JP7344043B2 - stalker device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a stoker device used in a stoker type incinerator applied to incineration treatment and thermal recycling of waste materials such as garbage, sludge, and other materials to be incinerated.

An example of a conventional stoker-type incinerator is disclosed in Patent Document 1. This stoker-type incinerator performs dry combustion while supplying materials to be incinerated, such as garbage, to a stoker that includes a movable grate and a fixed grate.

In such a stoker type incinerator, the movable grate and the fixed grate are arranged alternately along the conveyance direction of the materials to be incinerated. The movable grate has its proximal end supported by the distal end of the connecting member, and its distal end rests on the fixed grate. Further, the fixed grate has its proximal end supported by the distal end of the connecting member, and its distal end rests on the movable grate. In this way, the movable grate and the fixed grate are arranged side by side in a stepwise manner.

Such a movable grate or a fixed grate may be damaged by cracking and breaking due to clinker falling off from the wall surface of the incinerator.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-280520

However, conventionally, the rear part of the grate (the rear part in the direction of conveyance of the material to be incinerated) that is broken due to damage may fall down and become caught in the gap between adjacent grate. Currently, attempts are being made to prevent the cracked grate from falling down by narrowing the distance between the support member that supports the grate and the front grate. If a crack occurs in the area between the stoker and the stoker, there is a risk that the broken grate will fall down and get caught, causing malfunction of the stoker device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a stoker device that is unlikely to malfunction even if a movable grate or a fixed grate is damaged.

The stoker device of the present invention is a stoker device used in a stoker type incinerator that processes materials to be incinerated while conveying them in a conveying direction, and the stoker device is a stoker device that is used in a stoker type incinerator that processes materials to be incinerated while conveying them in a conveying direction, and the base end portion is placed on the first shaft. a plurality of movable grates that can swing around and reciprocate in a predetermined direction intersecting the first axis by a drive device; a plurality of fixed grates that are swingable, and the movable grate and the fixed grate that are adjacent to each other in the front and back are the movable grate and the fixed grate that are on the upstream side in the conveying direction. A portion of the grate is provided on the grate on the downstream side in the conveyance direction, and the movable grate is provided on the movable grate so as to restrict swinging about the first axis. and a fixed support member that is provided on the fixed grate and supports the fixed grate so as to restrict swinging about the second axis. .

According to the present invention, a crack occurs in the movable grate or the fixed grate, and the front part of the grate (front part in the transport direction of the material to be incinerated) is removed, leaving the rear part, that is, the front part in the transport direction. Even when there is no supported part on the surface of the base end of the grate, the movable grate is supported by the movable support member so that its swing is regulated, and the fixed grate is supported so that its swing is regulated. It is supported by the fixing support member so that it is. This prevents the rear portions of these grates from collapsing downward. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the rear portion of the grate from being caught in the gap between the grate and the grate at the front in the conveyance direction. Therefore, malfunctions of the stoker device are less likely to occur.

In the above invention, the stoker device includes a plurality of finely movable grates that are movable around the third axis with their base end portions placed on the third axis, and the movable grates that are adjacent to each other are The fine movement grate means that a part of the fine movement grate is placed on the movable grate, and the fine movement grate is moved by a maximum movement distance of the movable grate in the predetermined direction without using the drive device. The stoker device includes a fine movement support member that is provided on the fine movement grate and supports the fine movement grate so as to restrict rocking around the third axis. Further provision may be made.

According to the above configuration, as with the movable grate and the fixed grate described above, even if the micro-movement grate cracks and the front part of the grate comes off and the rear part remains, the micro-movement grate is supported by the fine movement support member so that its rocking is restricted, so that the rear portion of the fine movement grate can be prevented from falling down. This can prevent the rear portion of the fine grate from being caught in the gap with the front grate, making it difficult for the stoker device to malfunction. Moreover, by providing a fine movement grate and moving the fine movement grate, it becomes possible to move the material to be incinerated that exists in the gap between the fine movement grate and the movable grate to the downstream side without causing it to stick.

In the above invention, a pressure receiving part is provided at a base end portion of the micro-movement grate, and when the first movable grate moves toward one side in the predetermined direction until it reaches the maximum movement distance, The fine movement grate may include a pressing part that presses the pressure receiving part of the fine movement grate, and the fine movement grate may move when the pressure receiving part is pressed by the pressing part.

According to the above configuration, there is no need to separately provide an actuator for moving the fine movement grate, and the fine movement grate can be moved with a simple configuration. Moreover, by adjusting the moving distance of the movable grate, the position of the pressure receiving part, and the position of the pressing part, the moving distance of the finely movable grate can be adjusted over a wide range.

In the above invention, the fixing support member is provided on the back surface of the fixed grate so as to extend in the predetermined direction, and the fine movement support member is provided on the back surface of the fine movement grate so as to extend in the predetermined direction. may be provided.

According to the above configuration, by providing the fixing support member on the fixed grate itself and providing the fine movement support member on the fine movement grate itself, the fixing position of each support member other than each grate is structurally independent. It's done.

In the above invention, the stoker device further includes a first shaft base that supports the first shaft, and the movable support member is connected to or in contact with the first shaft base at a base end portion of the movable grate. It may be configured to support.

According to the above configuration, the base end portion of the movable grate can be supported by the movable support member, so that the movable support member can be placed in a predetermined position rather than the support member extending from the base end portion to the distal end portion of the movable grate. It is possible to make the device more compact in the direction, and therefore to reduce the weight.

In the above invention, the movable support member, the fixed support member, and the fine movement support member may be formed in a plate shape.

According to the above configuration, the support member can be made lighter and more compact than a support member formed in the shape of a square or round bar, for example.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a stoker device that is unlikely to malfunction even if the movable grate or the fixed grate is damaged.

It is an overall view of a stoker type incinerator to which a stoker device according to the present embodiment is applied. FIG. 2 is a partially simplified diagram of the stoker device of FIG. 1; 3 is a sectional view showing the configuration of each grate in the stoker device of FIG. 2. FIG. It is a sectional view for explaining the connection structure of the support member to the fire grate. It is a figure which shows the state where the rear side part of a movable grate main body has fallen down when a movable support member is not temporarily provided.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A stalker device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The stoker device described below is only one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and additions, deletions, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

First, the overall configuration of the stoker type incinerator 11 to which the stoker device of this embodiment is applied will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stoker-type incinerator 11 includes a hopper 13 to which materials to be incinerated, such as garbage, are supplied. The hopper 13 is connected to a primary combustion chamber 15 via a chute 14, and the material to be incinerated supplied to the hopper 13 is sent to the primary combustion chamber 15 through the chute 14.

A stoker device 20 is provided in the primary combustion chamber 15 . The stoker device 20 includes, for example, a first stoker (drying zone) 17, a second stoker (combustion zone) 18, and a third stoker (post-combustion zone) 19. Note that primary air is introduced from below the first to third stokers 17, 18, and 19.

According to the stoker device 20, the supplied material to be incinerated can be transported while passing through the drying, combustion, and post-combustion zones. The conveyed materials to be incinerated are dried and burned in the stoker device 20, and the incineration ash remaining after the combustion is discharged to the outside from the chute 10. Further, the stoker type incinerator 11 is provided with a waste heat boiler 16 that generates steam using waste heat of the stoker type incinerator 11.

In addition, in the stoker device 20 of this embodiment, the first stoker 17, the second stoker 18, and the third stoker 19 are respectively assigned a drying zone, a combustion zone, and an after-combustion zone, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one of the first to third stokers 17, 18, and 19 may be omitted to create a stoker device equipped with two stokers, and the former stoker of these two stokers may have a drying zone and a A stoker device may be used in which a combustion zone or a drying zone is assigned, and a post-combustion zone, or a combustion zone and an after-combustion zone are assigned to a subsequent stoker. Alternatively, the stalking device may include four or more stalkers.

FIG. 2 is a partially simplified diagram of the stoker device of FIG. Since the configurations of the first stalker 17, second stalker 18, and third stalker 19 in the stalker device 20 are the same, the first stalker 17 and the third stalker 19 are omitted in FIG. 2, and only the second stalker 18 is shown. There is.

As shown in FIG. 2, the stoker device 20 includes a plurality of fixed grates 21, a plurality of movable grates 22, and a plurality of finely moving grates 23. The movable grate 22 is arranged between the fixed grate 21 and the finely movable grate 23. In detail, the movable grate 22 is arranged between the fixed grate 21 and the slightly moving grate 23 in the transport direction DH of the material to be incinerated (direction from left to right in FIG. 2). , there are those placed between the fine grate 23 and the fixed grate 21. That is, the movable grate 22 is arranged alternately with either the fixed grate 21 or the finely moving grate 23 in relation to the movable grate 21 . Note that the downstream side in the transport direction DH may be referred to as the front side, front end, or tip portion, and the upstream side in the transport direction DH may be referred to as the rear side, rear end, or base end portion.

In the state before the movable grate 22 moves forward, the front end of the grate other than the movable grate 22 (that is, the fixed grate 21 and the finely moving grate 23) is The movable grate 22 is arranged to be located in front of the center of the movable grate 22 adjacent to each other in the forward transport direction DH in the waste flow direction. On the other hand, in order to ensure a certain movable range, the movable grate 22 is arranged so that its front end is located behind the center in the waste flow direction of the adjacent fixed grate 21 or finely movable grate 23 in front of the conveying direction DH. It is located. Moreover, the fixed grate 21, the movable grate 22, and the finely moving grate 23 are each arranged to be inclined upward to the right in the conveyance direction DH. Specifically, the inclination angle θ between the inclined surfaces of the fixed grate 21, the movable grate 22, and the finely moving grate 23 and the horizontal plane is, for example, 10 to 30 degrees, preferably 18 to 22 degrees, and Preferably it is 20 degrees. The fixed grate 21, the movable grate 22, and the finely moving grate 23 are arranged so that a straight line connecting the vertices of the front ends of the fixed grate 21, movable grate 22, and finely moving grate 23 is approximately horizontal. has been done. Thereby, the material to be incinerated is transported along the transport direction DH, which is a substantially horizontal direction.

One end of a bracket 24 extending downward is connected to the rear end of each movable grate 22 . The other end of each bracket 24 is fixed to a connecting member 25 extending substantially parallel to each fire grate 21, 22, 23. This connecting member 25 is attached to a coupling member 27. In addition to this, connection members 25 for the first stalker 17 and the third stalker 19 are attached to the coupling member 27 . Furthermore, the coupling member 27 is connected to the conveyance drive unit 26 via a piston rod 26a. That is, the transport drive section 26 is used in common by the first stoker 17, the second stoker 18, and the third stoker 19. In such a configuration, the connecting member 25 reciprocates when the piston rod 26a is reciprocated by the conveyance drive unit 26, so that each movable grate 22 is moved via the bracket 24 to adjust the inclination of the movable grate 22. It is possible to reciprocate in a direction (a predetermined direction intersecting an axis 43, which will be described later). This allows the material to be incinerated to be transported along the transport direction DH. Note that the transport drive section 26 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, but may also be a hydraulic motor, an electric cylinder, an electric linear motor, etc., and a continuously variable speed or stepwise variable speed type can be adopted.

Hereinafter, each structure of the fixed grate 21, the movable grate 22, and the finely moving grate 23 will be explained in detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed grate 21 includes a fixed grate main body 31 having a reinforcing portion 37 on the back surface, a bearing portion 32, a shaft (second shaft) 33, a shaft base 34, and a plate, for example. It is provided with a fixing support member 35 having a shape. The bearing portion 32 is provided at the base end portion of the back surface of the fixed grate main body 31 and placed on the shaft 33. Thereby, the fixed grate main body 31 can swing around the shaft 33. The fixed grate main body 31 can be attached to and detached from the shaft 33. Further, the shaft 33 is supported by a shaft base 34. The fixing support member 35 is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or lower than that of the fixed grate main body 31, and is preferably made of stainless steel such as SUS304, for example.

The fixing support member 35 is provided on the back surface of the fixed grate body 31, and its base end portion is connected to a portion of the fixed grate body 31 on the rear side of the center in the waste flow direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of reinforcing portions 37 extending downward in the figure are provided at intervals on the back surface of the fixed grate main body 31. The fixing support member 35 is sandwiched between one reinforcing part 37 and the other reinforcing part 37, and the fixing support member 35 has holes 35a provided in the fixing support member 35 and holes provided in each reinforcing part 37. It is attached to the fixed grate main body 31 by inserting the connecting pin 36 into the grate 37a. Note that, for example, split pins or the like are provided at both ends of the connecting pin 36 to prevent the connecting pin 36 from coming off. Further, the fixing support member 35 is formed to extend forward from its base end portion in a tapered shape. Note that the above-mentioned hole 37a was originally provided for fastening the grate to each other, but the hole 37a was used as a hole for attaching the fixing support member 35 to the fixed grate main body 31. It can be effectively applied as a part.

The movable grate 22 includes a movable grate main body 41 having a reinforcing portion 47 on the back surface, a bearing portion 42, a shaft (first shaft) 43, a shaft base 44, and a movable support member 45 in the form of a plate, for example. It is equipped with The movable support member 45 is more compact and lighter than the fixed support member 35. The bearing portion 42 is provided at the base end portion of the back surface of the movable grate body 41 and placed on the shaft 43. Thereby, the movable grate main body 41 can swing around the shaft 43. The movable grate body 41 can be attached to and detached from the shaft 43. Further, the shaft 43 is supported by a shaft base 44. The movable support member 45 is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or lower than that of the movable grate main body 41, and is preferably formed of stainless steel such as SUS304, for example.

The movable support member 45 includes a support portion 45a that supports a portion of the movable grate body 41 on the back side of the center of the movable grate body 41 in the garbage flow direction, and a support portion 45a that supports a portion of the movable grate body 41 on the rear side of the center of the movable grate body 41 in the garbage flow direction. A contact portion 45b is provided and is in contact with the shaft base 44. Such a movable support member 45 is attached to the movable grate main body 41 by a connecting pin 46 in the same manner as the fixed support member 35 (see FIG. 4 above) while being held between each reinforcing portion 47. . As described above, the movable grate 22 is capable of reciprocating, but the shaft base 44 also moves at this time.

Here, when the movable grate 22 moves toward one side of the movement direction (toward the front side) until it reaches its maximum movement distance, the movable grate 22 It has a pressing part 48 that presses the part 58. That is, the movable grate 22 moves so that the pressure receiving part 58 is pressed by the pressing part 48 just before reaching the maximum moving distance. Thereby, the fine movement grate 23 can be moved (finely moved) after the pressure receiving part 58 thereof is pressed by the pressing part 48 until the movable grate 22 reaches the maximum movement distance.

The fine movement grate 23 includes a fine movement grate main body 51 having a reinforcing portion 57 on the back surface, a bearing portion 52, a shaft (third shaft) 53, a shaft base 54, and a plate-shaped fine movement support member 55, for example. It is equipped with The fine movement support member 55 is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or lower than that of the fine movement grate body 51, and is preferably made of stainless steel such as SUS304.

In this embodiment, the fine movement support member 55 can have the same shape as the fixation support member 35. The bearing portion 52 is provided at the base end portion of the back surface of the fine grate main body 51 and placed on the shaft 53. Thereby, the fine grate main body 51 can swing around the shaft 53. The bearing portion 52 is formed so that a predetermined gap is formed between the bearing surface of the bearing portion 52 and the shaft 53. Thereby, as described above, when the pressure receiving part 58 of the fine movement grate 23 is pressed by the pressing part 48 of the movable grate 22, the fine movement grate 23 can be moved by the above-mentioned gap. Further, the fine grate main body 51 can be attached to and detached from the shaft 53. Further, the shaft 53 is supported by a shaft base 54.

The fine movement support member 55 is provided on the back surface of the fine movement grate body 51, and its base end portion is connected to a portion of the fine movement grate body 51 on the rear side of the center in the dust flow direction. Such a fine movement support member 55 is attached to the movable grate main body 51 by a connecting pin 56 in the same manner as the fixed support member 35 (see FIG. 4 above), while being held by each reinforcing part 57. .

As explained above, according to the stoker device 20 of the present embodiment, cracks occur in the movable grate 22, the fixed grate 21, and the finely moving grate 23, and the front part of the grate (in the direction of incineration DH) Even when the front part of the movable grate 22 is removed and the rear part remains, that is, there is no part supported on the surface of the base end part of the adjacent grate on the front side in the conveyance direction DH, the movable grate 22 remains attached to the shaft 43. It is supported by a movable support member 45 so that rotational movement is restricted. Furthermore, even in the above state, the fixed support member 35 (the front part of the fixed support member 35) is supported by the movable grate body 41, so the fixed grate 21 cannot swing around its axis 33. Since the fine movement support member 55 (the front part of the fine movement support member 55) is supported by the movable grate main body 41, the fine movement grate 23 is restricted from swinging around its axis 53. This prevents the rear portions of these grates from collapsing downward. To explain with an example, as shown in FIG. 5, if the movable grate 22 is not provided with the movable support member 45, if the front part of the movable grate main body 41 is damaged and comes off, The rear portion of the movable grate body 41 falls down, causing malfunction of the movable grate 22. On the other hand, in the movable grate 22 of this embodiment, the rear part of the movable grate main body 41 can be supported by the movable support member 45, so the rear part does not fall down downward. . Thereby, it is possible to prevent the rear portion of the grate from being caught in the gap between the grate and the grate at the front in the conveyance direction. Therefore, malfunctions of the stalking device 20 are highly reliable and less likely to occur.

In addition, in this embodiment, by providing the fine movement grate 23 and moving the fine movement grate 23, the material to be incinerated existing in the gap between the fine movement grate 23 and the movable grate 22 is prevented from sticking to the downstream side. It is possible to move it to

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fine movement grate 23 is configured to be moved when its pressure receiving part 58 is pressed by the pressing part 48 of the movable grate 22, so an actuator for moving the fine movement grate 23 is used. There is no need for a separate provision, and the fine movement grate 23 can be moved with a simple configuration.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the movable support member 45 is more compact and lighter than the fixed support member 35 that extends from the rear part to the front part of the fixed grate main body 31. Therefore, the weight of the stoker device 20 can be reduced compared to an embodiment in which a support member having the same shape as the fixed support member 35 is used for all of the fixed grate 21, the movable grate 22, and the finely moving grate 23. .

Further, in this embodiment, the fine movement support member 55 is provided in the fine movement grate 23 and has a shape extending from the rear part to the front part of the fine movement grate main body 51. If a support member having the same shape as the movable support member 45 is used for the fine movement grate 23, when the fine movement grate main body 51 moves due to pressure, the contact portion (portion corresponding to the contact portion 45a) will be attached to the shaft base 54. The fine movement grate main body 51 may fall down by moving away from it. The fine movement support member 55 having the above shape can prevent the fine movement grate main body 51 from falling down.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the fixed support member 35, the movable support member 45, and the fine movement support member 55 are formed in plate shapes, they are lighter than support members formed in the shape of, for example, square timbers or round bars. And compactness can be achieved.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example:

In the above embodiment, the fine movement grate 23 is provided between one movable grate 22 and the other movable grate 22, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the fine movement grate 23 is not provided. It's okay. That is, it is also possible to configure the fixed grate 21 and the movable grate 22 to be arranged alternately in the conveying direction DH.

Further, in the above embodiment, the fixed grate 21 and the finely moving grate 23 are provided with a fixing support member 35 and a finely moving supporting member 55 each having a shape extending from the rear part to the front part of each grate body. However, it is not limited to this. In order to achieve compactness and weight reduction, a support member having the same shape as the movable support member 45 may be provided in the fixed grate 21 and the finely moving grate 23. However, in this case, as described above, when the fine movement grate body 51 moves due to pressure, the contact part (the part corresponding to the contact part 45a) may separate from the shaft base 54, and the fine movement grate body 51 may fall down. Therefore, it is desirable to connect the contact portion to the shaft bases 34, 54.

Further, in the above embodiment, the movable support member 45 is provided on the movable grate 22, but the movable support member 45 is not limited to this. A member may be provided.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the fixed support member 35, the movable support member 45, and the fine movement support member 55 are formed in a plate shape, but are not limited to this, and are, for example, in the shape of a square or round bar. It is also possible to use a support member formed as a support member.

11 Stoker type incinerator 20 Stoker device 21 Fixed grate 22 Movable grate 23 Slightly moving grate 33 Axis (second axis)
34 Shaft base 35 Fixing support member 43 Shaft (first axis)
44 Axis foundation (first axis foundation)
45 Movable support member 48 Pressing part 53 Axis (third axis)
54 Shaft base 55 Support member for fine movement 58 Pressure receiving part

Claims (5)

A stoker device used in a stoker-type incinerator that processes materials to be incinerated while transporting them in the transport direction,
a plurality of movable grates that are movable around the first axis with their base end portions placed on the first axis, and that are reciprocated in a predetermined direction intersecting the first axis by a drive device;
a plurality of fixed grates that are movable around the second axis with their base end portions placed on the second axis;
The movable grate and the fixed grate are adjacent in the front and rear, and a portion of the movable grate and the fixed grate on the upstream side in the conveyance direction is arranged on the grate on the downstream side in the conveyance direction. It is set up so that
a movable support member that is provided on the movable grate and supports the movable grate so as to restrict swinging about the first axis;
a fixing support member that is provided on the fixed grate and supports the fixed grate so as to restrict swinging about the second axis ;
a plurality of finely movable grates that are swingable around the third axis with their base end portions placed on the third axis;
The adjacent movable grate and the finely movable grate are such that a part of the finely movable grate is placed on the movable grate, and the finely movable grate does not rely on the drive device to move the movable grate. It is provided to move a distance shorter than the maximum movement distance in a predetermined direction,
A stoker device further comprising a fine movement support member that is provided on the fine movement grate and supports the fine movement grate so as to restrict rocking about the third axis. A pressure receiving part is provided at the base end portion of the micro-tremor grate,
The first movable grate has a pressing portion that presses the pressure receiving portion of the fine movement grate when the first movable grate moves toward one side in the predetermined direction before reaching the maximum movement distance,
The stoker device according to claim 1 , wherein the fine movement grate moves when the pressure receiving part is pressed by the pressing part. The fixed support member is provided on the back surface of the fixed grate so as to extend in the predetermined direction, and the fine movement support member is provided on the back surface of the fine movement grate so as to extend in the predetermined direction. The stalker device according to claim 1 or 2 . further comprising a first shaft base supporting the first shaft,
4. The movable support member according to claim 1 , wherein the movable support member is configured to support the base end portion of the movable grate while being connected to or in contact with the first shaft base. Stalker device. The stoker device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the movable support member, the fixed support member, and the fine movement support member are formed in a plate shape.

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