JP7533446B2 - 固体電解質、蓄電デバイス及び固体電解質の製造方法 - Google Patents
固体電解質、蓄電デバイス及び固体電解質の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7533446B2 JP7533446B2 JP2021511312A JP2021511312A JP7533446B2 JP 7533446 B2 JP7533446 B2 JP 7533446B2 JP 2021511312 A JP2021511312 A JP 2021511312A JP 2021511312 A JP2021511312 A JP 2021511312A JP 7533446 B2 JP7533446 B2 JP 7533446B2
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- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YWQNGJZYCSFDSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound C(C)[N+](C)(CC)CC.[N-](S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F YWQNGJZYCSFDSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIWAQLJGPBVORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylmethylamine Chemical compound CCNC LIWAQLJGPBVORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]O[Mn]=O GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052960 marcasite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C)C DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBPFEFIOHXSNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)sulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O ZBPFEFIOHXSNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GNMQOUGYKPVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ni+3].[Ni+3] GNMQOUGYKPVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PZFKDUMHDHEBLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxonickeliooxy)nickel Chemical compound O=[Ni]O[Ni]=O PZFKDUMHDHEBLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical group [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006012 semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CC SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten dioxide Inorganic materials O=[W]=O DZKDPOPGYFUOGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(VI) oxide Inorganic materials O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
前記各種パーフルオロアルキルボレートアニオンは、下記化学式(E)で表されるモノ(フルオロアルキル)トリフルオロボレートアニオン、及びビス(フルオロアルキル)フルオロボレートアニオンであるようにしてもよい。
固体電解質は、蓄電デバイスの正負電極間に介在し、主としてイオンを伝導する。蓄電デバイスは、電気エネルギーを充放電する受動素子であり、例えばリチウムイオン二次電池及び電気二重層キャパシタ等である。リチウムイオン二次電池は、ファラデー反応電極を有し、固体電解質中のリチウムイオンを電極に可逆的に挿入及び脱離させることにより電気エネルギーを充電及び放電する。電気二重層キャパシタは、電極の一方又は両方が分極性電極であり、電極と固体電解質との界面に形成される電気二重層の蓄電作用を利用して充電及び放電する。
蓄電デバイスは、固体電解質を挟んで正負の電極を対向させて成る。正負の電極の接触を防止し、また固体電解質の形態保持のために正負の電極の間にはセパレータが配される。但し、固体電解質が正負の電極の接触を防止可能な程度の厚みを有し、また単独で形態保持可能な硬度を備えるようにすれば、所謂セパレータレスであってもよい。
2種のアニオンを含む柔粘性結晶を用いて実施例1乃至10の電気二重層キャパシタ用の固体電解質を作製し、各実施例の固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。
電解質として柔粘性結晶にドープするイオン性塩が実施例1と相違する実施例15、及び電解質として柔粘性結晶にドープするイオン性塩が実施例5と相違する実施例16の電気二重層キャパシタ用の固体電解質を作製した。実施例15及び16の固体電解質は、柔粘性結晶の合計に対して25mol%となるように電解質であるSBPBF4(スピロビピロリジニウムテトラフルオロボレート、東京化成製)をバイアル瓶に更に加え、また柔粘性結晶と電解質の総計の固形分濃度が10wt%となるようにアセトニトリル(和光純薬)を加えた。実施例15の固体電解質は、電解質が異なる点を除き、実施例1の固体電解質と同一条件で作製され、実施例16の固体電解質は、電解質が異なる点を除き、実施例5の固体電解質と同一条件で作製された。
次に、2種のアニオンを含む柔粘性結晶を用いて実施例11及び12のリチウムイオン二次電池用の固体電解質を作製し、各実施例の固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。
更に、2種のアニオンを含む柔粘性結晶を用いて実施例13及び14の電気二重層キャパシタ用の固体電解質を作製し、各実施例の固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。
更に、2種のアニオンを含む柔粘性結晶を用いて実施例17乃至20の電気二重層キャパシタ用の固体電解質を作製し、各実施例の固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。
以上の各イオン伝導度の測定試験は25℃の温度環境下で行われた。次に、常温から低温温度範囲における各固体電解質のイオン伝導度を測定した。まず、アニオンとしてCFSAアニオンとNFSアニオンを等モル量用い、カチオンとしてP12を用いた実施例21の固体電解質を作製した。また、アニオンとしてCFSAアニオンとTFSAアニオンを等モル量用い、カチオンとしてP12を用いた実施例15の固体電解質を比較対象とした。
実施例22の固体電解質は、CFSAアニオンとTFSAアニオンを1:1のモル比で含む柔粘性結晶を用いて作製された。柔粘性結晶を構成するカチオンは、P12カチオンとした。即ち、CFSAアニオンとP12カチオンにより構成される柔粘性結晶と、TFSAアニオンとP12カチオンにより構成される柔粘性結晶を1:1のモル比でバイアル瓶に加えた。バイアル瓶には、電解質としてTEMABF4を更に加え、またアセトニトリルを更に加えた。TEMABF4は柔粘性結晶の合計に対して7mol%となるように加え、またアセトニトリルに対して10wt%の濃度となるように溶解させた。
Claims (14)
- 電解質がドープされた柔粘性結晶を含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル基、フルオロスルホニル基又はこれらの両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群から選ばれる異なる2種のアニオンを含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含み、
前記2種のアニオンの混合比は、モル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする固体電解質。 - 電解質がドープされた柔粘性結晶を含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、第1群と第2群からそれぞれ1種選ばれるアニオンを含み、
前記第1群は、NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル、フルオロスルホニル又は両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群であり、
前記第2群は、ヘキサフルオロホスフェートアニオン、PF6の一部のフッ素原子がフルオロアルキル基で置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルホスフェートアニオン、及びBF4アニオンの一部のフッ素原子がフルオロアルキル基で置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルボレートアニオンの群であり、
前記2種のアニオンの混合比は、モル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする固体電解質。 - 電解質がドープされた柔粘性結晶を含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含み、
前記柔粘性結晶は、第1群と第2群からそれぞれ1種選ばれるアニオンを含み、
前記第1群は、NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル、フルオロスルホニル又は両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群であり、
前記第2群は、スルホン酸骨格から延びる炭化水素基がパーフルオロアルキル基に置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオンの群であり、
前記2種のアニオンの混合比は、モル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする固体電解質。 - 前記2種のアニオンの混合比は、モル比で20:80~80:20の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れかに記載の固体電解質。 - 前記第1群から選ばれたアニオン(A)と前記第2群である各種パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオンの群から選ばれたアニオン(B)との混合比は、モル比で(A):(B)=85:15~20:80の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする請求項3又は6に記載の固体電解質。 - 前記第1群から選ばれたアニオン(A)と前記第2群である各種パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオンの群から選ばれたアニオン(B)との混合比は、モル比で(A):(B)=80:20~50:50の範囲内であること、
を特徴とする請求項3又は6に記載の固体電解質。 - 請求項1乃至9の何れかに記載の固体電解質と、
前記固体電解質を挟んで対向する両電極と、
を備えること、
を特徴とする蓄電デバイス。 - 前記両電極の一方又は両方は、多孔質材料により成る活物質層と集電体を有する分極性電極であり、
前記分極性電極と前記固体電解質との境界面に電気二重層が形成されること、
を特徴とする請求項10記載の蓄電デバイス。 - NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル基、フルオロスルホニル基又はこれらの両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群から選ばれる異なる2種のアニオン、並びに第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含む柔粘性結晶を作製する工程と、
前記柔粘性結晶に電解質をドープする工程と、
を含み、
前記柔粘性結晶を作製する工程で、前記2種のアニオンを、モル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内で混合すること、
を特徴とする固体電解質の製造方法。 - 第1群と第2群からそれぞれ1種選ばれるアニオンがモル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内で混合され、更に第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含む柔粘性結晶を作製する工程と、
前記柔粘性結晶に電解質をドープする工程と、
を含み、
前記第1群は、NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル、フルオロスルホニル又は両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群であり、
前記第2群は、ヘキサフルオロホスフェートアニオン、PF6の一部のフッ素原子がフルオロアルキル基で置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルホスフェートアニオン、及びBF4アニオンの一部のフッ素原子がフルオロアルキル基で置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルボレートアニオンの群であること、
を特徴とする固体電解質の製造方法。 - 第1群と第2群からそれぞれ1種選ばれるアニオンがモル比で10:90~90:10の範囲内で混合され、更に第4級アンモニウムカチオンを含む柔粘性結晶を作製する工程と、
前記柔粘性結晶に電解質をドープする工程と、
を含み、
前記第1群は、NH2アニオンの2つの水素原子がパーフルオロアルキルスルホニル、フルオロスルホニル又は両方で置換された各種アミドアニオン、及びトリス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メタニドアニオンの群であり、
前記第2群は、スルホン酸骨格から延びる炭化水素基がパーフルオロアルキル基に置換された各種パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオンの群であること、
を特徴とする固体電解質の製造方法。
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