JP7349169B2 - Architectural hardening materials and their manufacturing methods and applications - Google Patents
Architectural hardening materials and their manufacturing methods and applications Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019155 Radiation injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0071—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of a rise in pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0082—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of a rise in temperature, e.g. caused by an exothermic reaction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
本発明は、建築材料技術分野に属し、具体的には、建築硬化材料及びその製造方法と応用に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and specifically relates to building hardening materials and their manufacturing methods and applications.
建築業界の迅速発展に伴い、建築エネルギー消費が急激に増加し、建築工業廃棄物の産生量が巨大で、且つ処置が困難であるため、建築廃棄物を回収利用することで、新規省エネ環境保護材料を製造し、建築エネルギー消費を低減することが急務になっている。 With the rapid development of the construction industry, construction energy consumption is rapidly increasing, and the amount of construction industrial waste produced is huge and difficult to dispose of. Therefore, the collection and use of construction waste is a new energy-saving and environmental protection method. There is an urgent need to produce materials and reduce building energy consumption.
砂岩は、主にケイ素、カルシウム、粘土などを含み、無放射、人体に放射性傷害がなく、良質な石材であり、最も広く使用されている石材であるため、砂岩採掘が非常に頻繁である。採石場で砂岩を用いて製砂する時に、砂岩石に対して水洗いを行う必要があり、しかしながら、洗いプロセスでは、大量の土砂が発生し、且つ処置が困難である。泥水の排出堆積が環境の負荷を悪化させ、不適切な処理が土地資源を占有するだけでなく、空気を汚染する可能性もあるため、これらの廃棄泥水を有効に合理的に利用することは、一刻の猶予もならない。 Sandstone mainly contains silicon, calcium, clay, etc., has no radiation, no radiation injury to the human body, is a good quality stone, and is the most widely used stone, so sandstone mining is very frequent. When making sand using sandstone in a quarry, it is necessary to wash the sandstone with water. However, the washing process generates a large amount of earth and sand, which is difficult to dispose of. The discharge and accumulation of muddy water worsens the environmental burden, and improper treatment not only occupies land resources but also has the potential to pollute the air, so it is difficult to make effective and rational use of these waste muddy waters. , there will be no delay.
関連技術では、処理方法の一つは、泥水を乾燥させて残渣を得、その後、セメントコンクリートに直接加えて資源化処置を行うことである。残渣の活性が低く且つ形状が不規則であるため、コンクリートの水需要量が増加し、且つ強度が急激に低下する。方法の二つは、高温か焼であり、即ち、まず土砂を乾燥させて残渣を得、乾式篩分けを行い、７００℃～９００℃高温か焼を経て残渣を活性化させ、セメントの一部の代わりに、セメントコンクリートを製造することである。活性化後の残渣で製造されたセメントコンクリートの耐圧強度が比較的高く、石洗い残渣の処置が困難であるという問題を解決した。しかし、この方法の活性化プロセスは、高温か焼が必要であり、エネルギー消費が高い。 In related technology, one of the treatment methods is to dry the muddy water to obtain a residue, and then directly add it to cement concrete for resource recovery treatment. Due to the low activity and irregular shape of the residue, the water demand of concrete increases and the strength decreases rapidly. Two methods are high-temperature calcination, that is, first dry the earth and sand to obtain a residue, perform dry sieving, and activate the residue through high-temperature calcination at 700°C to 900°C to form a part of cement. The alternative is to produce cement concrete. The compressive strength of cement concrete made from the residue after activation is relatively high, which solves the problem of difficulty in treating stone washing residue. However, the activation process of this method requires high temperature calcination and has high energy consumption.
本発明は、従来技術に存在する上記技術的課題の一つを少なくとも解決することを目的とする。このため、本発明は、比較的強い強度を有し、資源利用の最大化を実現できる建築硬化材料を提供する。 The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention provides an architectural hardening material that has relatively high strength and can maximize resource utilization.
本発明は、上記建築硬化材料の製造方法をさらに提供する。 The present invention further provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned architectural hardening material.
本発明は、上記建築硬化材料の応用をさらに提供する。 The present invention further provides applications of the above architectural hardening materials.
第一の方面によれば、本発明は、建築硬化材料を提供する。この建築硬化材料は、
石洗い残渣：４５部～６０部、
石英砂：１５部～３０部、
活性化剤：３部～１１部、
減水剤：０．１部～２部、
水：７部～１５部、
以上の重量部によって計算する製造原料を含む。
According to a first aspect, the present invention provides an architectural hardening material. This architectural hardening material is
Stone washing residue: 45 parts to 60 parts,
Quartz sand: 15 parts to 30 parts,
Activator: 3 parts to 11 parts,
Water reducing agent: 0.1 part to 2 parts,
Water: 7 parts to 15 parts,
Including manufacturing raw materials calculated by the above parts by weight.
本発明の建築硬化材料は、少なくとも以下の有益な効果を有する。
本発明の建築硬化材料は、石洗い残渣と石英砂、活性化剤、減水剤及び水を適切な割合で調製することにより、活性化反応後、そのうちの活性二酸化ケイ素、活性酸化アルミ等の活性成分が反応してゲル物性を有するケイ酸カルシウム、水和アルミニウム酸カルシウム等の反応生成物を生成し、製造された硬化材料の強度が１３０ＭＰａより大きく、対照材料よりも著しく優れている。
The architectural hardening material of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects.
The architectural hardening material of the present invention can be obtained by preparing stone washing residue, quartz sand, activator, water reducing agent, and water in appropriate proportions. The components react to form reaction products such as calcium silicate and hydrated calcium aluminate with gel physical properties, and the strength of the produced cured material is greater than 130 MPa, significantly superior to the control material.
本発明の建築硬化材料は、石洗い残渣と石英砂、活性化剤、減水剤及び水を適切な割合で調製することにより、活性化反応後、石洗い残渣の火山灰活性を向上させた。 The architectural hardening material of the present invention improves the volcanic ash activity of the stone washing residue after the activation reaction by preparing the stone washing residue, quartz sand, activator, water reducing agent and water in appropriate proportions.
本発明の建築硬化材料は、石洗い残渣を有効に利用し、資源の合理的な利用を実現し、省エネ環境保護である。 The architectural hardening material of the present invention makes effective use of stone washing residue, realizes rational use of resources, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
本発明の建築硬化材料を建築に用いることで、高強度、性能に優れたプレキャストコンクリート部材を製造することができ、比較的良い経済的見通しがある。 By using the architectural hardening material of the present invention in construction, precast concrete members with high strength and excellent performance can be produced, with relatively good economic prospects.
上記製造原料において、
石洗い残渣は主な製造原料である。石洗い残渣において、主にケイ素、アルミニウム酸化物である。
In the above manufacturing raw materials,
Stone washing residue is the main manufacturing raw material. Stonewashing residue is mainly silicon and aluminum oxides.
石英砂は、ゲル材料の骨材としての役割を果たし、常規の石英砂でよい。 The quartz sand serves as an aggregate for the gel material and may be regular quartz sand.
活性化剤の役割は、塩基性条件を提供することであり、触媒化役割を果たし、アルカリ活性化の触媒化原理を利用して、残渣の水和化に対する触媒化役割を果たし、残渣の水和化反応を加速させる。 The role of the activator is to provide basic conditions, play a catalytic role, take advantage of the catalytic principle of alkali activation, play a catalytic role for the hydration of the residue, and reduce the water content of the residue. Accelerates the oxidation reaction.
減水剤は、市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤又はナフタリン系減水剤を選択すればよい。 As the water reducing agent, a commercially available polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or naphthalene water reducing agent may be selected.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記石洗い残渣におけるケイ素及びアルミニウム酸化物の和は、８５ｗｔ．％より大きい。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the sum of silicon and aluminum oxides in the stone washing residue is 85 wt. greater than %.
ケイ素とアルミニウム酸化物の和は８５ｗｔ．％より大きい場合、石洗い残渣を十分に活性化されることを保証できる。 The sum of silicon and aluminum oxide is 85wt. %, it can be guaranteed that the stone washing residue will be sufficiently activated.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記石洗い残渣の粒径は、７５μｍ未満である。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the stone washing residue is less than 75 μm.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸カリウム及び炭酸カリウムのうちの少なくとも一つである。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the activator is at least one of sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate, and potassium carbonate.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記減水剤は、ポリカルボン酸系減水剤又はナフタリン系減水剤のうちの一つである。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reducing agent is one of a polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent or a naphthalene-based water reducing agent.
第二の方面によれば、本発明は、上記建築硬化材料の製造方法を提供する。
前記方法は、
前記石洗い残渣と石英砂とを混合した後、活性化剤、減水剤と水を加え、混合料を得、前記混合料を分配してから活性化反応させることである。
According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned architectural hardening material.
The method includes:
After mixing the stone washing residue and quartz sand, an activator, a water reducing agent and water are added to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is distributed and then subjected to an activation reaction.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記方法は、
採石場で得られた石洗い残渣を乾燥させた後、乾式篩分け分級を行い、篩上物と篩下物を得、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行う。その後、石洗い残渣と石英砂とを均一に混合する。乾式篩分け分級の目的は、石洗い残渣の粒径を制御し、篩分けの灰体粒子の粒径を７５μｍ未満にすることである。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises:
After drying the stonewashing residue obtained at the quarry, dry sieving and classification are performed to obtain the upper and lower sieves, the lower sieves are stored and retained, and the sieves are further crushed and made into powder. Then, sieve it. Thereafter, the stone washing residue and quartz sand are uniformly mixed. The purpose of dry sieving classification is to control the particle size of the stone washing residue and to reduce the particle size of the sieved ash particles to less than 75 μm.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記活性化反応の温度は８０℃～３００℃である。上記反応温度は、反応速度を速くし、反応をより十分に行われることができる。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the activation reaction is between 80°C and 300°C. The above reaction temperature increases the reaction rate and allows the reaction to be carried out more efficiently.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記活性化反応の圧力は４０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２～４００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２である。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the pressure of the activation reaction is between 40 kg/cm 2 and 400 kg/cm 2 .
活性化反応過程では、加熱は加圧と同期して行われる。 During the activation reaction process, heating is performed in synchronization with pressurization.
活性化反応過程では、機械的加圧方式とアルカリ活性化及び加温加熱技術を利用して、残渣に対して機械的及び化学的活性化を行い、原材料を迅速に溶解させ、比較的短い時間以内で活性化反応を完了させ、ゲル物性を有する生成物を生成するとともに、反応に参加しない水分の少量が水蒸気となり、同期加圧過程でより排出されやすく、基体を緊密にすることによって、高強度が生じ、このため、本発明も原材料の化学反応過程を強化することで、石洗い残渣を活性化及び利用する。 In the activation reaction process, mechanical pressure method and alkali activation and heating heating technology are used to perform mechanical and chemical activation on the residue, quickly dissolving the raw materials, and dissolving the raw materials in a relatively short time. The activation reaction is completed within 10 minutes, producing a product with gel properties, and a small amount of water that does not participate in the reaction becomes water vapor, which is more easily discharged during the synchronous pressurization process, and by making the substrate tightly Strength is generated, and for this reason, the present invention also activates and utilizes the stone washing residue by strengthening the chemical reaction process of the raw materials.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記活性化反応の時間は１０分間～３０分間である。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the activation reaction time is between 10 minutes and 30 minutes.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記方法は、活性反応後、材料を金型で成形することをさらに含む。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises molding the material after the active reaction.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記方法は、成形後、材料に対して養生及び離型を行うことをさらに含む。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further includes curing and demolding the material after molding.
第三の方面によれば、本発明は、プレキャストコンクリート部材を提供する。このプレキャストコンクリート部材は、上記建築硬化材料を含む。 According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a precast concrete member. This precast concrete member contains the construction hardening material described above.
本発明のいくつかの実施形態によれば、前記プレキャストコンクリート部材は、プレキャスト床板、プレキャスト梁、プレキャスト壁、プレキャスト柱、プレキャスト階段及び他の複雑な異形部材を含む。 According to some embodiments of the invention, the precast concrete members include precast floor plates, precast beams, precast walls, precast columns, precast stairs, and other complex profile members.
以下、本発明の具体的な実施例であり、実施例を結び付けながら、本発明の技術案についてさらに説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described, and the technical solution of the present invention will be further described while linking the examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
本実施例は、建築硬化材料を製造した。重量部によって計算する製造原料は、石洗い残渣４５部、石英砂１５部、活性化剤５部、水７部、減水剤１部とする。 In this example, an architectural hardening material was produced. The manufacturing raw materials, calculated in parts by weight, are 45 parts of stone washing residue, 15 parts of quartz sand, 5 parts of activator, 7 parts of water, and 1 part of water reducing agent.
そのうち、活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウムと液状ケイ酸ナトリウムとを混合して作られたものであり、そのうち、水酸化ナトリウムは１．８部とし、液状ケイ酸ナトリウムは３．２部とする。減水剤はポリカルボン酸系減水剤であり、減水剤の固形分含有量は３３％であり、減水剤としては市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤のいずれも適用可能である。 Among them, the activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate, of which sodium hydroxide is 1.8 parts and liquid sodium silicate is 3.2 parts. . The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and the solid content of the water reducing agent is 33%, and any commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can be used as the water reducing agent.
具体的な製造プロセスは、以下のステップを含む。 The specific manufacturing process includes the following steps.
篩分け：石洗い残渣を１００℃オーブンで乾燥した後、３２μｍの篩網で乾式篩分けを行い、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行い、すべての篩分け残渣篩下物を収集する。 Sieving: After drying the stonewashing residue in an oven at 100°C, dry sieving is performed using a 32 μm sieve mesh, the unsieved material is stored and retained, the sieved material is further crushed, and the powder is sieved. , collect all the sieving residue under the sieve.
溶液調製：各原材料成分を電子計量装置で重量部比に従って秤量し、活性化剤、水を混合して均一に攪拌し、活性化剤溶液を調製し、１２時間冷却する。 Solution preparation: Weigh each raw material component according to the weight part ratio using an electronic weighing device, mix the activator and water, stir evenly, prepare the activator solution, and cool for 12 hours.
材料混合：篩分け後の石洗い残渣と石英砂を撹拌タンクに入れて攪拌し、乾燥粉末を均一に混合するまで攪拌し、活性化剤溶液、減水剤を順次加え、撹拌タンクにて均一に攪拌し、半乾湿混合料を得る。 Mixing of materials: Put the stone washing residue and quartz sand after sieving into a stirring tank, stir, stir until the dry powder is mixed uniformly, add the activator solution and water reducing agent one after another, and mix evenly in the stirring tank. Stir to obtain a semi-dry wet mixture.
材料分配：半乾湿混合料を金型に入れて材料分配処理を行う。 Material distribution: Put the semi-dry and wet mixture into the mold and perform the material distribution process.
活性化成形：材料分配済みの材料を熱圧成形装置により同期加熱と機械加圧を行い、同期加熱温度は１００℃であり、同期機械加圧の強度は６０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であり、同期加熱加圧時間は３０分間である。 Activation molding: The distributed material is subjected to synchronous heating and mechanical pressure using a thermoforming device.The synchronous heating temperature is 100℃, the intensity of synchronous mechanical pressing is 60kg/ cm2 , and the synchronous heating and The pressure time is 30 minutes.
養生：成形された試験ブロック付きの金型を養生室にて１日間養生する。 Curing: The mold with the molded test block is cured in a curing room for one day.
離型：養生済みの試験ブロックを離型処理する。 Mold release: Release the cured test block from the mold.
本実施例は、建築硬化材料を製造した。重量部によって計算する製造原料は、石洗い残渣５０部、石英砂２５部、活性化剤６部、水１１部、減水剤１部とする。 In this example, an architectural hardening material was produced. The manufacturing raw materials, calculated in parts by weight, are 50 parts of stone washing residue, 25 parts of quartz sand, 6 parts of activator, 11 parts of water, and 1 part of water reducing agent.
そのうち、活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウムと液状ケイ酸ナトリウムとを混合して作られたものであり、そのうち、水酸化ナトリウムは２．２部とし、液状ケイ酸ナトリウムは３．８部とする。減水剤はポリカルボン酸系減水剤であり、減水剤としては市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤のいずれも適用可能である。 Among them, the activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate, of which sodium hydroxide is 2.2 parts and liquid sodium silicate is 3.8 parts. . The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and any commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can be used as the water reducing agent.
具体的な製造プロセスは、以下のステップを含む。 The specific manufacturing process includes the following steps.
篩分け：石洗い残渣を９０℃オーブンで乾燥した後、４５μｍの篩網で乾式篩分けを行い、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行い、すべての篩分け残渣篩下物を収集する。 Sieving: After drying the stone washing residue in an oven at 90°C, dry sieving is performed using a 45 μm sieve screen, the unsieved material is stored and retained, the sieved material is further crushed, and the powder is sieved. , collect all the sieving residue under the sieve.
溶液調製：各原材料成分を電子計量装置で重量部比に従って秤量し、活性化剤、水を混合して均一に攪拌し、活性化剤溶液を調製し、１２時間冷却する。 Solution preparation: Weigh each raw material component according to the weight part ratio using an electronic weighing device, mix the activator and water, stir evenly, prepare the activator solution, and cool for 12 hours.
材料混合：篩分け後の石洗い残渣と石英砂を撹拌タンクに入れて攪拌し、乾燥粉末を均一に混合するまで攪拌し、活性化剤溶液、減水剤を順次加え、撹拌タンクにて均一に攪拌し、半乾湿混合料を得る。 Mixing of materials: Put the stone washing residue and quartz sand after sieving into a stirring tank, stir, stir until the dry powder is mixed uniformly, add the activator solution and water reducing agent one after another, and mix evenly in the stirring tank. Stir to obtain a semi-dry wet mixture.
材料分配：半乾湿混合料を金型に入れて材料分配処理を行う。 Material distribution: Put the semi-dry and wet mixture into the mold and perform the material distribution process.
活性化成形：材料分配済みの材料を熱圧成形装置により同期加熱と機械加圧を行い、同期加熱温度は１６０℃であり、同期機械加圧の強度は２００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であり、同期加熱加圧時間は１５分間である。 Activation molding: The distributed material is subjected to synchronous heating and mechanical pressure using a thermoforming device.The synchronous heating temperature is 160℃, the intensity of synchronous mechanical pressing is 200kg/ cm2 , and the synchronous heating and The pressure time is 15 minutes.
養生：成形された試験ブロック付きの金型を養生室にて１日間養生する。 Curing: The mold with the molded test block is cured in a curing room for one day.
離型：養生済みの試験ブロックを離型処理する。 Mold release: Release the cured test block from the mold.
本実施例は、建築硬化材料を製造した。重量部によって計算する製造原料は、石洗い残渣５５部、石英砂３０部、活性化剤７．８部、水１２部、減水剤２部とする。 In this example, an architectural hardening material was produced. The manufacturing raw materials, calculated in parts by weight, are 55 parts of stone washing residue, 30 parts of quartz sand, 7.8 parts of activator, 12 parts of water, and 2 parts of water reducing agent.
そのうち、活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウムと液状ケイ酸ナトリウムとを混合して作られたものであり、そのうち、水酸化ナトリウムは３部とし、液状ケイ酸ナトリウムは４．８部とする。減水剤はポリカルボン酸系減水剤であり、減水剤としては市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤のいずれも適用可能である。 The activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate, of which 3 parts of sodium hydroxide and 4.8 parts of liquid sodium silicate. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and any commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can be used as the water reducing agent.
篩分け：石洗い残渣を１１０℃オーブンで乾燥した後、５８μｍの篩網で乾式篩分けを行い、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行い、すべての篩分け残渣篩下物を収集する。 Sieving: After drying the stone washing residue in an oven at 110°C, dry sieving is performed using a 58 μm sieve screen, the unsieved material is stored and retained, the sieved material is further crushed, and the powder is sieved. , collect all the sieving residue under the sieve.
溶液調製：各原材料成分を電子計量装置で重量部比に従って秤量し、活性化剤、水を混合して均一に攪拌し、活性化剤溶液を調製し、１２時間冷却する。 Solution preparation: Weigh each raw material component according to the weight part ratio using an electronic weighing device, mix the activator and water, stir evenly, prepare the activator solution, and cool for 12 hours.
材料混合：篩分け後の石洗い残渣と石英砂を撹拌タンクに入れて攪拌し、乾燥粉末を均一に混合するまで攪拌し、活性化剤溶液、減水剤を順次加え、撹拌タンクにて均一に攪拌し、半乾湿混合料を得る。 Mixing of materials: Put the stone washing residue and quartz sand after sieving into a stirring tank, stir, stir until the dry powder is mixed uniformly, add the activator solution and water reducing agent one after another, and mix evenly in the stirring tank. Stir to obtain a semi-dry wet mixture.
材料分配：半乾湿混合料を金型に入れて材料分配処理を行う。 Material distribution: Put the semi-dry and wet mixture into the mold and perform the material distribution process.
活性化成形：材料分配済みの材料を熱圧成形装置により同期加熱と機械加圧を行い、同期加熱温度は２４０℃であり、同期機械加圧の強度は３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であり、同期加熱加圧時間は１０分間である。 Activation molding: The distributed material is subjected to synchronous heating and mechanical pressure using a thermoforming device.The synchronous heating temperature is 240℃, the strength of synchronous mechanical pressing is 300kg/ cm2 , and the synchronous heating and The pressure time is 10 minutes.
養生：成形された試験ブロック付きの金型を養生室にて１日間養生する。 Curing: The mold with the molded test block is cured in a curing room for one day.
離型：養生済みの試験ブロックを離型処理する。 Mold release: Release the cured test block from the mold.
本実施例は、建築硬化材料を製造した。重量部によって計算する製造原料は、石洗い残渣６０部、石英砂３０部、活性化剤１１部、水１５部、減水剤２部とする。 In this example, an architectural hardening material was produced. The manufacturing raw materials, calculated in parts by weight, are 60 parts of stone washing residue, 30 parts of quartz sand, 11 parts of activator, 15 parts of water, and 2 parts of water reducing agent.
そのうち、活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウムと液状ケイ酸ナトリウムとを混合して作られたものであり、そのうち、水酸化ナトリウムは４．６部とし、液状ケイ酸ナトリウムは６．４部とする。減水剤はポリカルボン酸系減水剤であり、減水剤としては市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤のいずれも適用可能である。 Among them, the activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate, of which sodium hydroxide is 4.6 parts and liquid sodium silicate is 6.4 parts. . The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and any commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can be used as the water reducing agent.
篩分け：石洗い残渣を１００℃オーブンで乾燥した後、７５μｍの篩網で乾式篩分けを行い、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行い、すべての篩分け残渣篩下物を収集する。 Sieving: After drying the stone washing residue in an oven at 100°C, dry sieving is performed using a 75 μm sieve screen, the unsieved material is stored and retained, the sieved material is further crushed, and the powder is sieved. , collect all the sieving residue under the sieve.
溶液調製：各原材料成分を電子計量装置で重量部比に従って秤量し、活性化剤、水を混合して均一に攪拌し、活性化剤溶液を調製し、１２時間冷却する。 Solution preparation: Weigh each raw material component according to the weight part ratio using an electronic weighing device, mix the activator and water, stir evenly, prepare the activator solution, and cool for 12 hours.
材料混合：篩分け後の石洗い残渣と石英砂を撹拌タンクに入れて攪拌し、乾燥粉末を均一に混合するまで攪拌し、活性化剤溶液、減水剤を順次加え、撹拌タンクにて均一に攪拌し、半乾湿混合料を得る。 Mixing of materials: Put the stone washing residue and quartz sand after sieving into a stirring tank, stir, stir until the dry powder is mixed uniformly, add the activator solution and water reducing agent one after another, and mix evenly in the stirring tank. Stir to obtain a semi-dry wet mixture.
材料分配：半乾湿混合料を金型に入れて材料分配処理を行う。 Material distribution: Put the semi-dry and wet mixture into the mold and perform the material distribution process.
活性化成形：材料分配済みの材料を熱圧成形装置により同期加熱と機械加圧を行い、同期加熱温度は１００℃であり、同期機械加圧の強度は４００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であり、同期加熱加圧時間は１０分間である。 Activation molding: The distributed material is subjected to synchronous heating and mechanical pressure using a thermoforming device.The synchronous heating temperature is 100℃, the intensity of synchronous mechanical pressing is 400kg/ cm2 , and the synchronous heating and The pressure time is 10 minutes.
養生：成形された試験ブロック付きの金型を養生室にて１日間養生する。 Curing: The mold with the molded test block is cured in a curing room for one day.
離型：養生済みの試験ブロックを離型処理する。 Mold release: Release the cured test block from the mold.
対比例１：
本対比例は、建築硬化材料を製造した。製造プロセスでは、活性化成形加熱加圧しないという点で、実施例２とは異なる。
Comparison 1:
In this comparative example, a construction hardening material was manufactured. The manufacturing process differs from Example 2 in that activation molding, heating, and pressing are not performed.
重量部によって計算する製造原料は、石洗い残渣５０部、石英砂２５部、活性化剤６部、水１１部、減水剤１部とする。 The manufacturing raw materials, calculated in parts by weight, are 50 parts of stone washing residue, 25 parts of quartz sand, 6 parts of activator, 11 parts of water, and 1 part of water reducing agent.
そのうち、活性化剤は、水酸化ナトリウムと液状ケイ酸ナトリウムとを混合して作られたものであり、そのうち、水酸化ナトリウムは２．２部とし、液状ケイ酸ナトリウムは３．８部とする。減水剤はポリカルボン酸系減水剤であり、減水剤としては市販のポリカルボン酸系減水剤のいずれも適用可能である。 Among them, the activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and liquid sodium silicate, of which sodium hydroxide is 2.2 parts and liquid sodium silicate is 3.8 parts. . The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and any commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent can be used as the water reducing agent.
篩分け：石洗い残渣を９０℃オーブンで乾燥した後、４５μｍの篩網で乾式篩分けを行い、篩下物を貯蔵保留し、篩上物をさらに破砕し、粉末に対して篩分けを行い、すべての篩分け残渣篩下物を収集する。 Sieving: After drying the stone washing residue in an oven at 90°C, dry sieving is performed using a 45 μm sieve screen, the unsieved material is stored and retained, the sieved material is further crushed, and the powder is sieved. , collect all the sieving residue under the sieve.
溶液調製：各原材料成分を電子計量装置で重量部比に従って秤量し、活性化剤、水を混合して均一に攪拌し、活性化剤溶液を調製し、１２時間冷却する。 Solution preparation: Weigh each raw material component according to the weight part ratio using an electronic weighing device, mix the activator and water, stir evenly, prepare the activator solution, and cool for 12 hours.
材料混合：篩分け後の石洗い残渣と石英砂を撹拌タンクに入れて攪拌し、乾燥粉末を均一に混合するまで攪拌し、活性化剤溶液、減水剤を順次加え、撹拌タンクにて均一に攪拌し、半乾湿混合料を得る。 Mixing of materials: Put the stone washing residue and quartz sand after sieving into a stirring tank, stir, stir until the dry powder is mixed uniformly, add the activator solution and water reducing agent one after another, and mix evenly in the stirring tank. Stir to obtain a semi-dry wet mixture.
材料分配：半乾湿混合料を金型に入れて材料分配処理を行う。 Material distribution: Put the semi-dry and wet mixture into the mold and perform the material distribution process.
養生：成形された試験ブロック付きの金型を養生室にて１日間養生する。 Curing: The mold with the molded test block is cured in a curing room for one day.
離型：養生済みの試験ブロックを離型処理する。 Mold release: Release the cured test block from the mold.
試験例：
上記実施例と対比例で製造された試験試料に対して耐圧強度試験（ＧＢ／Ｔ １４６８４－２０１１）を行った。試験結果は、次表に示すとおりである。
Test example:
A pressure strength test (GB/T 14684-2011) was conducted on test samples manufactured in the above examples and comparative examples. The test results are shown in the table below.
活性化残渣硬化材料の実施例１、実施例２、実施例３、実施例４及び非活性化残渣硬化材料の対比例の耐圧強度は、表１に示すとおりである。 Table 1 shows the compressive strength of Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the activated residue-cured materials and a comparative example of the non-activated residue-cured materials.
表１から分かるように、本発明の方法で活性化した石洗い残渣製硬化材料の耐圧強度は、非活性化残渣硬化材料よりも著しく高く、且つ高温か焼により廃棄残渣を活性化する必要がない。 As can be seen from Table 1, the compressive strength of the stone washing residue cured material activated by the method of the present invention is significantly higher than that of the non-activated residue cured material, and it is not necessary to activate the waste residue by high temperature calcination. do not have.
また、表１における実施例１、実施例２及び実施例３から分かるように、加熱温度が高いほど加圧強度が大きくなり、製造された活性化残渣硬化材料の耐圧強度が高くなり、且つ所要の加温加圧時間も短く、温度と圧力強度が原材料の溶解速度を速くし、より短い時間で活性化反応を完了させ、且つ活性化後の性能がより優れていることが示唆された。このことから分かるように、本発明の方法で活性化された残渣の性能は、非活性化残渣の性能よりも有意に優れている。 Furthermore, as can be seen from Examples 1, 2, and 3 in Table 1, the higher the heating temperature, the greater the pressure strength, and the higher the pressure resistance of the produced activated residue cured material, The heating and pressurizing time was also short, suggesting that the temperature and pressure intensity accelerate the dissolution rate of the raw materials, completing the activation reaction in a shorter time, and the performance after activation is better. As can be seen, the performance of the residue activated by the method of the present invention is significantly better than that of the non-activated residue.
上述の通り、本発明は、機械的加圧方式とアルカリ活性化及び加温加熱技術を利用して、残渣に対して機械的及び化学的活性化を行い、加熱加圧とアルカリ活性化の作用下で、残渣の物理化学的性能を変化させ、より活性高いケイ素とアルミニウムを含有する酸化物が得られ、火山灰活性を備えた。同時に、反応に参加しない水分の少量が水蒸気となり、同期加圧過程でより排出されやすく、基体を緊密にすることによって、高強度が生じ、残渣の活性を最大限に向上させ、原材料を迅速に溶解させ、比較的短い時間以内で活性化反応を完成させ、ゲル物性を有する生成物を生成し、廃棄残渣堆積による環境汚染問題を解決するだけでなく、廃棄資源の回収利用を最大化し、省エネ環境保護、しかもコストを効率的に低減させ、幅広い市場の将来性がある。 As mentioned above, the present invention uses a mechanical pressurization method, alkali activation, and heating and heating technology to mechanically and chemically activate the residue, and the effects of heating, pressing, and alkali activation. By changing the physicochemical performance of the residue, more active silicon- and aluminum-containing oxides were obtained with volcanic ash activity. At the same time, a small amount of water that does not participate in the reaction becomes water vapor, which is more easily discharged in the synchronous pressurization process, and by making the substrate tighter, high strength is produced, maximally improving the activity of the residue, and quickly converting the raw materials. It dissolves and completes the activation reaction within a relatively short time, producing a product with gel properties, which not only solves the environmental pollution problem caused by waste residue accumulation, but also maximizes the recovery and use of waste resources and saves energy. It protects the environment, reduces costs efficiently, and has a wide market potential.
以上、実施例を結び付けながら、本発明について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、当業者であれば、本発明の技術的思想内で様々な変形を行うことができる。 Although the present invention has been described in detail in connection with the embodiments above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications within the technical idea of the present invention. be able to.
Claims (9)
石英砂：１５部～３０部、
活性化剤：３部～１１部、
減水剤：０．１部～２部、
水：７部～１５部、
以上の重量部によって計算する製造原料を含み、
前記石洗い残渣の粒径は、４５μｍ以上７５μｍ未満の篩により選別された篩下物のものであり、耐圧強度が５５．８ＭＰａ以上であることを特徴とする建築硬化材料。 Stone washing residue: 45 parts to 60 parts,
Quartz sand: 15 parts to 30 parts,
Activator: 3 parts to 11 parts,
Water reducing agent: 0.1 part to 2 parts,
Water: 7 parts to 15 parts,
Including manufacturing raw materials calculated by parts by weight of
A construction hardening material characterized in that the particle size of the stonewashing residue is that of the unsieved material selected by a sieve of 45 μm or more and less than 75 μm , and the compressive strength is 55.8 MPa or more .
前記石洗い残渣と石英砂とを混合した後、活性化剤、減水剤と水を加え、混合料を得、前記混合料を分配してから活性化反応させることである、ことを特徴とする方法。 A method for producing a hardened architectural material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:
After mixing the stone washing residue and quartz sand, an activator, a water reducing agent and water are added to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is distributed and then subjected to an activation reaction. Method.
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