^R55 , ^R56 , ^R57 , ^R58 , ^R59 , ^R510 , R511, ^R512 , ^R513 , ^R514 , ^{R515 , R516 , R517} and ^R518 are each hydrogen Compounds of V are preferred. Compounds of formula V as defined above are preferably compounds of formula V. 1

is a compound of

Preferably, the color converter comprises at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A), in particular a fluorescent dye emitting at a wavelength of 520-630 nm, in order to improve the luminous efficiency and/or wallplug efficiency of the yellow light-emitting device. Contains a dye to reduce emission below 520 nm.

Preferably, at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) is selected from compounds of formula II, compounds of formula III and mixtures thereof.

Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter comprises, in addition to at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula I, at least one Contains compounds.

According to this preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is more preferably a compound of formula I-5 and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3, 4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (compound of Formula III).

According to another preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is a compound of formula I-7 and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,4,9 , 10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (compound of Formula III).

According to another preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is a compound of formula I-5, a compound of formula I-7 and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropyl phenyl)-3,4,9,10-perinetetracarboxylic acid diimide (compound of Formula II).

According to a further preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter comprises, besides at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula I, at least one At least one organic fluorescent dye comprising a compound and at least one compound of formula III.

According to this preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is more preferably a compound of formula I-5 and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3, 4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide and formula III selected from the group consisting of compounds III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, III-6 and mixtures thereof and in particular compounds of Formula III-4.

According to this preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is more preferably a compound of formula I-7 and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3, 4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide and formula III selected from the group consisting of compounds III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, III-6 and mixtures thereof and in particular compounds of Formula III-4.

According to this preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the color converter is more preferably a compound of formula I-5, a compound of formula I-7 and N,N'-bis(2, 6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide and compounds III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, III-6 and mixtures thereof compounds of formula III, particularly compounds of formula III-4, selected from the group consisting of:

In a particular embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the at least one further organic fluorescent dye selected from compounds of Formula II, Formula III, Formula IV, Formula IV and Formula V as defined above is Embedded in a polymer matrix.

If the color converter comprises more than one fluorochrome, it is possible in one embodiment of the invention that the fluorochromes are present alongside each other in one layer. In another embodiment, the color converter generally has a multilayer structure composed of multiple polymer layers containing one or more fluorescent dyes.

Other Additives According to a further preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the color converter comprises a scattering agent (scatterer).

Suitable light scattering agents are inorganic white pigments such as titanium dioxide, barium sulphate, lithopone, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, calcium carbonate with an average particle size according to DIN 13320 of 0.01 to 10 μm, preferably 0 .1-1 μm, more preferably 0.15-0.4 μm. These scattering agents are typically 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, in each case based on the polymer of the layer containing the scatterers. It is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4% by weight.

Examples of suitable light scattering organic agents include poly(acrylates); poly(alkyl methacrylates) such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA); poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE); silicone-based scattering agents such as Included are hydrolyzed poly(alkyltriacoxysilanes), modified silicon dioxide beads such as poly(alkylsilsesquioxanes), particularly poly(methylsilsesquioxanes), and mixtures thereof. Generally, the size (average diameter-weight average) of these light scattering agents is in the range of 0.5-50 μm, preferably 1-10 μm. These scattering agents are typically included in amounts of 1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer. A useful scattering agent is, for example, a mixture of 3-5% by weight of a PMMA-based scattering agent and 1.5-2% by weight of a silicone-based scattering agent.

Also suitable are light-scattering compositions containing vinyl acrylate-based polymer particles having a core/shell morphology in combination with TiO ₂ , as described in EP-A-634445.

Preferably, the at least one scattering agent is a poly(methyl methacrylate)-based scattering agent, a silicone-based scattering agent or _TiO2 . Also preferably, the scattering agent is poly(methylsilsesquioxane).

Furthermore, the color converter may comprise an inorganic luminescent material or multiple inorganic luminescent materials. Inorganic light-emitting materials are preferably selected from quantum dots, garnets, silicates, sulfides, nitrides and oxynitrides. Suitable examples of garnets, silicates, sulfides, nitrides and oxynitrides are summarized in Table I below:

Suitable quantum dots are nanocrystals of semiconductor material with a diameter of about 20 nm or less. Quantum dots can include one of Si-based nanocrystals, II-VI compound semiconductor nanocrystals, III-V compound semiconductor nanocrystals, IV-VI compound nanocrystals and mixtures thereof. II-VI compound semiconductor nanocrystals include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HggZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and HgZnSTe. III-V compound semiconductor nanocrystals include GaN, GaP, GaAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, InN, InP, InAs, GaNP, GaNAs, GaPAs, AlNP, AlNAs, AlPAs, InNP, InNAs, InPAs, GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, It may contain one selected from the group consisting of GaAlPAs, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInPAs, InAlNP, InAlNAs and InAlPAs. The IV-VI compound semiconductor nanocrystals may be SnTe.

To synthesize nanocrystals in the form of quantum dots, wet chemical processes in which quantum dots are grown by vapor deposition, such as organometallic chemical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy, or by adding one or more precursors to an organic solvent to grow the crystals. may be manufactured by

When the color converter contains an inorganic luminescent material, the inorganic luminescent material is the component with the smaller amount based on the total amount of the inorganic luminescent material and the organic fluorescent dye.

Preferably, the color converter does not contain any inorganic luminescent material. Suitable matrix materials may contain additives such as flame retardants, antioxidants, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, radical scavengers, antistatic agents, etc. as further constituents. Such stabilizers are known to those skilled in the art.

Suitable antioxidants or radical scavengers are, for example, phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols such as butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), or sterically hindered amines (HALS). Stabilizers of this kind are sold, for example, by the company BASF under the trade name Irganox®. Optionally, antioxidants and radical scavengers can be supplemented by secondary stabilizers such as phosphites or phosphonites, for example, as sold by BASF under the trade name Irgafos®.

Suitable UV absorbers are, for example, benzotriazoles such as 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (BTZ), triazines such as (2-hydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine (HPT), hydroxy Benzophenone (BP) or oxalanilide. This type of UV absorber is sold, for example, by BASF under the trade name Uvinul (registered trademark).

Preferably, the polymer matrix does not contain any antioxidants or radical scavengers.

In one embodiment, a suitable matrix material is mechanically reinforced with glass fibers.

The color converter may optionally contain further components such as a backing layer.

The backing layer serves to impart mechanical stability to the color converter. The type of material for the backing layer is not critical so long as it is transparent and has the desired mechanical strength. Suitable materials for the backing layer are, for example, glass or transparent rigid organic polymers such as polycarbonate, polystyrene or polymethacrylate or polymethylmethacrylate.

The backing layer generally has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.3 mm to 2 mm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the color converter has at least one barrier layer against oxygen and/or water, as disclosed in WO2012/152812. Examples of suitable barrier materials for the barrier _layer are, for example, glass, quartz, metal oxides, _SiO2 , multilayer systems consisting of alternating layers of _Al2O3 and _SiO2 layers, titanium nitride, _SiO2. / Metal oxide multilayer material, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polystyrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl butyrate (PBT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides, polyoxymethylene, polyimides, polyetherimides, epoxy resins, polymers derived from ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polymers derived from ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH).

Preferred materials for the barrier layer are glass or multilayer systems consisting of alternating layers of Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ layers.

Suitable barrier layers preferably have a low permeability to oxygen.

More preferably, suitable barrier layers have low permeability to oxygen and water.

The concentration of the at least one organic fluorescent dye having structural units of the formula I defined above is set as a function of the thickness of the polymer layer of the color converter, the type of polymer and the light source selected. When a thin polymer layer is used, the concentration of the organic fluorescent dye having structural units of formula I and, if present, the concentration of at least one further organic fluorescent dye, is generally lower than that of the thick polymer layer. higher than for When a blue LED is used as the light source, the concentration of the organic fluorescent dye having the structural unit of formula I and the concentration of the at least one further organic fluorescent dye, if present, is the same as the white LED used as the light source. higher than if In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the color converter is 0.001 to 10 millimeters, preferably 0.001 to 5 millimeters, more preferably 0.01 to 3 millimeters.

In another embodiment, the thickness of the color converter is 0.2-5 millimeters, preferably 0.3-3 millimeters, more preferably 0.4-2 millimeters.

In another embodiment, the thickness of the color converter is between 25 and 1000 micrometers (μm), preferably between 35 and 400 micrometers, especially between 50 and 300 micrometers.

In a most preferred embodiment, the thickness of the color converter is 50-2000 μm, preferably 200-1500 μm, more preferably 700-1200 μm.

In order to achieve a yellow illumination in which at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power of the light-emitting element is emitted in a wavelength range shorter than 520 nm, at least one organic The product of the weight percent of the fluorescent dye and the thickness of the color converter is the formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the polymer matrix based on the total weight of the polymer, and d is the color converter thickness (μm)] must be satisfied.

Accordingly, the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) is typically 0.01 to 2 parts by weight per 100 parts of polymer matrix material. Preferably, the weight percentage of the at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) is typically 0.01 to 0.3 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polymer matrix material.

Preferably, the color converter comprises at least one further organic fluorescent dye of formula (B)
5 [% × μm] ≤ w2 × d ≤ 80 [% × μm] (B)
where w2 is the weight percent based on the combined weight of all additional organic fluorescent dyes (A) and the total weight of the polymer, and d is the thickness of the color converter in μm. Include in a filling amount.

Therefore, the combined weight percent of all additional organic fluorescent dyes (A) is typically 0.002 to 1.6 parts by weight per 100 parts of polymer matrix material. Preferably, the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) is 0.002 to 1.0 parts by weight per 100 parts of polymer matrix material, more preferably polymer matrix material 100 0.002 to 0.5 parts by weight per part, most preferably 0.002 to 0.2 parts by weight per 100 parts of the polymer matrix material.

A yellow light-emitting device according to the invention is characterized by a very low percentage of radiant power contained in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm.

Of the radiation emitted by a blue LED, at least 99% of the radiant power shorter than 520 nm is absorbed and all or most of it is converted to the longer wavelength range, creating yellow light. The radiation emitted by white LEDs includes two wavelength ranges, namely the wavelength range below 520 nm and the wavelength range above 520 nm. Of the radiation in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm, at least 99% is absorbed and all or most of it is converted to the longer wavelength range, producing yellow light.

Color converters can be manufactured by different processes such as extrusion, printing, coating or molding.

In one method, a fluorochrome comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I), optionally at least one further fluorochrome (A) and, if desired, scattering particles (scatterers) and other components are mixed in the polymer by extrusion. It can then be melt processed (extruded) to produce films/plates/injection molded articles of fluorescent material in a polymer matrix.

Alternatively, a polymer, a fluorochrome comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I), optionally at least one further fluorochrome (A) and, if desired, Scattering particles (scatterers) and other components may be dissolved in a suitable solvent. The resulting solution/dispersion is then coated onto a substrate such as glass. After the solvent has dried, the film is peeled off from the substrate.

In another alternative, printing techniques such as inkjet printing or screen printing can be used to manufacture the color converter.

The color converter may be of any desired geometrical arrangement. Color converters may be in the form of films, sheets or plaques, for example. Similarly, the matrix containing the organic fluorescent colorant may be in the form of droplets or in the form of hemispheres, or in the form of lenses with convex and/or concave, flat or spherical surfaces. "Molding" refers to embodiments in which an LED or component containing an LED is completely embedded or surrounded by a polymer containing an organic fluorescent colorant.

If the color converter consists of one layer or they have a laminated structure, in a preferred embodiment the individual layers are continuous and have no holes or interruptions.

The color converters used according to the invention are used in remote phosphor arrangements. In this case the color converter is spatially separated from the LED. Generally, the distance between the LED and the color converter is between 0.1 cm and 50 cm, preferably between 0.2 and 10 cm, most preferably between 0.5 and 3 cm. Between the color converter and the LED there may be different media such as air, noble gases, nitrogen or other gases or mixtures thereof.

The color converter can, for example, be arranged concentrically around the LED or have a planar shape. The color converter can, for example, take the form of a platelet, sheet or film, and can be in the form of droplets or in the form of a film product.

Yellow Light Emitting Device Yellow light emitting devices are characterized in that at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm.

Preferably, at most 0.8% of the total emitted radiant power of the yellow light-emitting element is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm.

Preferably, the yellow light emitting device has a wallplug efficiency from at least 25%.

Preferably, when the light source is a white light emitting diode with a correlated color temperature of 2700K-30000K, the luminous efficiency of yellow light is more than 70%, more preferably more than 75% of the luminous efficiency of the white light emitting diode. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lighting element according to the invention does not contain any filters.

Preferably, the light emitted by the yellow light-emitting element is characterized by having chromaticity coordinates x,y according to the CIE 1931 standard color system with an ellipse according to the following formulas and parameters:
((x−h) cos(A)+(y−k) sin(A)) ² /(a ² )+((x−h) sin(A)−(y−k) cos(A)) ² /( ^b2 )=1
[where h, k and a, b are the x, y deviations and semi-axes, respectively, A is the angle measured from the x axis, h=0.52, k=0.46 , a=0.25, b=0.03, A=−42].

A particular advantage of the yellow light-emitting device according to the present invention is the illumination of workspaces that handle materials sensitive to light with wavelengths shorter than 520 nm, e.g. in clean room environments that allow for safe and reproducible resist processing. The thing is that you can use it for lighting.

A second aspect of the invention therefore relates to the use of a yellow light-emitting device as defined above for illuminating a work space for working with materials sensitive to light in the wavelength range below 520 nm. A yellow lighting device according to the present invention uses blue light emitted from a blue or white LED as a light source, since at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power of a yellow light emitting device is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm. , microelectronics manufacturing plants, in particular for photoresist processing.

［式中、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環の１個以上のＣＨ基は、窒素で置き換えられていてもよく、記号はそれぞれ以下のように定義される：
ｎ１は、式（Ｉ）の各構造単位の０～（１０－ｐ１）の数であり、ここで、ｐ１は、示されるベンゾイミダゾール構造の６員環中の窒素で置き換えられたＣＨ単位の数であり、
Ｘ１は、化学結合、Ｏ、Ｓ、ＳＯ、ＳＯ_２、ＮＲ^１であり、かつ
Ｒは、脂肪族基、環式脂肪族基、アリール、ヘテロアリールであって、これらの各々は置換基を有していてもよく、
芳香族環もしくはヘテロ芳香族環もしくは環系であって、これらの各々は式（Ｉ）の構造単位の他の芳香族環に縮合しており、または
Ｘ１が化学結合でない場合にはＦ、Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ、ＣＮもしくはＨであり、
ここで、
２つのＲ基は結合して１つの環状基を生じてもよく、
Ｘ１およびＲは、ｎ１＞１の場合、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Ｒ^１は、それぞれ独立して、水素、Ｃ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキルであって、その炭素鎖が１つもしくは複数の－Ｏ－、－Ｓ－、－ＣＯ－、－ＳＯ－および／または－ＳＯ_２－部分を含んでいてもよく、かつ一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいＣ_１～Ｃ_１８－アルキルまたはシクロアルキル、一置換もしくは多置換であってもよいアリールまたはヘテロアリールである］の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含み、
ここで、式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素は、光源により放出された光の少なくとも一部を吸収し、５２０～５９０ｎｍの範囲の波長を含む光を放出し、かつ色変換体中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントは、式（Ａ）
２０［％×μｍ］≦ｗ１×ｄ≦１００［％×μｍ］ （Ａ）
［式中、ｗ１は、ポリマーの総重量を基準にしたポリマーマトリクス中の式（Ｉ）の少なくとも１つの構造単位を含む少なくとも１種の有機蛍光色素の重量パーセントであり、ｄは、色変換体の厚さ（μｍ）である］を満たす。 A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for providing yellow light having at most 1% of the total radiant flux in the spectral range below 520 nm, the method comprising:
(i) providing a light source selected from at least one blue light emitting diode having an emission center wavelength between 400 nm and 480 nm, at least one white light emitting diode having a correlated color temperature between 2700 K and 30000 K, or combinations thereof;
(ii) providing at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix;
(iii) positioning a color converter to receive at least a portion of the light emitted from the light source, wherein the at least one organic fluorescent dye has the formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I), where p1 is the number of CH units replaced by nitrogen in the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown and
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I), or F, Cl if X1 is not a chemical bond , Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is] at least one structural unit of
wherein at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) absorbs at least part of the light emitted by the light source and emits light comprising a wavelength in the range of 520-590 nm and the weight percentage of at least one organic fluorescent dye containing at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the color converter is represented by formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in the polymer matrix based on the total weight of the polymer, and d is the color converter thickness (μm)] is satisfied.

For light sources and color converters, reference is made to what has been said above.

Manufacture of color converters
material used
light source:
LED1: White LED (Lextar 5000K tube; tube diameter: 27mm; tube length: 2ft (60.96cm)/4ft (121.92cm)
LED2: Blue LED (Philips Fortimo) with emission at 450 nm
LED3: White LED (Toshiba 4918K)
LED4: White LED (Toshiba 3092K)
LED5: White LED, 4528K
Color converter:
PC: transparent polycarbonate based on a polycondensate of bisphenol A and phosgene (PC110 from Chimei or A2200 from Formosa Idemitsu or Makrolon LED 2245 from Covestro).
Titanium Dioxide: _TiO2 Rutile Pigment: Kronos® 2233 - from Kronos or Kronos® 2230
Polymethylsilsesquioxane: HSP-200, 2 μm, SAU applied materials, Ltd. (Taiwan)

化合物である色素１を含む混合物を更なるカラムクロマトグラフィーに供して、純粋な標題化合物を得た。λ最大発光：５３６ｎｍ（ポリカーボネート中）。 Dye 1: A yellow fluorescent compound, obtained as described in Example 10 of WO2012/168395 and subsequently purified by chromatography, Dye 1:

The mixture containing compound Dye 1 was subjected to further column chromatography to give the pure title compound. λ maximum emission: 536 nm (in polycarbonate).

λ最大発光：５４８および５７８ｎｍ（ポリカーボネート中）。
この化合物は市販されている。 Dye 2: N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide (CAS number: 82953-57-9) with the following Dye 2:

λ maximum emission: 548 and 578 nm (in polycarbonate).
This compound is commercially available.

λ最大発光：６１５ｎｍ（ポリカーボネート中）。 Dye 3: N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,6,7,12-tetraphenoxyperylene-3,4; 9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide from BASF SE (Germany) The following Dye 3, commercially available from ):

λ maximum emission: 615 nm (in polycarbonate).

Manufacturing method of the color converter:
Production of color converter 1:
For the production of color converter 1, polycarbonate (PC110), TiO ₂ (Kronos® 2233) and the pigments listed in Table II were mixed and compounded in a twin-screw compounder into homogeneous pellets and after drying The PC-based dyed pellets were then extruded into tubes using a circular mold. The extruded tube had a thickness of 0.8 mm and an outer diameter of 27 mm.

Preparation of color converters 2 and 3:
For the production of the color converters, Makrolon polycarbonate, pigment and _TiO2 (Kronos 2233) were extruded together according to the desired concentration (see Table III). Amounts of materials are given in weight percent based on the amount of polymeric polycarbonate. Films were produced by extrusion. The film thickness was 222 μm for color converter 2 and 276 μm for color converter 3 .

Preparation of color converters 4 and 5:
For the production of the color converters, PC (A2200), pigment and _TiO2 (Kronos 2230) and polymethysilsesquioxane were extruded together according to the respective desired concentrations (see Table IV). Amounts of materials are given in weight percent based on the amount of polymeric polycarbonate. Films were produced by extrusion. The film thickness was 800 μm for each converter.

Lighting Element Characterization The lighting elements used were:
Lighting element 1 (LD1):
An LED 1 was used as a light source for exciting the color converter 1 . The color converter 1 (extruded tube) was cut to a length of 2 ft (60.96 cm) or 4 ft (121.92 cm), and the LED 1 was inserted into the color converter 1 and fixed. When the LED 1 was turned on, the white light from the LED 1 was absorbed by the color converter 1 and then converted into yellow light containing no blue light.

Lighting element 2 (LD2): fluorescent lamp Osram L18W/62 (for comparison)
Lighting element 3 (LD3): Lasertek Yellow Tube (yellow tube), LED T8 (for comparison)
Lighting element 4 (LD4): Yellow Tube (yellow tube) manufactured by HapoLight, LED T8 (for comparison)

The light emitted from the surface of this device was measured using an integrating sphere U-1000 (D=100 cm, AMA Optics, Taiwan) and a CCD spectrometer LE-5400 (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., Japan). was used for photometric measurement for measuring the total amount of light emitted from the device. The measured radiance spectrum contains all relevant photometric data, e.g. CCT (=correlated color temperature) in Kelvin [K], distance of color point from Planck-curve (BBL), lumen/ It was used to derive the luminous efficiency in Watts, Wall Plug Efficiency (=WPE). Results are shown in Table V.

From Table V, it can be seen that the inventive light source LD1, as well as the comparative light sources LD2, LD3 and LD4, are too far from the blackbody locus to be perceived as white. Furthermore, the light emitting device of the present invention exhibits significantly higher luminous efficiency and wall plug efficiency than the prior art light emitting devices. In particular, the light emitting device of the present invention has a 244% higher luminous efficiency compared to the prior art light emitting device LD2 using a filter.

FIG. 1 shows that LD1 and LD2 emit almost no light in the spectral range below 520 nm.

Table VI below compares the radiant power of inventive LD1 and comparative LD2 in the critical spectral range below 520 nm where wavelengths are not desired.

From Table VI, it can be seen that the light emitting device of the present invention has better rejection of radiant power below 520 nm compared to the prior art light emitting device LD2.

For the measurement of color converters 2 and 3, LED2 was used as backlight. The light emitted from the surface of this element was measured using a photometric tool equipped with an integrating sphere ISP500-100 and a CCD detector CAS140CT-156 (manufactured by Instrument Systems, Munich) to measure the total amount of light emitted from the element. It was used for photometric measurements. The measured radiance spectrum contains all relevant photometric data, e.g. CCT (=correlated color temperature) in Kelvin [K], distance of color point from Planck-curve (BBL), lumen/ It was used to derive the luminous efficiency in Watts, Wall Plug Efficiency (=WPE). Results are shown in Table VII.

Table VI shows that over 99% of the blue light is absorbed by both color converters 2 and 3.

For the measurement of color converter 4, LED3 and LED4 were used as backlights.

Lighting element 5 (LD5):
An LED 3 was used as a light source for exciting the color converter 4 . When the LED 3 was turned on, the white light from the LED 3 was absorbed by the color converter 4 and then converted into yellow light.

Lighting element 6 (LD6):
An LED 4 was used as a light source for exciting the color converter 4 . When the LED 4 was turned on, the white light from the LED 4 was absorbed by the color converter 4 and then converted into yellow light.

Lighting element 7 (LD7):
An LED 5 was used as a light source for exciting the color converter 5 . When the LED 5 was turned on, the white light from the LED 5 was absorbed by the color converter 5 and then converted into yellow light.

The light emitted from the surface of this element was measured using a photometric tool equipped with an integrating sphere ISP500-100 and a CCD detector CAS140CT-156 (manufactured by Instrument Systems, Munich) to measure the total amount of light emitted from the element. It was used for photometric measurements. The measured radiance spectrum contains all relevant photometric data, e.g. CCT (=correlated color temperature) in Kelvin [K], color point distance from Planck-curve (BBL), luminous efficiency and was used to derive the wallplug efficiency. Results are shown in Tables VIII and IX.

Claims (19)

A yellow light-emitting element,
(i) a light source selected from at least one blue light emitting diode having an emission center wavelength of 400 nm to 480 nm, at least one white light emitting diode having a correlated color temperature of 2700 K to 30000 K, or combinations thereof;
(ii) at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix, said at least one organic fluorescent dye having the formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I), where p1 is the number of CH units replaced by the nitrogen in the six-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown above. is a number,
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I) above, or F if X is not a chemical bond, Cl, Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is] at least one structural unit of
wherein said at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) absorbs at least a portion of the light emitted by said light source, including light having a wavelength in the range of 520-590 nm and comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in said color converter is weight percent of said at least one organic fluorescent dye of formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of said at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in said polymer matrix based on the total weight of said polymer, and d is is the thickness (μm) of the color converter],
wherein at most 1% of the total emitted radiant power of said yellow light emitting device is emitted in a wavelength range shorter than 520 nm, and said yellow light emitting device has a luminous efficacy of at least 80 lumens/watt. , yellow light-emitting element. 2. A yellow light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein at most 0.8% of the total emitted radiant power of said yellow light-emitting device is emitted in the wavelength range shorter than 520 nm. 3. The yellow light emitting device of claim 1 or 2, having a wallplug efficiency of at least 25%. 4. Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light source is a white light emitting diode with a correlated color temperature of 2700K to 30000K, and the luminous efficiency of the yellow light is more than 70% of the luminous efficiency of the white light emitting diode. The yellow light-emitting device described. The spectrum of light emitted by the yellow light-emitting element is represented by the following equation and parameters ((x−h)cos(A)+(y−k)sin(A)) ² /(a ² )+((x−h ) sin(A)−(y−k)cos(A)) ² /(b ² )=1
[where h, k and a, b are the x and y deviations and semiaxes respectively, A is the angle measured from the x axis, h = 0.52, k = 0.46 , a = 0.25, b = 0.03, A = -42]. 4. The yellow light-emitting device according to any one of 1 to 4. At least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of Formula I is represented by Formula I-5 or I-7

or a mixture of compounds of formulas I-5 and I-7. The color converter is:
a) Formula (II)

[In the formula,
R ²¹ , R ²² are each independently C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl, hetaryl or C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl-C ₁ - C ₁₀ -alkylene and the (hetero)aromatic rings in the three preceding groups are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl]. , 4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
(b) Formula (III)

[In the formula,
q is 1 to 4;
R ³⁰ is aryloxy which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by halogen, C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl or C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl, wherein the R ³⁰ group is at one or more of the positions indicated by ^* ;
R ³¹ , R ³² are each independently C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, C ₃ -C ₈ -cycloalkyl, C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl, hetaryl or C ₆ -C ₁₄ -aryl-C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkylene, wherein the (hetero)aromatic rings in the three immediately preceding groups are unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl] aryloxy-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
and mixtures thereof;
c) Formula (IV)

[In the formula,
One group of R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ independently of one another is cyano and the other group R ⁴³ or R ⁴⁴ consists of cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl and C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl phenyl having 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group;
R ⁴⁷ , R ⁴⁸ , R ⁴⁹ and R ⁴¹⁰ are each independently 1, 2 or 3 selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl or C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl A core cyanated naphthoylbenzimidazole compound of which is phenyl having a substituent of
and mixtures thereof;
and (d) formula (V)

[In the formula,
R ⁵¹ and R ⁵² are independently of each other hydrogen, in each case unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, polyalkyleneoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ - selected from the group consisting of alkylthio, _C3 - _C20 -cycloalkyl, _C3 - _C20 -cycloalkyloxy, _C6 - _C24 -aryl and _C6 - _C24 -aryloxy;
^R53 , ^R54 , ^R55 , R56, ^R57 , ^R58 , ^R59 , ^R510 , ^R511 , ^{R512 , R513 , R514} , ^R515 , ^R516 , ^R517 and ^R518 are independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, nitro, -NE ⁵¹ E ⁵² , -NR ^Ar51 COR ^A52 , -CONR ^Ar51 R ^Ar52 , -SO ₂ NR ^A51 R ^A52 , -COOR ^Ar51 , -SO ₃ R ^Ar52 , in each case unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkyl, polyalkyleneoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃₀ -alkylthio, C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, C selected from the group consisting of ₃ - _C20 -cycloalkoxy, _C6 - _C24 -aryl, _C6 - _C24 -aryloxy and _C6 - _C24 -arylthio;
Here, ^R53 and ^R54 , ^R54 and ^R55 , R55 and ^R56 , ^R56 and ^R57 , ^R57 and ^{R58 , R58} and ^R59 , ^R59 and ^R510 , ^R511 and ^R512 , R ⁵¹² and R ⁵¹³ , R ⁵¹³ and R ⁵¹⁴ , R ⁵⁵ and R ⁵¹⁵ , R ⁵¹⁵ and R ⁵¹⁶ , R ⁵¹⁶ and R ⁵¹⁷ and/or R ⁵¹⁷ and R ⁵¹⁸ are the biphenylyl moieties to which they are attached. together with the carbon atoms of may further form a fused aromatic or non-aromatic ring system, wherein the fused ring system is unsubstituted or substituted,
here,
E ⁵¹ and E ⁵² are independently of each other hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₂ -C ₁₈ -alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₂ -C ₁₈ -alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, or unsubstituted or substituted C ₆ -C ₁₀ -aryl,
R ^Ar51 and R ^Ar52 are each independently of each other hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₃ -C ₂₀ -cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C ₆ -C ₂₀ -aryl, or unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl] perylene-3,4,9,10- with a rigid 2,2′-biphenoxy bridge Tetracarboxylic acid diimide compound;
and mixtures thereof;
7. A yellow light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) selected from the group consisting of and mixtures thereof. 8. A yellow light-emitting device according to claim 7, wherein said at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) is selected from compounds of formula II, compounds of formula III and mixtures thereof. Said groups R ²¹ and R ²² in said compounds of formula II are each independently selected from C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl, phenyl or naphthyl, and the aromatic rings of the immediately preceding two groups are unsubstituted. or substituted with 1, 2 or 3 C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl groups. In the compound of formula III,
R ³⁰ is unsubstituted phenoxy or phenoxy substituted with 1 or 2 identical or different substituents selected from fluorine, chlorine, C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl or phenyl,
R ³¹ , R ³² are each independently C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl, 2,6-di(C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl)phenyl or 2,4-di(C ₁ -C ₁₀ -alkyl) is selected from phenyl,
9. A yellow light-emitting device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein q is 2, 3 or 4. The color converter comprises the at least one further organic fluorescent dye (A) of the formula (B)
5 [% × μm] ≤ w2 × d ≤ 80 [% × μm] (B)
[where w2 is the weight percent based on the combined weight of all further organic fluorescent dyes (A) and the total weight of said polymer, and d is the thickness (μm) of said color converter] 11. The yellow light-emitting device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the yellow light-emitting element is contained in an amount that satisfies ]. The polymer matrix is polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutene, silicone, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, poly(ethylene vinyl alcohol) copolymer, polyacrylonitrile , polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene acrylonitrile, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid polyester, polyvinyl butyrate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polyimide, polyetherimide or mixtures thereof. 12. A yellow light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , comprising a polymer that 13. The yellow light-emitting device according to claim 12, wherein said polymer consists of polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene furanoate. 14. A yellow light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the color converter comprises at least one light scattering agent . The light scattering agent is a poly(methyl methacrylate)-based scattering agent, a silicone-based scattering agent, or TiO ₂ 15. The yellow light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein 16. Any one of claims 1 to 15 , wherein the color converter comprises at least one inorganic luminescent material selected from quantum dots, garnets, silicates, sulfides, nitrides or oxynitrides. yellow light emitting element. 17. Use of a yellow light emitting device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 16 for illuminating work spaces for working with materials sensitive to light of wavelengths below 520 nm. A method of providing yellow light with at most 1% of the total radiant power in the spectral range below 520 nm, said method comprising:
(i) providing a light source selected from at least one blue light emitting diode having an emission center wavelength between 400 nm and 480 nm, at least one white light emitting diode having a correlated color temperature between 2700 K and 30000 K, or combinations thereof;
(ii) providing at least one color converter comprising at least one organic fluorescent dye and mixtures thereof in a polymer matrix;
(iii) positioning the color converter to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the light source, wherein the at least one organic fluorescent dye has the formula (I)

[Wherein, one or more CH groups of the 6-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown may be optionally replaced by nitrogen, and the symbols are respectively defined as follows:
n1 is the number from 0 to (10-p1) of each structural unit of formula (I) above, where p1 is the CH unit replaced by the nitrogen in the six-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown above; is the number of
X1 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, _SO2 , ^NR1 ; and R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aryl, a heteroaryl, each of which has a substituent; may be
an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or ring system, each of which is fused to another aromatic ring of a structural unit of formula (I) above, or F if X is not a chemical bond, Cl, Br, CN or H;
here,
two R groups may be joined to form one cyclic group,
X1 and R may be the same or different if n1>1;
Each R ¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which has one or more of —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO— and /or C ₁ -C ₁₈ -alkyl or cycloalkyl which may contain —SO ₂ — moieties and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, aryl or heteroaryl which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted is] at least one structural unit of
wherein said at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) absorbs at least a portion of the light emitted by said light source, including light having a wavelength in the range of 520-590 nm and comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in said color converter is weight percent of said at least one organic fluorescent dye of formula (A)
20 [% × μm] ≤ w1 × d ≤ 100 [% × μm] (A)
[wherein w is the weight percent of said at least one organic fluorescent dye comprising at least one structural unit of formula (I) in said polymer matrix based on the total weight of said polymer, and d is thickness (μm) of the color converter]. 19. Method according to claim 18 , wherein the color converter is as defined in any one of claims 6-16 .

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