JP7531319B2 - Fire Screen - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire screen, and in particular to a fire screen having an openable and closable escape hatch.

Fire shutters and fire (smoke) screens are installed in buildings to close off compartments in the event of a fire or other emergency. In particular, fire (smoke) screens are made using fire-resistant cloth and are characterized by their light weight and low installation costs.

Some fire screens are equipped with an escape section that can be opened and closed for evacuation, allowing evacuation even when the fire screen is down. Since fire and smoke protection performance must be ensured even when an escape section is provided, the main door screen that serves as the escape section has an overlapping section with another screen. When evacuating, the main door screen is opened, but by closing the main door screen and sealing the overlapping sections together, the screen becomes one unit and provides fire and smoke protection performance.

However, even if an overlapping portion is provided, if there is a gap in this overlapping portion, flames and smoke will be visible through the gap, and the fire and smoke prevention performance will be reduced. Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, a reinforcing portion is formed on the edge of at least one of the overlapping screens to make the end stiff and prevent gaps from occurring due to the screen becoming twisted or wavy.

On the other hand, fire screens have been developed that have a sub-door at the overlapping part to prevent flames and smoke from being seen through gaps. Even if a gap occurs in the overlapping part between the main door screen and the fixed screen, the overlap between the main door screen and the sub-door screen means that flames and smoke cannot be seen directly, and thus the intrusion of flames and smoke can be prevented.

In a fire screen having such a main door screen and a sub-door screen, both the main door screen and the sub-door screen must be opened when opening the emergency exit, and when closing, the main door screen must be closed first, and then the sub-door screen must be closed. When the main door screen and the sub-door screen are opened, the leading edge of the main door screen and the leading edge of the sub-door screen come into contact and rub against each other, and the friction in this area causes the main door screen and the sub-door screen to not close completely when closed, or the sub-door screen closes first, creating a gap. If the main door screen does not close completely, flames and smoke can be directly seen, and the fire and smoke prevention performance cannot be fully demonstrated.

To address this issue, for example, in Patent Document 2, the shape of the sub-door screen is made wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with the ends inclined. Patent Document 2 claims that this configuration can reduce resistance at the ends of the main door screen and sub-door screen when the emergency exit is open. Similarly, in Patent Document 3, the sub-door screen is shaped to be narrower toward the bottom, and the ends of the sub-door screen are made curved, such as by being bag-shaped, to reduce frictional resistance at the ends of the main door screen and sub-door screen when the emergency exit is open.

In Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, leaf springs are inserted into the ends of the sub-door screen to make it harder and prevent it from twisting or rippling. Patent Document 4 and others also attach reinforcing material to the ends of the sub-door screen to give it rigidity, in an attempt to achieve a similar effect.

JP 2002-102375 A Patent No. 3726180 JP 2002-013362 A Patent No. 4427279

The present invention aims to provide a fire screen having a main door screen and a sub-door screen, in which the main door screen and the sub-door screen operate smoothly after opening and can be closed well.

The invention described in claim 1 of the present application is a fire screen made of a non-flammable flexible material and having an openable/closable emergency exit section, the emergency exit section having an emergency exit opening/closing section of a main door screen, a fixed door screen provided on one side of the door end side of the main door screen, and a rotatable child door screen overlapping the door end side of the emergency exit opening/closing section of the main door screen from the other side, the upper part of the child door screen being fixed to the main door screen and rotating in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the emergency exit opening/closing section, and characterized in that the child door screen has more slack than the main door screen.

The invention described in claim 2 of the present application is a fire screen characterized in that at least one of the door end side end of the emergency exit opening and closing part of the main door screen and the door end side end of the sub-door screen in the invention described in claim 1 of the present application is provided with a sliding treatment from the top of the overlapping height to at least the center.

According to the present invention, the secondary door screen, which has a smaller turning radius than the emergency exit opening and closing portion of the main door screen, is given slack, which increases the air resistance on the secondary door screen when the door is closed, and delays the closing operation of the secondary door screen, allowing the main door screen to be closed first, followed by the secondary door screen to be closed smoothly and successfully. At the same time, the secondary door screen is subjected to air resistance when the door is closed, which reduces contact with the main door screen and reduces friction, allowing the main door screen and secondary door screen to operate smoothly and successfully when the door is closed.

Furthermore, by providing a sliding treatment to at least one of the leading edge of the main door screen and the leading edge of the secondary door screen, the friction between the two can be further reduced, allowing for smoother operation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention (when closed). FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention (when the door is open). This is an explanatory diagram of an example of a problem that occurs when the sub-door screen 2 is not allowed to have slack. A cross-sectional view showing an overview of an example of the end portion of a main door screen 1 and a secondary door screen 2.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 are schematic diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figures, 1 is a main door screen, 2 is a sub-door screen, 3 is a fixed door screen, 4 is a seat plate, 5 is a main door weight, 6 is a sub-door weight, 7 is a winding shaft, 8 is a hoist, 9 is a guide rail, 10 is a sliding section, 11 is an emergency exit opening/closing section, and 12 is an emergency exit. Figures 1 and 2(A) are front views and cross-sectional views of the emergency exit section when closed, and Figures 3 and 2(B) are front views and cross-sectional views of the emergency exit section when open. Note that the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 2 is exaggerated in the thickness direction.

The screen body that blocks the opening is integrally composed of a main door screen 1, a sub door screen 2, and a fixed door screen 3. The main door screen 1, the sub door screen 2, and the fixed door screen 3 are all made of non-flammable flexible materials such as fireproof cloth, and provide fire and smoke protection. In addition, a seat plate 4 is provided at the bottom of the screen body, and the weight of this seat plate 4 pulls the lightweight screen downward, allowing the screen body to be tensioned with the screen body lowered.

The integrally constructed screen body is fixed to the winding shaft 7, and under normal circumstances the screen body is wound up on the winding shaft 7. In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the screen body is lowered along the guide rail 9 by the hoist 8 or by its own weight, closing the opening. Of course, the lowered screen body can be wound up on the winding shaft 7 by the hoist 8 to secure the opening.

The main door screen 1 allows evacuation by opening and closing the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 even in a shielded state. A main door weight 5 is provided at the bottom of this emergency exit opening/closing section 11, and the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1 opens as the main door weight 5 rotates. In addition, the main door weight 5 is always biased in the closing direction, so the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 is closed even if no special door closing operation is performed.

The door end side of the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1 overlaps with the fixed door screen 3 on one side. The fixed door screen 3 overlaps with the door end side (closing side) of the main door screen 1 from the side (opening side) where the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 opens. The sub-door screen 2 is provided so as to overlap with the door end side of the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1, that is, from the side (opening side) where the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 opens. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2(A), when the emergency exit section is closed, the main door screen 1 overlaps with the fixed door screen 3 and the sub-door screen 2 at the overlapping part so as to be sandwiched between them. With this configuration, it is not possible to directly see between the sections separated by the screens. Therefore, for example, if a fire occurs in one section, if the emergency exit section is closed, the flame cannot be directly seen from the other section, and direct intrusion of smoke can also be prevented.

The upper part of the sub-door screen 2 is fixed to at least the upper part of the door edge of the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1. In addition, a sub-door weight 6 is provided at the lower part of the sub-door screen 2, and the sub-door screen 2 also opens when this sub-door weight 6 rotates. When opening the emergency exit section, the main door weight 5 abuts against and pushes the sub-door weight 6 when the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1 is opened, causing the sub-door weight 6 to rotate and open the sub-door screen 2. This state is shown in Figure 2 (B). When the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2 open, the emergency opening 12 is opened, and evacuation can be performed through this emergency opening 12. When the emergency opening 12 is open, the sub-door screen 2 and the sub-door weight 6 are biased in the opening direction. When the emergency opening 12 is closed, the emergency opening opening/closing portion 11 of the main door screen 1 and the main door weight 5 first rotate to close the emergency opening 12, and when the main door weight 5 abuts against an abutment portion (not shown) of the sub-door weight 6 during closing, causing the sub-door weight 6 to rotate in the closing direction, and after the main door screen 1 and main door weight 5 are closed, the sub-door screen 2 and sub-door weight 6 are closed, returning to the state shown in FIG. 2(A). In this way, the sub-door screen 2 rotates and opens and closes in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the emergency opening/closing portion 11 of the main door screen 1.

The secondary door screen 2 has more slack than the main door screen 1. The main door screen 1 also has a certain amount of slack so that the seat plate 4 does not rise up when the internal/external pressure difference increases while the screen is closed, but the secondary door screen 2 has even more slack than the main door screen 1.

Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a problem that occurs when the sub-door screen 2 is not allowed to sag. As described above, the main door weight 5 abuts against the abutment portion of the sub-door weight 6 just before the main door screen 1 closes, causing the sub-door screen 2 and the sub-door weight 6 to rotate to the closing side. Due to the sagging of the main door screen 1, the center of the door end side of the main door screen 1 receives air resistance when closing, and closes later than the lower end. On the other hand, the sub-door screen 2 has a smaller opening width than the main door screen 1, so it is less susceptible to air resistance when closed. Also, as described above, the upper part of the sub-door screen 2 is fixed to the main door screen 1, so the movable width becomes smaller as it goes to the top, and the timing of the closing of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2 becomes closer as it goes to the top. Therefore, in the past, the door end side of the sub-door screen 2 sometimes closed before the door end side center part of the main door screen 1, which closed late.

This state is shown in Figure 4. At A in the figure, the secondary door screen 2 is recessed further inward than the main door screen 1. When this happens, a gap is created between the main door screen 1 and the secondary door screen 2. The compartment on the opposite side can be seen through the gap from the secondary door screen 2 side. In this state, if a fire breaks out in the compartment on the opposite side, the flames can be seen directly, and smoke will also enter directly through the gap, reducing the fire and smoke protection performance.

To avoid such a situation, the vertical length of the sub-door screen 2 is made longer than the vertical length of the emergency exit opening/closing section 11 of the main door screen 1, and the sagging of the sub-door screen 2 is made greater than the sagging of the main door screen 1. This sagging of the sub-door screen 2 increases the air resistance when the sub-door screen 2 is closed, which can delay the closing of the sub-door screen. At the same time, the sagging of the sub-door screen 2 makes it easier for a gap to form with the main door screen 1, which can reduce the abutment of the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2, and can also reduce the frictional force at the time of abutment. As a result, when closing, the main door screen 1 closes first, and then the sub-door screen 2 closes, allowing for a smooth operation, eliminating the problem shown in Figure 4 and allowing the emergency exit section to be closed smoothly.

When closed, a gap will be created between the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2 due to sagging of the sub door screen 2. However, fire and smoke prevention performance can be obtained by overlapping the fixed door screen 3 and the main door screen 1. Furthermore, the door end side of the emergency exit opening and closing section 11 of the main door screen 1 is overlapped from the open side, and the main door screen 1 is sandwiched between the fixed door screen 3 and the sub door screen 2, so there is no linear ventilation path that would allow direct viewing of the compartment on the opposite side, and sufficient fire and smoke prevention performance can be obtained.

Conventionally, the only solution was to harden the ends of the sub-door screen 2 and make them tightly attached to the main door screen 1. In this case, the hard ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2 come into contact with each other, creating a large frictional force that causes them to get caught when the door is closed, resulting in a defect such as that shown in Figure 4. In contrast, in this invention, unlike the conventional method, the ends of the sub-door screen 2 are not hardened but are left flexible and are allowed to sag. This allows the screens to overlap properly when the door is closed, resulting in good fire and smoke protection performance.

Furthermore, if the ends are hardened, the screen cannot be wound up evenly, resulting in wrinkles on the screen, but with a screen that remains flexible as in the present invention, the occurrence of wrinkles when wound up can be reduced. Furthermore, while conventionally the ends have been cut at an angle, as described in, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, the present invention eliminates the need for such inefficient manufacturing methods.

To further eliminate the problems described using Figure 4, the present invention provides a sliding section 10 with a sliding treatment on the leading edge of the main door screen 1, or the leading edge of the secondary door screen 2, or both. Figures 1 and 3 show an example in which a sliding section 10 is provided on both the leading edge of the main door screen 1 and the leading edge of the secondary door screen 2.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2. In the figure, 21 is a sliding sheet. In the example shown in Figure 5, a sliding sheet 21 with a processed surface for easy sliding is attached to the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2. Even if the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2 come into contact when the door is closed, the frictional force at the time of contact is reduced by the sliding sheet 21. Even if the sub-door screen 2 is given slack as described above, the contact of the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub-door screen 2 cannot be avoided, and the ends still rub against each other when operating. However, by reducing the frictional force at the time of contact, it is possible to perform smooth operation when closing the door without causing problems such as getting caught when the two slide. Therefore, each screen can be closed by overlapping normally, and good fire and smoke protection performance can be obtained.

In addition, the sliding sheet 21 also functions as a protective member that protects the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2. In addition, because the frictional force when the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2 come into contact is reduced, deterioration of the ends of these screens can also be reduced.

In this example, the sliding sheet 21 is provided on both ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2, but it may be provided on either one. It is also advisable to provide such a sliding sheet 21 from the top to at least the center of the overlapping height. As mentioned above, since the top of the sub door screen 2 is fixed to the main door screen 1, the movable width becomes smaller as it goes to the top, and the timing of closing the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2 becomes closer the higher it goes. In addition, considering the delay in the center due to the sagging of the main door screen 1, it is considered that the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2 abut and slide from the center to the top. Therefore, if the sliding sheet 21 is provided at least from the top to at least the center of the overlapping height, it is possible to avoid problems such as the ends of the main door screen 1 and the sub door screen 2 getting caught. Of course, it goes without saying that the sliding sheet 21 may be provided from the top to the bottom in the height direction.

In this example, a sliding sheet 21 with a sliding treatment is used as the sliding portion 10, but it may also be configured to directly apply the sliding treatment to each screen. For example, various well-known processing methods such as coating and impregnation can be applied.

As mentioned above, if the ends of the main door screen 1 or the sub door screen 2 are hardened, wrinkles will occur when they are rolled up, so even if a sliding section 10 is provided, it is better for them to have flexibility in order to reduce the occurrence of wrinkles when rolled up.

1...Main door screen, 2...Sub-door screen, 3...Fixed door screen, 4...Seat plate, 5...Main door weight, 6...Sub-door weight, 7...Winding shaft, 8...Winching machine, 9...Guide rail, 10...Sliding section, 11...Emergency exit opening/closing section, 12...Emergency exit, 21...Sliding sheet.

Claims (2)

A fire screen made of a non-flammable flexible material and having an openable/closable emergency exit section, the emergency exit section having an emergency exit opening/closing section of a main door screen, a fixed door screen provided on one side of the door end side of the main door screen, and a rotatable child door screen overlapping the door end side of the emergency exit opening/closing section of the main door screen from the other side, the upper part of the child door screen being fixed to the main door screen and rotating in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the emergency exit opening/closing section, and characterized in that the child door screen has more slack than the main door screen. The fire screen according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the leading edge of the main door screen at the emergency exit opening and closing section and the leading edge of the sub-door screen is provided with a sliding treatment from the top to at least the center of the overlapping height.

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