JP7300894B2 - locking mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to locking mechanisms.

In a seismic isolation structure in which the lower structure below the seismic isolation layer and the upper structure above the seismic isolation layer can move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, the upper structure can be displaced by installing laminated rubber or sliding bearings on the seismic isolation layer. It is characterized by the fact that the period of the structure can be lengthened and the seismic force acting on the upper structure can be greatly reduced. This performance becomes more pronounced as the rigidity of the seismic isolation layer decreases.
For this reason, a lock mechanism is used to suppress the relative displacement between the lower and upper structures when wind load is applied, and to allow the relative displacement between the lower and upper structures by exerting the seismic isolation function when seismic force is applied. It has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example).

In the lock mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 1, when a wind load is applied, electric power generated by a windmill installed in the building is used to pull up a steel adsorption plate provided in the lower structure with an electromagnet provided in the upper structure. The steel suction plate and the annular reinforcing steel plate of the locking hole provided in the lower structure are brought into contact with each other, thereby suppressing the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure.

In the lock mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 2, when a wind load is applied, the hydraulic jack is extended by a hydraulic pressure generator (pump) installed in the lower structure, and the slide bearing fixed to the hydraulic jack is fixed to the upper structure. Frictional resistance is generated between the sliding bearing and the friction material by pressing against the friction material, thereby suppressing the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure.

JP-A-2006-233701 JP-A-2004-263430

However, in the lock mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 1, the attractive force of the electromagnet is small in the amount of power generated by the wind turbine when the upper structure starts to displace when the wind load is applied, and the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure. is difficult to suppress. Further, when the electromagnet tries to attract the steel attraction plate after the building has moved due to wind, earthquake, or the like, there is a risk that the electromagnet and the steel attraction plate will be misaligned and the electromagnet will not be able to attract the steel attraction plate.

Further, in the lock mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 2, the lock load depends on the frictional resistance (jack reaction force P×friction coefficient μ), so it is necessary to increase the jack reaction force in order to increase the lock load. However, since the jack is arranged in parallel with the seismic isolation device, the jack reaction force not only causes stress in the upper structure and the lower structure, but also reduces the axial force acting on the seismic isolation device. Therefore, it is necessary to install the lock mechanism in a place where the axial force of the seismic isolation device is large and the fluctuation is small, and it is difficult to select the installation place of the lock mechanism.

Therefore, the present invention allows the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure when the seismic force due to a large earthquake acts, and the lower structure when the seismic force or wind load smaller than the seismic force due to the large earthquake acts. An object of the present invention is to provide a lock mechanism capable of suppressing relative displacement between an upper structure and an upper structure.

In order to achieve the above objects, a locking mechanism according to the present invention is provided in a seismic isolation layer between a lower structure and an upper structure capable of relatively displacing in the horizontal direction. In the lock mechanism for suppressing relative displacement in the horizontal direction of the lower structure, a first arm coupled to the lower structure so as to be relatively rotatable about a first vertical axis; a second arm coupled to be relatively rotatable about a second vertical axis and relatively rotatably connected to the first arm about a third vertical axis; a friction material capable of imparting frictional resistance to relative rotation about the third vertical axis with the second arm; and the third vertical axis between the first arm and the second arm by the friction material A lock that regulates the value of the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm to constrain the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis. and a frictional resistance switching portion for switching between a state and a permitted unlocked state, wherein the frictional resistance switching portion is provided with an upper disc spring, a lower disc spring, and a jack, and the friction In the resistance switching section, the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring, the jack, the first arm, and the second arm are connected by bolts and nuts, and the frictional resistance switching section includes: A jack capable of pressing the friction material against each of the first arm and the second arm is provided, and the jack is driven to adjust the force of pressing the friction material against each of the first arm and the second arm. It is characterized by being configured to

In the present invention, the frictional resistance switching unit increases the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis by the friction material to bring the locked state. Thus, relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure can be suppressed. Further, the frictional resistance switching unit reduces the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis by the friction material to bring about the unlocked state. , a relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure can be allowed.
Therefore, in normal times, the unlocked state allows the lower structure and the upper structure to be displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction, and can function as a seismic isolation layer.
In addition, when a wind load is applied, the locked state can suppress the horizontal relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby reducing the shaking of the upper structure due to the wind load. be able to.
Furthermore, when a large earthquake occurs or is predicted to occur in the locked state, the unlocked state allows the lower structure and the upper structure to move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, thereby functioning as a seismic isolation layer. can be done. In addition, when a large earthquake acts before unlocking, the locking mechanism functions as a friction damper, and by applying hysteresis damping, displacement of the seismic isolation layer can be suppressed.
Further, the frictional resistance switching unit is configured to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state by adjusting the value of the frictional resistance against the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis. Therefore, compared to a locking mechanism that applies an external force to the upper structure and lower structure to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state, excessive stress is generated in the upper structure and lower structure, and stress is avoided. It does not change the axial force of the seismic isolation device installed in the seismic layer.

Further , with such a configuration, the jack is driven to press the friction material against the first arm and the second arm, and the first arm and the second arm move relative to each other around the third vertical axis. The locked state can be achieved by increasing the frictional resistance against rotation, and the first arm and the second arm can be moved relative to each other around the third vertical axis without pressing the friction material against the first arm and the second arm. The unlocked state can be achieved by eliminating or almost eliminating the frictional resistance against the actual rotation. Therefore, the lock mechanism can easily switch between the locked state and the unlocked state.
In addition, if the jack can be driven remotely from the control room instead of being operated on the seismic isolation layer, the operator can switch between the locked state and the unlocked state without moving to the seismic isolation layer. be able to.

Further, the locking mechanism according to the present invention is provided in a seismic isolation layer between a lower structure and an upper structure capable of relatively displacing in the horizontal direction. In a lock mechanism for suppressing displacement, a first arm is connected to the lower structure so as to be relatively rotatable about a first vertical axis, and a first arm is connected to the upper structure about a second vertical axis. and a second arm connected relatively rotatably to and relatively rotatably connected to the first arm about a third vertical axis; and the first arm and the lower structure. Frictional resistance can be applied to relative rotation about the first vertical axis or to relative rotation of the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis. and a value of frictional resistance applied by the friction material to the relative rotation of the first arm and the lower structure about the first vertical axis, 1 arm and the lower structure are switched between a locked state in which relative rotation about the first vertical axis is restricted and an unlocked state in which the relative rotation is allowed, or the friction material is used to switch between the second arm and the lower structure. By adjusting the value of the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation about the second vertical axis with the upper structure, the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis and a frictional resistance switching unit that switches between a locked state that restricts the relative rotation of the two and an unlocked state that allows it, and the frictional resistance switching unit includes an upper disc spring and a lower disc spring. , a jack, and a first arm mounting plate connected to the lower structure, and the frictional resistance switching portion includes the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring, the jack, and the first arm. , and the first arm mounting plate are connected by bolts and nuts, or the frictional resistance switching portion is connected to an upper disc spring, a lower disc spring, a jack, and the upper structure. A second arm mounting plate is provided, and in the frictional resistance switching portion, the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring, the jack, the second arm, and the second arm mounting plate are connected by bolts and The friction resistance switching part is connected by a nut, and the friction resistance switching part is connected to each of the first arm and the upper structure between which the friction material is provided, or to each of the second arm and the lower structure. said jack capable of pressing a material, said jack being actuated to either said first arm and said upper structure between which said friction material is provided, or said second arm and said lower structure; and a force for pressing the friction material against each of them can be adjusted .

In the present invention, the frictional resistance switching portion is configured to rotate the first arm and the lower structure relative to each other about the first vertical axis or the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis by the friction material. Relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure can be suppressed by increasing the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the upper structure and the locked state. In addition, the frictional resistance switching portion is configured to rotate the first arm and the lower structure relative to each other about the first vertical axis or rotate the second arm and the upper structure relatively to each other about the second vertical axis. Relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure can be allowed by reducing the frictional resistance applied to the dynamic rotation to bring about the unlocked state.
Therefore, in normal times, the unlocked state allows the lower structure and the upper structure to be displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction, and can function as a seismic isolation layer.
In addition, when a wind load is applied, the locked state can suppress the horizontal relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby reducing the shaking of the upper structure due to the wind load. be able to.
Furthermore, when a large earthquake occurs or is predicted to occur in the locked state, the unlocked state allows the lower structure and the upper structure to move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, thereby functioning as a seismic isolation layer. can be done. In addition, when a large earthquake acts before unlocking, the locking mechanism functions as a friction damper, and by applying hysteresis damping, displacement of the seismic isolation layer can be suppressed.
In addition, the frictional resistance switching unit is configured to rotate the first arm and the lower structure relative to each other about the first vertical axis, or to rotate the second arm and the upper structure relatively to each other about the second vertical axis. Since it is configured to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state by adjusting the value of the frictional resistance to Compared to the locking mechanism, it does not cause excessive stress to the upper structure or lower structure, and does not change the axial force of the seismic isolation device installed on the seismic isolation layer.

Further , with such a configuration, the jack is driven to press the friction material against the first arm and the lower structure, or the second arm and the upper structure, so that the first arm and the lower structure The locked state can be achieved by increasing frictional resistance against relative rotation about the first vertical axis or relative rotation between the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis, relative rotation of the first arm and the lower structure about the first vertical axis, or the second arm and the lower structure, without forcing the friction material against the first arm and the lower structure or the second arm and the upper structure; The unlocked state can be achieved by eliminating or almost eliminating the frictional resistance against the relative rotation with respect to the upper structure about the second vertical axis. Therefore, the lock mechanism can easily switch between the locked state and the unlocked state.
In addition, if the jack can be driven remotely from the control room instead of being operated on the seismic isolation layer, the operator can switch between the locked state and the unlocked state without moving to the seismic isolation layer. be able to.

According to the present invention, the relative displacement between the lower structure and the upper structure is allowed when the seismic force due to a large earthquake acts, and the lower structure when the seismic force or wind load smaller than the seismic force due to the large earthquake acts. and the upper structure can be suppressed.

1 is a front view showing an example of a lock mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention in an unlocked state; FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a lock mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. It is a front view showing a lock mechanism in a locked state. FIG. 11 is a front view showing an example of a lock mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention in an unlocked state;

(First embodiment)
A lock mechanism 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the lock mechanism 1 according to this embodiment is provided on the base isolation layer 13 of the base isolation structure 14 together with a base isolation device (not shown). The seismic isolation layer 13 is provided between the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 . The lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 are configured to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction. The lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 face each other with a gap in the vertical direction.
When a wind load acts on the seismic isolation structure 14 or when a seismic force caused by a small earthquake of the same level as the wind load acts on the seismic isolation structure 14, the lock mechanism 1 prevents displacement of the seismic isolation layer 13 (upper structure 12 and lower part). horizontal relative displacement with the structure 11).
In this embodiment, a plurality of lock mechanisms 1 are provided on the seismic isolation layer 13 at intervals in the horizontal direction.
The seismic isolation device is composed of a seismic isolation bearing such as a rolling bearing, a laminated rubber bearing, or a sliding bearing.

In the following explanation of the lock mechanism 1, it is assumed that the seismic isolation structure 14 is not subjected to wind load or seismic force. A state in which seismic force due to a predetermined large earthquake acts on the seismic isolation structure 14 is defined as a large earthquake, and a state in which a wind load of a predetermined value or less is applied is defined as a wind load state. The predetermined value of the wind load described above is an arbitrarily determined value that is set to a value smaller than the seismic force due to a large earthquake.
It is assumed that the seismic isolation layer 13 behaves in substantially the same manner as when a wind load acts under a seismic force that is smaller than the seismic force caused by a large earthquake.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lock mechanism 1 includes a first arm 2 coupled to the lower structure 11 so as to be relatively rotatable about a first vertical axis 61, and an upper structure 12. a second arm 3 connected relatively rotatably about a second vertical axis 62 and relatively rotatably connected to the first arm 2 about a third vertical axis 63; A friction material 4 provided between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 and capable of imparting frictional resistance to the relative rotation of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 about the third vertical axis 63. and a frictional resistance switching unit 5 for switching the value of the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 about the third vertical axis 63 by the friction material 4. have.
The frictional resistance switching unit 5 includes an upper disk spring 51, a lower disk spring 52, a hydraulic center hole jack 53 (jack), and a hydraulic pump 54 connected to the center hole jack 53 to expand and contract the center hole jack 53. and have
In the first embodiment, the frictional resistance switching portion 5 is attached to the connecting portion 64 between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 .

The first arm 2 has two first arm plates 21 .
The two first arm plates 21 have the same shape, and each plate surface is formed in a long plate shape. The two first arm plates 21 are arranged so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction so that the plate surfaces thereof are oriented in the horizontal direction.
The first arm plate 21 has one longitudinal end (referred to as a first end 211) connected to the lower structure 11, and the other longitudinal end (referred to as a second end 212) connected to the second end. It is connected with arm 3 .

The lower structure 11 has a lower structure main body 111 (see FIG. 1) such as a foundation, and a first arm mounting portion 112 connected to the upper side of the lower structure main body 111 . The first arm mounting portion 112 includes a first projecting portion 113 projecting upward from the upper surface of the lower structure main body 111 toward the seismic isolation layer 13 and two first arms projecting horizontally from the first projecting portion 113 . and an arm mounting plate 114 .
The two first arm mounting plates 114 have the same shape and are each formed in a flat plate shape. The two first arm mounting plates 114 are arranged so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction so that the plate surfaces thereof are oriented in the horizontal direction.

In the first arm 2 and the lower structure 11, two first arm plates 21 near the first end 211 and two first arm mounting plates 114 are alternately stacked one by one in the vertical direction. connected in a state. The first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 are connected to each other so as to be relatively rotatable about the axis of the first rotation pin 22 by the first rotation pin 22 penetrating through them in the vertical direction. . The axis of the first rotation pin 22 connecting the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 is the first vertical shaft 61 .

The second arm 3 has three second arm plates 31 .
The three second arm plates 31 have the same shape, and each plate surface is formed in a long plate shape. The three second arm plates 31 are arranged so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction so that the plate surfaces thereof are oriented in the horizontal direction.
The second arm plate 31 has one longitudinal end (first end 311) connected to the lower structure 11 and the other longitudinal end (second end 312). It is connected with arm 2 .

The upper structure 12 has an upper structure main body 121 (see FIG. 1), which is a structure above the foundation, and a second arm mounting portion 122 connected to the lower side of the upper structure main body 121. ing. The second arm mounting portion 122 includes a second projecting portion 123 projecting downward from the lower surface of the upper structure main body 121 toward the seismic isolation layer 13 and two second arms projecting horizontally from the second projecting portion 123 . and a two-arm mounting plate 124 .
The second arm mounting plates 124 have the same shape and are each formed in a flat plate shape. The two second arm attachment plates 124 are arranged so as to overlap each other in the up-down direction so that the plate surfaces thereof are oriented in the horizontal direction.

In the second arm 3 and the upper structure 12, three second arm plates 31 near the first ends 311 and two second arm mounting plates 124 are alternately stacked one by one in the vertical direction. connected in a state. The second arm plate 31 and the second arm attachment plate 124 are connected to each other so as to be relatively rotatable about the axis of the second rotation pin 32 by the second rotation pin 32 vertically penetrating them. . The second vertical shaft 62 is the axis of the second rotation pin 32 that connects the second arm plate 31 and the second arm mounting plate 124 .

The first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are configured such that the two first arm plates 21 near the second ends 212 and the three second arm plates 31 near the second ends 312 are arranged vertically one by one. They are connected in a state of being alternately overlapped via the friction material 4 . The two first arm plates 21 and the three second arm plates 31 are arranged alternately in the vertical direction so that the second arm plates 31 are arranged at the top and bottom in the vertical direction.

The friction member 4 is formed in a disc shape and arranged so as to overlap the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 . One of the upper surface and the lower surface of the friction material 4 is in contact with the first arm plate 21 , and the other surface is in contact with the first arm plate 21 .
When the friction material 4 is pressed against the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31, the relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 around the third vertical axis 63 causes the friction member 4 to rotate. It is configured to provide frictional resistance against the
When the friction material 4 is in contact with the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 without being pressed, the relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 about the third vertical axis 63 is controlled. It is configured to impart no or almost no frictional resistance to movement.
The friction material 4 is configured to be pressed against the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 by driving the center hole jack 53 . Driving of the center hole jack 53 will be described later.

Above the uppermost second arm plate 31, a plurality of upper disc springs 51 are provided so as to overlap each other. A center hole jack 53 is provided above the plurality of upper disc springs 51 . A plurality of lower disc springs 52 are provided under the lowermost second arm plate 31 so as to overlap each other.
The center hole jack 53 has a cylindrical cylinder 55 and a cylindrical rod 56 that is inserted into the cylinder 55 and can be inserted into and removed from the cylinder 55 . The center hole jack 53 is installed on the upper disc spring 51 so that the axial direction is the vertical direction. The center hole jack 53 can move up and down between a posture in which the rod 56 projects upward with respect to the cylinder 55 and a posture in which the rod 56 is inserted into the cylinder 55 .

The hydraulic pump 54 connected to the center hole jack 53 is installed, for example, on the upper structure 12, the lower structure 11, the seismic isolation layer 13, etc. so as not to interfere with the seismic isolation device. By installing the hydraulic pump 54 on the seismic isolation layer 13, the distance between the hydraulic pump 54 and the center hole jack 53 is reduced, and the connecting pipe 541 can be shortened or the bent portion of the pipe 541 can be reduced. can be done. As a result, the lock mechanism 1 can be inexpensively and easily constructed, and can be easily maintained.
If the pipe 541 that connects the hydraulic pump 54 and the center hole jack 53 has few bends, a less flexible and inexpensive pipe can be used for the pipe 541. cost can be reduced.

The first arm plate 21, the second arm plate 31, the lower disc spring 52 of the friction member 4, the upper disc spring 51, and the center hole jack 53, which are arranged to overlap each other in the vertical direction, are bolted through them in the vertical direction. 65 and a nut 66 (see FIG. 1) fastened to the bolt 65 is connected.
The head 651 of the bolt 65 faces the upper side of the threaded portion 652, and the nut 66 is screwed onto the threaded portion from below. A head of a bolt 65 is arranged on the rod 56 of the center hole jack 53 , and a nut 66 is arranged below the lower disk spring 52 .

The inner diameter of the rod 56 is set larger than the diameter of the threaded portion 652 of the bolt 65 and smaller than the diameter of the head of the bolt 65 . A head 651 of the bolt 65 is arranged on the rod 56 so that the head 651 of the bolt 65 does not enter the inside of the rod 56 .
As described above, the upper disc spring 51 is provided above the first arm plate 21, the second arm plate 31, and the friction member 4, which are arranged in overlap, and the lower disc spring 52 is provided below. there is As a result, fluctuations in the axial force transmitted to the first arm plate 21, the second arm plate 31, and the friction member 4 by the tightening force of the bolt 65 and nut 66 are suppressed.

The first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 are configured to be relatively rotatable about the axis of the bolt 65 and nut 66 . The axes of the bolts 65 and nuts 66 connecting the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 correspond to the third vertical shaft 63 .

The first arm 2 and the second arm 3 relatively rotate about the third vertical axis 63 when the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. At this time, the first arm 2 rotates relative to the lower structure 11 around the first vertical axis 61, and the second arm 3 rotates relative to the upper structure 12 around the second vertical axis 62. Rotate. As a result, the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 follow the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 while changing the angle between them in plan view.

The first end of the first arm 2 (the end connected to the lower structure 11) and the second end of the second arm 3 (the end connected to the upper structure 12) and are pulled away from each other, and the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are arranged on the same straight line and pulled from each other. Tensile strength is set to be the same value.
As described above, the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 differ in the numbers of the first arm plates 21 and the second arm plates 31 . Therefore, for example, when the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 are made of the same material, the value obtained by combining the cross-sectional areas of the two first arm plates 21 and the cross-sectional area of the three second arm plates 31 It is set to the same value as the sum of the cross-sectional areas.

The frictional resistance switching unit 5 is configured to drive the center hole jack 53 by operating the hydraulic pump 54 to move the rod 56 up and down with respect to the cylinder 55 .
As shown in FIG. 3 , when the rod 56 rises with respect to the cylinder 55 , the head 651 of the bolt 65 is pushed by the rod 56 from below, and the bolt 65 and nut 66 rise with respect to the cylinder 55 . When the nut 66 comes into contact with the lower disk spring 52 and presses the lower disk spring 52, tension is generated in the bolt 65, and the first arm plate 21, the second arm plate 31, the friction material 4, and the upper disk. The spring 51 and the lower disk spring 52 are pressed upward against the nut 66 .

As a result, the friction material 4 is pressed against the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 (hereinafter referred to as a locked state).
In the locked state, when the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 try to rotate relative to each other around the third vertical axis 63 , the first arm plate 21 and the friction material 4 of the second arm plate 31 interfere with each other. Friction resistance constrains relative rotation.
Hereinafter, in the locked state, the frictional resistance received from the friction material 4 when the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 rotate relative to each other about the third vertical axis 63 is referred to as "frictional resistance". write.

When the rod 56 descends with respect to the cylinder 55 as shown in FIG. 1 from the state of the lock mechanism 1 , the bolt 65 and the nut 66 descend with respect to the cylinder 55 together with the rod 56 . The tension of the bolt 65 and nut 66 is reduced, and the first arm plate 21, the second arm plate 31 and the friction member 4 are not pressed upward.
As a result, the friction member 4 is not pushed against the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 (hereinafter referred to as an unlocked state).
In the unlocked state, there is no or almost no frictional resistance, and the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 receive almost no frictional resistance from the friction material 4 and move relative to each other around the third vertical axis 63 . rotatable.
1 shows the lock mechanism 1 in the unlocked state, and FIG. 3 shows the lock mechanism 1 in the locked state.

In the lock mechanism 1 in the unlocked state, the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 are relatively rotatable about the first vertical shaft 61, and the second arm plate 31 and the second arm mounting plate 124 are rotated. are relatively rotatable about the second vertical axis 62 , and the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 are relatively rotatable about the third vertical axis 63 .
Therefore, when the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction in the unlocked state, the first arm 2 rotates about the first vertical shaft 61 and the third vertical shaft 63, and the second vertical shaft 63 rotates. Arm 3 rotates around second vertical axis 62 and third vertical axis 63 . As a result, the lock mechanism 1 in the unlocked state follows the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11, and restricts the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11. do not.

In the lock mechanism 1 in the locked state, the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 are relatively rotatable about the first vertical shaft 61, and the second arm plate 31 and the second arm mounting plate 124 are rotated. are relatively rotatable about the second vertical axis 62 , but the relative rotation about the third vertical axis 63 of the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 is restrained.
Therefore, in the locked state, the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are fixed, and when the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction, the fixed first arm 2 and the second arm 3 rotates around the first vertical axis 61 and the second vertical axis 62 . In this case as well, the lock mechanism 1 is displaced following the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11, but the displaceable range is smaller than in the unlocked state. Thereby, the lock mechanism 1 in the locked state regulates and suppresses the horizontal relative displacement between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 .

In the lock mechanism of the present embodiment, when the moment between the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 about the third vertical axis 63 reaches a value that can resist the above-described frictional resistance force, the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 are configured to be relatively rotatable about the third vertical axis 63 while receiving frictional resistance.
Hereinafter, the moment about the third vertical axis 63 between the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 is referred to as "moment".

As described above, the frictional resistance switching unit 5 is configured to move the rod 56 up and down to adjust the tension generated in the bolt 65, adjust the value of the frictional resistance, and switch between the locked state and the unlocked state. .
In this embodiment, the base isolation layer 13 is set to function as the base isolation layer 13 by suppressing the displacement of the base isolation layer 13 when a wind load is applied and allowing the displacement of the base isolation layer 13 when a large earthquake occurs.
The value of the frictional resistance is the relative value of the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 around the third vertical axis 63 due to the moment generated by the wind load of a predetermined value acting on the seismic isolation structure 14. Rotation can be restrained, and the relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 about the third vertical axis 63 due to the moment generated by the large seismic force acting on the seismic isolation structure 14. dynamics are set to acceptable values.

The lock mechanism 1 is normally set in an unlocked state. Therefore, when a large earthquake occurs, the lock mechanism 1 can function as the seismic isolation layer 13 without suppressing deformation of the seismic isolation layer 13 .
When it is predicted that a wind load will act under normal conditions, the lock mechanism 1 is switched from the unlocked state to the locked state. As a result, the deformation of the base isolation layer 13 is suppressed, and the shaking that occurs in the upper structure 12 due to the wind load can be reduced.
When it is determined that the wind load no longer acts in the locked state, the lock mechanism 1 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state to allow the seismic isolation layer 13 to deform.

When a large earthquake occurs or is predicted in the locked state, the lock mechanism 1 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state to allow the deformation of the seismic isolation layer 13 to function as the seismic isolation layer 13. - 特許庁
The operation of switching the locking mechanism 1 between the unlocked state and the locked state can be remotely operated from a control room separated from the seismic isolation layer 13 .
Further, in the locked state, the lock mechanism 1 may be configured to automatically switch to the unlocked state when a large earthquake occurs or is predicted.

When a large earthquake occurs or is predicted in the locked state, the lock mechanism 1 may be immediately switched to the unlocked state, but remains in the locked state for the first predetermined time and then switched to the unlocked state. You may do so.
Even if a large earthquake occurs in the locked state, if the locked state is maintained without switching to the unlocked state, the moment becomes larger than a predetermined value. It rotates relatively around the third vertical axis 63 while receiving frictional resistance from 4 .
As a result, the lock mechanism 1 functions as a rotational friction damper, and the seismic isolation structure 14 is added with a hysteresis damping function. The safety of the seismic isolation structure 14 is ensured even in this way.

In addition, even if a large earthquake occurs or is predicted in the locked state, but it is not possible to switch to the unlocked state due to a power failure or the like, the lock mechanism 1 functions as a rotary friction damper, and the safety of the seismic isolation structure 14 is maintained. will be secured.
When residual displacement occurs after a large earthquake, the angle formed by the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 changes from the initial state, but the lock mechanism 1 can continue to be used as it is.

Next, the operation and effects of the lock mechanism 1 according to the first embodiment described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the lock mechanism 1 according to the first embodiment described above, the frictional resistance switching portion 5 is provided by the friction material 4 to the relative rotation of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 about the third vertical axis 63. The relative displacement between the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 can be suppressed by increasing the applied frictional resistance to achieve the locked state. In addition, the frictional resistance switching unit 5 reduces the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 about the third vertical axis 63 by the friction material 4 and locks. The released state allows relative displacement between the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 .

Therefore, in the normal state, the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 can be displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction by releasing the lock, and can function as the seismic isolation layer 13 .
Further, when a wind load acts, by setting the lock state, horizontal relative displacement between the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 can be suppressed, and the shaking of the upper structure 12 due to the wind load can be suppressed. can be reduced.
Furthermore, when a large earthquake occurs or is predicted in the locked state, the unlocked state allows the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 to move relative to each other in the horizontal direction. can function. In addition, when a large earthquake acts before unlocking, the lock mechanism 1 functions as a friction damper to provide hysteresis damping, thereby suppressing the displacement of the seismic isolation layer 13 .
Further, since the frictional resistance switching unit 5 is configured to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state by adjusting the value of the frictional resistance, it does not apply an external force to the upper structure 12 or the lower structure 11. Compared to the lock mechanism 1 that switches between the locked state and the unlocked state by pressing the lock mechanism 1, excessive stress is generated in the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11, and the axial force of the seismic isolation device installed in the seismic isolation layer 13 fluctuates. I never let you.

Further, the frictional resistance switching unit 5 has a center hole jack 53 capable of pressing the friction material 4 against each of the first arm 2 and the second arm 3, and drives the center hole jack 53 to The force for pressing the friction material 4 against each of the arms 3 can be adjusted.
With such a configuration, the center hole jack 53 is driven to press the friction material 4 against the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 to move the third vertical axis between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3. The locked state can be achieved by increasing the frictional resistance against relative rotation about 63, and the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are not pressed against the first arm 2 and the second arm 3. The unlocked state can be achieved by eliminating or almost eliminating frictional resistance against relative rotation with respect to the arm 3 about the third vertical axis 63 . Therefore, the lock mechanism can easily switch between the locked state and the unlocked state.
Further, if the drive of the center hole jack 53 can be remotely controlled from the control room instead of being operated at the seismic isolation layer 13, an operator can switch between the locked state and the unlocked state from the seismic isolation layer 13. Can be done without moving.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Members and portions that are the same as or similar to those of the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Different configurations are described.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the lock mechanism 1B according to the second embodiment, the friction material 4B is positioned between the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 of the first arm mounting portion 112 in the lower structure 11. , and the frictional resistance switching portion 5B is attached to the connection portion 67 between the first arm 2 and the first arm attachment portion 112 .

In the second embodiment, no friction material is provided between the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31, and the connection portion 64 between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 has a frictional resistance switching mechanism. department is not provided.
The connecting portion 64 between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3 has two first arm plates 21 and three second arm plates 31, and the second arm plates 31 are arranged at the top and bottom. are arranged alternately one by one in the vertical direction. The two first arm plates 21 and the three second arm plates 31 are rotatable relative to each other about the axis of the third rotating pin 68 by the third rotating pin 68 penetrating them in the vertical direction. Concatenated. The axis of the third rotation pin 68 connecting the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31 is the third vertical shaft 63 .
In the second embodiment, a sliding member 69 is provided between the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 31. As shown in FIG.

Two first arm plates 21 are provided so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction. Three first arm mounting plates 114 are provided so as to overlap each other in the vertical direction.
At the connecting portion 67 between the first arm 2 and the first arm mounting portion 112, two first arm plates 21 and three first arm mounting plates 114 are provided at the top and bottom of the first arm mounting plate. 114 are arranged alternately one by one in the vertical direction.

The friction member 4</b>B is formed in a disk shape and provided between the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 .
When the friction material 4B is pressed against the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114, the relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 around the first vertical axis 61 is reduced. It is configured to provide frictional resistance to motion. When the friction material 4B is in contact with the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 without being pressed against it, the friction material 4B does not move relative to the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 around the first vertical axis 61. It is configured so that it does not give frictional resistance, or gives almost no frictional resistance, to a large amount of rotation.

Above the uppermost first arm mounting plate 114, a plurality of upper disc springs 51B are provided to overlap each other, and a center hole jack 53B is provided above the plurality of upper disc springs 51B. Below the lowermost second arm plate 31, a plurality of lower disc springs 52B are provided so as to overlap each other.
The center hole jack 53B has a cylindrical cylinder 55B and a cylindrical rod 56B that is inserted into the cylinder 55B and can be inserted into and removed from the cylinder 55B. The center hole jack 53B is installed on the upper disc spring 51B so that the axial direction is the vertical direction. The center hole jack 53B can move up and down between a posture in which the rod 56B protrudes upward with respect to the cylinder 55B and a posture in which the rod 56B is inserted into the cylinder 55B.
The hydraulic pump 54B connected to the center hole jack 53B is installed, for example, on the lower structure 11 so as not to interfere with the seismic isolation device.

The first arm plate 21, the first arm mounting plate 114, the lower disc spring 52B of the friction member 4, the upper disc spring 51B, and the center hole jack 53B, which are arranged to overlap each other in the vertical direction, pass through them in the vertical direction. It is connected by a bolt 65B and a nut 66B fastened to the bolt 65B.
The bolt 65B is oriented such that the head 651B faces the upper side of the threaded portion 652B, and the nut 66B is screwed onto the threaded portion 652B from below. A head of a bolt 65B is arranged above the rod 56B of the center hole jack 53B, and a nut 66B is arranged below the lower disc spring 52B.

The inner diameter of the rod 56B is set larger than the diameter of the threaded portion 652B of the bolt 65B and smaller than the diameter of the head 651B of the bolt 65B. A head 651B of the bolt 65B is arranged on the rod 56B, and is configured so that the head 651B of the bolt 65B does not enter inside the rod 56B.

In the second embodiment, the friction material 4B is pressed against the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 by raising the rod 56B of the center hole jack 53B and adjusting the tension generated in the bolt 65B. It is configured to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state where it is not pressed.
In the locked state, relative rotation between the first arm 2 and the lower structure 11 about the first vertical axis 61 is suppressed, and in the unlocked state, the first arm 2 and the lower structure 11 are prevented from rotating relative to each other. Relative rotation around the vertical axis 61 is allowed.

The first arm 2 and the second arm 3 are connected so as to be relatively rotatable about the first vertical shaft 61 in both the locked state and the unlocked state.
Also in the second embodiment, the lock mechanism 1B in the unlocked state does not restrict the relative displacement of the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 in the horizontal direction.
In the second embodiment, in the lock mechanism 1B in the locked state, the second arm plate 31 and the second arm attachment plate 124 are relatively rotatable about the second vertical axis 62, and the first arm plate 21 and the second arm plate 21 are rotated relative to each other. The second arm plate 31 is relatively rotatable about the third vertical axis 63, while the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 are relatively rotatable about the first vertical axis 61. is constrained.

Therefore, in the locked state, when the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 are relatively displaced in the horizontal direction, the lock mechanism 1B fixes the first arm 2 and the lower structure 11, and the second arm 3 moves to the second position. It rotates around the second vertical axis 62 and rotates around the third vertical axis 63 whose position is fixed with respect to the lower structure 11 . In this case as well, the lock mechanism 1B is displaced following the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11, but the displaceable range is smaller than in the unlocked state. As a result, the lock mechanism 1B in the locked state restricts and suppresses the relative displacement of the upper structure 12 and the lower structure 11 in the horizontal direction.

In the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the displacement of the seismic isolation layer 13 is suppressed when a wind load is applied, and the displacement of the seismic isolation layer 13 is allowed to function as the seismic isolation layer 13 when a large earthquake occurs. is set to
In the second embodiment, the frictional resistance between the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 and the friction material 4B in the locked state is referred to as "frictional resistance". Also, the moment about the first vertical axis 61 between the first arm plate 21 and the first arm mounting plate 114 is referred to as "moment".
The value of the frictional resistance is the relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the lower structure 11 around the first vertical axis 61 due to the moment generated by the wind load acting on the seismic isolation structure 14 with a predetermined value. The relative rotation of the first arm plate 21 and the lower structure 11 around the first vertical axis 61 due to the moment generated by the large seismic force acting on the seismic isolation structure 14 can be restrained. set to an acceptable value.

The lock mechanism 1B according to the second embodiment described above has the same effect as the first embodiment.
Further, in the second embodiment, the frictional resistance switching portion 5B is attached to the connection portion 67 between the first arm 2 and the first arm attachment portion 112 of the lower structure 11 . Therefore, by providing the hydraulic pump 54B of the frictional resistance switching portion 5B near the first arm mounting portion 112 in the lower structure 11, the pipe 541B connecting the center hole jack 53B and the hydraulic pump 54B can be made shorter. Inexpensive piping that does not require flexibility can be applied.
Further, since the weight of the center hole jack 53B can be borne by the lower structure 11, the stress and deflection occurring in the relatively rotating arm members (the first arm 2 and the first arm mounting portion 112) can be reduced.

Although the embodiments of the lock mechanism according to the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, in the above-described first embodiment, the frictional resistance switching portion 5 is attached to the connecting portion 64 between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3, and in the second embodiment, the frictional resistance switching portion 5B is attached to the first arm 2. and the first arm attachment portion 112 . On the other hand, the frictional resistance switching portion 5 may be attached to the connecting portion between the second arm 3 and the second arm attachment portion 122 .

Further, in the seismic isolation layer 13 of the same seismic isolation structure 14, the lock mechanism 1 in which the frictional resistance switching portion 5 is attached to the connecting portion 64 between the first arm 2 and the second arm 3, and the frictional resistance switching portion 5B are A lock mechanism 1B attached to the connection portion 67 between the first arm 2 and the first arm attachment portion 112, and a lock in which the frictional resistance switching portion is attached to the connection portion between the second arm 3 and the second arm attachment portion 122. A mechanism may be provided for each.
Further, the frictional resistance switching portion 5B may be provided at the connecting portion 67 between the first arm 2 and the first arm mounting portion 112 and the connecting portion between the second arm 3 and the second arm mounting portion 122, respectively.
By doing so, in the locked state, each locking mechanism restricts the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the lower structure 11 and the upper structure 12 from different directions. Less relative horizontal displacement is possible.

Further, in the above embodiment, the center hole jacks 53, 53B are driven to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state. can be switched.

1, 1B lock mechanism 2 first arm 3 second arm 4, 4B friction material 5, 5B friction resistance switching part 11 lower structure 12 upper structure 13 seismic isolation layer 53, 53B center hole jack (jack)
61 first vertical axis 62 second vertical axis 63 third vertical axis

Claims (2)

A lock mechanism provided in a seismic isolation layer between a lower structure and an upper structure capable of relative displacement in the horizontal direction, for suppressing relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the lower structure and the upper structure,
a first arm rotatably connected to the lower structure about a first vertical axis;
a second arm coupled to the upper structure so as to be relatively rotatable about a second vertical axis and coupled to the first arm so as to be relatively rotatable about a third vertical axis; ,
a friction material capable of imparting frictional resistance to relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis;
By adjusting the value of the frictional resistance applied by the friction material to the relative rotation of the first arm and the second arm about the third vertical axis, a frictional resistance switching unit that switches between a locked state that restricts relative rotation of the arm 2 about the third vertical axis and an unlocked state that permits the rotation ;
The frictional resistance switching unit is provided with an upper disc spring, a lower disc spring, and a jack,
In the frictional resistance switching portion, the upper disc spring, the lower disc spring, the jack, the first arm, and the second arm are connected by bolts and nuts,
The frictional resistance switching unit has a jack capable of pressing the friction material against each of the first arm and the second arm, and drives the jack to apply the friction material to each of the first arm and the second arm. A lock mechanism characterized in that it is configured so that a force for pressing a material can be adjusted . A lock mechanism provided in a seismic isolation layer between a lower structure and an upper structure capable of relative displacement in the horizontal direction, for suppressing relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the lower structure and the upper structure,
a first arm rotatably connected to the lower structure about a first vertical axis;
a second arm coupled to the upper structure so as to be relatively rotatable about a second vertical axis and coupled to the first arm so as to be relatively rotatable about a third vertical axis; ,
Relative rotation of the first arm and the lower structure about the first vertical axis, or relative rotation of the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis a friction material capable of imparting frictional resistance to rotation;
By adjusting the value of the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation of the first arm and the lower structure about the first vertical axis by the friction material, the first arm and the lower structure Switches between a locked state that restricts relative rotation with respect to the structure about the first vertical axis and an unlocked state that permits it, or allows the second arm and the upper structure to be separated by the friction material. Relative rotation of the second arm and the upper structure about the second vertical axis is achieved by adjusting the value of the frictional resistance applied to the relative rotation about the second vertical axis. a frictional resistance switching unit that switches between a locked state that restricts movement and an unlocked state that allows movement ,
The frictional resistance switching portion is provided with an upper disk spring, a lower disk spring, a jack, and a first arm mounting plate connected to the lower structure, and the frictional resistance switching portion includes the upper disk spring and the lower disk spring, the jack, the first arm, and the first arm mounting plate are connected by bolts and nuts, or
The frictional resistance switching portion is provided with an upper disk spring, a lower disk spring, a jack, and a second arm mounting plate connected to the upper structure. , the lower disc spring, the jack, the second arm, and the second arm mounting plate are connected by bolts and nuts,
The frictional resistance switching unit is capable of pressing the friction material against each of the first arm and the upper structure between which the friction material is provided, or against each of the second arm and the lower structure. a jack for driving said friction material on each of said first arm and said upper structure between which said friction material is provided, or on said second arm and said lower structure respectively; A lock mechanism, characterized in that the force for pressing the is adjustable .

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