JP7428014B2 - Structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a structure.

A column-beam joint structure is known in which the columns and beams have a multi-layered structure made of stacked wooden boards, thereby forming a joint without using iron plates such as gusset plates (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . Further, by joining a plurality of such column-beam joint structures, a frame (structure) having a pure rigid frame structure can be constructed (see a comparative example described later).

JP2019-203321A

However, the above-mentioned beam-column joint structure is a combination of three layers: a column-shaped structure on the outside and a beam-shaped structure on the inside, so in order to pass diagonal braces here, one or more additional layers must be combined. is necessary, and the width becomes too large to be practical. For this reason, it is necessary to make each member constituting the structure large (thick), which poses a problem of increased cost.

The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to reduce costs by reducing the size of members.

In order to achieve this purpose, the structure of the present invention has the following features:
A structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined ;
the first cross member is longer than the second cross member;
The first piece is
further comprising a third crossing member that intersects the first crossing member and makes an angle with the horizontal direction at the second angle,
The third cross member is joined to the second cross member of the second piece.
It is characterized by

According to such a structure, since the columns can be formed diagonally, when a horizontal load is applied, it can be resisted by the axial force of the columns (the same effect as a brace can be obtained). Therefore, the size of the member can be reduced, and costs can be reduced. Further, a desired pattern (repetitive pattern) can be formed.

In such a structure, it is desirable that one of the first angle and the second angle be larger than a right angle, and the other of the first angle and the second angle be smaller than a right angle.

Such a structure can resist horizontal loads in both horizontal directions.

In addition, it is a structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
A plurality of the first pieces and the second pieces are each provided,
further comprising a third piece;
The third piece is
a first vertical member;
a first diagonal member connecting the first cross member of the first piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member;
a second diagonal member connecting the second cross member of the second piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member;
Equipped with
It is characterized by

According to such a structure, a horizontal end portion can be formed.

In addition, it is a structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
A plurality of the first pieces and the second pieces are each provided,
further comprising a fourth piece;
The fourth piece is
a second vertical member;
A first horizontal member of the first piece that is closest to the second vertical member, or a second horizontal member that connects the second horizontal member of the second piece that is closest to the second vertical member and the second vertical member. 3 horizontal members;
Equipped with
A structure characterized by:

According to such a structure, a horizontal end portion can be formed.

In such a structure, each piece is preferably formed by laminating a plurality of layers of wooden boards.

According to such a structure, a structure similar to a brace can be easily formed using pieces made of wood board materials laminated in multiple layers.

In addition, it is a structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
Each piece is made of multiple layers of wood planks.
The plurality of layers are
An inner layer created using the through-hole method,
a pair of outer layers provided by the GIR construction method and arranged outside the inner layer;
It is characterized by having the following.

According to such a structure, the strength and rigidity of the intersection parts of the members can be increased.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce costs.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the first piece 10. FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the second piece 20. FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a third piece 30. FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a fourth piece 40. FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 2nd embodiment. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a joint piece 60. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a column-beam joint structure 100 used in a structure of a comparative example. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a column-beam joint structure 100. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a comparative example.

===First embodiment===
Hereinafter, a structure according to the present invention will be explained using the drawings. First, before describing this embodiment, a comparative example will be described.

≪Structure of comparative example≫
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a column-beam joint structure 100 used in a structure of a comparative example. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the column-beam joint structure 100. In this comparative example, as shown in the figure, the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction, which are orthogonal to each other, are defined. The Z direction is the vertical direction (that is, the direction along the vertical direction) when the pillar is vertically erected. Hereinafter, the Z direction will also be referred to as the vertical direction. Further, the X direction and the Y direction are directions perpendicular to the up-down direction (horizontal direction). Here, the lamination direction of the wooden boards constituting the column-beam joint structure is defined as the Y direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the Y direction (and Z direction) is defined as the X direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the columns 110 and beams 120 joined by the column-beam joint structure 100 of the comparative example have a substantially rectangular cross section, and are made of plate-shaped materials such as sawn timber, laminated timber, LVL, etc. Wooden boards are stacked, and a binding material 130 is penetrated in the direction of the stacking (Y direction) and integrated. In addition, in the drawing, the binding material 130 is only partially shown because the drawing becomes unclear if all the binding materials that bind the laminated wooden boards and all the binding materials that join the columns and beams are shown. do.

In the following description, the wooden board placed in the middle of the three wooden boards that make up the column 110 will be referred to as the inner-column wood board 111, and the pair of wood boards sandwiching the inner-column wood board 111 from both sides will be referred to as the outer-column wood board. This will be referred to as a wooden board 112. Furthermore, the wooden board placed in the middle of the three wooden boards constituting the beam 120 is referred to as a beam inner wood board 121, and a pair of wood boards sandwiching the beam inner wood board 121 from both sides is referred to as a beam outer wood board 122. It will be called.

The three wooden boards that make up the column 110 and the three wood boards that make up the beam 120 are all laminated veneer boards made by laminating and bonding a plurality of veneers with their fiber directions aligned. LVL is used for the plate material. It should be noted that each of the wooden boards (wood) constituting the pillars 110 and beams 120 is a material with strong anisotropy, and has high strength and rigidity in the fiber direction, and low strength and rigidity in other directions. It has been known. In FIGS. 8 and 9, the fiber direction of each wooden board is indicated by an arrow on the surface of each wooden board.

The fibers of both the column inner wooden board material 111 and the pair of column outer wooden board materials 112 that constitute the column 110 are along the vertical direction (Z direction). In addition, a column opening 112a is formed in the column outer wooden board 112 constituting the column 110 at a position where the beam 120 is joined, which penetrates in the horizontal direction and in the in-plane direction of the column outer wooden board 112. .

The fiber direction of the inner beam wood board 121 constituting the beam 120 is along the vertical direction (Z direction) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the beam 120, and the fiber direction of the pair of outer beam wood boards 122 is is along the longitudinal direction of the beam 120 (here, the X direction). Note that as the beam inner wooden board material 121, LVL is arranged so that the fiber direction is along the vertical direction (Z direction). If the length of the material (length in the X direction) is insufficient due to the fiber direction being along the vertical direction, it may be used by joining with a finger joint (see FIG. 9).

One end surface of the pair of beam outer wooden boards 122 cut into a rectangular shape is in contact with the side surface of the column outer wood board 112, respectively. Furthermore, the beam outer wooden plate 122 and the column outer wooden plate 112 are joined along the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the beam 120 by a steel rod 140 extending between the beam outer wooden plate 122 and the column outer wooden plate 112. In order to perform the connection using the steel rod 140, the two beam outer wooden plates 122 separated by the column outer wooden plate 112 are each provided with a beam opening 122a extending in the X direction from the end face on the column 110 side. The column outer wooden board material 112 is provided with a column opening 112a along the X direction of the column outer wooden board material 112.

The beam aperture 122a and the column aperture 112a are provided at positions where they are connected when the column outer wooden plate 112 and the beam outer wooden plate 122 are joined. The steel rod 140 is arranged so as to span the beam hole 122a and the column hole 112a, and is bonded with an adhesive. This joining method in which a steel rod or the like is inserted into the joint of wood and fixed with adhesive is called the glue-in-rod (GIR) method. In the following description, descriptions of steel bars, holes, etc. in parts joined by the same joining method (GIR method) will be omitted.

The beam inner wood board 121 provided between the pair of column outer wood boards 112 and the pair of beam outer wood boards 122 is connected to the two beam outer wood boards 122 joined to both sides of the column outer wood board 112 in the laminating direction ( (Y direction) and is joined to the column outer wooden board 112 and the two beam outer wooden boards 122 by binding members 130. At this time, the portion of the beam inner wooden board material 121 that is joined by the finger joint (the central part in the X direction) is located at the center of the column inner wood board material 111 in the width direction (X direction). Further, at the end of the beam 120 on the opposite side from the column 110, a pair of beam outer wooden plates 122 protrude further outward than the beam inner wooden plates 121 (to the side away from the column 110).

The column inner wood board material 111 is divided into upper and lower parts by the beam inner wood board material 121. These upper and lower column inner wood boards 111 are both stacked on the column outer wood boards 112 in the stacking direction (Y direction), and the lower surface of the upper column inner wood board 111 is on the upper surface of the beam inner wood board 121. The upper surfaces of the column inner wooden plates 111 are in contact with the lower surfaces of the beam inner wooden plates 121, respectively, and are joined to the pair of column outer wooden plates 112 by binding materials 130.

In this way, the beam inner wooden board material 121 divides the column inner wood board material 111 and is provided so as to penetrate (penetrate) the pillar 110. This construction method is called the through construction method. Note that kan refers to a horizontal piece of material that is passed between members such as columns, and the kan method is a traditional construction method used for wooden buildings such as shrines and temples.

According to the column-beam joint structure 100 of this comparative example, at the joint between the column 110 and the beam 120, there is a portion where the column 110 divides the beam 120 (so-called column-crossing) and a portion where the beam 120 divides the column 110. There are a mixture of parts that are in the middle of the day (so-called Liang-Kachi). Therefore, initial rigidity is high and residual deformation is less likely to occur. Therefore, it is possible to increase the strength and rigidity of the joint.

Further, the fiber direction of the column inner wood board material 111 and the fiber direction of the beam inner wood board material 121 that divides the column inner wood board material 111 are the same direction. Therefore, the bending moment of the beam 120 acts as a bearing pressure in the longitudinal direction (fiber direction) of the column 110 from the divided beam inner wooden plate 121 to the divided portion of the column inner wooden plate 111. Damage such as the end of the beam 120 sinking into the column 110 is unlikely to occur. Further, at this time, since the area on which the bearing pressure from the beam inner side wooden board material 121 acts is the entire width of the column 110, it is possible to secure a wider area on which the bearing pressure acts.

Also, the beam inner wooden board 121 of the beam 120 divides the column inner wooden board 111, so that the lower surface of the upper column inner wooden board 111 is on the upper surface of the beam inner wooden board 121, and the lower column inner wooden board 111 The upper surface is in contact with the lower surface of the inner beam wooden board material 121, respectively. Therefore, the joint between the column 110 and the beam 120 has high initial rigidity, and residual deformation is unlikely to occur. Further, since the fiber direction of the pair of outer column wooden boards 112 sandwiching the inner column wooden board 111 is the same as that of the inner column wooden boards 111, it is possible to ensure high strength of the column 110. Therefore, it is possible to increase the strength and rigidity of the joint.

In this example, the beam inner side wooden board material 121 is made of LVL, and the fiber directions are all along the Z direction (vertical direction), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the inner beam wood board material 121 may be composed of LVB, LVLB species, plywood, LVL stacked (LVL laminate), etc. In this case, the ratio of the fiber direction along the vertical direction is 15 to 100%. preferable. This makes it easier to cause the bending moment of the beam 120 to act as a bearing pressure from the beam inner wood board material 121 in the fiber direction of the column 110, compared to a case where the fiber directions are all along the longitudinal direction (X direction). Further, the strength and rigidity of the column 110 against loads in the vertical direction can be increased.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a comparative example. By arranging and joining a plurality of column-beam joint structures 100 of FIG. 8 in the Z direction and the X direction, a pure rigid frame structure (structure) as shown in FIG. 10 can be constructed. Note that, as shown in the figure, the column-beam joint structures 100 (columns 110) adjacent in the Z direction (vertical direction) are joined by the GIR method. Furthermore, a splint material 125 is arranged between the beams 120 (specifically, the opposing beam inner side wooden boards 121) of the column-beam joint structures 100 that are adjacent in the X direction (the width direction of the columns). A penetration hole 122b and a penetration hole 125a for penetrating the binding material 130 are formed in the beam outer wooden board material 122 and the splint material 125 at positions overlapping in the Y direction, respectively.

Then, by inserting the binding material 130 into the penetration hole 122b and the penetration hole 125a while the splint material 125 is sandwiched between the beam outside wood board material 122 from both sides, the beam outside wood board material 122 and the splint material 125 are joined. . Thereby, adjacent column-beam joint structures 100 can be joined in the horizontal direction.

However, in the case of this comparative example, the pillar 110 and the beam 120 are perpendicular to each other, and the joint thereof is formed by a combination of three layers of wooden boards, with the pillar on the outside and the beam on the inside. In order to pass diagonal braces here, it is necessary to combine one or more layers, which would make the width too large and impractical. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the size (thickness) of each member, which poses a problem in that the amount of wood used increases and the cost increases. Therefore, in this embodiment, the columns are formed diagonally so that when a horizontal load is applied, the axial force of the column portion can resist (the same effect as a brace can be obtained). This allows the size of the members to be made smaller (thinner), thereby reducing costs.

<<Structure of this embodiment>>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment. Further, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the first piece 10, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the second piece 20. Further, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the third piece 30, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the fourth piece 40.

Also in this embodiment, the X direction, Y direction, and Z direction, which are orthogonal to each other, are determined as in the comparative example. The Z direction (vertical direction) is a direction along the vertical direction. Further, the X direction and the Y direction are directions perpendicular to the up-down direction (horizontal direction), the direction in which the wooden boards are stacked is the Y direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the Y direction (and Z direction) is the X direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of this embodiment is constructed by combining a plurality of pieces. In FIG. 1, members perpendicular to the Z direction (members along the X direction) correspond to beams, and members diagonally or perpendicular to the beams correspond to columns. In the following description, the angle at the upper right side of the drawing at the point where each member intersects (intersection point) is defined as the intersection angle.

The structure of the first embodiment includes a first piece 10, a second piece 20, a third piece 30, and a fourth piece 40. A plurality of each piece is provided. Of these, the first piece 10 and the second piece 20 mainly constitute the structural surface of the structure, and the third piece constitutes the end (end in the X direction) of the structure. They are piece 30 and fourth piece 40. In this embodiment, each of these pieces (first piece 10 to fourth piece 40) is a wooden member, and each has a three-layer structure similarly to the comparative example (see FIGS. 2 to 5). In FIGS. 2 to 5, the fiber direction of each member (wooden member) is indicated by an arrow.

<1st piece 10>
The first piece 10 includes a horizontal member 10A (corresponding to a first horizontal member), a cross member 10B (corresponding to a first cross member), and a cross member 10C (corresponding to a third cross member). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first piece 10 has a three-layer structure including an inner layer 11 and a pair of outer layers 12 that sandwich the inner layer 11 from both sides (that is, arranged outside the inner layer 11). It is formed of. Both the central (inner) inner layer 11 and the pair of outer layers 12 are made of wood board material.

The horizontal member 10A has a longitudinal direction along the X direction (horizontal direction), and is a part that constitutes a beam in the structure. The horizontal member 10A is composed of an inner wooden board 11a of the inner layer 11 and a pair of outer wooden boards 12a of the outer layer 12.

The crossing member 10B is a member that intersects with the horizontal member 10A, and is a part that constitutes a column in the structure. The crossing member 10B intersects the horizontal member 10A at an angle θ1. The angle θ1 is an angle other than a right angle, and is 120 degrees in this embodiment. That is, the crossing member 10B intersects the horizontal member 10A diagonally (not perpendicularly). The cross member 10B is composed of an inner wooden board 11b of the inner layer 11 and a pair of outer wooden boards 12b of the outer layer 12.

The cross member 10C intersects with the cross member 10B below the horizontal member 10A. The angle between the crossing member 10C and the horizontal direction (X direction) is θ2 (60 degrees in this embodiment), which is equal to the crossing angle between the horizontal member 20A and the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20, which will be described later. Thereby, the cross member 10C can be joined to the cross member 20B of the second piece 20. The cross member 10C is composed of an inner wooden board 11c of the inner layer 11 and a pair of outer wooden boards 12c of the outer layer 12.

The inner wood board material 11b of the inner layer 11 is divided by the inner wood board material 11a and the inner wood board material 11c (through construction method). At the part where the inner wood board 11b is divided by the inner wood board 11a and the part where the inner wood board 11b is divided by the inner wood board 11c, opposing surfaces are in contact with each other, resulting in surface contact.

On the other hand, the outer wood board 12b of the outer layer 12 separates the outer wood board 12a and the outer wood board 12c. The outer wood board material 12b and the outer wood board material 12a, and the outer wood board material 12b and the outer wood board material 12c are each joined by the GIR method.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the first piece 10 is sandwiched between the pair of outer layers 12 (laminated in the Y direction) and fixed with binding material (not shown). It is formed.

In addition, among the members constituting the first piece 10, each member except the inner wood board material 11a and the inner wood board material 11c of the inner layer 11 is a veneer lamination made by laminating and bonding a plurality of veneers with their fiber directions aligned. material (LVL) is used. The fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction.

The inner wood board material 11a and the inner wood board material 11c of the inner layer 11 are made of plywood in which a plurality of veneers are laminated with their fiber directions perpendicular to each other, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%. .

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of each joint portion (crossing portion) of each member (horizontal member 10A, crossing member 10B, crossing member 10C) of the first piece 10 can be increased.

<Second piece 20>
The second piece 20 includes a horizontal member 20A (corresponding to a second horizontal member) and a cross member 20B (corresponding to a second cross member). Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the second piece 20 has a three-layer structure including an inner layer 21 and a pair of outer layers 22 that sandwich the inner layer 21 from both sides. Both the central inner layer 21 and the pair of outer layers 22 are made of wood board material.

The horizontal member 20A has a longitudinal direction along the X direction, and is joined to the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 (or the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40) to form a beam. The horizontal member 20A is composed of an inner wooden board 21a of the inner layer 21 and a pair of inner wooden boards 21b of the outer layer 22.

The crossing member 20B is a member that intersects with the horizontal member 20A, and is a part that constitutes a column. The crossing member 20B intersects the horizontal member 20A at an angle θ2. The angle θ2 is an angle excluding the right angle and the angle θ1, and is 60 degrees in this embodiment. That is, the crossing member 20B intersects the horizontal member 20A diagonally (not perpendicularly). The cross member 20B is composed of an inner wooden board 21b of the inner layer 21 and a pair of outer wooden boards 22b of the outer layer 22.

The inner wood board material 21b of the inner layer 21 is divided by the inner wood board material 21a (through construction method). At the part where the inner wood board material 21b is divided by the inner wood board material 21a, the opposing surfaces are in contact with each other, resulting in surface contact.

On the other hand, the outer wood board material 22b of the outer layer 22 divides the outer wood board material 22a. The outer wood board material 22b and the outer wood board material 22a are joined by the GIR method.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the second piece 20 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 21 between the pair of outer layers 22 (laminated in the Y direction) and fixing with binding material (not shown). be done.

In addition, among the members constituting the second piece 20, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood board material 21a of the inner layer 21, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction. .

Further, the inner wood board material 21a of the inner layer 21 is made of plywood in which a plurality of veneers are laminated with their fiber directions perpendicular to each other, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (crossing portion) between the horizontal member 20A and the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 can be increased.

<3rd piece 30>
The third piece 30 is provided at the end of the structure in the X direction. The third piece 30 is a member having a substantially K-shaped planar shape, and includes a vertical member 30A (corresponding to the first vertical member), an upper diagonal member 30B (corresponding to the second diagonal member), and a lower diagonal member 30C. (corresponding to the first diagonal member). Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the third piece 30 has a three-layer structure including an inner layer 31 and a pair of outer layers 32 that sandwich the inner layer 31 from both sides. Both the central inner layer 31 and the pair of outer layers 32 are made of wood board material.

The vertical member 30A has a longitudinal direction along the Z direction (vertical direction), and constitutes a column of the structure. The vertical member 30A is composed of an inner wooden board 31a of the inner layer 31 and an outer wooden board 32a of the pair of outer layers 32.

The upper diagonal member 30B protrudes obliquely upward from the vertical member 30A (intersects with the vertical member 30A). The angle between the upper diagonal member 30B and the X direction (horizontal direction) is θ2, which is equal to the intersection angle between the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 and the cross member 20B (the inclination is the same). Therefore, the cross member 20B of the second piece 20 can be joined to the upper diagonal member 30B. In other words, the upper diagonal member 30B is a member that connects the cross member 20B of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 30A and the vertical member 30A. The upper diagonal member 30B is composed of an inner wood board 31b of the inner layer 31 and a pair of outer wood boards 32b of the outer layer 32.

The lower diagonal member 30C protrudes obliquely downward from the vertical member 30A below the upper diagonal member 30B (crosses the vertical member 30A). The angle between the lower diagonal member 30C and the X direction (horizontal direction) is θ1, which is equal to the intersection angle between the horizontal member 10A and the cross member 10B of the first piece 10 (the inclination is the same). Therefore, the cross member 10B of the first piece 10 can be joined to the lower diagonal member 30C. In other words, the lower diagonal member 30C is a member that connects the vertical member 30A and the cross member 10B of the first piece 10 that is closest to the vertical member 30A. The lower diagonal member 30C is composed of an inner wooden board 31c of the inner layer 31 and a pair of outer wooden boards 32c of the outer layer 32.

The outer wood boards 32a and 32b of the outer layer 32, and the outer wood boards 32a and 32c of the outer layers 32 are respectively joined by the GIR method. Further, the inner wood board material 31a of the inner layer 31 is divided into upper and lower parts by the tip portions of the inner wood board material 31b and the inner wood board material 31c. However, the inner wood board 31a may not be divided into upper and lower parts, but may be partially connected (the tip portions of the inner wood board 31b and the inner wood board 31c may just bite into the inner wood board 31a).

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the third piece 30 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 31 between the pair of outer layers 32 (laminated in the Y direction) and fixing with binding material (not shown). be done.

Note that among the members constituting the third piece 30, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood board material 31b and the inner wood board material 31c of the inner layer 31, and the fiber direction of each member is the same as the longitudinal direction of each member. along the direction.

Furthermore, plywood is used for the inner wood board material 31b and the inner wood board material 31c of the inner layer 31, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (crossing portion) between the vertical member 30A of the third piece 30 and the upper diagonal member 30B and the lower diagonal member 30C can be increased.

<4th piece 40>
The fourth piece 40 is provided at the end of the structure in the X direction. Further, the fourth piece 40 is arranged side by side with the third piece 30 in the Z direction. The fourth piece 40 is a member having a substantially T-shaped planar shape, and includes a vertical member 40A (corresponding to a second vertical member) and a horizontal member 40B (corresponding to a third horizontal member). Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fourth piece 40 has a three-layer structure including an inner layer 41 and a pair of outer layers 42 sandwiching the inner layer 41 from both sides. Both the central (inner) inner layer 41 and the pair of outer layers 42 are made of wood board material.

The vertical member 40A has a longitudinal direction along the Z direction (vertical direction), and forms a column of the structure together with the third piece of the vertical member 30A. The vertical member 40A is composed of an inner wooden board 41a of an inner layer 41 and an outer wooden board 42a of a pair of outer layers 42.

The horizontal member 40B protrudes from the vertical member 40A in the X direction (horizontal direction). The horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 is joined to the horizontal member 40B (see FIG. 1). In other words, the horizontal member 40B is a member that connects the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10, which is closest to the vertical member 40A, or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20, and the vertical member 40A. The horizontal member 40B is composed of an inner wooden board 41b of the inner layer 41 and an outer wooden board 42b of the pair of outer layers 42.

Note that the outer wood board material 42b and the outer wood board material 42a of the outer layer 42 are joined by the GIR method. Further, the inner wood board material 41b of the inner layer 41 divides the inner wood board material 41a (through-hole method). At the part where the inner wood board material 41a is divided by the inner wood board material 41b, the opposing surfaces are in contact with each other, resulting in surface contact.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the fourth piece 40 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 41 between the pair of outer layers 42 (laminated in the Y direction) and fixing with binding material (not shown). be done.

Note that among the members constituting the fourth piece 40, LVL is used for the members other than the inner wood board material 41b, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, plywood is used for the inner wooden board material 41b, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (crossing portion) between the vertical member 40A and the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40 can be increased.

The first piece 10, second piece 20, third piece 30, and fourth piece 40 having the above configurations are assembled (joined) as shown in FIG. 1, respectively. This forms the structure shown in FIG.

Specifically, by joining the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 and the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20, a beam along the X direction is formed. Further, by joining the cross members 10B of the first piece 10, a diagonal column (the angle with the horizontal direction is θ1) is formed. Further, by joining the cross member 10C of the first piece 10 and the cross member 20B of the second piece 20, a diagonal column (the angle with the horizontal direction is θ2) is formed. By configuring the pillars that intersect with the beam at an acute angle (θ2) and the pillar that intersect with the beam at an obtuse angle (θ1), it is possible to resist horizontal loads in both horizontal directions. Note that by combining the first piece 10 and the second piece 20, a repeating pattern can be formed, and by arranging a plurality of these patterns, a composition as shown in FIG. 1 can be constructed.

Further, the vertical member 30A of the third piece 30 and the vertical member 40A of the fourth piece 40 form a column extending in the vertical direction, and the first piece 10 and the second piece 20 are connected to the column (third piece 30 or fourth piece 40). Specifically, the cross member 10B of the first piece 10 closest to the vertical member 30A can be joined to the lower diagonal member 30C of the third piece 30. Further, the cross member 20B of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 30A can be joined to the upper diagonal member 30B of the third piece 30. Further, the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 40A of the fourth piece 40 can be joined to the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40. In this way, the third piece 30 and the fourth piece 40 can constitute an end portion of the structure in the horizontal direction (X direction).

As described above, in the structure of this embodiment, since the columns are provided diagonally, when a horizontal load is applied, it can be resisted by the axial force of the columns. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced compared to the structure of the comparative example. Thereby, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

In addition, it is desirable that the parts where each piece is joined in the Z direction (vertical direction) (for example, the joint between the vertical member 30A and the vertical member 40A: the joint between columns) be joined by the GIR method.

In addition, the parts where each piece is joined in the X direction (horizontal direction) (for example, the joint between the horizontal member 10A and the horizontal member 20A: the joint between the beams) are made of inner wooden boards, as in the comparative example (Fig. 10). It is preferable to shorten the length (by making the pair of outer wood planks protrude more than the inner wood planks) and join them together using binding material or the like with a splint material sandwiched between them.

Further, it is desirable that the parts to be joined diagonally (for example, the joint part between the cross member 10C and the cross member 20B: the joint part of diagonal columns) are joined by the GIR method. However, if the GIR construction method is not used, for example, the inner wood planks on one side of the opposing member ends should be made longer (protruding more than the outer wood planks), and the pair of outer wood planks on the other side should be made longer. (protruding beyond the inner wood board material), and the tips may be fitted together and joined using binding material or the like.

As explained above, the structure of this embodiment includes the first piece 10 and the second piece 20. The first piece 10 includes a horizontal member 10A and a cross member 10B that intersects the horizontal member 10A at an angle θ1, and the second piece 20 includes a horizontal member 20A and a cross member 10B that intersects the horizontal member 20A at an angle θ2. It also includes a member 20B. The horizontal member 10A and the horizontal member 20A are joined to form a beam. As a result, in this embodiment, the column can be configured diagonally, and when a horizontal load is applied, it can be resisted by the axial force of the column. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced compared to the structure of the comparative example. Thereby, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

===Second embodiment===
The structure of the second embodiment has the same external shape (pattern) as the first embodiment (FIG. 1). However, the pieces making up the structure are different from the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment. Note that in FIG. 6, parts having the same configuration as those in FIG. Further, FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the sixth piece 60.

In the second embodiment, a fifth piece 50 (corresponding to the first piece) and a sixth piece 60 (corresponding to the joint piece) are used in place of the first piece 10 of the first embodiment.

The fifth piece 50 includes a horizontal member 50A and a cross member 50B. The horizontal member 50A is joined to the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20, and the crossing member 50B intersects the horizontal member 50A at an angle θ1. Note that the fifth piece 50 is the second piece 20 inverted about the vertical direction (that is, θ1=180−θ2), and has the same configuration as the second piece 20. Therefore, detailed explanation will be omitted.

The sixth piece 60 includes a joint member 60A and a joint member 60B. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the second piece 20 has a three-layer structure including an inner layer 61 and a pair of outer layers 62 that sandwich the inner layer 61 from both sides. Both the central inner layer 61 and the pair of outer layers 62 are made of wood board material.

The joint member 60A is a member that connects the cross members 50B of the fifth piece 50 that are vertically adjacent to each other. That is, the angle between the joint member 60A and the horizontal direction is the angle θ1 (equal to the crossing angle between the horizontal member 50A and the crossing member 50B). The joint member 60A is composed of an inner wood board 61a of the inner layer 61 and an outer wood board 62a of the pair of outer layers 62.

The joint member 60B intersects with the joint member 60A, and is a member that connects the cross members 20B of the vertically adjacent second pieces 20 to each other. That is, the angle between the joint member 60B and the horizontal direction is an angle θ2 (equal to the intersecting angle between the horizontal member 20A and the intersecting member 20B). The joint member 60B is composed of an inner wooden board 61b of the inner layer 61 and an outer wooden board 62b of the pair of outer layers 62.

Note that the inner wood board material 61a of the inner layer 61 is divided by the inner wood board material 61b. At the part where the inner wood board material 21b is divided by the inner wood board material 21a, the opposing surfaces are in contact with each other, resulting in surface contact. On the other hand, the outer wood board material 62a of the outer layer 62 divides the outer wood board material 62b. The outer wood board material 62a and the outer wood board material 62b are joined by the GIR method.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the sixth piece 60 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 61 between the pair of outer layers 62 (laminated in the Y direction) and fixing with binding material (not shown) or the like. be done.

Note that among the members constituting the sixth piece 60, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood board material 61a of the inner layer 61, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction. .

Moreover, plywood is used for the inner wood board material 61a of the inner layer 61, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (crossing portion) between the joint member 60A and the joint member 60B of the sixth piece 60 can be increased.

Also in the second embodiment, the same pattern (repetitive pattern) as in the first embodiment can be formed by the second piece 20, the fifth piece 50, and the sixth piece 60. By arranging a plurality of these patterns, a structural surface as shown in FIG. 6 (a beam along the X direction and two pillars with different inclinations) can be constructed. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced compared to the structure of the comparative example. Thereby, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

===Other embodiments===
As mentioned above, the above-mentioned embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to be interpreted as limiting the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention may be modified and improved without departing from its spirit, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

In the embodiment described above, each piece has a three-layer structure, but the structure is not limited to this. For example, it may have a five-layer structure.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, plywood was used as the member for the through-hole construction method (the ratio of the fiber direction along the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction was about 50%), but the invention is not limited to this. For example, LVL, LVB, LVLB types, superposition of LVL (LVL laminate), etc. may be used. In this case, the ratio of the fiber direction along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is preferably 15 to 100%.

10 first piece, 10A horizontal member (first horizontal member),
10B crossing member (first crossing member), 10C crossing member (third crossing member),
11 inner layer, 11a inner wood board material,
11b inner wood board material, 11c inner wood board material,
12 outer layer, 12a outer wood board material,
12b outer wood board material, 12c outer wood board material,
20 second piece,
20A horizontal member (second horizontal member), 20B crossing member (second crossing member),
21 inner layer, 21a inner wood board material, 21b inner wood board material,
22 outer layer, 22a outer wood board material, 22b outer wood board material,
30 third piece, 30A vertical member (first vertical member),
30B upper diagonal member (second diagonal member), 30C lower diagonal member (first diagonal member),
31 inner layer, 31a inner wood board material,
31b inner wood board material, 31c inner wood board material,
32 outer layer, 32a outer wood board material,
32b outer wood board material, 32c outer wood board material,
40 4th piece, 40A vertical member (second vertical member),
40B horizontal member (third horizontal member),
41 inner layer, 41a inner wood board material, 41b inner wood board material,
42 outer layer, 42a outer wood board material, 42b outer wood board material,
50 5th piece (1st piece),
50A horizontal member (first horizontal member), 50B crossing member (first crossing member),
60 6th piece (joint piece),
60A joint member, 60B joint member,
61 inner layer, 61a inner wood board material, 61b inner wood board material,
62 outer layer, 62a outer wood board material, 62b outer wood board material,
110 Column, 111 Column inner wood board material,
112 Column outer wood board material, 112a Column hole,
120 Beam, 121 Beam inner wood board material,
122 Beam outer wooden board material, 122a Beam opening hole, 122b Penetration hole,
125 splice material, 125a penetration hole,
130 binding material, 140 steel rod,

Claims (6)

A structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined ;
the first cross member is longer than the second cross member;
The first piece is
further comprising a third crossing member that intersects the first crossing member and makes an angle with the horizontal direction at the second angle,
The third cross member is joined to the second cross member of the second piece.
A structure characterized by: The structure according to claim 1 ,
one of the first angle and the second angle is larger than a right angle;
the other of the first angle and the second angle is smaller than a right angle;
A structure characterized by: A structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
A plurality of the first pieces and the second pieces are each provided,
further comprising a third piece;
The third piece is
a first vertical member;
a first diagonal member connecting the first cross member of the first piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member;
a second diagonal member connecting the second cross member of the second piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member;
Equipped with
A structure characterized by: A structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
A plurality of the first pieces and the second pieces are each provided,
further comprising a fourth piece;
The fourth piece is
a second vertical member;
A first horizontal member of the first piece that is closest to the second vertical member, or a second horizontal member that connects the second horizontal member of the second piece that is closest to the second vertical member and the second vertical member. 3 horizontal members;
Equipped with
A structure characterized by: The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
Each piece is made of multiple layers of wood planks.
A structure characterized by: A structure composed of multiple pieces,
having a first piece and a second piece;
The first piece is
a first horizontal member;
a first crossing member intersecting the first horizontal member at a first angle other than a right angle;
Equipped with
The second piece is
a second horizontal member;
a second crossing member intersecting the second horizontal member at a right angle and at a second angle other than the first angle;
Equipped with
a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined;
Each piece is made of multiple layers of wood planks.
The plurality of layers are
An inner layer created using the through-hole method,
a pair of outer layers provided by the GIR construction method and arranged outside the inner layer;
A structure characterized by having.

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