JP7602967B2 - Method for constructing structure and fixing jig - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a structure and a fixing jig used therefor.

When constructing a concrete structure such as a wall, it is common to traditionally assemble the rebar, assemble the formwork, pour the concrete, and then remove the formwork after curing it to a specified age.

As such, the construction of concrete structures involves a mixture of multiple types of work, making the work complicated. In addition, there has been a shortage of skilled construction workers in recent years, with a particularly dramatic decline in the number of carpenters, and it is expected that it will become difficult to secure carpenter personnel in the future.

Therefore, in recent years, there has been a demand for the development of simpler construction methods. As an example, Patent Document 1 discloses a construction method in which an outer shell is formed by spraying a cement-based material, and then concrete is poured inside the outer shell to build a structure.

JP 2020-94401 A

The above method simplifies the construction of the structure and addresses the shortage of workers. However, there is a risk that the shell will deform due to the lateral pressure when pouring the concrete, so it is necessary to maintain the shape of the shell in an optimal manner.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a method for constructing a structure and a fixing jig that can effectively maintain the shape of the outer shell.

The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method for constructing a structure using the hardener and the filler by step (a) of applying a hardener to the outside of an inner formwork and step (b) of filling the inside of the inner formwork with a filler, and prior to step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig includes a base portion embedded in the hardener, a shaft portion protruding outward from the base portion, and a widened portion at the tip of the shaft portion away from the base portion, and a stud portion embedded in the hardener .
The second invention is a method for constructing a structure, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hardener to the outside of an inner formwork; and (b) removing the inner formwork and filling the inside of the hardener with a filler, thereby constructing a structure using the hardener and the filler, and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig includes a base portion embedded in the hardener, a shaft portion protruding outward from the base portion, and a widened portion at the tip of the shaft portion away from the base portion, and a stud portion embedded in the hardener.

In the present invention, a hardening material is applied to the inner formwork to form the outer shell of the structure, and when filling the inside of the shell with a filler to construct the structure, a fixing jig is used to fix the end of the tensile material to the hardening material of the outer shell. This allows the tensile material to resist the lateral pressure applied to the outer shell when filling the filler, preventing deformation of the outer shell.

Preferably, the tension members are shear reinforcement bars.
In the present invention, the shear reinforcement of the structure is used as the tensile material, and the shear reinforcement is utilized as a separator, thereby eliminating the need to install separators in the conventional formwork, and simplifying the construction.

The fixing jig is fixed in the hardening material by the fixing body provided on the base part, so that the tension member can be fixed securely. The base part is arranged, for example, on the fixing plate of the end of the shear reinforcement which is the tension member, or on the inside of the bent part of the end of the shear reinforcement which is the tension member.

The third invention is a method for constructing a structure, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hardening material to the outside of an inner formwork; and (b) filling the inside of the inner formwork with a filler, thereby constructing a structure using the hardening material and the filler, and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardening material , and the fixing jig is attached to a reinforcement material other than the shear reinforcement of the structure as the attachment target, and the end of the shear reinforcement, which is the tensile material, is fixed to the hardening material by the fixing jig via the reinforcement material.
The fourth invention is a method for constructing a structure, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hardening material to the outside of an inner formwork; and (b) removing the inner formwork and filling the inside of the hardening material with a filler, thereby constructing a structure using the hardening material and the filler, and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardening material, and the fixing jig is attached to a reinforcement material other than the shear reinforcement of the structure as the attachment target, and the end of the shear reinforcement, which is the tensile material, is fixed to the hardening material by the fixing jig via the reinforcement material.
In the present invention, these methods allow the tension member to be easily fixed using a fixing jig.

A fifth invention is a method for constructing a structure, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hardener to the outside of an inner form; and (b) filling the inside of the inner form with a filler, thereby constructing a structure using the hardener and the filler; and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner form for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig is attached to the end of the tensile material as the attachment target, and the fixing jig has a base portion and an anchor that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardener, and the attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion , and a stud portion that is the anchor is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base portion, and the attachment target is pressed against the inner surface of the base portion with the tip of the stud portion.
A sixth invention is a method for constructing a structure using the hardener and the filling material by steps (a) of applying a hardener to the outside of an inner formwork and (b) of removing the inner formwork and filling the inside of the hardener with a filling material, and prior to step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig is attached to the end of the tensile material as an attachment target, the fixing jig having a base portion and a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardener, the attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion, and a stud portion that is the fixing body is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base portion, and the attachment target is pressed against the inner surface of the base portion with the tip of the stud portion.
This makes it possible to easily and reliably attach the fixing jig to the attachment object.

The seventh invention is a method for constructing a structure, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hardener to the outside of an inner formwork; and (b) filling the inside of the inner formwork with a filler, thereby constructing a structure using the hardener and the filler; and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filler is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig is attached to the end of the tensile material with the tensile material as the attachment target, and the fixing jig has a base portion and a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardener, and the attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion, and a portion of the circumferential direction of the cross section of the base portion is an open surface.
The eighth invention is a method for constructing a structure using the hardener and the filling material, comprising the steps of (a) applying a hardener to the outside of an inner formwork and (b) removing the inner formwork and filling the inside of the hardener with a filling material, and prior to the step (b), an end of a tensile material arranged inside the inner formwork for resisting the lateral pressure applied to the hardener when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardener using a fixing jig that is fixed to the hardener, and the fixing jig is attached to the end of the tensile material with the tensile material as the attachment target, the fixing jig having a base portion and a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardener, the attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion, and a portion of the circumferential direction of the cross section of the base portion is an open surface.
This allows the attachment target to be inserted and removed through the open surface of the base portion, making it easy to attach the fixing jig to the attachment target and to remove it from the attachment target.

The ninth invention is a fixing jig for using the shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling the inside of the outer shell of the structure with filling material, characterized in that the fixing jig has a base portion that is fixed to the outer shell and fixes an end of the shear reinforcement to the outer shell and is embedded in the outer shell, a shaft portion that protrudes outward from the base portion, and a widening portion at a tip of the shaft portion away from the base portion, and is embedded in the outer shell .
The tenth invention is a fixing jig for using the shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling the inside of the outer shell of the structure with filling material, characterized in that the fixing jig is fixed to the outer shell, fixes the ends of the shear reinforcement to the outer shell, and is attached to a reinforcing material other than the shear reinforcement of the structure as the mounting target, and the ends of the shear reinforcement are fixed to the outer shell by the fixing jig via the reinforcing material.
The eleventh invention is a fixing jig for using the shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling the inside of the outer shell of the structure with filling material, the fixing jig being fixed to the outer shell, fixing the ends of the shear reinforcement to the outer shell, and attaching the shear reinforcement to the ends of the shear reinforcement as an attachment target , and having a base and an anchoring body that protrudes outward from the base and is embedded in the outer shell, the base is positioned inside the base through which the attachment target is passed , the anchoring body being a stud portion is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base, and the tip of the stud portion presses the attachment target against the inner surface of the base.
The twelfth invention is a fixing jig for using the shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling the inside of the outer shell of the structure, the fixing jig being fixed to the outer shell, fixing the ends of the shear reinforcement to the outer shell, and attaching the shear reinforcement to the ends of the shear reinforcement as an attachment target, the fixing jig having a base portion and an anchoring body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the outer shell portion, the base portion being positioned inside the base portion with the attachment target passing through it, and a portion of the circumferential direction of the cross section of the base portion being an open surface.

The present invention provides a method for constructing a structure and a fixing jig that can effectively maintain the shape of the outer shell.

1A and 1B are diagrams showing a method for constructing the structure 1. FIG. 3A to 30D are views showing fixing jigs 30a to 30d and the like. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing fixing jigs 60c to 60e. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing fixing jigs 60h to 60j. An example in which a fixing jig 60 is provided at the bent portion of the shear reinforcement bar 23. An example of using H-shaped steel 24 as reinforcement. FIG. An example in which a fixing jig 70 is attached to the fixing plate 231 of the shear reinforcement 23.

The following describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing each process for constructing a structure 1 using a fixing jig 30 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a wall-like structure 1 is constructed. First, as shown in FIG. 1(a), a pair of inner forms 11 are arranged parallel to one another in a plane, and reinforcing materials for the structure 1 are placed inside the inner forms 11. In this embodiment, main reinforcement bars 21, distribution bars 22, and shear reinforcement bars 23 are placed as reinforcing materials for the structure 1.

The inner formwork 11 is used to apply the hardening agent 13 described below to form the outer shell of the structure 1. The inner formwork 11 is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, a steel mesh member such as a lath net.

The main reinforcement bars 21 are vertical reinforcing bars, and are arranged at intervals in the extension direction (corresponding to the left-right direction in Figure 1; hereafter referred to simply as the extension direction) in the plane of the inner formwork 11 near both inner formworks 11.

The reinforcing bars 22 are horizontal reinforcing bars that are arranged near both inner formworks 11 and in the extension direction of the inner formworks 11. The reinforcing bars 22 are arranged vertically in multiple tiers, one above the other, with gaps between them.

The shear reinforcement bars 23 are horizontal reinforcing bars, and are arranged along the direction connecting both inner formworks 11. This direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the inner formwork 11 in the plane, and corresponds to the up-down direction in Figure 1. Multiple shear reinforcement bars 23 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the inner formwork 11. They are also arranged vertically in multiple tiers spaced apart.

In this embodiment, after the inner formwork 11 and reinforcing materials such as the main reinforcement bars 21 are placed as described above, a hardening material 13 is applied to the outside of the inner formwork 11 as shown in FIG. 1(b). A cement-based material such as concrete or mortar can be used for the hardening material 13, and for example, the durability of the structure 1 can be increased by using high-strength mortar. In addition, ultra-high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete can also be used as the hardening material 13, and the amount of reinforcing material inside the structure 1 can be reduced due to the bending toughness of the steel fibers with high tensile strength that are mixed in.

In this embodiment, as in Patent Document 1, the hardener 13 is applied by working outside the inner formwork 11 by spraying the hardener 13 onto the outside of the inner formwork 11 using a spraying machine. The surface of the hardener 13 after spraying is smoothed, for example, by manual troweling. Here, "outside" refers to the exterior side of the structure 1, and the interior side of the structure 1 is referred to as "inside".

Then, the hardener 13 is cured to harden it, thereby forming the outer shell of the structure 1. A known hardening accelerator can be added to the hardener 13 to accelerate hardening.

In this embodiment, fixing jigs 30 are placed at both ends of the shear reinforcement 23, and each fixing jig 30 is embedded in the hardening material 13 outside both inner forms 11. The fixing jigs 30 are intended to allow the shear reinforcement 23 to resist the lateral pressure acting on the hardening material 13 when pouring concrete 20 (see FIG. 1(c) etc.) in a process described below.

Figure 2(a) shows the fixing jig 30, and Figure 2(b) is a perspective view of the fixing jig 30.

The fixing jig 30 of this embodiment has a configuration in which a stud portion 32 protruding outward is provided on the plate surface of a plate-shaped base portion 31, and is prefabricated in a factory or the like using steel material. There are no limitations on the type of steel material, but it is desirable for the steel material to have sufficient strength and rigidity so as not to deform under the lateral pressure when pouring concrete 20 in the process described below.

The stud portion 32 is a fixing body that is embedded in the hardening material 13 to fix the fixing jig 30 to the hardening material 13, and has a columnar shaft portion 321 extending from the base portion 31 and an expanded portion 322 provided at the tip of the shaft portion 321. The expanded portion 322 is a plate-shaped member having a width larger than the diameter of the shaft portion 321. The length of the stud portion 32 is set to a length that can reliably fix the fixing jig 30 to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell portion.

An anchoring plate 231 having an area larger than the cross section of the shear reinforcement 23 is provided at the end of the shear reinforcement 23. The anchoring plate 231 is for fixing the end of the shear reinforcement 23 inside the structure 1 against the shear force that is expected to act on the structure 1 after the concrete 20 hardens. The shear reinforcement 23 is arranged so that the anchoring plate 231 is hooked onto the outside of the reinforcing materials (main reinforcement 21 and distribution reinforcement 22) other than the shear reinforcement 23 of the structure 1.

The fixing jig 30 is arranged so that the base portion 31 is located inside the fixing plate 231, between the fixing plate 231 and the reinforcing material (main reinforcement 21 and distribution reinforcement 22), and the stud portions 32 protrude outward from the base portion 31 on both sides of the fixing plate 231.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1(c), a wall-like structure 1 is constructed by pouring and filling the inside of the hardening material 13 of the outer shell with concrete 20, which is a filler material. At this time, both ends of the shear reinforcement 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 by the above-mentioned fixing jig 30, so that the shear reinforcement 23 functions as a tensile material that supports the lateral pressure when the concrete 20 is poured, similar to a conventional separator. Since the fixing jig 30 is embedded in the hardening material 13, dismantling work is also unnecessary.

In the above example, the inner formwork 11 is embedded in the structure 1 without being removed, but if an air tube or the like is used for the inner formwork 11, it is also possible to remove the inner formwork 11 and then pour concrete 20 to construct the structure 1.

As described above, in this embodiment, the fixing jig 30 is used to fix the end of the permanent shear reinforcement 23 to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell of the structure 1. This allows the shear reinforcement 23 to resist the lateral pressure applied to the outer shell when pouring the concrete 20, preventing large deformation of the outer shell. In this embodiment, by using the shear reinforcement 23 as a separator, it is possible to omit the installation of a separator in a conventional formwork, simplifying construction.

The fixing jig 30 is fixed in the hardening material 13 by the stud portion 32 provided on the base portion 31, thereby ensuring that the shear reinforcement 23 is fixed to the outer shell portion. The fixing jig 30 is easy to install because it is only necessary to place the base portion 31 inside the fixing plate 231 at the end of the shear reinforcement 23.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, there are no particular limitations on the size, shape, configuration, etc. of the fixing jig 30. These can be changed to obtain the required fixing performance depending on the amount and dimensions of the reinforcing material including the shear reinforcement 23, the lateral pressure during concrete pouring, etc.

For example, in this embodiment, the stud portion 32 is provided as the fixing body of the fixing jig 30, but instead of the stud portion 32, a perforated steel plate can be provided as the fixing body. In addition, in this embodiment, a fixing plate 231 is provided at the end of the shear reinforcement 23, but the end of the shear reinforcement 23 may be bent as shown in FIG. 3(a). In this case, the base portion 31 can be passed inside the bent portion 232 of the shear reinforcement 23, and the stud portion 32 can be provided on the base portion 31 on both sides of the bent portion 232. In the fixing jig 30a in FIG. 3(a), the base portion 31 is rod-shaped with a circular cross section, but the shape of the base portion 31 is not particularly limited and may be plate-shaped as described above.

In this embodiment, two studs 32 are provided on the base 31, but the number and arrangement of the studs 32 are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in the fixing jigs 30b and 30c in Figs. 3(b) and (c), four studs 32 may be arranged, two on each side of the base 31. Fig. 3(b) shows an example in which the two studs 32 on both sides of the base 31 are arranged side by side in the direction of the distribution reinforcement 22 (see Fig. 2(a) etc.), while Fig. 3(c) shows the width of the base 31 being expanded, and the two studs 32 on both sides of the base 31 are arranged side by side in the direction of the main reinforcement 21 (see Fig. 2(a) etc.).

As shown in Fig. 3(d), it is also possible to place fixing jigs 30 on both sides of the shear reinforcement 23. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3(e) of fixing jig 30d, by providing holes 311 in the base portion 31 and passing the shear reinforcement 23 through the holes 311, it becomes easier to fix the fixing jig 30d and the shear reinforcement 23.

Furthermore, as shown in the fixing jig 30e in FIG. 4, the base portion 31a may be a long rod-like member that is stretched across multiple shear reinforcement bars 23, and stud portions 32 may be provided on both sides of the fixing plate 231 of each shear reinforcement bar 23, with these stud portions 32 embedded in the hardening material 13. In this case, one base portion 31a can be shared by multiple shear reinforcement bars 23, reducing the amount of work required for construction. In addition, by using reinforcing bars as the base portion 31a, the base portion 31a can also be used as a permanent distribution bar. The base portion 31a can also be arranged vertically, in which case the base portion 31a can also be used as a permanent main bar.

Although the structure 1 in this embodiment is a wall, the structure 1 is not limited to a wall. For example, a columnar structure 1 can be constructed by arranging the inner formwork 11 to have a square-shaped closed cross section, forming an outer shell made of hardening material 13 on the outside, and pouring concrete 20 inside. In this case, too, by arranging reinforcing materials such as shear reinforcement bars 23 inside the inner formwork 11 and fixing both ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 to the hardening material 13 with fixing jigs 30, the lateral pressure during pouring of the concrete 20 can be supported, making it possible to construct a columnar structure 1 with a larger cross section.

In this embodiment, a pair of outer shells made of hardening material 13 are formed facing each other, but there are also cases where only one of the outer shells made of hardening material 13 is formed. In that case, the fixing jig 30 is placed only on the end of the shear reinforcement 23 that forms the outer shell, and is embedded in the hardening material 13 outside the inner formwork 11. The other end of the shear reinforcement 23 can be fixed to the members that make up the structure 1, the formwork and its reinforcing material, or the ground, etc.

In addition, in this embodiment, the hardener 13 is applied by spraying, but the method of applying the hardener 13 is not limited to spraying, and the hardener 13 may be applied by a plastering method. Furthermore, it is also possible to use an automatic application device (3D printer) that automatically applies the hardener 13 based on three-dimensional data of the finished shape of the outer shell of the structure 1, which can further reduce the number of workers.

In this embodiment, concrete 20 is poured and filled inside the shell made of hardening material 13, but the filler filled inside the shell is not limited to this and may differ depending on the individual structure 1, etc.

Other examples of the present invention will be described below as the second to fifth embodiments. Each embodiment will be described by focusing on the differences from the previously described embodiments, and similar aspects will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings and will not be described again. In addition, the configurations described in each embodiment, including the first embodiment, can be combined as necessary.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a fixing jig 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the fixing jig 40. As shown in FIG.

The fixing jig 40, as described above, has a plate-shaped base portion 41 with a fixing stud portion 42 provided on the plate surface, but in this embodiment, the base portion 41 also serves as a fixing plate for the shear reinforcement 23, and the fixing jig 40 is attached to the end of the shear reinforcement 23 as the attachment target. The base portion 41 can be attached to the end of the shear reinforcement 23 by welding, crimping, etc.

In the second embodiment, the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell by the fixing jig 40, and function as separators when pouring the concrete 20, thereby achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment. In addition, by attaching the fixing jig 40 to the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23, the fixing jig 40 can be easily used to fix the shear reinforcement bars 23, and it is also possible to reduce materials by omitting the fixing plate for the shear reinforcement bars 23.

In this embodiment, the size, shape, configuration, etc. of the fixing jig 40 are not particularly limited. For example, in this embodiment, the base portion 41 is attached to the end of the shear reinforcement bar 23 by welding or crimping, but the shear reinforcement bar 23 may be a threaded reinforcing bar or the like, and the screw at the end may be screwed into a nut 43 provided on the surface of the base portion 41 opposite the stud portion 42, as shown in the fixing jig 40a in FIG. 6(a). Alternatively, a screw hole may be provided in the base portion 41, and the end of the shear reinforcement bar 23 may be screwed into the screw hole.

As shown in the fixing jig 40b in FIG. 6(b), the base portion 41 may be attached to the shear reinforcement bar 23 by providing a hole 411 in the base portion 41, inserting the shear reinforcement bar 23 into the hole 411, screwing the end of the hole into a nut 43 provided on the surface of the base portion 41 facing the stud portion 42, and filling the hole 411 with a filler 44 such as mortar or epoxy resin.

In addition, instead of the shear reinforcement 23, a separator such as a round bar or a threaded bar can be used as a tensile material, and the separator can be used as the attachment target of the fixing jig 40, and the fixing jig 40 can be attached to the separator in a manner similar to that of this embodiment. In this case, the separator and the fixing jig 40 can be placed independently of the reinforcing materials of the structure 1, including the shear reinforcement 23.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the base portion 41a of the fixing jig 40c may have a C-shaped cross section that can be easily attached by inserting the fixing plate 231 at the end of the shear reinforcement 23. In this example, the stud portion 42 fixed to the base portion 41a is embedded in the hardening material 13, and by inserting the fixing plate 231 at the end of the shear reinforcement 23 into the base portion 41a, the shear reinforcement 23 can be fixed to the hardening material 13 and function as a separator when pouring the concrete 20.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7(b), while the main reinforcement 21, the distribution reinforcement 22, and the shear reinforcement 23 are arranged, the hardening material 13 is applied to the outside of the inner formwork 11 to which the fixing jig 40c is attached at another location, so that the outer shell part is formed as shown in FIG. 7(c). After that, as shown in FIG. 7(a), the fixing plate 231 at the end of the shear reinforcement 23 is inserted into the base part 41a to set the outer shell part, and concrete 20 is poured inside to construct the structure 1. In this example, the construction period can be shortened by simultaneously carrying out the reinforcing bar arrangement work of the structure 1 and the formation work of the outer shell part. The shape of the base part 41a is not limited to the above, and it is sufficient if the fixing plate 231 of the shear reinforcement 23 can be inserted or hooked and attached later. Alternatively, the end of the shear reinforcement 23 can be attached later to the base part 41a by a method such as adhesion, and in this case, the shape of the base part 41a is also not particularly limited.

[Third embodiment]
8 is a diagram showing an anchoring jig 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an anchoring plate 231 is provided midway through the shear reinforcement 23, and the portion of the shear reinforcement 23 outside the anchoring plate 231 is embedded in the hardening material 13, and an anchoring jig 50 made of a plate-shaped member is attached to the end of the shear reinforcement 23. In this example, the portion of the shear reinforcement 23 embedded in the hardening material 13 and the anchoring jig 50 as a whole are stud-shaped, making it possible to omit the stud portion.

The fixing jig 50 can be attached to the end of the shear reinforcement 23 by welding, crimping, etc. Alternatively, the fixing jig 50 can be attached to the shear reinforcement 23 by passing the end of the shear reinforcement 23 through a hole (not shown) provided in the fixing jig 50 and filling the hole with a filler such as mortar or epoxy resin. When using threaded reinforcing bars as the shear reinforcement 23, the screws at the end of the shear reinforcement 23 can be screwed into nuts or screw holes (not shown) provided in the fixing jig 50.

In the third embodiment, the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 by the fixing jig 50, and function as separators when pouring the concrete 20, thereby achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment.

[Fourth embodiment]
9A is a diagram showing an anchoring jig 60 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The anchoring jig 60 has a base portion 61 provided with a stud portion 62 for anchoring, but differs from the first embodiment in that the anchoring jig 60 is attached to the distribution bars 22, which are reinforcing materials other than the shear reinforcement bars 23 of the structure 1, and is attached to the distribution bars 22 for use.

As shown in FIG. 9(b), the base portion 61 is a cylindrical member through which the reinforcing bars 22 are passed. A screw hole 611 is provided in the side wall of the base portion 61, and the stud portion 62 is fixed to the base portion 61 by screwing a screw provided in the shaft portion of the stud portion 62 into the screw hole 611.

Figure 9 (c) shows a cross section of the fixing jig 60 perpendicular to the axial direction of the reinforcing bars 22. In this embodiment, the fixing jig 60 can be attached to the reinforcing bars 22 by pressing the reinforcing bars 22 against the inner surface of the base portion 61 with the tip of the shaft of the stud portion 62.

In the fourth embodiment, the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell by the fixing jig 60, and function as separators when pouring the concrete 20, thereby achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment. In addition, the fixing jig 60 is attached to the reinforcing bars 22, and the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell by the fixing jig 60 via the reinforcing bars 22, making it easier to fix the shear reinforcement bars 23.

Furthermore, by passing the reinforcing bar 22 through the inside of the base portion 61 and pressing the reinforcing bar 22 against the inner surface of the base portion 61 with the tip of the stud portion 62 screwed into the screw hole 611 of the base portion 61, the fixing jig 60 can be easily and reliably attached to the reinforcing bar 22.

As mentioned above, the fixing plate 231 of the shear reinforcement 23 is arranged so as to be hooked onto the outside of the main reinforcement 21 and the distribution reinforcement 22 of the structure 1. Therefore, it is possible to attach the fixing jig 60 to the main reinforcement 21 instead of the distribution reinforcement 22, and the end of the shear reinforcement 23 can be fixed to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell by the fixing jig 60 via the main reinforcement 21.

As with the first embodiment, the size, shape, configuration, etc. of the fixing jig 60 are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in fixing jig 60a in FIG. 10(a), the base portion 61 may be rectangular tubular rather than cylindrical, and as shown in fixing jig 60b in FIG. 10(b), a part of the circumferential direction of the cross section of the base portion 61 may be open. In this case, the reinforcing bars 22 can be inserted and removed from the open surface 612 of the base portion 61, and the fixing jig 60b can be easily attached to and removed from the reinforcing bars 22. The fixing jig 60b can also be attached after the reinforcing bars 22 have been arranged.

Furthermore, as shown in the fixing jig 60c in FIG. 11(a), a bolt 63 for attachment to the reinforcing bar 22 may be added, and the stud portion 62a may simply be fixed to the base portion 61. As with the stud portion 62 described above, the bolt 63 has a threaded shaft that is screwed into a screw hole 613 provided in the base portion 61, and the tip of the shaft presses the reinforcing bar 22 against the inner surface of the base portion 61.

Also, as shown in the fixing jig 60d in FIG. 11(b), the cross section of the base portion 61 may be gate-shaped, with through holes 614 and screw holes 615 provided in the base portion 61 on both sides of the open surface 612, and after the reinforcing bars 22 are inserted into the base portion 61 from the open surface 612, the shanks of the bolts 64 passed through the through holes 614 may be screwed into the screw holes 615. This allows the reinforcing bars 22 to be clamped on both sides of the open surface 612 of the base portion 61, and the fixing jig 60d to be securely attached to the reinforcing bars 22.

As shown in the fixing jig 60e of FIG. 11(c), the fixing jig 60e may be attached to the reinforcing bars 22 by passing the reinforcing bars 22 through the inside of the cylindrical base portion 61 and then filling the inside of the base portion 61 with adhesive 65.

Furthermore, as shown in the fixing jig 60f in FIG. 12(a), multiple studs 62 (two in the illustrated example) may be provided and the tips of the shafts of these studs 62 may be used to press the reinforcing bars 22 against the inner surface of the base 61, and multiple studs 62 may improve the fixing to the hardener 13. As shown in the fixing jig 60g in FIG. 12(b), multiple studs 62, 62a may be provided in the fixing jig 60g by pressing the reinforcing bars 22 against the inner surface of the base 61 with the tips of the shafts of the studs 62 and fixing other studs 62a to the overhangs 616 overhanging both sides of the base 61.

Furthermore, as shown in the fixing jig 60h in FIG. 13(a), the base part 61 may be attached to the end of the shear reinforcement 23. By passing the distribution reinforcement 22 through the inside of the base part 61, the base part 61 also serves as a bundling jig for the distribution reinforcement 22 and the shear reinforcement 23, and the bundling work for the distribution reinforcement 22 and the shear reinforcement 23 can be omitted. It is also possible to pass the main reinforcement 21 through the inside of the base part 61, and the same effect can be obtained.

The base portion 61 also contributes to the anchoring of the shear reinforcement bars 23, making it possible to omit an anchoring plate, etc. As shown in FIG. 13(b), it is also possible to embed a part of the base portion 61 in the hardening material 13, and by embedding the remaining part of the base portion 61 in the concrete 20 inside the hardening material 13, the base portion 61 improves the integrity of the hardening material 13 and the concrete 20.

Figure 13(c) is a cross-sectional view of the fixing jig 60h, perpendicular to the axial direction of the reinforcing bars 22. In this example, like the fixing jig 60b (see Figure 10(b)), a portion of the circumferential direction of the cross-section of the base part 61 is open, and the reinforcing bars 22 are inserted into the base part 61 from the open surface 612, and the tip of the shaft of the stud part 62 screwed into the screw hole 611 presses the reinforcing bars 22 against the inner surface of the base part 61, so that the fixing jig 60h can also be attached to the reinforcing bars 22.

The base portion 61 is fixed to the shear reinforcement 23 by welding or the like, but in cases where the shear reinforcement 23 is a threaded reinforcing bar, the screw at the end of the shear reinforcement 23 may be screwed into a nut 66 fixed to the base portion 61 by welding or the like, as shown in the fixing jig 60i in FIG. 13(d). In the example in FIG. 13(d), the nut 66 is fixed to the base portion 61 on the side of the reinforcing bar 22, but it is also possible to fix the nut 66 so that the axial direction of the nut 66 coincides with the axial direction of the stud portion 62, as shown in the fixing jig 60j in FIG. 13(e). By using the nut 66 in this way, it becomes possible to adjust the position of the fixing jigs 60i and 60j on-site.

In addition, instead of the shear reinforcement 23, a separator such as a round bar or a threaded rod can be used as a tensile material, and the separator can be used as the attachment target of the fixing jig 60, and the fixing jig 60 can be attached to the separator in a manner similar to that shown in Figures 13(c) to (e). In addition, it is also possible to screw a screw such as a threaded rod into a screw hole (not shown) provided in the base part 61.

Furthermore, the fixing jig 60 having a cylindrical base portion 61 can also be used when the end of the shear reinforcement 23 is bent to perform fixing, as shown in FIG. 14. In this case, the fixing jig 60 can be attached to the shear reinforcement 23 by passing the bent portion 232 of the shear reinforcement 23 through the inside of the base portion 61.

[Fifth embodiment]
In the first to fourth embodiments, main reinforcement bars 21 and distribution bars 22 are used as reinforcing materials for the structure 1, but as shown in Figure 15, steel beams such as H-shaped steel beams 24 or steel plates may also be used as reinforcing materials for the structure 1.

Figure 15 shows the process of constructing the structure 1, in which H-shaped steel 24 and shear reinforcement bars 23 are placed inside a pair of inner forms 11, and hardening material 13 is applied to the outside of the inner forms 11. After this, concrete 20 is poured inside the hardening material 13 to form the structure 1.

The H-shaped steel 24 is arranged with its axis oriented vertically, and multiple steel pieces are provided at intervals in the extension direction of the inner formwork 11 (corresponding to the left-right direction in FIG. 15) near both inner formworks 11. Both ends of the shear reinforcement 23 are fixed to each of the H-shaped steels 24 near both inner formworks 11.

The fixing jig 70 of the fifth embodiment is attached to the H-shaped steel 24, and both ends of the shear reinforcement 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 by the fixing jig 70 via the H-shaped steel 24.

Figure 16(a) shows a fixing jig 70, and Figure 16(b) is a perspective view of the fixing jig 70. The fixing jig 70 of this embodiment has a clip-shaped base portion 71 with a U-shaped cross section, and a fixing stud portion 72 that protrudes outward. In this embodiment, multiple fixing jigs 70 are attached to both sides of the flange of the H-shaped steel 24.

Figure 16 (c) is a cross-section of the fixing jig 70 in the thickness direction of the flange of the H-shaped steel 24. A screw is provided on the shaft of the stud portion 72, and the flange of the H-shaped steel 24 is passed through the open face of the U-shaped base portion 71 into the base portion 71, and the screw of the shaft of the stud portion 72 is screwed into the screw hole 711 provided in the base portion 71, and the flange is pressed against the inner surface of the base portion 71 with the tip of the shaft. This allows the fixing jig 70 to be easily and reliably attached to the H-shaped steel 24.

In the fifth embodiment, the ends of the shear reinforcement bars 23 are fixed to the hardening material 13 of the outer shell by the fixing jig 70 via the H-shaped steel 24, and function as a separator when pouring the concrete 20, thereby achieving the same effect as the first embodiment.

The fixing jig 70 of this embodiment can also be used when a plate-shaped fixing plate 231 is provided at the end of the shear reinforcement 23, as shown in FIG. 17. The fixing jig 70 can be attached to the fixing plate 231 of the shear reinforcement 23 in the same manner as above.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1: Structure 11: Inner formwork 13: Hardening material 20: Concrete 21: Main reinforcement 22: Distribution reinforcement 23: Shear reinforcement 24: H-shaped steel 30, 30a to 30e, 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 50, 60, 60a to 60j, 70: Fixing jig 31, 31a, 41, 41a, 61, 71: Base part 32, 42, 62, 62a, 72: Stud part

Claims (13)

(a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
A step (b) of filling the inside of the inner form with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is
A base portion embedded in the hardening material;
a stud portion including a shaft portion protruding outward from the base portion and a widened portion at a tip end of the shaft portion away from the base portion, the stud portion being embedded in the hardening material;
A method for constructing a structure comprising the steps of : (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
(b) removing the inner form and filling the inside of the hardening material with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material;
The fixing jig is
A base portion embedded in the hardening material;
a stud portion including a shaft portion protruding outward from the base portion and a widened portion at a tip end of the shaft portion away from the base portion, the stud portion being embedded in the hardening material;
A method for constructing a structure comprising the steps of : (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
A step (b) of filling the inside of the inner form with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to a reinforcing material other than a shear reinforcement of the structure as an attachment target,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the end of the shear reinforcement, which is a tensile material, is fixed to the hardening material by the fixing jig via the reinforcement material . (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
(b) removing the inner form and filling the inside of the hardening material with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to a reinforcing material other than a shear reinforcement of the structure as an attachment target,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the end of the shear reinforcement, which is a tensile material, is fixed to the hardening material by the fixing jig via the reinforcement material . (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
A step (b) of filling the inside of the inner form with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to an end of the tension member with the tension member as an attachment target,
The fixing jig is
A base portion;
a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardening material;
having
The attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the stud portion, which is the fixing body, is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base portion, and the attachment object is pressed against the inner surface of the base portion with the tip of the stud portion . (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
(b) removing the inner form and filling the inside of the hardening material with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to an end of the tension member with the tension member as an attachment target,
The fixing jig is
A base portion;
a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardening material;
having
The attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the stud portion, which is the fixing body, is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base portion, and the attachment object is pressed against the inner surface of the base portion with the tip of the stud portion . (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
A step (b) of filling the inside of the inner form with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to an end of the tension member with the tension member as an attachment target,
The fixing jig is
A base portion;
a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardening material;
having
The attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that a circumferential portion of the cross section of the base portion is an open surface . (a) applying a hardener to the outside of the inner formwork;
(b) removing the inner form and filling the inside of the hardening material with a filler;
A structure is constructed by the hardener and the filler,
Before the step (b), an end of a tension member arranged inside the inner form for resisting a lateral pressure applied to the hardening material when the filling material is filled is fixed to the hardening material using a fixing jig fixed to the hardening material ;
The fixing jig is attached to an end of the tension member with the tension member as an attachment target,
The fixing jig is
A base portion;
a fixing body that protrudes outward from the base portion and is embedded in the hardening material;
having
The attachment target is passed through the inside of the base portion,
A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that a circumferential portion of the cross section of the base portion is an open surface . A method for constructing a structure according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the tension members are shear reinforcement bars. A fixing jig for using a shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling a filler inside an outer shell of the structure,
The outer shell is fixed to the outer shell, and the end of the shear reinforcement is fixed to the outer shell ,
A base portion embedded in the outer shell portion;
a stud portion including a shaft portion protruding outward from the base portion and a widened portion at a tip end of the shaft portion away from the base portion, the stud portion being embedded in the outer shell portion;
A fixing jig comprising : A fixing jig for using a shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling a filler inside an outer shell of the structure,
The outer shell is fixed to the outer shell, and the end of the shear reinforcement is fixed to the outer shell ,
The reinforcing member other than the shear reinforcement of the structure is attached to the reinforcing member,
A fixing jig , characterized in that the end of the shear reinforcement is fixed to the outer shell portion by the fixing jig via the reinforcing material . A fixing jig for using a shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling a filler inside an outer shell of the structure,
The outer shell is fixed to the outer shell, and the end of the shear reinforcement is fixed to the outer shell ,
The shear reinforcement is the attachment target, and is attached to the end of the shear reinforcement,
A base portion;
A fixing body protruding outward from the base portion and embedded in the outer shell portion;
having
The base portion is disposed inside the base portion, through which the attachment target is passed,
A fixing jig characterized in that the stud portion, which is the fixing body, is screwed into a screw hole provided in the base portion, and the tip of the stud portion presses the attachment object against the inner surface of the base portion . A fixing jig for using a shear reinforcement of a structure as a separator when filling a filler inside an outer shell of the structure,
The outer shell is fixed to the outer shell, and the end of the shear reinforcement is fixed to the outer shell ,
The shear reinforcement is the attachment target, and is attached to the end of the shear reinforcement,
A base portion;
A fixing body protruding outward from the base portion and embedded in the outer shell portion;
having
The base portion is disposed inside the base portion, through which the attachment target is passed,
A fixing jig, characterized in that a circumferential portion of a cross section of the base portion is an open surface .

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