JP7531796B2 - A method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool. - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to an innovative cutting and grinding technology using a wire mesh grindstone equipped with a micro-vibration tool holder and a wire mesh grindstone on the spindle of an NC controlled machine tool, which enables a variety of cutting processes, such as straight-line groove processing and arbitrary groove width processing of workpieces, as well as straight-line cutting and arbitrary three-dimensional curved cutting, etc. Specifically, the present invention relates to a curved cutting process method for performing straight- line cutting and arbitrary groove width processing of workpieces such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates, duralumin plates, other synthetic resin plates, thin metal plates, "stone materials, asphalt roads," etc.

In recent years, various curved cutting methods and apparatus for cutting thin plates into straight or curved lines using a circular saw, as well as circular saws for use with such methods and apparatus, have been proposed.
Representative examples thereof are provided in Japanese Patent No. 5527740, entitled "Curve Cutting Apparatus and Circular Saw for the Apparatus" and in Japanese Patent No. 6150327, entitled "Curve Cutting Method and Curve Cutting Apparatus, etc." The configurations of the circular saw and apparatus and the curve cutting method are described in Figures 1 to 8 attached to the specification. Furthermore, the curve cutting method and the curve cutting apparatus are described in Figures 1 to 7, and their operations are described in Figures 8 to 24.

However, the circular saw 20, which is the main body of the above two devices, has numerous slits 22 cut radially around its entire circumference, and in order to curve the circular saw 20 into a bowl shape (radial or parabolic), a pair of left and right ring-shaped flanges 41, 42 sandwich the circumference of approximately half the diameter of the circular saw disk, and the circular saw 20 is forcibly bent in the left and right directions by moving the draw bar 45 back and forth.As a result, the outer blade portions 21, 21F, 21R, which are divided by the numerous radial slits 22, are completely separated and do not bend uniformly (radial shape); the bending amount of each blade portion varies slightly, and it is not possible to guarantee straight line cutting with the narrowest cutting width, or in particular accurate curved cutting. That is, as the patentee states, while taking into consideration conditions such as the width of the clam, the thickness of the workpiece, and Z-axis control, the circular saw is bent into a bowl shape by tilting the circular saw's rotation axis at a predetermined angle relative to the workpiece, and there are doubts about whether the product surface of the workpiece can be cut at a predetermined angle and cutting width when processing a curve by bending the circular saw into a bowl shape. In other words, even if it is possible to just barely cut an arbitrary curve, it is unable to meet the needs of users who require a highly accurate product surface, and it also has fundamental problems such as placing a large processing load on the circular saw and not being able to guarantee its long life (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Furthermore, in recent years, efforts have been made to reduce the weight of aircraft bodies and improve fuel efficiency. As a specific measure for this, fiber-reinforced plastic composite products such as CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) are used as structural members (main wings, tails, fuselages, etc.) of aircraft, etc., because they are lightweight and have high strength and rigidity. The straight and arbitrary curved cutting of the structural members of the above-mentioned aircraft is performed by a dedicated straight and arbitrary curved cutting machine, a hand tool (a cutting tool using a circular saw), a curved blade cutter, or a water jet device.

The straight line and any curved line cutting device for the structural members of the above-mentioned aircraft was developed in Patent No. 5435429 (a patent owned by the present applicant) and is provided under the title: Straight line and any curved line cutting device using a circular saw. The configuration includes a tool rotation shaft detachably connected to the main shaft, a circular saw having cutting tips for processing vertically arranged on the outer periphery of a single disk flange fitted onto the tool rotation shaft and capable of bending in the left-right direction, a pair of cones that can be advanced and retreated in the axial direction relative to the tool rotation shaft so as to contact and press both sides of the outer periphery of the disk of the circular saw, a resilient member that presses one of the pair of cones against one side of both sides of the outer periphery of the circular saw, a pressing drive member that adjustably presses the other cone, and an umbrella mechanism in which the pair of cones 60 change the disk of the circular saw into a straight posture, a bending posture toward the resilient member, and a bending posture toward the pressing drive member by controlling the pressing force of the pressing drive member that opposes the pressing force of the resilient member, and further, the cones 8, 9 are positioned close to the outer periphery of the disk of the circular saw 60, thereby ensuring an even amount of bending (radial shape) when pressed. This ensures that the amount of deflection of each divided tip edge (working cutting edge tip) CP is accurately aligned, ensuring straight line cuts with the narrowest cutting width and accurate cutting surface precision for accurate curved cuts (see Patent Document 3).

Furthermore, as an aside, there is a thin plate cutting machine. Its configuration is such that a holding member is provided so as to be movable relative to a work table in any three-dimensional direction, and a rotary blade having a V-shaped cutting edge made of ultra-hard material is attached to the tip of this holding member. While this rotary blade is rotated at high speed by a motor, the holding member is lowered to a predetermined height and moved appropriately in the X-axis and Y-axis directions while rotating, thereby cutting the thin material on the work table. As a result, a small-diameter disk-shaped rotary blade rotates relative to the plate material and moves in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to cut the plate material, so that it is possible to easily cut out products of appropriate shapes from the plate material, for example, as with a conventional laser processing machine (see Patent Document 4).

The curved blade cutter for the thin plate cutting machine is an improvement of a flat circular cutter (including a circular saw). Its configuration is a metal dish-shaped circular cutter with a mounting hole for a rotating shaft in the center of the circle and a cutting blade member or sawtooth member attached to the outer periphery of the circle, the outer periphery of which is formed by a conical dish flange member, several cutting grooves are arranged radially at equal intervals on the entire conical surface of the dish flange member, and the cutting blade members or sawtooth members attached to the outer periphery of the dish flange member are also arranged circumferentially in the cone shape at equal intervals across the cutting grooves, and the inner and outer sides of the cone shape of the cutting blade member or sawtooth member form a cutting blade in the shape of a conical arc. This allows the cutting blade to always be vertical to the surface of the flat workpiece material during the rotary cutting, and at the same time, a certain clearance is always maintained on both sides of the rotary blade during the rotary cutting with respect to the cutting edge width of the cutting blade. Thus, as a rotary cutting tool that rationally matches the large and small circular arcs of the circular shape to be cut of the flat workpiece, it does not experience undue loads such as twisting or creaking during rotary cutting (see Patent Document 5).

The processing machine is a chopping tool holder equipped with a chopping unit in a tool holder attached to the tip of the spindle, and includes a rotating cylinder whose rear end is inserted into an attachment hole formed in a gripping portion of the tool holder, a rotating cylinder whose tip is bulged to a large diameter and whose inner diameter is expanded to a large diameter, a rotating shaft into which a sliding shaft portion having a through hole passing through a cylindrical portion of the rotating cylinder is airtightly and slidably fitted, and a tip of the rotating shaft protrudes from the inside of the rotating cylinder to the outside and a processing tool such as a grinding wheel or a cutting blade attached to the tip, and the inside of the large diameter portion of the tip of the rotating cylinder and the inside of the large diameter portion of the tip of the rotating cylinder are fitted. A chopping tool holder including a chopping unit consisting of a pair of ring-shaped magnets which move the rotating shaft back into a space between the rotating shaft and a sliding ring portion of the rotating shaft, and a grinding fluid or cutting fluid which is pulsatively supplied to the rear end of the rotating shaft through a mounting hole from a center hole which penetrates the axial core of the tool holder into a rear end space of the rotating cylinder, the chopping unit consisting of a pair of ring-shaped magnets which move the rotating shaft back into the space between the large diameter tip portion of the rotating cylinder and the sliding ring portion of the rotating shaft, and a ring-shaped elastic body which is juxtaposed to the inner diameter side or the outer diameter side of the pair of ring-shaped magnets (see Patent Document 6).

Furthermore, a technology for improving the NC control device of a machine tool includes a chopping tool holder mounted in a spindle hole of a machine tool, a tool shaft that is elastically and slightly moved toward the rear end of the axis within the cylinder of the chopping tool holder so as to be able to move slightly back and forth in the axial direction within the cylinder of the chopping tool holder, and a drive device for the chopping tool holder that includes a fluid supplier that supplies fluid pulsation pressure to the rear end of the tool shaft within the cylinder of the chopping tool holder to generate fluid pulsation pressure that slightly moves the tool shaft toward the tip of the grinding wheel, and the NC control device that controls the operation of the machine tool is provided with a fluid pressure control unit that optimizes the fluid pulsation pressure of the fluid supplier based on command signals from various sensors that detect the machining status, and the fluid pressure control unit is an NC-controlled chopping machining control device that controls the rotation of a fluid pump motor based on command signals to optimize the fluid pulsation pressure discharged from the fluid supplier (see Patent Document 7).

Furthermore, in this grinding wheel, which has revolutionized the conventional hard disc grinding wheel into a soft wire mesh grinding wheel, the entire wire mesh including the intersections of the wire mesh wires crossing vertically and horizontally is masked before electrodeposition, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface formed by the intersections of the masked metal wires is cut into a flat portion to expand the electrodeposition area, and only the electrodeposition part of the flat portion of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface is removed from the masking and electrodeposited, and the intersections are not fixed even after electrodeposition, giving flexibility to the entire wire mesh body. As a result, the flexibility of the entire wire mesh body reduces and eliminates the forced pressing force of the soft wire mesh grinding wheel against the workpiece, dramatically improving the grinding and honing of the polishing surface (see Patent Document 8).

Patent No. 5527740 Patent No. 6150327 Patent No. 5435429 Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 05-029625 Publication number 06-036881 Patent No. 5839308 Patent No. 5907445 Utility Model Registration No. 3224939

The thin plate cutting machine of the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open Publication No. 05-029625 cuts the plate by moving a small-diameter disk-shaped rotary blade in the X- and Y-axis directions while rotating it relative to the plate, so that it can easily cut out products of an appropriate shape from the plate. However, because the rotary blade has a cutting edge portion with a V-shaped cross section, the cut surface of the plate has an oblique V-shape, and the problem that correction processing is required to make this cut surface vertical is not solved.

In addition, the curved blade cutter of the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-036881 is a rotary cutting tool that reasonably matches the large and small arcs of the circular shape of the plate workpiece to be cut, and is not subject to excessive loads such as twisting and creaking during rotary cutting, but since the cone angle of the curved blade cutter is constant and fixed, it is limited to machining straight lines and predetermined curves that are restricted by this cone angle. Therefore, there remains a problem that it is impossible to machine straight lines and arbitrary curves that change curvature to the left and right, or straight lines and arbitrary curves whose radius of curvature changes continuously at any desired angle. In other words, it cannot be applied to straight lines and arbitrary curves that require precise machining of large workpieces, such as structural members (main wings, tails, fuselages, etc.) of aircraft, etc.

The present invention is the result of further technological development in consideration of the various technical problems in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 4 and 5 and others , and is a new technology that challenges the wall of technical problems that were completely impossible with conventional grinding wheels by innovatively combining the micro-vibration tool holder (chopping tool holder) of Patent Nos. 5,839,308 and 5,907,445, which are patent rights of the present inventor, with the wire mesh grinding wheel (Soft Torinos or Hard Torinos) of Utility Model Registration No. 3,224,939, which newly utilizes the control technology thereof and is attached to the holder as a grinding wheel (not achieved by a simple combination of the above-mentioned patent technologies, but by achieving various curved machining by a control technology that skillfully combines the wire mesh grinding wheel, three-dimensional control technology of the spindle by an NC-controlled machine tool, and the micro-vibration tool holder) . The detailed technology is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves on workpieces, which uses only one wire mesh grinding wheel (Soft Torinos or Hard Torinos) to achieve a variety of diverse and multiple cutting techniques, such as straight line processing on the workpiece or grinding material, side processing of the grinding wheel, jagged processing (zigzag processing), straight line processing using the outer surface or side of the grinding wheel, arbitrary curve cutting, and three-dimensional cutting.
In particular , unlike conventional curved cutting using a circular saw, the wire mesh grinding wheel has a flexible outer edge and a continuous outer peripheral shape. Moreover, it has excellent flexibility and fixability, allowing it to easily deform and fix even with a continuous outer peripheral shape, and also exhibits many other properties, such as excellent grinding debris removal and cooling effects, and semi-permanent lifespan of diamond abrasive grains . As a result, we have succeeded in developing a new technology that enables a wide variety of cutting and grinding processes to be performed.

In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 of the "Claims" of the present invention provides a cutting processing device using an NC controlled machine tool, which is provided with a micro-vibration tool holder on the spindle of an NC controlled machine tool, which causes a grinding wheel spindle to reciprocate and pulsate in the direction of the wheel axis by fluid pressure pulsation of a coolant liquid from a fluid pressure generating unit controlled by an NC control unit, and the micro-vibration tool holder is provided with a wire mesh grinding wheel having diamond abrasive grains electro-deposited onto the entire wire mesh including each intersection of vertically and horizontally crossed metal wires, and which supplies the fluid pressure pulsating coolant liquid to the wire mesh grinding wheel and causes the grinding wheel spindle to reciprocate in the direction of the wheel axis, and which is provided with a processing control device that supplies the fluid pressure pulsating coolant liquid to the wire mesh grinding wheel and causes the grinding wheel spindle to reciprocate in the direction of the wheel axis, and which cuts straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using the wire mesh grinding wheel of the micro-vibration tool holder,
The wire mesh grinding wheel of the micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of the NC-controlled machine tool is reciprocated in the wheel axial direction by the fluid pressure pulsation of the coolant when a command to cut a straight groove is given from the NC control unit, and the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheel cuts into the workpiece, and when a command to cut an arbitrary curve is given, the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheel is also cut into the workpiece.The NC control unit also controls the micro-vibration tool holder to move in the directions of both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel, thereby machining curved grooves while cutting on both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel in a width wider than the thickness and width dimensions of the wire mesh grinding wheel.This is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool, characterized in that

Claim 2 relates to a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of the NC-controlled machine tool is periodically oscillated against both cutting sides of the workpiece, thereby machining zigzag grooves, i.e., wavy grooves, into the workpiece.

Claim 3 is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the main spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the grinding wheel rotation shaft of the NC-controlled machine tool via the micro-vibration tool holder performs straight line and arbitrary curve cutting by controlling the directional direction of the grinding wheel and controlling the relative position to the workpiece on the table without changing the angle of the grinding wheel rotation shaft.

Claim 4 is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves of a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the main spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that the amplitude width of the wire mesh grinding wheel oscillated back and forth in the axial direction by the micro-vibration tool holder is within 1 mm, the feed pitch of the wire mesh grinding wheel in one zigzag is within 0.1 mm, and no machining streaks remain on the cut surface which becomes a zigzag groove or wavy groove made by the wire mesh grinding wheel.

Claim 5 relates to a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves of a workpiece using a mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder provided on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel is attached to the tip of the grinding wheel shaft of the micro-vibration tool holder, which pulsates back and forth in the grinding wheel axial direction due to the fluid pressure pulsation of the coolant liquid generated in the fluid pressure generating unit, and the wire mesh grinding wheel has an outer peripheral restraining ring (bell spring) that fits into the tip of the grinding wheel shaft and is fixed to the tip of the restraining ring, so that when the grinding wheel shaft advances toward the tip side, the center of the wire mesh grinding wheel is recessed to bend the outer peripheral edge upward into a bowl shape, and when the grinding wheel shaft retreats, the center of the wire mesh grinding wheel is convex to bend the outer peripheral edge downward into an inverted bowl shape, and when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into a bowl shape, it bends or curves the workpiece in an upward direction, and when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into an inverted bowl shape, it bends or curves the workpiece in a downward direction.

Claim 6 is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder described in claim 5, characterized in that when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent in the axial direction of the grinding wheel shaft, the curvature radius of the wire mesh grinding wheel is adjusted and controlled to make the curvature degree of the curved cut variable.

Claim 7 is a method for cutting straight and curved lines using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder described in claim 1, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder is configured such that the intersections of the vertical and horizontal metal wires of the wire mesh are masked before electrochemical deposition so that the intersections do not stick.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curved lines of a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool of claim 1 of the present invention, the machining direction of the wire mesh grinding wheel mounted on the micro-vibration tool holder is controlled by various feed controls of the micro-vibration tool holder, which are controlled by the NC control unit, thereby enabling the application of a variety of machining forms such as straight line and arbitrary curved cutting.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder of claim 2, in addition to cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using the wire mesh grinding wheel of claim 1, it is possible to rationally perform zigzag processing and wavy grooves on the workpiece.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel mounted on a micro-vibration tool holder as recited in claim 3, it is possible to rationally cut straight lines and arbitrary curves by controlling the direction of the grinding wheel movement and the relative position of the grinding wheel to the workpiece on the table without changing the angle of the grinding wheel rotation axis.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel equipped on a micro-vibration tool holder of claim 4, the amplitude width for zigzag grooves and wavy grooves made by the wire mesh grinding wheel that does not leave processing streaks is set to within 1 mm, and the feed pitch of the wire mesh grinding wheel in one zigzag is set to within 0.1 mm, thereby enabling high-precision groove processing to be performed.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder of claim 5, when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into a bowl shape, it is possible to perform upward curving or curve cutting on the workpiece, and when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into an inverted bowl shape, it is possible to perform downward curving or curve cutting on the workpiece, thereby providing a variety of cutting effects.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel equipped on a micro-vibration tool holder of claim 6, when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent in the vertical direction, by adjusting and controlling the curvature radius of the wire mesh grinding wheel, it is possible to perform cutting with a variable curvature degree of curved processing or curved cutting, thereby achieving a fine-adjustable curved cutting effect.

According to the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the main shaft of an NC-controlled machine tool as described in claim 7, the wire mesh grinding wheel has a flexible characteristic in which the intersections of the vertical and horizontal wire meshes do not stick together, so that processing that enables straight line processing, arbitrary groove width processing, and arbitrary curve cutting of soft materials such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates, duralumin plates, other synthetic resin plates, thin metal plates, etc. can be flexibly performed with a single wire mesh grinding wheel.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a wire mesh grindstone which is the core of the present invention, showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the metal wire mesh structure of the wire mesh grindstone according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the configuration of a wire mesh grindstone and a metal saw and whether cutting is possible. FIG. 2 is a detailed comparison diagram of cutting capabilities between a wire mesh grindstone and a metal saw, showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating an embodiment of the present invention, showing a comparison between a machined surface and groove machining . FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, comparing the abrasive grains of a wire mesh grindstone with those of a metal saw. FIG. 2 is an enlarged photograph of the number of abrasive grains in the wire mesh grindstone according to an embodiment of the present invention . FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a wire mesh grindstone is attached to a rotating shaft. 1 is an enlarged view of the elastic deflection and surface of a wire mesh grindstone according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a diagram showing a drive system of an NC control unit , a fluid pressure generating unit, and a micro-vibration tool holder according to an embodiment of the present invention . FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a zigzag drive arbor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the presence or absence of grinding wheel pulsation and grinding burn according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a grinding wheel for a grinding wheel side surface machining element test, illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the mesh of the wire mesh grinding wheel of the present invention when the grinding wheel has a cooling effect and a chip discharge effect. 10A to 10C are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the motion of a grinding wheel during zigzag machining with and without pulsation . FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the zigzag pitch of the grinding wheel and the state of the processed surface according to an embodiment of the present invention . Diagram of the operation of the method of machining curves using only a zigzag grinding wheel. A diagram of the operation of the curve processing method when the wire mesh grinding wheel is in a flat position. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the tool movement trajectory of an example of curved line machining resulting in arc cutting. Photograph of grinding wheel side machining element test 1 . Photograph of workpiece machining by grinding wheel side machining in grinding wheel side machining element test 2 . FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a parabolic drive arbor that controls the curvature of a wire mesh grinding wheel in the axial direction, according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the operation of a parabolic drive arbor that displaces the wire mesh grindstone in the axial direction in a parabolic manner. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional photograph of a workpiece subjected to circular interpolation feed, illustrating the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described in order with reference to FIGS.

First, the wire mesh grinding wheel (hard Torinos grinding wheel) 1, which is the core of the present invention, is a wire mesh grinding wheel with a hard shape, in which metal wires 2 and 3 made of stainless steel wires are crossed and woven vertically and horizontally, and the entirety including the vertical and horizontal intersections is electroplated (nickel-plated), as shown in Figures 2(a) and (b). Also, the wire mesh grinding wheel (soft Torinos grinding wheel) 4 is a wire mesh grinding wheel with a hard shape, in which metal wires 2 and 3 made of stainless steel wires are crossed and woven vertically and horizontally, and the vertical and horizontal intersections are not fixed, and the entirety is flexible, as shown in Figures 2(a) and (C). The above manufacturing method is a wire mesh grinding wheel in which the intersections are not fixed or connected by electroplating each metal wire 2 and 3 separately during electroplating (nickel plating). These wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 have a mesh maintained in a cavity 5, and cutting chips, grinding waste, and coolant liquid are smoothly discharged to the outside from this cavity by spraying coolant liquid.
The diamond abrasive grains D are fixed to the surfaces of the metal wires 2 and 3, as shown in the enlarged photograph of the mesh in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4 have diamond abrasive grains D fixed to the outer peripheral processing surfaces 1a and 4a and the both side processing (blade) surfaces 1b and 4b of the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the conventional metal saw MS has a cutting blade only on the outer peripheral surface. As a result, as shown in the explanation of the "cutting and grooving tool and processing (blade) surface" shown in FIG. 3, the metal saw only processes grooves using the cutting blade on the outer peripheral surface, and the cooling effect on the side is weak, making it easy to cause side burns. The wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4 can process the outer peripheral surface and both side surfaces, and have a high cooling effect and chip discharge efficiency due to the coolant liquid, so the life of the diamond abrasive grains is never exhausted, and they are very effective.

Furthermore, the advantages of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 and the disadvantages of the metal saw MS will be explained in detail with reference to Figures 4 to 9. In Figure 4, a metal saw that has no cutting edges on the sides causes "large stress concentration on the sides, "" only cutting action by one row of cutting edges on the periphery," and "severe grinding burn due to lack of side edges" during zigzag processing. In contrast, a wire mesh grinding wheel causes "no stress concentration on the sides,""abrasive grains on the periphery and both sides, so the entire surface is a cutting edge," and "minimal burn on the grinding wheel or workpiece." Figure 5 shows the state of frictional heat generated by the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 , and shows the outer periphery machining direction F1 and the outer periphery groove machining direction F2 by the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4. When the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 are used for each of the above processes, the heat generated during the machining of the outer peripheral surface of the circular bar W is relatively small, whereas when machining the outer peripheral surface of the circular bar W and machining of the narrowed side surface are performed simultaneously, the heat generated by the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 becomes large, but the wire mesh grinding wheels have countless gaps in the wire mesh, and when the grinding wheel is subjected to slight vibrations in the axial direction (zigzag reciprocating motion), the coolant liquid easily penetrates into the gaps on the outer peripheral surface and both sides of the grinding wheel, providing a cooling effect, chip discharge effect, and actively removing grinding debris that easily accumulates in the mesh gaps, resulting in a machining state in which cooling and cleaning of the diamond abrasive grains D are ensured. This actively suppresses heat generation during high-precision and efficient grinding operation, and provides the effect and effect of a maintenance-free wire mesh grinding wheel.

Next, in Figure 6, when comparing the number of diamond abrasive grains D in the cases of a metal saw MS without a side blade and wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4, the metal saw has approximately 10 cutting edges in one row on the outer periphery, while the wire mesh grinding wheel has approximately 57 cutting edges along the entire periphery.
Furthermore, when trying to use a simple calculation formula, the result is as shown in Figure 7 (a). From the figure and its numerical values, if the diamond length is 0.2 mm, the number of diamonds on the circumference (A) is 1,570. The number of diamonds on the surface (A) is 133,825. It can be seen that the wire mesh grinding wheel has about 85 times the processing capacity of a metal saw.

The wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 have an outer diameter of 150 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, and an exposed amount of the grinding wheel of 10 mm, as shown in Fig. 7(b) in the photograph. The white part in the photograph is the diamond abrasive grain D. Fig. 7(C) has a mesh of 0.5 mm square, and the diamond abrasive grain D is fixed to the outer circumference of the stainless steel wire. Thus, when processing the workpiece W, the heated coolant liquid, cutting chips, grinding waste, etc. pass through the mesh, which promotes the discharge action and effect to the outside, and also provides a cooling and cleaning action for the diamond abrasive grains, and there is no heat wear, so that it can be kept in a semi-permanently usable state.
As shown in FIG. 9, the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4 are bent in the axial direction of the main shaft (not shown), and their surfaces have a mesh pattern.

The wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 are attached to a rotating shaft S via a fastening ring 5 as shown in FIG. 8. The rotating shaft S is, for example, not shown, but the wire mesh grinding wheels are directly attached to the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool. The wire mesh grinding wheels are attached to an angle head, which is then attached to the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, a processing control device 100 (hereinafter referred to as a chopping processing control device) that vibrates a tool in the grinding wheel axis direction by an NC control device 50 supplies a pump pulsating fluid. The chopping processing control device 100 has a function of swinging the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 provided on a zigzag driving arbor (also called a zigzag driving tool or a micro-vibration tool holder) 10 disclosed in FIG. 11 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11, and a function of continuously or intermittently supplying a coolant liquid C to the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4. The configuration will be briefly described below.

The chopping control device 100 shown in FIG. 10 is controlled by, for example, an NC control device 50 that controls the operation of a machine tool. Of course, although not shown, it can be mounted on a vertical machine tool with a spindle head (Z-axis) of the machine tool in a vertical position, or on a machine configuration with a quill head on the spindle. The outline of the function is that a two-cylinder fluid supply device 60 pumps up coolant liquid C0 by a motor M0 whose rotation is controlled by an inverter, and is equipped with a fluid pressure generating unit 70 (also called an oil pressure generating unit 70 if the coolant is oil-based) that optimizes fluid pulsating pressures V1 and V2 of different phases. The fluid pressure generating unit 70 can generate a pulsating fluid V3 that combines the fluid pulsating pressures V1 and V2 discharged from the fluid supply device 60, a pulsating fluid V4 that matches the phases of both, or a constant pressure V5 by an accumulator A, and performs opening and closing operations of a plurality of valves (1), (2), (3), and (4) by commands from the NC control device 50 (detailed functions omitted).

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 10, the coolant C for the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 is supplied continuously or intermittently to the nozzles N1 and N2. The coolant C is supplied to the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 by switching to a side-through coolant or center-through coolant system. In the present invention, a zigzag drive arbor 10 shown in Figs. 11(a) and 11(b) is applied as an arbor attached to the tip of a holder inserted into a spindle (not shown) of a machine tool. The structure is such that a rotating shaft 13 that can slide in the axial direction by spline engagement is fitted into a central hole 12 penetrating the inside of a cylindrical body 11, and a large diameter portion 12a is formed at the lower end of the central hole 12 penetrating the cylindrical body 11, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet M4 is fixed to the portion of the rotating shaft 13 that penetrates this portion. The tip 13a of the rotating shaft 13 protrudes from the large diameter portion 12a to the outside of the tip, and the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 or 4 are fixed to the tip by fastening rings 5 arranged on both sides with nuts 16. A ring-shaped permanent magnet M5 is fixed to the upper surface (inside the large diameter portion 12a) of a disk 14 that closes the opening of the large diameter portion 12a of the rotating shaft 13 at the base of the tip 13a of the rotating shaft 13. As a result, as shown in Figure 11 (b), the permanent magnet M5 is floated by the coolant C, and the permanent magnet M4 is pressed against the permanent magnet M5 when the pressure is reduced, and when the coolant C is gone, the rotating shaft 13 is floated as shown in Figure 11 (a). As a result, the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 at the tip 13a are floated by the gap X between the two permanent magnets M4 and M5, and the upper end surface of the rotating shaft 13 having the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 is moved down by the pressure of the coolant C like a piston. This lifting and lowering motion occurs by the stroke of the gap X between the two permanent magnets M4, M5, and the wire mesh grindstones 1, 4 are driven by an oscillation width X by the intermittent supply of pulsating fluid (also called fluid pressure pulsation) V3 or V4 of the coolant C.

The pulsating fluid V3 or V4 of the coolant C is a fluid pressure pulsating coolant C passing through the center hole of the rotating shaft 13, so when a part of it is pressure-fed to the center of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4, it passes through the gaps 5 of the meshes 2, 3 and flows radially toward the outer periphery as shown in Figure 2, and is supplied to both sides and the outer periphery of the meshes 2, 3, performing multiple functions of lubrication, cooling, and chip removal. The zigzag drive tool 10 adopts Patent No. 5839308.

12A and 12B, in the zigzag drive tool 10, with respect to cutting into the workpiece W with and without pulsation, grinding burn occurs in the workpiece W when there is no pulsation as in FIG. 12A, and when there is pulsation as in FIG. 12B, pulsation occurs in the wire mesh grinding wheel 1 or 4 with the stroke of the gap X between the two permanent magnets M4, M5 due to the pulsating fluid V3 or V4 of the coolant C, and a pulsating gap X is generated in the cutting groove H1 into the workpiece W, where the pulsating fluid V3 or V4 of the coolant C is sprayed, thereby performing the multiple functions of lubrication, cooling, and chip removal for the wire mesh grinding wheel and the grinding surface.

At this time, when looking at the mesh 5 of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 in the enlarged photograph of Figure 13, the diamond abrasive grains D are fixed to the surface of the metal wires 2, 3, and the metal wires 2, 3 made of stainless steel wires are woven vertically and horizontally, and the vertical and horizontal intersections are not fixed, so the whole has flexibility. The wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 maintain the cavities 5 that form the mesh by the chip removal action. That is, the chips, grinding chips, and coolant liquid accumulated in the cavities are smoothly discharged to the outside by the injection of the coolant liquid C. The above action and effect will be explained in detail with the photograph of Figure 14. In (a), "the grinding liquid is temporarily held in the gaps of the wire mesh." In (b), "the processing point of the workpiece W is cooled and the chips are temporarily held." (C) "heat is discharged and chips are discharged." Thus, the cooling effect of the wire mesh and the chip discharge effect are actively obtained.

Next, FIG. 15 shows an example of cutting the workpiece W by mounting the zigzag drive arbor (also called zigzag drive tool or micro vibration tool holder) 10 on the spindle of an NC controlled machine tool (both not shown), and providing the wire mesh grindstone 1 or 4 on the spindle. FIG. 15(a) shows a zigzag drive arbor 10 performing "straight line processing E1" without pulsation with the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4, and since the diamond abrasive grains D are also present on the sides of the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4, side cutting processing of the workpiece W is performed, and a small gap is obtained, so grinding burns like those of a metal saw do not occur. Therefore, when performing the "zigzag processing E2" in FIG. 15(b) with a pulsation width X1 mm, if it is performed under the grinding conditions in FIG. 16, no zigzag processing residues are generated. The condition is that if the zigzag pitch is within 0.1 mm, the processing residue becomes zero. It was confirmed from the test results that the pulsation width of the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4 at this time should desirably be within 1 mm.

15 to 17, various curve machining methods for various curve machining E3, E4, E5 can be implemented by moving the zigzag movement locus according to the relative position of the zigzag drive arbor and the workpiece W. In addition, in Fig. 17, curve machining E3 can be performed on both side surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 by moving the zigzag drive arbor 10 attached to the main shaft of an NC controlled machine tool on a circular arc locus E3.

In addition, as shown in Figure 18, by attaching a zigzag drive arbor 10 to an angle head attached to the main shaft of an NC controlled machine tool, and moving this along a straight line trajectory E4 and a circular arc trajectory E5, it has been confirmed from the test results that revolutionary curved processing E5 can be performed on both sides and the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 without making the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 parabolic (bowl) shaped.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 19, by attaching a zigzag drive arbor 10 to an angle head (both not shown) attached to the spindle of an NC controlled machine tool and moving it along this arc trajectory E6, it was confirmed from the test results that revolutionary curved machining of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 into an arc shape can be performed on both side surfaces and the outer circumferential surface of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4.

12 to 19, an embodiment was described in which both sides and the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 can be freely and freely processed from straight lines to curved lines. The grinding wheel side processing element test, which is part of this demonstration processing example, will be described as test results (1) and (2) in Figures 20 and 21. The zigzag drive arbor is directly attached to the spindle without an angle head.

The above Fig. 20 is a test photograph of the grinding wheel side processing element test result (1) of the workpiece W (CFRP), demonstrating the grinding wheel rotation speed: 900 rpm, feed: 2.0 mm/min, and cutting depth in the Z-axis direction: 3.0 mm. The confirmed processing results were: 1. No clogging. 2. No chip adhesion. 2. No grinding wheel deformation.
Figure 21 shows a test photograph of the grinding wheel side machining element test result (2) by feeding in the X-axis direction and then the Z-axis direction for the workpiece W (CFRP), and an enlarged photograph of the cut hole. The step disappears if circular arc (helical) interpolation smoothing processing is performed, proving that smooth circular arc processing is possible. The rotation speed, feed, and cutting depth are as shown in Figure 21.

In the grinding wheel side surface processing element test result (1) of the workpiece W (CFRP) in Figure 20 above, as shown in the photograph in Figure 24 (a) and the illustration in Figure 24 (b), if the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 are fed in the X-axis (a) direction and combined feed in the X-axis (a) and Z-axis (b) directions with respect to the workpiece W to perform arc (helical) interpolation smoothing processing, straight line cuts and circular arc cuts are processed continuously, there is no step between the workpiece W1 and the workpiece side W2, the workpiece is smoothed, and the generation of unnecessary grinding chips and processing time can be suppressed.
The above processing conditions are: rotation speed 1900 rpm; feed: 10.0 mm/min; cutting depth: 8. mm, feed in the X-axis direction up to 5 mm; feed in the X-axis direction up to 80 mm with R30 mm, lower 30 mm in the Z-axis direction, and feed in the X-axis direction up to 100 mm.

Next, the parabolic drive arbor 20 will be described with reference to Figures 22 and 23. This parabolic drive arbor is a part of the zigzag drive arbor (also called a micro-vibration tool holder) 10 described with reference to Figure 11, with the structure changed, and only the differences will be described below. In terms of the structure , in Figure 22(a), a rotating shaft 13 that can slide in the axial direction by spline engagement is fitted into a central hole 12 that penetrates a cylindrical body 11, and a large-diameter portion 12a is formed at the lower end of the central hole 12 that penetrates the cylindrical body 11, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet M4 is fixed to the middle of the rotating shaft 13 that penetrates through this portion. The tip portion 13a of the rotating shaft 13 protrudes from the large-diameter portion 12a to the outside of the tip. When the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 or 4 are pulled upward as the disc spring 15 on their upper surface deforms convexly, the outer periphery is pushed by the cam disk J, and the flanges F1, F2 arranged on both sides are fixed with nuts 16 with the center part being convex upward. Conversely, when the permanent magnet M5 is attracted to the permanent magnet M4 by the reduction in pressure fluid, as shown in Fig. 22(b) , the tip of the rotating shaft 13 is protruded downward. Thus, the tip 13a of the wire mesh grinding wheels 1 and 4 protrudes by the gap X between the two permanent magnets M4, M5, and the upper end surface of the rotating shaft 13 having the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 with the concave center is moved downward by the pressure of the coolant C like a piston. This lifting and lowering movement occurs due to the stroke of the gap X between the two permanent magnets M4, M5, and the fluid pulsating pressure (fluid pressure pulsation) V3 or V4 of the coolant C drives the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 to protrude downward.

Thus, when the tip 13a of the rotating shaft 13 of the parabolic drive arbor 20 is lifted upward as shown in Fig. 22(a), the wire mesh grindstone 1 or 4 assumes a parabolic shape with the disc spring 15, which serves as the outer peripheral restraining ring attached to the upper surface of the inner diameter side, raised at the center in a mountain shape. When the tip 13a of the rotating shaft 13 is pressed downward as shown in Fig. 22(b), the disc spring 15 attached to the upper surface of the inner diameter side assumes a parabolic shape with the center pressed down in a bowl shape. The parabolic shape is formed with upper and lower curvatures by pressurization and depressurization as shown in Fig. 23.

Thus, the parabolic wire mesh grinding wheel 1 or 4 can perform arbitrary curve cutting processing freely and rationally by changing the curvature direction of the parabolic shape for various curvature rates of the circular arc trajectories E3 to E6 shown in Figures 17 to 19. This further shortens the processing time and greatly reduces grinding waste.

As described above, a straight line and an arbitrary curve cutting method is carried out in a cutting processing device for a workpiece that is equipped with a wire mesh grinding wheel on a micro-vibration tool holder (zigzag drive arbor or zigzag drive) 10, a parabolic drive arbor 20, etc., on the main shaft of an NC controlled machine tool.
The constituent elements and effects of the present invention will be described below in order according to each of the claims (1 to 7) .

The method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves with a wire mesh grindstone of the present invention is a method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves with a wire mesh grindstone attached to a micro-vibration tool holder, and the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool is provided with a micro-vibration tool holder that pulsates in the grindstone axial direction by the fluid pressure pulsation controlled by the NC control unit and generated by the fluid pressure generating unit, and the micro-vibration tool holder is provided with a wire mesh grindstone with diamond abrasive grains masked on the entire wire mesh including the intersections of each wire mesh line of a wire mesh body that crosses vertically and horizontally, and the wire mesh grindstone is provided with a system that supplies the pulsating coolant liquid. As a result, the processing direction and type of the wire mesh grindstone can be applied to various processing means such as (processing on the outer peripheral surface of the tool), (processing in the side direction of the tool), straight line and arbitrary curve cutting, zigzag processing, parabolic cross section processing , etc.

Furthermore, in the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 provided in the micro-vibration tool holder 10, the wire mesh grinding wheels have diamond abrasive grains attached to their outer peripheral surface and both left and right side surfaces, and it is possible to cut into the workpiece with the outer peripheral surface of the wire mesh grinding wheel and to process straight grooves slightly wider than the thickness and width dimension of the wire mesh grinding wheel on both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel.

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 provided in the micro-vibration tool holder 10, in cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using the above-mentioned wire mesh grinding wheels, diamond abrasive grains are attached to the outer peripheral surface and both left and right side surfaces of the wire mesh grinding wheel, and the wire mesh grinding wheel is particularly good at machining arc grooves in the workpiece in the directions of both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel .

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder 10, the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the chopping pulsating micro-vibration tool holder cuts into the workpiece with the outer surface of the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the rotating shaft of the main shaft due to the axial pulsation of the micro-vibration tool holder when cutting a straight groove , and the wire mesh grinding wheel can be efficiently grooved into a groove wider than the thickness dimension of the wire mesh grinding wheel on both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel.

Furthermore, the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder can efficiently machine grooves such as zigzag grooves and wavy grooves by periodically cutting one side of each side of the wire mesh grinding wheel into the workpiece when cutting a straight groove using the chopping pulsation of the micro-vibration tool holder .

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder, the wire mesh grinding wheel is fixed to the angle head of the main shaft of the NC controlled machine tool via the micro-vibration tool holder, and the wire mesh grinding wheel is axially controlled to an inclination angle along the radius of curvature of the angle head, thereby making it possible to process zigzag grooves, i.e., wavy grooves , or curves by freely changing the cutting direction within the groove width of the zigzag groove .

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder, the wire mesh grinding wheel is attached to the main shaft of an NC controlled machine tool via a micro-vibration tool holder, and can cut straight lines and arbitrary curves by controlling the axial direction of the main shaft without changing the angle of the main shaft and controlling its relative position to the workpiece on the table.

Furthermore, the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder sets the amplitude width of the wire mesh grinding wheel oscillating axially by the micro-vibration tool holder to within 1 mm, and the feed pitch of the wire mesh grinding wheel in one zigzag to within 0.1 mm, thereby enabling high-precision groove processing to be performed without leaving any processing streaks in the zigzag grooves, i.e., wavy grooves, of the wire mesh grinding wheel.

Furthermore, in the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grindstone provided on a micro-vibration tool holder, when the wire mesh grindstone is attached to a parabolic drive arbor 20, bending the wire mesh grindstone into a bowl shape allows for upward curving or curving cutting of the workpiece. Also, bending the wire mesh grindstone into an inverted bowl shape allows for downward curving or curving cutting of the workpiece.

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder attached to a parabolic drive arbor 20 , by adjusting and controlling the curvature radius of the wire mesh grinding wheel, which bends the wire mesh grinding wheel in the vertical direction, the curvature of the curved processing or curved cutting can be made variable, and a wide variety of curvatures can be obtained, while also providing efficient cutting.

Furthermore, in the method of cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel, if the intersections of the vertical and horizontal wire meshes of the wire mesh are masked before electrochemical deposition to give the wire mesh grinding wheel a flexible characteristic that prevents the intersections from sticking, flexible cutting of a wide variety of straight lines and arbitrary curved lines can be achieved with a single wire mesh grinding wheel (for example, one specific target means is a processing method that allows soft materials such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates, duralumin plates, other synthetic resin plates, thin metal plates, etc. to be cut into straight lines, arbitrary groove widths, and arbitrary curves).

Furthermore, in the above-described method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel, the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder is capable of cutting high-rigidity workpieces when the intersections of the vertical and horizontal metal wires of the wire mesh are electroplated and fixed to the hard surface.

As described above, according to the " method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel," if processing accuracy is not an issue, similar three-dimensional processing can be carried out in an advanced manner by attaching a fine-motion tool holder equipped with a wire mesh grinding wheel to the wrist of a three-dimensional robot.

As an additional note, in Fig. 3, the metal saw MS has a cutting blade on the outer periphery, but the idea of changing the design to a "metal saw with side blades" in which a number of simple dredging blades are attached or raised over the entire left and right sides is conceivable. However, unlike the wire mesh grindstones 1 and 4, a simple side blade does not have the wear resistance of diamond abrasive grains, and the side blades are subject to rapid wear. In addition, there is a possibility that problems such as no measures being taken to discharge cutting chips or cool the sides are likely to occur, and it is presumed that the expected action and effect will not be obtained at all.

The present invention has been described in terms of its target objects being workpieces such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates and duralumin plates that form aircraft bodies, other synthetic resin plates, thin metal plates, etc., but it can be applied to plate-shaped or material workpieces in a variety of production devices as the processing target.
Specifically , in an apparatus for cutting and extracting aircraft wings and other parts, a micro-vibration tool holder equipped with the wire mesh grinding wheels 1, 4 of the present invention is attached to the main shaft (not shown) of a conveying means (not shown), and straight and curved cuts and grinding of cut surfaces can be performed with high precision and efficiency over the entire length of very long workpieces, such as the tens of meters long wings of large airplanes.

1, 4 Wire mesh grinding wheel 2, 3 Metal wire 1a, 4a Outer circumference machining surface 1b, 4b Both side machining surfaces 5 Clamping ring 10 Zigzag drive tool ( zigzag drive arbor, micro-vibration tool holder)
20 Parabolic drive arbor 15 Disc spring (periphery restraining wheel)
50 NC control device 60 Fluid supplier 70 Fluid pressure generating unit (hydraulic control unit)
100 Chopping processing control device C Coolant liquid D Diamond abrasive grain E1 Linear processing E2 Zigzag processing E3 Curved processing E4 Linear processing E5 Circular trajectory processing E6 Arbitrary curve cutting processing M4, M5 Permanent magnet S Main shaft S1 Rotating shaft MS Metal saw V1, V2 Fluid pulsation pressure (fluid pressure pulsation)
W, W1, W2 Work material

Claims (7)

A cutting processing device using an NC controlled machine tool, comprising: a main spindle of an NC controlled machine tool , which is provided with a micro-vibration tool holder that causes a grinding wheel shaft to pulsate back and forth in the direction of the wheel axis by fluid pressure pulsation of a coolant liquid from a fluid pressure generating unit controlled by an NC control unit; said micro-vibration tool holder is provided with a wire mesh grinding wheel having diamond abrasive grains electro-deposited onto the entire wire mesh including each intersection of vertically and horizontally crossed metal wires; said wire mesh grinding wheel is provided with a processing control device that supplies the fluid pressure pulsating coolant liquid to said wire mesh grinding wheel and causes said grinding wheel shaft to pulsate back and forth in the direction of the wheel axis ; and said cutting processing device cuts straight lines and arbitrary curves of a workpiece using the wire mesh grinding wheel of said micro-vibration tool holder;
The wire mesh grinding wheel of the micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of the NC-controlled machine tool is caused to move back and forth in the wheel axial direction by the fluid pressure pulsation of the coolant when a command to cut a straight groove is given from the NC control unit, and the wire mesh grinding wheel cuts into the workpiece with its outer peripheral surface, and when a command to cut an arbitrary curve is given, the wire mesh grinding wheel cuts into the workpiece with its outer peripheral surface, and the NC control unit finely controls the micro-vibration tool holder in the directions toward both side surfaces of the wire mesh grinding wheel, thereby machining a curved groove while cutting on both sides of the wire mesh grinding wheel in a width wider than the thickness and width dimensions of the wire mesh grinding wheel. 2. The method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curved lines of a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool periodically oscillates to cut into both cutting sides of the workpiece, thereby machining zigzag grooves, i.e., wavy grooves. 3. A method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves in a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the grinding wheel rotation shaft of the NC-controlled machine tool via a micro-vibration tool holder cuts straight lines and arbitrary curves by controlling the direction of the grinding wheel advancement and controlling the relative position to the workpiece on the table without changing the angle of the grinding wheel rotation shaft. 3. The method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves of a workpiece using a wire mesh grinding wheel of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the amplitude width of the wire mesh grinding wheel oscillated back and forth in the axial direction by the micro-vibration tool holder is within 1 mm, the feed pitch of the wire mesh grinding wheel in one zigzag is within 0.1 mm, and no machining streaks remain on the cut surface which becomes a zigzag groove or a wavy groove made by the wire mesh grinding wheel. In the method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves of a workpiece by using a wire mesh grindstone of a micro-vibration tool holder mounted on a spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool according to claim 1 , the wire mesh grindstone is attached to the tip of a grindstone shaft of the micro-vibration tool holder which pulsates back and forth in the grindstone shaft direction due to the fluid pressure pulsation of a coolant liquid generated by a fluid pressure generating unit , and the wire mesh grindstone has an outer peripheral restraining ring (disc spring) which fits to the tip of the grindstone shaft and is fixed to the tip of a restraining ring, and when the grindstone advances toward the tip side of the grindstone shaft, the central part of the wire mesh grindstone is a center of the wire mesh grinding wheel mounted on a micro-vibration tool holder attached to the spindle of an NC-controlled machine tool, the center of the wire mesh grinding wheel being concave so that the outer peripheral edge is bent upward into a bowl shape, and when the grinding wheel shaft is retracted , the center of the wire mesh grinding wheel being convex so that the outer peripheral edge is bent downward into an inverted bowl shape; when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into a bowl shape, the workpiece is bent or curved upward, and when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent into an inverted bowl shape, the workpiece is bent or curved downward. 6. A method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder as described in claim 5, characterized in that when the wire mesh grinding wheel is bent in the axial direction of the grinding wheel shaft , the radius of curvature of the wire mesh grinding wheel is adjusted and controlled to make the degree of curvature of the curved cut variable. 2. A method for cutting straight lines and arbitrary curves using a wire mesh grinding wheel attached to a micro-vibration tool holder as described in claim 1, characterized in that the wire mesh grinding wheel attached to the micro-vibration tool holder is configured so that the intersections of the vertical and horizontal metal wires of the wire mesh are masked before electro-deposition so that the intersections do not adhere to each other.