JP7440301B2 - Granular material conveying device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a particulate material conveying device equipped with a transport path for transporting particulate materials.

FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1 describes a conveyance device that includes a conveyance section 14 (conveyance path) for conveying an object and discharges the object from the terminal end of the conveyance path. The conveyance device in the same document assumes that the objects to be conveyed are minerals such as coal or iron ore, grains such as wheat or corn, wood chips, earth and sand (see paragraph 0009 of the same document). ). The conveyed objects discharged from the terminal end of the conveyance path fall from the terminal end and accumulate in a mountain shape (see "deposit M" in FIG. 3 of the same document). Conveying devices of this type are often also used for conveying soft granules with adhesive properties.

For example, in plants that recycle dehydrated cake generated at water treatment plants and sewage treatment plants, cement and admixtures are added to the dehydrated cake, and the cake is granulated using a granulation mixer. Improvements are being made to this. In addition, plants that recycle waste such as incineration ash and dust generated at business establishments add cement, water, chemicals, etc. to the waste, knead it, and granulate it with a granulation mixer. Improvements are being made to make it into roadbed materials, backfill materials, etc. In these plants, the above-mentioned conveyance device may be used when conveying the granules granulated by the granulation mixer to the storage yard. However, granules that have just been granulated with a granulation mixer are moist and easily adhere to other objects, and are soft and unstable in shape.

In this way, when soft granular materials with adhesive properties are transported by the above-mentioned transport device, the granular materials discharged from the end of the transport path do not accumulate in a gentle mountain shape, but instead accumulate in a steep mountain shape. I come to do it. For this reason, the pressure applied to each deposited particulate matter (particularly the particulate matter deposited at the center of the lower layer) tends to become large. Therefore, the accumulated granules may be crushed or stuck together with other granules, making the granules unsuitable for use as a product (roadbed material or backfill material).

JP2016-216218A

In order to maintain the form of the granular material (grain shape) even when the soft granular material with adhesive properties falls from the end of the conveyance path, it is necessary to disperse the falling locations of the granular material. It is considered to be effective. For example, if a mechanism for reciprocating the conveyance path in the horizontal direction is provided, this becomes possible. However, in order to realize this mechanism, large-scale equipment is required.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it disperses the falling places of the particulate matter discharged from the end of the conveyance path, and reduces the height of the mountain formed by the accumulated particulate matter. To provide a granular material conveying device that suppresses the crushing and sticking of granular materials due to their own weight and makes it easier to maintain the shape of granular materials. It is also an object of the present invention to realize this granular material conveying device at low cost.

The above-mentioned problem is a granular material conveying device equipped with a conveyance path for conveying granular materials, and a dispersion elastic member that hits the granular materials discharged from the end of the conveyance path to disperse the falling locations of the granular materials. This can be solved by providing a particulate matter conveying device characterized in that it is provided near the end of the conveying path.

This makes it possible to disperse the falling locations of the particulate matter discharged from the terminal end of the conveyance path and to deposit the particulate matter in a gentle mountain shape. Therefore, it is possible to prevent large pressure from being applied to the accumulated particulate matter, thereby preventing the particulate matter from being crushed or sticking to other particulate matter. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily maintain the form of the granules (grain form).

In the granular material conveying device of the present invention, it is preferable that the upper part of the dispersing elastic member is fixed near the end of the conveying path, and the lower part of the dispersing elastic member is in a hanging state. As a result, the dispersing elastic member that is hit by the particulate matter comes to swing. For this reason, it becomes possible to increase the variation in the incident angle and reflection angle of the particulate matter with respect to the dispersion elastic member, thereby further dispersing the places where the particulate matter falls.

In the granular material conveying device of the present invention, when the dispersion elastic member is in a hanging state as described above, the dispersion elastic member has its upper end set as a fixed end and its lower end set as a free end. It may also be formed by a single hanging elastic sheet. However, in this case, if a large number of granules continuously hit the dispersion elastic member, and a force exceeding the restoring force of the dispersion member is applied from the granules to the dispersion elastic member, the dispersion The elastic member remains pressed by the particles and remains tilted, which may reduce the dispersion effect of the dispersion elastic member at the place where the particles fall.

For this reason, it is preferable that the dispersing elastic member is formed of an elastic sheet having a hollow, drop-shaped cross section. As a result, even when a large force is applied to the dispersion elastic member from particulate matter, the dispersion elastic member not only vibrates little by little like a punching ball used in boxing training, but also It also becomes possible to elastically deform the elastic member in the direction in which the granules strike. In addition, since the surface of the dispersion elastic member against which the granular material hits is curved, the direction in which the granular material is bounced back can be greatly varied depending on the location where the granular material hits. Therefore, it becomes possible to more reliably disperse the falling locations of the particulate matter. The dispersing elastic member made of a hollow elastic sheet with a drop-shaped cross section can be obtained, for example, by curving a flat elastic sheet so that the opposite sides thereof overlap, or by forming a mold with a drop-shaped cross section. It can also be manufactured using The dispersing elastic member can also have a form like the above-mentioned punching ball (having a spherical outer surface).

In the granular material conveyance device of the present invention, the dispersion elastic member is introduced from the opposite side (hereinafter referred to as the “back side”) from the side where the conveyance path is located when viewed from the dispersion elastic member (hereinafter referred to as the “front side”). It is also preferable to provide a rebounding member on the back side of the dispersion elastic member for rebounding the dispersion elastic member, which has been displaced to the back side due to the contact with the granules, back to the front side. Thereby, the elastic member for dispersion can be made more difficult to remain tilted toward the back side. This configuration can be particularly suitably employed when the dispersion elastic member is formed of an elastic sheet having a hollow droplet-shaped cross section.

In the granular material conveying device of the present invention, it is preferable that the position of the dispersing elastic member is adjustable. Here, the "position" of the dispersion elastic member refers to the height (position in the vertical direction) and the front-back position (position in the direction connecting the "front side" and "back side" above (front-back direction)). ) as well as the left and right positions (positions in the direction perpendicular to both the up-down direction and the front-back direction (left-right direction)). This makes it possible to arrange the dispersing elastic member at an appropriate location where the falling part of the particulate matter is likely to be dispersed, depending on the speed, trajectory, etc. of the particulate matter discharged from the terminal end of the conveyance path.

As described above, the present invention disperses the falling locations of the particulate matter discharged from the end of the conveyance path and suppresses the height of the mountain formed by the accumulated particulate matter to be lower than before. It becomes possible to provide a granular material conveying device that suppresses crushing and sticking of granular materials and makes it easier to maintain the shape of the granular materials. Furthermore, it is also possible to realize this granular material conveying device at low cost.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the entire particulate matter conveying device of the present invention viewed from the side. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the terminal end of the conveyance path in the granular material conveyance device of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the terminal end of the conveyance path in the granular material conveyance device of the second embodiment.

0. Outline of the granular material conveying device of the present invention A preferred embodiment of the granular material conveying device of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The granular material conveying device of the present invention can be used to transport various granular materials, and the type of granular material to be transported is not particularly limited. However, in the following, for convenience of explanation, we will use as an example the case where granular materials (roadbed material, backfill material, etc.) are transported after adding cement and admixtures to a dehydrated cake and granulating them with a granulation mixer. .

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the entire particulate matter conveying device 1 of the present invention viewed from the side. The granular material conveying device 1 of the present invention includes a conveying path 2, as shown in FIG. The conveyance path 2 is for conveying the granular material G, which is the object to be conveyed, from its starting end 2a to its terminal end 2b. In the example shown in the figure, the conveyance path 2 is inclined so that the terminal end 2b is higher than the starting end 2a. The conveyance path 2 is usually constituted by a belt conveyor, but may be constituted by other conveyance means such as a screw conveyor.

A hopper 3 is provided at the starting end 2a of the conveyance path 2, into which the granular material G to be conveyed is placed. A granulation mixer (not shown) may be disposed above the hopper 3, or a terminal end of another conveyance device (not shown) may be disposed above the hopper 3. On the other hand, a chute box 4 is provided at the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2. A midway portion of the conveyance path 2 (a section between the hopper 3 and the chute box 4) is covered with a duct-shaped cover 5. This makes it possible to prevent foreign matter from getting mixed into the particulate matter G being transported, and to prevent the particulate matter G from getting wet in the rain or being blown away by the wind. A scaffold for work (not shown) may be provided beside the conveyance path 2. Thereby, maintenance of the granular material conveying device 1 can be easily performed.

The granules G to be transported are put into the hopper 3, transported from the starting end 2a to the terminal end 2b of the transport path 2, and then dropped from the chute box 4 to the lower side and piled up in a mountain shape. At this time, if the granules G are accumulated in a steep mountain shape, as shown by _the pile _M1 indicated by the broken line in FIG. Therefore, the particulate matter G in that part is likely to be crushed or stick together with other particulate matter G. When the granules G are crushed or stuck together, the granules G become unsuitable for use as products such as roadbed materials and backfill materials. The reason why the particulate matter G is accumulated in a steep mountain shape like the pile _M1 is considered to be that the particulate matter G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2 falls to a similar place.

In order to suppress crushing and sticking of the granules G, it is preferable to deposit the granules G in a gentle mountain shape, as shown by a pile _M2 indicated by a solid line in FIG. The gentle pile _M2 can be formed by dispersing the places where the granules G fall so as not to concentrate them in one place. In this regard, in the granular material conveyance device 1 of the present invention, a dispersion elastic member 6 is provided near the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2. The particulate matter G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2 is applied to the dispersion elastic member 6 so that the particulate matter G is bounced in various directions, thereby controlling the place where the particulate matter G falls. It is now possible to disperse.

The dispersing elastic member 6 is formed of an elastic member such as rubber. The dispersing elastic member 6 may be in the shape of a block, but is preferably in a form that is easily flexible, such as a plate or a sheet. Further, the dispersion elastic member 6 may be firmly fixed substantially in its entirety, but may not be substantially entirely fixed firmly (only a portion thereof is fixed). preferable. For example, by adopting such a configuration in which only the upper part of the dispersion elastic member 6 is fixed near the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2, and the lower part of the dispersion elastic member 6 is in a hanging state, it is possible to The dispersing elastic member 6 can be easily deformed when the object G hits it, and the dispersion in the direction in which the granular objects G bounce can be further increased. As long as the dispersing elastic member 6 is located near the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2, there is no particular limitation on the location where it is attached. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a dispersion elastic member 6 is attached to the shoot box 4.

By the way, if the dispersing elastic member 6 is formed of an elastic member such as rubber as described above, not only will the falling places of the particulate matter G be dispersed, but also cleaning of the dispersing elastic member 6 will be made easier as described below. There is also the benefit of being more comfortable. That is, since the granules G immediately after being granulated by the granulation mixer usually have a certain degree of viscosity, when they hit the dispersion elastic member 6, a part of them may be on the surface of the dispersion elastic member 6. It may stick and harden. Even in such a case, if the dispersion elastic member 6 is deformed by bending or the like, cracks will be generated in the layer of deposits, and the deposits can be dropped from the dispersion elastic member 6.

In the following, the granular material conveying device of the present invention will be explained by taking two embodiments (a first embodiment and a second embodiment) as examples. However, the technical scope of the granular material conveying device of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The granular material conveying device of the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1. Particulate matter conveying device of first embodiment First, a particulate matter conveying device 1 of the first embodiment will be explained. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the terminal end 2b of the transport path 2 in the granular material transport device 1 of the first embodiment. In the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment, the dispersing elastic member 6 is formed of one elastic sheet, as shown in FIG. The upper end of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is fixed to a fixing part 7 provided on the shoot box 4, and the lower side of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is in a hanging state.

This dispersion elastic member 6 is provided at a position where the particulate matter G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2 comes into contact with the surface (front surface) facing the front side (the conveyance path 2 side). Therefore, when the particulate matter G hits the dispersion elastic member 6, the hanging portion of the dispersion elastic member 6 swings. Therefore, variations in the incident angle and reflection angle of the particulate matter G with respect to the dispersion elastic member 6 become large, and the places where the particulate matter G falls are easily dispersed.

Incidentally, the particulate matter G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2 falls in a parabola, as shown by the bold line arrow in FIG. That is, the direction in which the particulate matter G moves is close to the horizontal direction immediately after the particulate matter G is discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2, but gradually approaches the vertical direction. At what timing during this time (in what direction the granules G are oriented) the granules G are brought into contact with the dispersion elastic member 6 is not particularly limited.

However, when the direction of the granules G becomes close to the vertical direction, that is, when the direction of the granules G becomes approximately parallel to the front surface of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet), the granules G become dispersible. If it hits the elastic member 6, there is a possibility that the falling places of the granular material G will be difficult to be sufficiently dispersed. For this reason, it is preferable that the angle θ (FIG. 2) that the particulate matter G makes with respect to the dispersing elastic member 6 immediately before hitting the dispersing elastic member 6 is made large to some extent (for example, 5° or more).

On the other hand, if the above-mentioned angle θ is too close to 90° (so that the particulate matter G hits the dispersion elastic member 6 approximately perpendicularly), the falling places of the particulate matter G will be too dispersed, and after falling, There is a possibility that it becomes difficult for the particulate matter G to accumulate in a mountain shape. Therefore, it is preferable that the angle θ is 60° or less. The angle θ is more preferably 45° or less, and even more preferably 30° or less. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the angle θ is approximately 10°.

As described above, the degree of dispersion of the particulate matter G changes depending on the state in which the particulate matter G hits the dispersion elastic member 6. For this reason, in the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment, the position of the dispersing elastic member 6 is adjustable. This makes it possible to move the dispersion elastic member 6 to a location where the angle θ falls within the range described above, depending on the speed of the particulate matter G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2. There is.

An example of a mechanism for adjusting the position of the dispersion elastic member 6 is to attach the fixing part 7 to the shoot box 4 in a movable manner. If the fixed part 7 is configured to be movable in the vertical direction with respect to the shoot box 4, it becomes possible to adjust the vertical position (height) of the dispersion elastic member 6, and On the other hand, if the fixed part 7 is structured to be movable in the front-back direction, it becomes possible to adjust the front-back position of the dispersion elastic member 6, and the fixed part 7 can be moved in the left-right direction with respect to the shoot box 4. With this structure, it becomes possible to adjust the horizontal position of the dispersing elastic member 6.

It is not preferable to make the size of the dispersing elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) too small. If the elastic member 6 for dispersion (elastic sheet) is too small, it will be difficult for the granules G discharged from the terminal end 2b of the conveyance path 2 to hit the elastic member 6 for dispersion (elastic sheet), and the elastic member 6 for dispersion will be too small. This is because it becomes difficult to deform. Therefore, the length of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the vertical direction (the length of the hanging portion; the same applies hereinafter) is preferably 30 cm or more. The length of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the vertical direction is more preferably 40 cm or more, and even more preferably 50 cm or more. For the same reason, the width of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the left-right direction is preferably 30 cm or more, more preferably 40 cm or more, and even more preferably 50 cm or more.

However, there is little point in making the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) too large. Therefore, the length of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the vertical direction is preferably 200 cm or less. The length of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the vertical direction is more preferably 150 cm or less, and even more preferably 100 cm or more. For the same reason, the width of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) in the left-right direction is preferably 200 cm or less, more preferably 150 cm or less, and even more preferably 100 cm or less. In the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment, the length in the vertical direction and the width in the horizontal direction of the dispersing elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) are both in the range of 60 to 70 cm.

The thickness of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is not particularly limited. However, if the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is made too thin, the strength of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) will decrease, causing damage such as tearing to the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet). It may become easier. In addition, the restoring force of the dispersing elastic member 6 may be weakened, and the dispersing elastic member 6 against which the particulate matter G is in contact may tend to remain tilted. Therefore, the thickness of the dispersing elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is usually 1 mm or more. The thickness of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more.

On the other hand, if the elastic member 6 for dispersion (elastic sheet) is made too thick, the rigidity of the elastic member 6 for dispersion (elastic sheet) will increase, and there is a possibility that it will be difficult to sufficiently disperse the falling places of the particulate matter G. Therefore, the thickness of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is usually 30 mm or less. The thickness of the dispersion elastic member 6 (elastic sheet) is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less.

2. Particulate material transport device of second embodiment Next, a particulate material transport device 1 of the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the vicinity of the terminal end 2b of the transport path 2 in the granular material transport device 1 of the second embodiment. The description of the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment will be focused on the structure that is different from the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment described above. For configurations not particularly mentioned in the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, the same configuration as the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment can be adopted.

In the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, the dispersion elastic member 6 is formed of an elastic sheet having a hollow droplet-like cross section, as shown in FIG. This not only makes it easier for the dispersion elastic member 6 to vibrate in small increments like a punching ball used in boxing training, but also allows the dispersion elastic member 6 to vibrate in the front-rear direction when the granular material G hits it. It also becomes possible to elastically deform it (deform it so that it repeatedly collapses and swells in the front-back direction). In addition, since the front surface of the dispersing elastic member 6 has a curved surface shape, it is possible to increase the variation in the direction in which the particulate matter G is bounced back. Therefore, the locations where the granular materials G fall can be more reliably dispersed. The dispersing elastic member 6 having a hollow drop-shaped cross section can be manufactured using a mold, but in the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, one flat elastic sheet is This is obtained by curving the two so that they overlap.

In the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, if the elastic member 6 for dispersion is collapsed in the front-rear direction, the significance of making the elastic member 6 for dispersion have a hollow drop-like cross section is diminished. For this reason, it is preferable that the dispersion elastic member 6 has a shape that swells to some extent in the front-rear direction. Specifically, the ratio W/L ₁ of the width W (FIG. 3) of the elastic member 6 for dispersion in the longitudinal direction to the length L ₁ (FIG. 3) of the elastic member 6 for dispersion in the vertical direction is 0.1. It is preferable that the above is achieved. The ratio W/L ₁ is more preferably 0.15 or more, and even more preferably 0.2 or more.

However, if the ratio W/L ₁ is too large, the angle φ (FIG. 3) of the upper front surface of the elastic member 6 for dispersion becomes large, and the granules G are likely to be caught on the upper front surface of the elastic member 6 for dispersion. Therefore, the ratio W/L ₁ is preferably 1 or less. The ratio W/L ₁ is more preferably 0.7 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less. In the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, the vertical length _L1 of the dispersing elastic member 6 is approximately 60 cm, and the longitudinal width W of the dispersing elastic member 6 is a little less than 20 cm. W/L ₁ is set to be in the range of 0.3 to 0.4. The width and thickness in the left-right direction of the elastic sheet used for the dispersion elastic member 6 are the same as those used in the granular material conveying device 1 of the first embodiment.

Further, in the granular material conveying device 1 of the second embodiment, a rebounding member 8 is provided on the back side (rear side) of the dispersing elastic member 6. This rebounding member 8 locally abuts from the back side (rear side) against the dispersion elastic member 6 which has been displaced to the back side (rear side) due to the contact with the particulate matter G, so that the dispersion elastic member 8 This is to bounce the 6 towards the front side. By providing this repelling member 8, it is possible to prevent the dispersion elastic member 6 against which the particulate matter G is in contact from being tilted to the back side (rear side). The member to which the rebound member 8 is attached is not particularly limited. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the shoot box 4 is provided with a rebound member 8.

It is preferable that the rebounding member 8 is provided at a height so that it can come into contact with the most swollen part (the part with the largest width W in the front-rear direction) of the dispersion elastic member 6, which has a hollow, drop-shaped cross section. This makes it easier for the dispersing elastic member 6 to be elastically bounced back by the bounce member 8. The degree to which the dispersion elastic member 6 is rebounded by the rebound member 8 can be changed by adjusting the distance L ₂ (FIG. 3) from the front end of the rebound member 8 to the rear surface of the dispersion elastic member 6. That is, if the distance _L2 is short, the rebound of the dispersing elastic member 6 will be small, and if the distance _L2 is long, the rebound of the dispersing elastic member 6 will be large. The distance _L2 is usually set in a range of about 1 to 20 cm.

1 Granular material conveyance device 2 Conveyance path 2a Starting end 2b Terminating end 3 Hopper 4 Shoot box 5 Cover 6 Elastic member for dispersion 7 Fixed part 8 Repelling member G Granular material M ₁ Steep pile M ₂ Gentle pile

Claims (1)

A granular material conveying device comprising a conveying path for conveying granular materials,
A dispersion elastic member is provided in the vicinity of the end of the conveyance path, and the dispersion elastic member applies the granules discharged from the end of the conveyance path to disperse the falling places of the granules .
The upper part of the dispersion elastic member is fixed near the end of the conveyance path,
The lower part of the dispersion elastic member is in a hanging state, and
A granular material conveying device characterized in that the dispersing elastic member is formed of an elastic sheet having a hollow droplet-like cross section .

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