JP7254752B2 - power management device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to power management devices.

In relation to natural energy power generation such as photovoltaic power generation, several techniques have been proposed for storing surplus power and making effective use of the power.
For example, the storage battery operation control device described in Patent Document 1 is based on the time change in the capacity of the storage battery predicted by the time change in the power used by the power load and the time change in the power generated by natural energy. The maximum peak value of the capacity of the storage battery is predicted, and the upper limit side differential power amount, which is the difference between the set upper limit value of the storage battery capacity and the maximum peak value of the storage battery capacity, is calculated. Then, the storage battery operation control device corrects the predicted value of the capacity of the storage battery at a predetermined initial time in the change over time based on at least the corrected capacity based on the upper limit side differential power amount. The capacity is calculated, and the storage battery is controlled so that the capacity of the storage battery reaches the required storage capacity at the initial time.
As a result, reverse flow of surplus power to the external power supply system can be reduced, and power supply from the external power supply system can be reduced.

In addition, several techniques have been proposed for charging an in-vehicle storage battery with natural energy power generation.
For example, a power supply distribution control device described in Patent Document 2 calculates an expected amount of photovoltaic power generation and an expected charge amount of a vehicle storage battery so that the photovoltaic power is supplied to the vehicle storage battery when charging is required. control the distribution of power to If the expected amount of photovoltaic power generation is greater than the expected charging amount, the power distribution is controlled so that the surplus power is supplied to the residential load. When the power amount is greater than the sum of , power distribution is controlled so that surplus power is supplied to the residential storage battery, and further, power distribution is controlled so that surplus power is sold when there is surplus power.
It is said that this enables the electric power generated by the solar cell to reliably charge the storage battery mounted on the automobile.

JP 2012-120419 A JP 2010-268576 A

Patent Literature 1 does not disclose a method of charging the storage battery when it is used outside the facility. When using a storage battery outside a facility equipped with a charging/discharging mechanism, such as when using electricity in an electric vehicle, it is necessary to charge the battery in advance so as not to cause a shortage of electricity.
Moreover, in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to provide both a vehicle storage battery and a residential storage battery. From the viewpoint of equipment cost reduction, it is desirable to be able to operate with one storage battery. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to supply power to power loads in a facility to which power is to be supplied with a single storage battery, while avoiding power shortages when the storage battery is used outside the facility.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and its object is to supply power to the power load in the facility to which power is supplied with one storage battery, and to solve the problem of power shortage when the storage battery is used outside the facility. To provide a power management device capable of avoiding

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a power management device according to one aspect of the present invention is a power management device that manages power in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery. A management device comprising: a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility; a scheduled time to finish using the storage battery outside the facility; an out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit that acquires an out-of-facility usage schedule including an out-of-facility usage prediction that is a prediction of required power; a power consumption prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load; A generated power prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation device, and based on the schedule for use outside the facility, the prediction of the power consumption, and the prediction of the generated power, the power storage of the storage battery for each time. and an externally supplied electric power during a period when the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the obtained electric storage amount for each time becomes a predetermined maximum electric storage amount. and a maximum power storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery, and the power storage amount at the end of outside use, which is the amount of power stored in the storage battery at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum power storage amount. It is characterized by comprising an outside-use power storage amount adjusting unit that plans charging and discharging of the storage battery, and a charging and discharging control unit that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery based on the obtained plan.

Further, a power management device according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management device described above, wherein the stored power amount adjustment unit for use outside the facility controls the stored power amount at the end of use outside the facility and the minimum stored power amount and when the adjustment necessity determination unit determines that adjustment is necessary, the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is set to the maximum storage battery amount. and a before/after determination unit that determines whether or not it is earlier than the time at which externally supplied power is supplied when the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the time at which the storage battery reaches its maximum storage capacity. and when the before/after determination unit determines that the scheduled time of completion of use outside the facility is after the time when the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery reaches its maximum, the storage battery is discharged. and a discharge suppression planning unit that plans suppression of the discharge.

Further, a power management device according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management device described above, wherein the charging planning unit performs external The storage battery is planned to be continuously charged using the supplied power, and the time width of the time period is set to a time width in which the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum amount of electricity storage. do.

Further, a power management apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management apparatus described above, wherein the charging planning unit performs external The storage battery is planned to be continuously charged using the supplied power, and the time width of the time period is set to a time width in which the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum amount of electricity storage. do.

Further, a power management device according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management device described above, wherein the charge/discharge control unit controls the time period from the scheduled start time of use outside the facility to the scheduled end time of use outside the facility. is detected that the storage battery is connected, the storage battery is charged using the external power supply.

Further, a charge/discharge planning device according to another aspect of the present invention is a charge/discharge planning device for planning charging and discharging of the storage battery in a facility including a natural energy power generation device, an electric power load, and a storage battery, A scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled time to end the use outside the facility, a scheduled time to end the use, and a prediction of the amount of power required for the use. an out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit that acquires an out-of-facility usage schedule including an out-of-facility usage forecast, a power consumption prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load, and power generated by the natural energy power generation device a generated power prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of the power generation amount prediction that calculates the power storage amount of the storage battery at each time based on the out-of-facility use schedule, the power consumption prediction, and the power generation prediction A calculating unit and a plan to charge the storage battery using externally supplied power during a time period when the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the obtained power storage amount for each time becomes a predetermined maximum power storage amount. and a maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging and discharging of the storage battery so that the storage amount at the end of outside use, which is the amount of storage in the storage battery at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount. and an out-of-facility use power storage amount adjusting unit.

A charging/discharging planning method according to another aspect of the present invention is a charging/discharging planning method for a charging/discharging planning device that plans charging/discharging of a storage battery in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device, an electric power load, and a storage battery. The scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, which is the scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, the scheduled time to end the use outside the facility, which is the scheduled time to end the use, and the power required for the use an out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition step of acquiring an out-of-facility usage schedule including an out-of-facility usage forecast that is an estimate of the amount of power consumption; a power consumption prediction acquisition step of acquiring a prediction of the power consumption of the power load; Based on a generated power prediction obtaining step of obtaining a predicted generated power of a power generation device, the schedule for use outside the facility, the prediction of the power consumption, and the prediction of the generated power, the amount of power stored in the storage battery for each time is calculated. and the step of calculating the stored electricity amount prediction calculation step, and the above-mentioned using the externally supplied electric power in a time period when the electricity rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the obtained accumulated electricity amount for each time becomes a predetermined maximum value of the accumulated electricity amount. a maximum storage amount adjustment step of planning charging of the storage battery; and an out-of-facility storage amount adjustment step for planning charging and discharging.

Further, a program according to another aspect of the present invention provides a computer as a charge/discharge planning device that plans charging and discharging of the storage battery in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device, an electric load, and a storage battery, and stores the storage battery in the computer. The scheduled time to start using outside the facility, which is the scheduled time to start using outside the facility, the scheduled ending time for using outside the facility, which is the scheduled time to end the use, and the estimated amount of power required for the use. an out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition step of acquiring an out-of-facility usage schedule including a forecast of power consumption; a power consumption prediction acquisition step of acquiring a prediction of the power consumption of the power load; and a prediction of the power generated by the natural energy power generation device. a power generation prediction obtaining step of obtaining a power generation prediction obtaining step of calculating the power storage amount of the storage battery for each time based on the out-of-facility use schedule, the power consumption prediction, and the power generation prediction calculation step Then, the maximum value for charging the storage battery using the externally supplied power in the time period when the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the obtained power storage amount for each time becomes the predetermined maximum power storage amount a step of adjusting the amount of stored electricity, and planning the charging and discharging of the storage battery so that the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery at the scheduled end time of the use outside the facility, which is the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery at the time when the usage outside the facility ends, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum amount of storage. and an in-use power storage amount adjustment step.

Further, a storage battery according to another aspect of the present invention is a storage battery controlled by a power management device that manages power in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery, wherein the power management The device has a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled time to end the use outside the facility, a scheduled time to end the use, and an amount of power required for the use. The amount of power stored in the storage battery for each time based on the schedule for use outside the facility including the prediction of the amount of power used outside the facility as a prediction, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load, and the prediction of the power generated by the natural energy power generation device. and an externally supplied power during a period when the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the obtained stored power amount for each time becomes a predetermined maximum stored power amount. a maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery; and a charge/discharge control unit that controls charging/discharging of the storage battery based on the obtained plan, wherein the storage battery supplies the externally supplied power. a charging mode in which charging is forcibly performed with a constant power, including; a standby mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed; and an auto mode in which charging is performed when the power generated by the natural energy generator is greater than the power consumed by the power load. and the power management device sets the charging mode, the standby mode, or the auto mode of the storage battery for each time.

Further, a storage battery according to another aspect of the present invention is a storage battery that is included in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device and an electric power load, and whose charging and discharging is planned by a charging and discharging planning device that plans charging and discharging. , the charging/discharging planning device includes a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled time to finish using the storage battery outside the facility, and a scheduled time to finish using the storage battery outside the facility. Based on the schedule for use outside the facility including the prediction of the amount of power used outside the facility, which is the prediction of the amount of power required for each time, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load, and the prediction of the power generated by the natural energy power generation device A power storage amount prediction calculation unit that calculates the power storage amount of the storage battery, and an external supply during a time period when the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the power storage amount obtained for each time becomes a predetermined power storage amount maximum value. a maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery using electric power; a charging mode in which the storage battery is forcibly charged with a constant power including the externally supplied power; and an auto mode in which charging is performed when the power generated by the natural energy power generating device is greater than the power consumed by the power load. , the charging mode, the standby mode, and the auto mode.

A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention is a vehicle equipped with the storage battery described above.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while supplying electric power to the electric power load in the facility of the electric power supply object with one storage battery, electricity shortage can be avoided when the storage battery is used outside the facility.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of a facility provided with a power management device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the functional structure of the power management apparatus in the same embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the prediction of the power consumption of a power load which the power consumption prediction acquisition part acquires in the same embodiment. 4 is a graph showing an example of prediction of generated power of a natural energy power generation device acquired by a generated power prediction acquisition unit in the same embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the demand-and-supply prediction which the electrical storage amount prediction calculation part calculates in the same embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the electrical storage amount of a storage battery which the electrical storage amount prediction calculation part calculates in the same embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which planned charging in a cheap period so that the maximum peak electrical storage amount might become maximum electrical storage amount SOCmax. It is a graph which shows the example which a charge planning part secures the electrical storage amount by charge in a cheap period in the same embodiment. 7 is a graph showing an example in which the charging planning unit plans to charge the storage battery in the time period immediately before the storage battery is used outside the facility in the same embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which secures the required electrical storage amount at the time of outside use by suppressing discharge of a storage battery by the discharge suppression planning part. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which the discharge suppression planning part planned charging of the storage battery using the externally supplied electric power. In the same embodiment, it is a flow chart which shows a processing procedure by which a power management device generates a charging/discharging plan of a storage battery. 4 is a flow chart showing a procedure of a process in which an out-of-facility use power storage amount adjusting unit secures a power storage amount necessary for out-of-facility use of a storage battery in the same embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a flow chart which shows the procedure of the padding processing which the charge amount adjustment part at the time of facility use performs. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure which a charge planning part performs a peak pre-processing. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure in which a charge planning part performs the peak pre-processing in a cheap period. In the same embodiment, it is a flow chart which shows the procedure in which the charge planning unit performs the peak pre-processing in the expensive period. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure which a discharge suppression planning part performs a peak post-processing. FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of a schedule considering discharge prohibition until immediately after the maximum peak time in the same embodiment; FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of a schedule in which no change is made from the processing start time until the vehicle use start SOC is reached, and discharge is prohibited after that, according to the same embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of a facility equipped with a power management device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, facility 1 includes power management device 100 , vehicle 200 equipped with storage battery 201 , natural energy power generation device 300 , and power load 400 .

The power management device 100 manages power generated or consumed within the facility. The power management apparatus 100 is also connected to a network 500 and receives information such as weather forecasts via the network 500 . The power management device 100 corresponds to an example of a charge/discharge planning device, and plans charge/discharge of the storage battery 201 in power management.
The power management device 100 performs power management for the purpose of improving the power self-sufficiency rate of the natural energy power generation device 300 . If the reverse power flow increases due to the spread of photovoltaic power generation, etc., it is conceivable that it will become impossible to sell power to the commercial power system side, and that the power selling price will become lower than the power buying price. In such a case, it is desirable to improve the power self-sufficiency rate of the natural energy power generator 300 and reduce the amount of purchased power.

The vehicle 200 runs on electric power supplied from a storage battery 201 mounted thereon. Further, when the vehicle 200 is stopped within the facility, the power management device 100 controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 201 .
However, running of the vehicle 200 on the power supplied from the storage battery 201 is an example of the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility, and is not limited to this. Here, the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility is the use of the storage battery 201 in a state in which the natural energy power generation device 300 and the power load 400 are disconnected. For example, the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility may be a use that does not involve moving the storage battery 201, as in the case of switching the system that uses the storage battery 201.
The natural energy power generator 300 generates power using natural energy such as sunlight or wind power.
The electric power load 400 is a general term for electrical equipment provided in a facility, and is operated by power supplied by the storage battery 201, power supplied by the natural energy power generation device 300, or externally supplied power such as grid power.

Here, the usage fee for the power (externally supplied power) supplied to the facility 1 from the outside varies depending on the time at which the power is supplied. For example, in the time period from 11:00 pm to 7:00 am, the charge for use of externally supplied power is lower than in the time period from 7:00 am to 11:00 pm.
Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 charges the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power (charging in a charging mode described later) during the time period (low cost period) from 11:00 pm to 7:00 am. to 11:00 pm (expensive period), the power load 400 is operated by the power supplied by the storage battery 201 . Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 controls the capacity of the storage battery 201 so that the power load 400 can be operated by the power supplied by the storage battery 201 during the expensive period.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the functional configuration of the power management device 100. As shown in FIG. In the figure, the power management apparatus 100 includes an out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110, a power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120, a power generation prediction acquisition unit 130, a power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140, and a maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150. , an out-of-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 and a charge/discharge control unit 170 . The outside-of-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 includes an adjustment necessity determination unit 161 , a before/after determination unit 162 , a charge planning unit 163 , and a discharge suppression planning unit 164 .

A case where the power management apparatus 100 generates a charge/discharge plan for one day from 11:00 pm, which is the start time of the low cost period, to 11:00 pm the following day will be described below as an example. By making a plan from the start time of the low-price period to the start time of the next low-price period in this way, it becomes relatively easy to generate a plan for charging as much as possible during the low-price period and reducing charging during the high-price period.

Moreover, although the case where the power management apparatus 100 produces|generates the charging/discharging plan for every 1 minute is demonstrated below as an example, it does not restrict to this. For example, the power management apparatus 100 may generate the charging/discharging plan at longer time intervals such as every 5 minutes, or may generate the charging/discharging plan at shorter time intervals such as every 30 seconds. good too.

The out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 acquires a scheduled out-of-facility use start time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery 201 outside the facility 1, a scheduled out-of-facility use end time that is a scheduled time to end the use, and An out-of-facility usage schedule is obtained that includes an out-of-facility power usage prediction that is a prediction of the amount of power required for the use.
For example, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 receives an input of the usage schedule of the vehicle 200 from the user of the power management device 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as “user”).

In this case, in principle, the use schedule of the vehicle 200 is input by the user for each use schedule by the day before the scheduled use date. By estimating the usage schedule, input of some information is omitted.
Specifically, when the purpose of using the vehicle 200 is regular use such as commuting, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 initially inputs the scheduled start time of use, driving distance, usage time, and repetition pattern from the user. and record this information in an internal database. For example, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as scheduled usage start time = 7:00 am, driving distance = 30 kilometers (km), usage time = 10 hours, repetition pattern = every week from Monday to Friday.
Then, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 sets the same usage schedule as the usage schedule for each repetition pattern. Therefore, the user can omit input from the second time onward.

Further, when the purpose of using the vehicle 200 is frequent irregular use such as shopping, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 first receives input of driving distance and usage time from the user, and stores this information in the internal database. record. For example, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as scheduled usage start time = 10:00 am, driving distance = 10 kilometers, usage time = 2 hours.
For the second and subsequent inputs, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 receives only the scheduled usage time from the user, and uses the same parameters as the usage schedule for the remaining parameters. This is because it is assumed that when the vehicle 200 is used for shopping, the destination and the time required for shopping are almost the same.
If the purpose of use of the vehicle 200 is one-time use, it is difficult to predict the use schedule, so the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives the input of the use schedule each time. For example, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as scheduled usage start time = 8:00 am, driving distance = 200 kilometers, usage time = 48 hours.

The power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 acquires prediction of power consumption of the power load 400 . For example, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 determines the target period for which the power management apparatus 100 generates the charge/discharge plan based on the weather forecast acquired via the network 500, the past operation history of the power load 400, and the like. The power consumption of the power load 400 is predicted for each generation target time (hereinafter simply referred to as “each time”). For example, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 for each minute from 23:00 to 23:00. Alternatively, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 may acquire the prediction from outside the power management apparatus 100 such as the control unit of the power load 400 .

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of prediction of power consumption of the power load 400 acquired by the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120. As shown in FIG. The horizontal axis of the figure indicates the time, and the vertical axis indicates the power consumption of the power load 400 . The time "-2" indicates 10:00 pm of the previous day.
In FIG. 3, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 from 23:00, which is the start time of the low price period, to 23:00 the next day.

The generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 acquires a prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation device 300 . For example, based on the weather forecast acquired via the network 500, the power generation prediction acquisition unit 130 generates power generated by the natural energy power generation device 300 at each time for the target period for which the power management device 100 generates the charge/discharge plan. to predict. Alternatively, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 may acquire the prediction from outside the power management device 100 such as the control unit of the natural energy power generation device 300 .

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of prediction of the power generated by the natural energy power generation device 300 acquired by the power generation prediction acquisition unit 130 . The horizontal axis of the figure indicates the time, and the vertical axis indicates the power consumption of the power load 400 .
In FIG. 4, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 from 23:00, which is the start time of the low price period, to 23:00 the next day. The amount of power generated by the power generation prediction acquisition unit 130 is large during the daytime when the sun is shining.

The power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 for each time based on the out-of-facility use schedule, the power consumption prediction, and the power generation prediction. Specifically, the stored electricity amount prediction calculation unit 140 first subtracts the predicted power consumption value of the power load 400 and the predicted power consumption value of the vehicle 200 from the predicted power generation value of the natural energy power generation device 300, Calculate the supply and demand forecast for each hour. Then, the stored electricity amount prediction calculation unit 140 integrates the obtained demand-supply prediction, and calculates the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 at each time when charging is not performed using the externally supplied power.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of demand and supply prediction calculated by the stored electricity amount prediction calculation unit 140. As shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power supply and demand. The upper side of the figure shows the supply side as seen from the natural energy power generator 300 and the power load 400 , and the lower side shows the demand side as seen from the natural energy power generator 300 and the power load 400 .
The time indicated by M11 to M13 in the figure is the time during which the vehicle 200 is scheduled to be used, and the power consumption assumed from the purpose of use is set. At other times, a value obtained by subtracting the power consumption of the power load 400 from the power generated by the natural energy power generator 300 is set.

When the supply and demand prediction is obtained, the stored electricity amount prediction calculation unit 140 integrates the obtained demand and supply prediction, and calculates the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 at each time when charging is not performed using the externally supplied power. . Specifically, the stored electricity amount prediction calculation unit 140 acquires the stored electricity amount at the start time of the plan generation target time (hereinafter simply referred to as “start time”), is sequentially integrated for each time to calculate the amount of stored electricity for each time.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 calculated by the power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 .
In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the amount of charge (SOC) of storage battery 201 . In addition, SOCmax in the same figure indicates the maximum amount of stored electricity that is allowed in the operation of the storage battery 201, and SOCmin indicates the minimum amount of stored electricity that is allowed in the operation of the storage battery 201. FIG. In the example of FIG. 6, in the time period from about 8:00 to about 11:00, the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 is equal to or less than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. This is because the adjustment of the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 has not yet been performed at this stage.

The maximum stored electricity amount adjustment unit 150 adjusts the power rate so that the maximum value of the obtained stored electricity amount at each time (hereinafter referred to as “maximum peak stored electricity amount”) becomes a predetermined maximum stored electricity amount SOCmax. The charging of the storage battery 201 is planned using the externally supplied electric power in a certain time period. Specifically, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 first detects the time when the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 is at its maximum (hereinafter referred to as “maximum peak time”). In the example of FIG. 6, the amount of stored electricity is maximum at a time just before 16:00.

Next, the maximum storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans charging in the low cost period so that the maximum peak value of the storage battery 201 becomes the maximum storage amount SOCmax. That is, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans to charge the power generated by the natural energy power generation device 300 in the cheapest period possible within the power storage range. This can reduce the charge amount in the expensive period. Adjusting the maximum peak value of the storage battery 201 to the maximum storage amount SOCmax is referred to as “peak matching”.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example in which the maximum stored electricity amount adjustment unit 150 plans charging in the inexpensive period so that the maximum peak stored electricity amount becomes the maximum stored electricity amount SOCmax. The horizontal axis of the figure indicates the time, and the vertical axis indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "SOC"). At time T11 before 7:00, which is the end time of the low price period, the maximum storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans charging during the low price period, and the SOC is rising. As the SOC rises, the maximum peak storage amount shown at point P11 becomes the maximum storage amount SOCmax.

For example, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 determines to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power until 7:00, which is the end time of the low price period, and sets the charging time to the maximum peak power storage amount SOCmax. set to be As a result, the maximum storage amount adjusting unit 150 plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power at the end of the low price period, as in the example of FIG. 7 . By delaying the charging timing, maximum stored power amount adjustment unit 150 can reduce the amount of charge when the power consumption of power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management device 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

The outside-use storage amount adjustment unit 160 adjusts the storage battery so that the outside-use storage amount, which is the storage amount (SOC) of the storage battery 201 at the out-of-facility use end scheduled time, is equal to or greater than a predetermined storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Plan charging and discharging.
Here, if the SOC of the storage battery 201 is smaller than the storage amount minimum value SOCmin at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility, it is predicted that electricity will be insufficient for use outside the facility. Unlike the use of electricity inside the facility 1, in the use outside the facility, it is conceivable that externally supplied power such as commercial power cannot be obtained. For this reason, a shortage of electricity in off-site use can cause a great deal of inconvenience. For example, if the vehicle 200 runs short of electricity, the vehicle 200 cannot run, and it becomes impossible to return to the facility 1 .
Therefore, the power storage amount adjusting unit 160 for use outside the facility plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power before use outside the facility so as to secure necessary electricity for use outside the facility.

Here, the storage battery 201 has three modes: a charging mode, a standby mode, and an auto mode. do.
The charge mode is a mode in which the battery is forcibly charged with a constant power including the externally supplied power. For example, when the surplus power generation of the natural energy power generation device 300 is 3 kilowatts (kW) and the storage battery 201 is charged with 5 kilowatts, the 3 kilowatts of the natural energy power generation device 300 and the 2 kilowatts of externally supplied power are combined to give 5 kilowatts. , the storage battery 201 is charged.

Standby mode is a mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed.
In the auto mode, if there is surplus power (that is, if the power generated by the natural energy power generation device 300 is greater than the power consumed by the power load 400), charging is performed with the surplus power. For example, if the surplus power is 3 kilowatts, it is charged at 3 kilowatts, and if it is 1 kilowatts, it is charged at 1 kilowatts.
On the other hand, when the power is insufficient (that is, when the power generated by the natural energy power generator 300 is less than or equal to the power consumed by the power load 400), the storage battery 201 discharges.

In relation to the use of the vehicle 200, when the vehicle 200 is in use (that is, the storage battery 201 is in use outside the facility) or at the scheduled time of use, the storage battery amount adjusting unit 160 changes the mode of the storage battery 201 to the standby mode. and On the other hand, when the vehicle 200 is unused (thus, when the storage battery 201 can be connected to the power load 400 or the natural energy power generation device 300), if charging is necessary, the charging mode is set, and discharging is prohibited in order to secure the amount of stored electricity. Standby mode is selected when it is necessary, and auto mode is selected otherwise.

Further, when the power management apparatus 100 is generating the charging/discharging plan and the use outside the facility is being performed, the standby mode is set thereafter, and the plan is rescheduled after the end of the use outside the facility. That is, since it is not known when the out-of-facility use will end, and even if a plan is generated, it may be useless, it is conceivable to first set the standby mode.
Also, when the use outside the facility is finished, it is conceivable that the standby mode is set once, and then the charge mode or the mode is set after the power storage amount is detected and the plan is generated again.

In the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160, an adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines whether or not adjustment of the power storage amount is necessary by comparing the power storage amount at the end of off-facility use with the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Specifically, if the stored electricity amount at the end of use outside the facility is smaller than the stored electricity amount minimum value SOCmin, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that adjustment is necessary. On the other hand, if the stored electricity amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum stored electricity amount SOCmin, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that adjustment is unnecessary.

When the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that adjustment is necessary, the before/after determination unit 162 determines whether or not the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time.
When the before/after determining unit 162 determines that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time, the charging planning unit 163 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power. When the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility can be increased by increasing the amount of charge during the low cost period. Electricity charges can be kept low by charging during the low-cost period.
Therefore, the charging planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 to secure the required amount of stored electricity for use outside the facility.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example in which the charging planning unit 163 secures the amount of stored electricity by charging during the low cost period. 4A shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of storage battery 201 before charging planning unit 163 plans charging in the low cost period. Specifically, line L211 indicates power supply and demand, and line L212 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 .
In FIG. 4A, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by point P21 is smaller than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, the charging planning unit 163 plans charging during the low cost period.

FIG. 8B shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of the storage battery 201 after the charging planning unit 163 has planned charging in the inexpensive period. Specifically, line L221 indicates power supply and demand, and line L222 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 . Charging planning unit 163 plans charging of storage battery 201 using externally supplied power at time T21. As a result, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P22 is equal to or greater than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 required for use outside the facility.

In addition, the charging planning unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time period retroactive to the scheduled start time of use outside the facility as the charging end time, and the time width of the time period is the time period during which the stored power amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum stored power amount. That is, the charging planning unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in the time period immediately before the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example in which the charging planning unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in the time period immediately before the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility. The figure shows the power supply and demand after planning by the charging planning unit 163 and the SOC of the storage battery 201 . Specifically, line L31 indicates power supply and demand, and line L32 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 . Charging planning unit 163 plans charging of storage battery 201 using external power supply at time T31. As a result, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P31 is equal to or greater than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 required for use outside the facility.

If charging during the low-cost period alone cannot secure the amount of stored electricity necessary for use outside the facility, or if charging cannot be performed during the low-cost period such as re-planning after the end of the low-cost period, the charging planning unit 163 performs the example shown in FIG. , the storage battery 201 is planned to be charged in the time period immediately before the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility. By delaying the charging timing, the charging planning unit 163 can reduce the charging amount when the power consumption of the power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management device 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

The discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans suppression of discharge of the storage battery 201 when the before-and-after determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is after the maximum peak time.
If the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is after the maximum peak time, even if the amount of charge during the low cost period is increased, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility cannot be increased. In this case, it is simpler to supply the externally supplied power directly to the power load 400 than to temporarily store it in the storage battery 201 and then supply it to the power load 400, and there is no loss due to charge/discharge.
Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of the storage battery 201 to ensure the required amount of stored electricity during use outside the facility.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example in which the discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of the storage battery 201 to secure the required amount of stored electricity during use outside the facility. 4A shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of storage battery 201 before discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of storage battery 201. FIG. Specifically, line L411 indicates power supply and demand, and line L412 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 .
In FIG. 4A, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by point P41 is smaller than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans to suppress the discharge of the storage battery 201 .

FIG. 10B shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of storage battery 201 after discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of storage battery 201 . Specifically, line L421 indicates power supply and demand, and line L422 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 . Discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses discharge of storage battery 201 at times T41 and T42. As a result, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P42 is equal to or greater than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 required for use outside the facility.

In addition, when the amount of power storage necessary for use outside the facility cannot be secured even if the discharge of the storage battery 201 is suppressed, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power. FIG. 11 is a graph showing an example in which discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans charging of storage battery 201 using external power supply. The figure shows the power supply and demand after planning by the discharge suppression planning unit 164 and the SOC of the storage battery 201 . Specifically, line L51 indicates power supply and demand, and line L52 indicates the SOC of storage battery 201 .
In the example of FIG. 11, even if the discharge of the storage battery 201 is suppressed for the entire time until the start of use outside the facility, the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility at 22:00 cannot be secured. Therefore, discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans charging of storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power at time T51. As a result, the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P51 is equal to or greater than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 201 required for use outside the facility.

The charging/discharging control unit 170 controls charging/discharging of the storage battery 201 based on the plan obtained by the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 . Specifically, the charge/discharge control unit 170 switches the mode of the above-described storage battery 201 according to the plan.

Next, operations of the power management apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 20. FIG.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for the power management device 100 to generate a charge/discharge plan for the storage battery 201. As shown in FIG. The power management apparatus 100 performs the processing shown in FIG. 10 before the start time of the low-price period and generates a charge/discharge plan from the start time of the low-price period to the start time of the next low-price period. Further, when the planned amount and the actual amount of stored electricity deviate from each other, the power management apparatus 100 performs the processing shown in FIG.

In the process of FIG. 12 , first, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 predicts the generated power of the natural energy power generation device 300 at each time of the planning target period (step S111). Alternatively, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 may acquire the prediction of the generated power from another device.
In addition, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 at each time during the planning target period (step S112). Alternatively, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 may acquire a power consumption prediction from another device.
Further, the out-of-facility usage schedule acquisition unit 110 acquires the usage schedule of the vehicle 200 and calculates the scheduled usage power of the vehicle 200 (step S113).

Next, based on the prediction of the power generated by the natural energy power generation device 300, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load 400, and the planned power consumption of the vehicle 200, the power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 A power supply and demand prediction at the time is calculated (step S114). Then, based on the obtained electric power supply and demand prediction, the electric power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates the electric power storage amount prediction of the storage battery 201 when charging is not performed using the externally supplied electric power for each time of the period to be planned. (step S115).

Next, the maximum stored electricity amount adjustment unit 150 performs peak matching for matching the maximum value of the stored electricity amount of the storage battery 201 to the maximum stored electricity amount SOCmax (step S116).
Then, the power storage amount adjustment unit 160 for out-of-facility use ends the power storage amount at the end of out-of-facility use in order to secure the amount of power storage necessary for the outside use of the storage battery 201 (in this embodiment, the use of the storage battery 201 by the vehicle 200). is equal to or greater than the minimum stored amount SOCmin (step S117).
After that, the process of FIG. 12 is ended, and the charge/discharge control unit 170 controls the charge/discharge of the storage battery 201 according to the obtained plan.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a process of securing the amount of stored electricity necessary for the outside use of the storage battery 201 by the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 . The outside-use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 performs the process of FIG. 13 in step S117 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 13, the outside-use power storage amount adjusting unit 160 first starts a loop L11 in which the process is performed for each planned use of the vehicle 200 (step S121).

Then, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that the stored electricity amount at the end of the use outside the facility (in this embodiment, the SOC at the end of the use of the vehicle 200) is the minimum stored electricity amount for the vehicle use that is the processing target in the loop L11. It is determined whether or not it is smaller than SOCmin (step S122).
When it is determined that the power storage amount at the end of outside use is smaller than the minimum power storage amount SOCmin (step S122: YES), the power storage amount at outside use end adjustment unit 160 adjusts the power storage amount at the end of outside use to the minimum power storage amount SOCmin. The raising process described above is performed (step S123).

Then, the adjustment necessity determining unit 161 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L11 has been completed for all vehicle uses within the planned period, and transitions according to the determination result (step S124). If it is determined that there is unprocessed vehicle use, the process returns to step S121, and loop L11 is processed for the remaining vehicle use. On the other hand, if it is determined that the processing has been completed for all vehicle uses, the processing of FIG. 13 ends.
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S122 that the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin (step S122: NO), the process proceeds to step S124.

FIG. 14 is a flow chart showing the procedure of the raising process performed by the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 . In step S123 of FIG. 13, the out-of-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 performs the process of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 14, first, the before/after determination unit 162 determines whether or not the scheduled end time of use outside the facility (the end time of vehicle use in this embodiment) is earlier (less than) the maximum peak time (step S131).

When it is determined that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time (step S131: YES), the charging planning unit 163 performs charging processing when the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time. Processing is performed (step S132).
After that, the process of FIG. 14 ends.
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S131 that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is not earlier than the maximum peak time (step S131: NO), the discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is not earlier than the maximum peak time. A post-peak process, which is a raising process for the case, is performed (step S133).
After that, the process of FIG. 14 ends.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing a procedure for the charge planning unit 163 to perform pre-peak processing. The charging planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 15 in step S132 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 15 , the charging planning unit 163 first performs a raising process of charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power during the low price period as pre-peak processing during the low price period (step S141).

Then, the adjustment necessity determining unit 161 determines whether or not the raising amount is insufficient (step S142). Specifically, similarly to step S122 in FIG. 13, the adjustment necessity determining unit 161 determines whether or not the power storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is smaller than the power storage amount minimum value SOCmin. When it is determined that the raising amount is insufficient (step S142: YES), the charging planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in the expensive period as peak pre-processing in the expensive period. Processing is performed (step S143).
After that, the process of FIG. 15 ends.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S142 that the raised amount is sufficient (step S142: NO), the process of FIG. 15 is terminated.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing a procedure for the charging planning unit 163 to perform peak pre-processing in a low price period. The charging planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 16 in step S141 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 16, the charging planning unit 163 first sets the target raising amount to a value obtained by subtracting the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility (SOC at the end of vehicle use in this embodiment) from the minimum storage amount SOCmin. Set (step S151). In other words, the charging planning unit 163 sets a target of raising the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility to be equal to or higher than the minimum amount of electricity storage SOCmin.
Next, the charging planning unit 163 sets the required amount of raising to the target amount of raising set in step S151 (step S152). The necessary inflation amount here is the remaining inflation amount that needs to be obtained by charging in the inverse calculation of the SOC in loop L16, which will be described later.

Next, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not there is a period during which additional charging is possible during the low cost period (step S153). If it is determined that there is no additional charging period during the low cost period (step S153: NO), the process of FIG. 16 is terminated.
On the other hand, if it is determined that there is a period during which the additional charge is possible during the inexpensive period (step S153: YES), the charging planning unit 163 charges the additional charge period from the end time of the additional charge period to the start time of the additional charge period by one minute. A loop L16 in which processing is performed backward (that is, at each time) is started (step S161). In loop L16, the charge planning unit 163 sets the storage battery 201 to the charge mode within the additional chargeable period to increase the amount of stored electricity.

Specifically, charging planning unit 163 first sets the SOC of storage battery 201 at the time (minute) to be processed in loop L16 to a value obtained by subtracting the charge amount per minute from the SOC value at the next time. (step S162). That is, charging planning unit 163 sets the mode of storage battery 201 to the charging mode, and calculates backward the SOC at the time before from the SOC one minute later.

Next, the charging planning unit 163 sets the required amount of inflation to the change in SOC (step S163). That is, charging planning unit 163 subtracts the SOC increase due to charging at the time to be processed from the necessary raising amount.
Then, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the required amount of inflation has become 0 or less (step S164). If it is determined that the value has become 0 or less (step S164: YES), the required amount of raising has been obtained, so the loop L16 is exited and the process proceeds to step S171, which will be described later.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S164 that the required amount of inflation is greater than 0 (step S164: NO), the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of loop L16 has been completed for all the portions to be processed. and transitions according to the determination result (step S165). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of loop L16 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S161, and loop L16 is continued for the unprocessed portion.

After completing the loop L16 in step S165, the charging planning unit 163 performs the processing of the loop L17 in which the processing is performed one minute at a time from the additional charge end time to the processing end time (step S171). In loop L17, the raising amount obtained in the processing of loop L16 is also reflected in the SOC after the additional charge end time.
Specifically, the charging planning unit 163 adds (target raising amount−necessary raising amount) to the SOC at the time to be processed in the loop L17 (step S172). This target inflation amount-required inflation amount is the inflation amount obtained by additional charging.

Then, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L17 has been completed for all the portions to be processed, and transitions according to the determination result (step S173). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of loop L17 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S171, and the loop L17 is continued for the unprocessed portion.
After completing the loop L17 in step S173, the process of FIG. 16 is terminated.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing a procedure for the charging planning unit 163 to perform the peak pre-processing in the high price period. The charging planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 17 in step S143 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 17, the charging planning unit 163 first sets the raising amount to a value obtained by subtracting the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility (SOC at the end of vehicle use in this embodiment) from the minimum storage amount SOCmin. (step S201). That is, the charging planning unit 163 decides to raise the amount of stored electricity at the end of use outside the facility to be equal to or greater than the minimum stored amount of electricity SOCmin.

Next, charging planning unit 163 adds the raising amount to the SOC of storage battery 201 at the start of vehicle use (step S202).
Then, the charging planning unit 163 starts a loop L21 in which the process is reversed one minute at a time (that is, at each time) from the vehicle use start time to the start time of the time to be planned (step S211). . In loop L21, charging planning unit 163 calculates backward from the required amount of stored electricity set at the vehicle use start time, and sets storage battery 201 to the charging mode until the required amount of stored electricity matches the amount of stored battery 201.

Specifically, charging planning unit 163 first determines whether vehicle 200 is in use or storage battery 201 is being charged (step S212). If it is determined that the vehicle 200 is not in use or the storage battery 201 is not being charged (step S212: NO), the charging planning unit 163 changes the SOC of the storage battery 201 at the time (minute) subject to processing in the loop L21 to the next time. A value obtained by subtracting the charge amount per minute from the SOC value in (step S221). That is, charging planning unit 163 sets the mode of storage battery 201 to the charging mode, and calculates backward the SOC at the time before from the SOC one minute later.

Next, the charging planning unit 163 sets the required amount of inflation to the amount of change in the SOC (step S222). The necessary inflation amount here is the remaining inflation amount that needs to be obtained by charging in the SOC inverse calculation in loop L21.
Then, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the required amount of inflation has become 0 or less (step S223). If it is determined that the value has become 0 or less (step S223: YES), the required amount of raising has been obtained, so the loop L21 is exited and the process proceeds to step S261, which will be described later.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S223 that the required amount of inflation is greater than 0 (step S223: NO), the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of loop L21 has been completed for all the portions to be processed. and transitions according to the determination result (step S241). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of loop L21 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S211, and the loop L21 is continued for the unprocessed portion.
If it is determined in step S212 that the vehicle 200 is in use or that the storage battery 201 is being charged (step S212: YES), in either case, the storage battery 201 cannot be newly charged. The necessary amount of raising is added to the SOC at the time to be processed (step S231). After that, the process proceeds to step S241.

After completing the loop L21 in step S241, the charging planning unit 163 performs the processing of the loop L22 in which the processing is performed one minute at a time from the processing start time to the vehicle use start time (step S251). In the processing of the loop L21, since the amount of raising that has not been obtained remains, it is subtracted from the value at each time calculated in the loop L21.
Specifically, charging planning unit 163 subtracts the required amount of raising (that is, the amount of raising that has not been obtained) from the SOC at the time to be processed in loop L22 (step S252).
Then, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L22 has been completed for all the portions to be processed, and transitions according to the determination result (step S253). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of loop L22 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S251, and the loop L22 is continued for the unprocessed portion.

After completing the loop L22 in step S253, the charging planning unit 163 performs the processing of the loop L23 in which the processing is performed one minute at a time from the vehicle use start time to the processing end time (step S261). In the processing of loop L21, the obtained amount of raising is also reflected in the SOC after the vehicle use start time.
Specifically, the charging planning unit 163 adds (raising amount−necessary raising amount) to the SOC at the time to be processed in the loop L23 (step S262).

Then, the charging planning unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L23 has been completed for all the portions to be processed, and transitions according to the determination result (step S263). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of loop L23 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S261, and the loop L23 is continued for the unprocessed portion.
After the loop L23 ends in step S263, the process of FIG. 17 ends.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a procedure for the discharge suppression planning unit 164 to perform post-peak processing. The discharge suppression planning unit 164 performs the process of FIG. 18 in step S133 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 18, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 first generates a schedule that considers discharge prohibition until immediately after the maximum peak time (step S301). Processing performed by the discharge suppression planning unit 164 in step S301 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing an example of a schedule that considers discharge prohibition until just after the maximum peak time. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates SOC.
A line L61 shows an example of change in the SOC of the storage battery 201 according to the schedule before prohibition of discharge is considered. In the example of the line L61, the SOC reaches the maximum peak storage amount V61 at time T61. Also, vehicle 200 is scheduled to be used from time T62 to T63 and from time T64 to T65. Before the processing end time (23:00), the last time the vehicle was used (time T65), the stored electricity amount was smaller than the minimum stored electricity amount SOCmin. is expected.

On the other hand, line L62 shows an example of a change in the SOC of storage battery 201 according to a schedule that matches the storage amount at the end of vehicle use (time T65) before the processing end time to match the storage amount minimum value SOCmin, and also takes into account the prohibition of discharging. show. In the example of line L62, discharge is prohibited at times other than when the vehicle is in use in the time period from the maximum peak time (time T61) to the final vehicle use end time (time T65) before the process end time. Specifically, discharge is prohibited from time T61 to T62 and from time T63 to T64.
In this manner, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 prohibits discharge at times other than when the vehicle is in use in the time period from the maximum peak time to the last vehicle use end time (time T65) before the processing end time. Generate a schedule.

In the example of FIG. 19, when the prohibition of discharge is taken into consideration, the storage amount V62 at the first start of use of the vehicle after the maximum peak (time T62) is equal to or less than the maximum peak storage amount V61 before the prohibition of discharge. This indicates that if discharge is prohibited, power shortage during vehicle use can be avoided without recharging.
On the other hand, if the amount of electricity stored at the time the vehicle is first used after the maximum peak time is greater than the maximum peak amount of electricity stored before the prohibition of discharge, the power shortage during vehicle use is avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to plan new charging and discharging.

Returning to FIG. 18, after step S301, discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines whether or not the SOC at the start of vehicle use is greater than the peak SOC (maximum peak power storage amount) (step S302).
If it is determined that the SOC at the start of vehicle use is higher than the SOC at the peak (step S302: YES), that is, if new charging is required, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 sets the required amount of inflation to A value obtained by subtracting the SOC at the peak time from the SOC at the hour is set (step S311).
Then, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 starts a loop L31 in which the processing is reversed by one minute from the vehicle use start time to the peak time (step S321).

The processes in steps S322, S331 to S333, S341 and S342 are the same as the processes in steps S212, S221 to S223, S231 and S241 of FIG. 17, respectively.
After completing the loop L31 in step S342, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 performs the processing of the loop L32 in which the processing is performed one minute at a time from the maximum peak time to the processing end time (step S351).

Then, discharge suppression planning unit 164 subtracts the required amount of raising (that is, the amount of raising that has not been obtained) from the SOC at the time to be processed in loop L32 (step S352).
Then, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines whether or not the processing of loop L32 has been completed for all the portions to be processed, and transitions according to the determination result (step S353). If it is determined that the processing has been completed for all minutes, the processing of FIG. 18 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S351, and the loop L32 is continued for the unprocessed portion.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S302 that the SOC at the start of use of the vehicle is equal to or less than the peak SOC (maximum peak storage amount) (step S302: NO), discharge is prohibited even if new charging is not performed. If possible, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 does not change the SOC from the processing start time until the vehicle use start SOC, and then generates a schedule considering discharge prohibition (step S361). Processing performed by the discharge suppression planning unit 164 in step S361 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 20 is a graph showing an example of a schedule in which there is no change from the processing start time until the vehicle use start SOC is reached, and discharge is prohibited thereafter. FIG. 20 shows an example of a schedule generated by the discharge suppression planning unit 164 based on the processing results in the example of FIG. The horizontal axis of FIG. 20 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates SOC.

In the example of FIG. 20, the amount of stored electricity in the schedule considering the prohibition of discharge at the first vehicle use start time T62 after the maximum peak time T61 is V62. Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 does not change the schedule (that is, the schedule before consideration of discharge prohibition (see line L61 in FIG. 19)) until time T71 when the charged amount reaches V62. On the other hand, after time T71, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 makes a schedule (see line L62 in FIG. 19) that considers discharge prohibition.

In this way, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 generates a schedule that does not change from the processing start time until the SOC at which the vehicle starts to be used, and then generates a schedule that considers discharge prohibition, thereby avoiding power shortage during vehicle use. and, to the extent possible, discharge of the storage battery 201 can be allowed to reduce the use of externally supplied power during high-value periods.

Returning to FIG. 18, after step S361, the process of FIG. 18 ends.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S333 that the required amount of raising is 0 or less (step S333: YES), the discharge suppression planning unit 164 prohibits discharge from the peak time until the required amount of raising is secured ( step S381). After that, the process of FIG. 18 ends.

As described above, the maximum stored electricity amount adjustment unit 150 uses the externally supplied electric power in the time period when the electricity rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the stored electricity amount for each time becomes the predetermined maximum stored electricity amount SOCmax. charging of the storage battery 201 is planned.
Then, the storage battery amount adjusting unit 160 adjusts the storage battery 201 so that the storage amount at the end of the outside use, which is the storage amount of the storage battery 201 at the scheduled termination time of the use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than the predetermined minimum storage amount SOCmin. Plan charging and discharging.
As a result, power shortage can be avoided when power is supplied from one storage battery 201 to the power load 400 and the storage battery 201 is also used outside the facility, such as when the vehicle 200 travels.

Further, when the adjustment necessity determining unit 161 determines that the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 needs to be adjusted for use outside the facility, the before/after determining unit 162 determines that the scheduled end time for use outside the facility is the maximum amount of power stored in the storage battery. It is determined whether or not it is earlier than the time that becomes.
Then, when the before-and-after determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the time when the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 reaches its maximum, the charging planning unit 163 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power. do. On the other hand, when the before-and-after determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is after the time when the amount of power stored in the storage battery reaches its maximum, suppression of discharge of the storage battery 201 is planned.
As a result, the power management apparatus 100 can select an appropriate raising method (method for securing the amount of stored electricity necessary for use outside the facility) according to the timing of the usage outside the facility and the timing of the peak of the stored electricity amount.

More specifically, when the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility can be increased by increasing the amount of charge during the low cost period. By charging during the low-cost period, the electricity bill can be kept relatively low. That is, the charge planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 during the low-cost period, so that the electricity charge can be kept relatively low and the amount of stored electricity necessary for use outside the facility can be secured.
Further, when the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is after the maximum peak time, even if the amount of charge during the low cost period is increased, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility cannot be increased. In this case, it is simpler to supply the externally supplied power directly to the power load 400 than to temporarily store it in the storage battery 201 and then supply it to the power load 400, and there is no loss due to charge/discharge. Therefore, by suppressing the discharge of the storage battery 201, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 can avoid loss due to unnecessary charge/discharge and secure the required amount of stored power when the battery is used outside the facility.

In addition, the charging planning unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time period retroactive to the scheduled start time of use outside the facility as the charging end time, and the time width of the time period is the time width during which the stored electricity amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum stored electricity amount SOCmin.
Accordingly, the charging planning unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in the time zone immediately before the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility. By delaying the charging timing, the charging planning unit 163 can reduce the charging amount when the power consumption of the power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management device 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

Power management device 100 is particularly effective when the total amount of power consumed by vehicle use for one day is less than or equal to the storage amount of storage battery 201 (maximum storage amount SOCmax−minimum storage amount SOCmin). If the power used by the vehicle exceeds the amount of stored electricity, it can be dealt with by causing the charge/discharge control unit 170 to immediately charge the storage battery 201 when it becomes possible to charge it.

Note that if there is a plan to use outside the facility beyond 23:00 (the start time of the low-price period), the outside-use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 may process the use as use until 23:00.
For example, if there is a plan to use 3 kilowatt hours (kwh) from 22:30 to 23:30, it may be rearranged so as to use 3 kilowatt hours from 22:30 to 23:00. This makes it easier for the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 to make a plan.

In addition, if there is a plan to use outside the facility after 23:00, the power storage amount adjustment unit 160 for outside use compares the planned power amount to be used with the amount of power that can be charged by the scheduled start time of use outside the facility. If the planned power amount > the chargeable power amount, the difference between the planned use power amount and the chargeable power amount is added to the last planned use power amount of the vehicle until 23:00 to charge the vehicle in advance. good too. Similar processing may be performed for the next vehicle schedule.
Note that the minimum charge amount SOCmin may be a slightly larger value that includes a prediction error margin in addition to the value set based on the performance of the storage battery 201 .

<Second embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the charging planning unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power during the expensive period so that the charging is performed just before the use outside the facility (as late as possible).
On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the charging planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 as early as possible. Specifically, the charging planning unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time period in which the charging start time is the start time of the charging/discharging plan target time period. The time width of the band is the time width in which the stored electricity amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum stored electricity amount.
In this way, the charging planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 as early as possible, so that even if the capacity of the storage battery 201 is expected to be insufficient, such as when the amount of power generation of the storage battery 201 is less than expected, the charge planning unit 163 can easily charge the storage battery 201. The storage battery 201 can be charged, and power shortages during use outside the facility can be more reliably avoided.
Otherwise, it is the same as the first embodiment.

<Third Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, when the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility or is scheduled to be used outside the facility, the charge/discharge control unit 170 controls the storage battery 201 and the power load 400, the natural energy power generator 300, or the externally supplied power. It was set to standby mode in which charging and discharging are not performed between
On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the charge/discharge control unit 170 selects the charge mode when the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility or when the use outside the facility is scheduled. Specifically, when the charge/discharge control unit 170 detects that the storage battery 201 is connected during the period from the scheduled start time of use outside the facility to the scheduled end time of use outside the facility, the charge/discharge control unit 170 detects that the storage battery 201 is connected using the externally supplied power. charge the battery.
That is, the charge/discharge control unit 170 immediately starts charging when the battery becomes connectable to the natural energy power generation device 300 or external power supply. As a result, it is possible to charge the storage battery 201 more quickly, and it becomes easier to deal with unscheduled use of the storage battery 201 .
Otherwise, it is the same as the first embodiment.
Note that the second embodiment and the third embodiment may be combined for implementation.

By recording a program for realizing all or part of the functions of power management apparatus 100 in a computer-readable recording medium, and causing a computer system to read and execute the program recorded in this recording medium, Each part may be processed. It should be noted that the "computer system" referred to here includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices.
The "computer system" also includes the home page providing environment (or display environment) if the WWW system is used.
The term "computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible discs, magneto-optical discs, ROMs and CD-ROMs, and storage devices such as hard discs incorporated in computer systems. Furthermore, "computer-readable recording medium" means a medium that dynamically retains a program for a short period of time, like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. It also includes those that hold programs for a certain period of time, such as volatile memories inside computer systems that serve as servers and clients in that case. Further, the program may be for realizing part of the functions described above, or may be capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and design changes and the like are also included within the scope of the present invention.

100 power management device 110 outside use schedule acquisition unit 120 power consumption prediction acquisition unit 130 generated power prediction acquisition unit 140 power storage amount prediction calculation unit 150 maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 160 power storage amount adjustment unit for outside facility use 161 adjustment necessity determination unit 162 Forward/backward determining unit 163 Charging planning unit 164 Discharge suppression planning unit 170 Charging/discharging control unit 200 Vehicle 201 Storage battery 300 Natural energy power generator 400 Power load

Claims (3)

A power management device that manages power in a facility that includes a power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery, and controls charging and discharging of the storage battery,
a first mode in which the storage battery is charged by the power generated by the power generation device and the externally supplied power;
When the power generated by the power generation device is greater than the power consumed by the power load and surplus power is generated, the storage battery is charged with the surplus power, and the generated power is less than or equal to the power consumption of the power load, and the power is a second mode in which the storage battery is discharged to the power load when there is a shortage;
and a third mode in which the storage battery is not charged or discharged,
The first to third modes are switchable,
The power management device sets the charging in the first mode by prioritizing a time period in which the electricity rate of the externally supplied power is inexpensive over a time period in which the electricity rate of the externally supplied power is expensive, thereby reducing the electricity rate of the externally supplied power. While reducing charging during expensive time periods, in any mode, the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery is managed so that it is equal to or greater than the minimum amount of electricity stored at the scheduled end time of the use of the storage battery outside the facility, and the first The mode and the second mode that operates in a time zone different from the first mode can be set to different time zones in a day, and regardless of the settings, the third mode is set while the storage battery is being used outside the facility. A power management device characterized by: The power management device determines that the amount of power stored in the storage battery is equal to or greater than the amount of power used during the use of the storage battery outside the facility plus the minimum amount of power stored by the scheduled start time of use of the storage battery outside the facility. 2. The power management device according to claim 1, which manages charging of the storage battery so as to The power management device determines that the storage amount of the storage battery is equal to or greater than the storage amount obtained by adding the minimum storage amount to the amount of power used while the storage battery is used outside the facility by the scheduled start time of use of the storage battery outside the facility. 2. The power management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein management is performed so as to prohibit discharge of the storage battery so as to

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