JP7612967B2 - Agent for preventing bees from escaping from bee-trapping containers - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bee slip agent, a method for slipping bees using the bee slip agent, and a bee-catching container containing the bee slip agent.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various pest trapping containers have been known. For example, pest trapping containers for attracting and trapping small flying pests such as cockroaches and flies are widely used in ordinary homes, restaurants, factories, etc.
In addition, various shapes of bee-capturing containers have been proposed. Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes a capture container in which an attractant-capturing composition for attracting bees is stored inside a cup-shaped container, and a lid having an inlet for bees is attached to the top of the container. Patent Documents 2 and 3 introduce a technology for improving the capture efficiency of bees by adjusting the visible light transmittance and color of the capture container. Patent Document 4 describes a capture container in which a bee inlet is placed at the center of the top of the capture container in order to prevent bees once captured from escaping from the capture container. Furthermore, Patent Document 5 describes that a bee-attracting component with a specific sugar concentration is used to generate a fermented odor due to decay, thereby improving the capture efficiency.
However, when a liquid attractant is used in these bee-trapping containers, there is a problem in that even if a bee falls into the liquid attractant, the bee will swim in the liquid attractant, crawl up from the liquid surface, and escape from the container.

On the other hand, many bees have the habit of emitting an alarm pheromone to attract other individuals of the same species when they or their colony are in danger. Adhesive bee traps that utilize this habit are designed to capture many bees by attaching live bees to the sticky surface and emitting an alarm pheromone. Exterminators of hornets and other insects sometimes use this habit to exterminate bees. However, when exterminating bees from ordinary people or ordinary homes who are defenseless against bees, if special attention is not paid to this habit, the extermination worker may be exposed to danger such as being attacked by the bees.
In conventional bee-trapping containers, there was a problem in that bees that escaped from the container would emit alarm pheromones, which could cause a large number of bees to attack the area around the container.

JP 2004-073144 A JP 2007-174964 A JP 2009-247236 A JP 2014-103933 A JP 2007-176853 A

The purpose of this invention is to prevent bees from escaping from a bee-catching container.

As a result of extensive research into solving the above problems, the inventors discovered that a liquid composition with a specific contact angle reduces the padding function of bees' legs, and solved the above problems by creating a slip agent for bees consisting of this liquid composition.

Specifically, the present invention relates to the following items.
1. A slip agent for bees, comprising a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to a glass surface.
2. A method for causing bees to slide off, comprising using a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to a glass surface.
3. A container for capturing bees, comprising a container having an opening and containing a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to a glass surface.

The bee slip agent of the present invention adheres to the tips of the bees' legs, thereby reducing their bed rest function. As a result, when the bee slip agent of the present invention is used in a bee capture container, the bees that have entered the bee capture container cannot climb out of the liquid, or cannot climb by slipping down the highly smooth walls inside the bee capture container, and therefore it has the effect of preventing the bees from escaping from the container. Furthermore, since the bees cannot escape from the bee capture container, there is no risk of a dangerous situation in which a large number of bees attack the surrounding area due to the escaped bees emitting alarm pheromones, as in the case of conventional bee capture containers. In other words, when the bee slip agent of the present invention is stored in a bee capture container as a bee capture liquid agent, or applied to the wall surface of a bee capture container containing a bee attractant liquid, it is possible to capture only the bees around the place where the bee capture container is installed, which is useful in that the user can use it safely. The method of using the bee slip agent of the present invention is not limited to storing it in a bee-capturing container or applying it to the container. For example, applying it to the walls, windows, eaves, attics, etc. of a house will cause bees to slip off the areas where the slip agent has been applied, which is expected to prevent bees from foraging or nesting.

The bee slip agent of the present invention, the method for slipping bees using the bee slip agent, and the bee catching container containing the bee slip agent will be described in detail below.
The slip agent for bees of the present invention is a liquid composition whose contact angle with a glass surface is adjusted to 40 degrees or less.
In the present invention, the contact angle with respect to a glass surface means a value measured on a sample using a commercially available contact angle meter according to the following method with reference to the standard "JIS R 3257".
A predetermined amount of the liquid composition is dropped onto a slide glass that has been left to stand for 5 days under a temperature condition of 25°C and a humidity of 60%, and the contact angle with the glass surface after 20 seconds is measured using a measuring device (for example, a FACE contact angle meter CA-X model manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.).

The slip agent for bees of the present invention is made of a liquid composition whose contact angle with respect to a glass surface is adjusted to 40 degrees or less, and thus exerts the function of reducing the padding function of the bees' legs.
Bees have a pair of sharp claws at the end of their legs, and between the claws is a pad that acts as a suction cup. In general, the claws have developed to be suitable for walking on rough surfaces, while the pad has developed to be suitable for walking on smooth surfaces. The pad allows bees to move around on smooth surfaces, such as window glass, by sticking to them and perching or climbing on them.
The bee slip agent of the present invention adheres to the pads at the tips of the bees' legs, reducing the suction-like function of the pads, and thus has the effect of causing the bees to slip and slide down smooth surfaces.
Therefore, when the bee-trapping container is made by storing the bee-trapping liquid in a container with an opening, or when the bee-trapping container is coated with the bee-trapping liquid, the bees that have entered the container come into contact with the slip agent. In this case, the bee-trapping liquid will not function as a suction cup, and the bees will not be able to climb out of the liquid, or will not be able to climb up by slipping down the smooth wall inside the bee-trapping container, making it possible to prevent the bees from escaping from the container.

The bee slip agent of the present invention is not particularly limited in its composition or composition ratio, and any components can be blended, so long as it is a liquid composition in which the contact angle with respect to a glass surface is adjusted to 40 degrees or less. From the viewpoint of adjusting the contact angle with respect to a glass surface, it is preferable to contain a surfactant, but there is no limitation on the method for adjusting the contact angle with respect to a glass surface.
Any surfactant can be used without particular restriction, including nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants, as long as the surfactant can adjust the contact angle of the liquid composition with respect to the glass surface to 40 degrees or less. Among these, nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants are preferred.
Specifically, for example, nonionic surfactants include sugar ester type, fatty acid ester type, vegetable oil type, alcohol type, alkylphenol type, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer type, alkylamine type, bisphenol type, and polyaromatic ring type. Anionic surfactants include carboxylic acid type, sulfonic acid type, sulfate ester type, and phosphate ester type. Cationic surfactants include ammonium type and benzalkonium type. Amphoteric surfactants include betaine type.
Suitable nonionic surfactants include polyglycerol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycols, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene hydrogenated castor oil, fatty acid alkanolamides, etc. Suitable anionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylates, alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, etc. Suitable cationic surfactants include alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides. Suitable amphoteric surfactants include fatty acid amidopropyl dimethyl amino acid betaines, alkyl amine oxides, etc.
These surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The bee slip agent of the present invention includes a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to a glass surface, which may be a dilution of the above-mentioned surfactant with water, a formulation of the surfactant with an insecticide or a component generally added to a formulation, or a dilution of the formulation with water. Among them, the bee slip agent of the present invention is a formulation of the above-mentioned surfactant with other components, which is compact and has excellent storage stability, and is therefore advantageous during transportation and storage. Examples of the formulation include liquid formulations such as oil solutions, emulsions, wettable powders, and flowables (suspensions in water, emulsions in water, etc.), and the water used for dilution may be purified water, tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, groundwater, well water, etc.
The bee slip agent of the present invention is not particularly limited in the amount of the surfactant, so long as it is a liquid composition in which the contact angle with respect to a glass surface is adjusted to 40 degrees or less. In general, it is preferable that the surfactant is contained in the entire bee slip agent at 0.005% by weight or more, more preferably at 0.01% by weight or more, and particularly preferably at 0.05% by weight or more. If the surfactant content is less than 0.005% by weight, it is difficult to adjust the contact angle with respect to a glass surface to 40 degrees or less, and the suction cup-like function of the bee's pad cannot be reduced.

The bee slip agent of the present invention can be mixed with a known insecticide within a range that allows the contact angle with respect to a glass surface to be adjusted to 40 degrees or less. By mixing with a known insecticide, it is possible to reliably kill captured bees in a bee-capturing container that contains the bee slip agent of the present invention as a liquid agent for capturing bees.
Examples of known insecticides that can be used include pyrethroid compounds such as natural pyrethrins, allethrin, resmethrin, furamethrin, prallethrin, telallethrin, phthalthrin, fenothrin, permethrin, cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, transfluthrin, metofluthrin, profluthrin, imiprothrin, empenthrin, etofenprox, silafluofen, meperfluthrin, and dimefluthrin; carbamate compounds such as propoxur and carbaryl; organophosphorus compounds such as fenitrothion and DDVP; and oxadiazo compounds such as methoxadiazone. Examples of the insecticides include various insecticides such as phenylpyrazole compounds, phenylpyrazole compounds such as fipronil, sulfonamide compounds such as amidoflumet, neonicotinoid compounds such as imidacloprid and dinotefuran, insect juvenile hormone-like compounds such as pyriproxyfen, methoprene, and hydroprene, anti-juvenile hormone-like compounds such as precocene, chitin synthesis inhibitors such as novaluron, diflubenzuron, and etoxazole, and insecticidal essential oils such as phytoncides, peppermint oil, orange oil, cinnamon oil, and clove oil, and further, synergists such as sinepirin and piperonyl butoxide can also be used. Insect growth regulators such as insect juvenile hormone-like compounds, anti-juvenile hormone-like compounds, and chitin synthesis inhibitors that have little repellency can also be used suitably.

Among these known insecticides, when using the bee slip agent of the present invention in combination with an insecticide, taking into consideration the possibility of diluting with water to adjust the contact angle with respect to the glass surface to 40 degrees or less, insecticides with high water solubility may be preferable in terms of formulation. Examples of insecticides with such water solubility include acephate, vamidothion, methidathion (DMTP), fenobucarb (BPMC), ethiofencarb, cartap, thiocyclam, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, cyromazine, fosthiazate, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, carbaryl (NAC), clothianidin, pymetrozine, dinotefuran, etc. Among these, for example, dinotefuran (water solubility at 20°C: about 54,000 ppm), thiamethoxam (water solubility at 20°C: about 4,100 ppm), imidacloprid (water solubility at 20°C: about 510 ppm), and fenobucarb (BPMC, water solubility at 20°C: about 610 ppm), which have a water solubility of 500 ppm or more at 20°C, are more suitable as insecticides to be incorporated into the bee slip agent of the present invention.

The bee slip agent of the present invention can be blended with known attractant components within a range that allows the contact angle with respect to the glass surface to be adjusted to 40 degrees or less. Known attractant components that can be blended include, for example, vinegar such as balsamic vinegar, apple vinegar, rice vinegar, brown rice vinegar, lees vinegar, soybean vinegar, black vinegar, wine vinegar, sudachi vinegar, red vinegar, persimmon vinegar, malt vinegar, purple sweet potato vinegar, and sugarcane vinegar, lactic acid products (lactic acid bacteria drinks, etc.), sugars, starch sugars, honey, fruit, processed fruit products, fruit juice, fruit juice drinks, fruit wine, alcoholic beverages, sake lees, seafood, processed seafood products, seafood extracts, meat, processed meat products, meat extracts, and flavorings. Among the above attractant components, liquid ones are particularly preferred. Furthermore, by adding moisturizing ingredients such as aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, and thickening polysaccharides such as xanthan gum, the effectiveness of the attractant can be maintained for a long period of time.

The bee slip agent of the present invention can be blended with ingredients that are generally added to formulations, within the range that allows the contact angle with respect to the glass surface to be adjusted to 40 degrees or less. Examples of ingredients that are generally added to formulations include stabilizers, preservatives, colorants, agents to prevent accidental ingestion, and liquid carriers. Examples of stabilizers include antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and ascorbic acid. Examples of preservatives include sorbic acid, sorbic acid salts, parahydroxybenzoic acid esters, and thiabendazole. Examples of colorants include caramel color, gardenia color, anthocyanin color, safflower color, flavonoid color, Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, and the like. Examples of agents to prevent accidental ingestion include denatonium benzoate.

Liquid carriers used in formulation include, for example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ethers (diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, ethyl lactate, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons (xylene, toluene, alkylnaphthalene, phenyl). ethane, kerosene, diesel, hexane, cyclohexane, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (chlorobenzene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.), nitriles (acetonitrile, isobutyronitrile, etc.), sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), heterocyclic solvents (sulfolane, γ-butyrolactone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), acid amides (N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, etc.), alkylidene carbonates (propylene carbonate, etc.), vegetable oils (soybean oil, cottonseed oil, etc.), vegetable essential oils (orange oil, hyssop oil, lemon oil, etc.), and water.

The bees for which the slip agent for bees of the present invention exerts an excellent slip effect are mainly bees belonging to the Vespidae family, but also include bees belonging to the Hymenoptera order such as hornet bees, carpenter bees, tortoiseshell bees, digger bees, and burrowing bees. Among them, the bees of the Vespidae family can include bees belonging to the Vespidae subfamily and the Polistinae subfamily.
Examples of wasps belonging to the Vespidae subfamily include the giant hornet, Japanese yellow hornet, small hornet, Asian hornet, small female hornet, brown hornet, Japanese black hornet, Japanese black hornet, parasitic hornet, and the like.
In addition, examples of wasps belonging to the Polistinae subfamily include indigenous species such as Polistes nigricans, ...

<About bee-catching containers>
The bee slip agent of the present invention can be stored in a container having an opening and used as a bee-capturing container as a liquid agent for capturing bees, or can be applied to the wall surface of a bee-capturing container containing a bee-attracting liquid.
The container for storing or applying the bee slip agent or bee attractant liquid of the present invention can be stored inside, and the shape and size of the container are not limited as long as the container has an opening through which the bees can enter the container, and the container may be in a form suitable for the place and method of use. Examples of the material of the container include glass, metal, plastic, etc. In particular, the wall surface inside the container is preferably a smooth surface without protrusions so that the captured bees cannot climb using the claws of their legs and escape from the container. Furthermore, in order to maximize the effect of the present invention, it is more preferable that the wall surface inside the container is a smooth surface like glass in order to reduce the suction cup-like function of the bee's bed by the bee slip agent of the present invention.
An example of a container having an opening is one having a lid covering the opening of the container, and an opening through which the bees can enter either the lid or the container. The opening may be of any size or shape that allows the bees to easily enter the container, and the dimensions (diameter, width, length) of the opening are preferably set to 20 mm or more and 35 mm or less, and more preferably set to 25 mm or more and 30 mm or less. If the opening is smaller than 20 mm, it is difficult for large bees such as giant hornets to enter through the opening, and the capture efficiency decreases. If the opening is larger than 35 mm, butterflies, moths, beetles, etc. other than bees will enter the container. It is preferable to form multiple openings in the container so that the bees can easily enter the container, and the number of openings is preferably 2 to 5, although it depends on the size of the container. In addition, in order to prevent the bees that have entered the container from easily escaping outside the container, it is preferable that the opening is shaped like a funnel or the like.
The container may be provided with a transparent or semi-transparent window so that the number of captured bees can be visually checked, or may be a transparent or semi-transparent container, which makes it difficult to see the captured bees and reduces discomfort.
When a bee-capturing container is placed outdoors, in order to prevent the bee slip agent of the present invention from being reduced in effectiveness due to rainwater or the like seeping in and diluting it, it is preferable for the container to have a covering section that has space for the opening while preventing the seepage of rainwater or the like.
The bee-catching container of the present invention is preferably used in a place that is not exposed to direct sunlight, hung about 1 to 3 m above the ground, or fixed to a fence or the like.

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the examples, unless otherwise specified, all parts are by weight.

<Contact angle measurement on glass surface 1 and slip test>
(1) Preparation of Test Samples The components shown in Table 1 below were used as test samples.
(2) Measurement of contact angle on glass surface About 1.8 μL of each test specimen was dropped onto a slide glass (26 mm × 76 mm, Matsunami Glass Industrial Co., Ltd., S1226) that had been left for 5 days in an environment of 25 ° C. and 60% humidity, using a syringe attached to a FACE contact angle meter CA-X type (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.), and the contact angle 20 seconds after dropping was measured with a FACE contact angle meter CA-X type (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). All measurements were performed at room temperature of 25 ° C., and each was performed three times. Table 1 shows the details of the components of the test specimens and the average measured values of the contact angles on the glass surface.
(3) Slip test 100 μL of the test sample was dropped into a 15 mL test tube (manufactured by AGC Technoglass Co., Ltd.), and the tube was shaken to coat the entire wall surface. A captured honeybee (hereinafter referred to as the "test bee") that had been habituated for 30 minutes was placed in the tube, and the tube was then stood upright. The test bee was observed for 1 minute and evaluated for its ability to climb the test tube according to the following evaluation criteria.
[Evaluation Criteria]
O: Unable to slide up the wall and fail to reach the top after one minute.
×: Able to climb walls and reach the top within 1 minute.

表１中のシリコーン系化合物、エステル系溶剤、界面活性剤１～６の詳細は、以下のとおりである。
ジメチルポリシロキサン１：旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製、「ＤＭ１ ｐｌｕｓ」
ポリエーテル変性シリコーン：ケーアイケミカル株式会社製、「ＳＩＬＳＯＦＴ ８７０」
ジメチルポリシロキサン２：旭化成ワッカーシリコーン株式会社製、「ＡＫ１０００」
乳酸エチル：株式会社武蔵野化学研究所製
ミリスチン酸イソプロピル：東京化成工業株式会社製
界面活性剤１：ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル（１０）、ＨＬＢ:１５．５
界面活性剤２：ポリオキシエチレンアルキル（Ｃ１２～１４）エーテル、ＨＬＢ:１３．５
界面活性剤３：ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル（５）、ＨＬＢ:１５．８
界面活性剤４：ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル（１０）、ＨＬＢ:１７．１
界面活性剤５：ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ＨＬＢ:１４．０
界面活性剤６：ポリオキシエチレンフィトスチロール、ＨＬＢ:１８．０

Details of the silicone-based compound, ester-based solvent, and surfactants 1 to 6 in Table 1 are as follows:
Dimethylpolysiloxane 1: "DM1 plus" manufactured by Wacker Asahi Kasei Silicone Co., Ltd.
Polyether modified silicone: "SILSOFT 870" manufactured by KI Chemical Co., Ltd.
Dimethylpolysiloxane 2: "AK1000" manufactured by Wacker Asahi Kasei Silicone Co., Ltd.
Ethyl lactate: manufactured by Musashino Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd. Isopropyl myristate: manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Surfactant 1: Polyglyceryl laurate (10), HLB: 15.5
Surfactant 2: Polyoxyethylene alkyl (C12-14) ether, HLB: 13.5
Surfactant 3: Polyglyceryl laurate (5), HLB: 15.8
Surfactant 4: Polyglyceryl laurate (10), HLB: 17.1
Surfactant 5: Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, HLB: 14.0
Surfactant 6: Polyoxyethylene phytostyrol, HLB: 18.0

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that, regardless of the type of components in the test sample, when a test sample with a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to the glass surface was present on the wall, the test bee was unable to climb the wall. When the test sample consisted of only water, the test bee walked freely around the wall, whereas when the test sample had a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to the glass surface, the test bee was unable to stay on the wall, and it was possible to visually confirm that it repeatedly flapped its wings and attempted to climb. From this, it became clear that test samples with a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to the glass surface had the effect of reducing or preventing the bed rest function of the bee's legs.

<Measurement of contact angle on glass surface 2 and confirmation test of escape prevention effect>
(1) Preparation of Test Specimens Surfactants 1 to 6 used in the above "Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface 1 and Slip Test" were each mixed with water to obtain a 0.06 wt % homogeneous aqueous solution, which was used as test specimens 1 to 5 and 7.
A mixture of sake, vinegar, and sugar in a weight ratio of 2:1:1 was used as a bee attractant, to which the surfactant 1 was added so that the concentration was 1.0% by weight, to prepare test specimen 6. This test specimen 6 is the same as the "Mixture" in Table 1 of "Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface 1 and Slip Test" above.
Test sample 8 was made of purified water alone, and test sample 9 was made of a commercially available bee attractant diluted 5-fold with water according to the usage instructions provided with the product.
(2) Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface The contact angle on a glass surface was measured in the same manner as in "Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface 1 and Slip Test" above. All measurements were performed at room temperature of 25° C., and each measurement was performed three times. The average values are shown in Table 2.
(3) Confirmation test of the effect of preventing escape from a bee-trapping container 250 mL of each test sample was placed in an empty container (made of polypropylene) of a commercially available trapping container containing a bee-attracting liquid. One European honeybee (hereinafter referred to as "test bee") was placed on the surface of the test sample liquid, and after drowning the test bee once below the liquid surface, it was observed whether it escaped from the liquid surface or not. The test was performed five times, and the number of times that it could not escape was divided by the number of tests, 5, and the value is shown in Table 2 as the escape prevention rate (%).

As shown in Table 2, test specimens 1 to 6, which have a contact angle with respect to the glass surface of 40 degrees or less, were found to be extremely effective at preventing bees from escaping from the capture container. When combined with the results of "Measurement of Contact Angle with Glass Surface 1 and Slip Test" above, it was confirmed that test specimens with a contact angle with respect to the glass surface of 40 degrees or less reduce or stop the compression function of the bees' legs, preventing them from escaping from the capture container.

<Measurement of contact angle on glass surface 3, Slip test and confirmation test of escape prevention effect>
Confirmation tests were conducted on various types of surfactants to confirm the relationship between their contact angles with respect to the glass surface and their slip effect and escape prevention effect.
(1) Preparation of Test Samples Surfactants 7 to 15 shown in Table 3 below were each mixed with water to obtain a 1 wt % homogeneous aqueous solution, which was designated as test samples 10 to 18.
(2) Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface The contact angle on a glass surface was measured in the same manner as in "Measurement of Contact Angle on Glass Surface 1 and Slip Test" above. All measurements were performed at room temperature of 25° C., and each measurement was performed three times. The average values are shown in Table 3.
(3) A slip test was carried out in the same manner as in "Measurement of contact angle on glass surface 1 and slip test" above, and the results were evaluated in the same manner. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
(4) Test to confirm the effect of preventing escape from a trapping container for bees As in the above "Measurement of contact angle against glass surface 2 and test to confirm the effect of preventing escape", a test to confirm the effect of preventing escape from a trapping container for bees was conducted. The test was conducted five times, and the number of times that the bees could not escape was divided by the number of tests, 5, and the value is shown in Table 3 as the escape prevention rate (%).

表３中の界面活性剤７～１５の詳細は、以下のとおりである。
＜非イオン性界面活性剤＞
界面活性剤７：ヤシ油脂肪酸ジエタノールアミド
界面活性剤８：モノラウリン酸ポリオキシエチレン（２０）ソルビタン
界面活性剤９：ポリオキシエチレン（３６０）ポリオキシプロピレン（７０）ブロックポリマー
＜陰イオン性界面活性剤＞
界面活性剤１０：ポリオキシエチレン（２）ラウリルエーテル硫酸ナトリウム
界面活性剤１１：ポリオキシエチレン（４．５）ラウリルエーテル酢酸ナトリウム
界面活性剤１２：ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム
＜陽イオン性界面活性剤＞
界面活性剤１３：アルキル（Ｃ１２～１４：８０％）ジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド
＜両性界面活性剤＞
界面活性剤１４：ヤシ油脂肪酸アミドプロピルベタイン
界面活性剤１５：ラウリルジメチルアミンオキシド

Details of surfactants 7 to 15 in Table 3 are as follows:
<Nonionic Surfactant>
Surfactant 7: coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide Surfactant 8: polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate Surfactant 9: polyoxyethylene (360) polyoxypropylene (70) block polymer <anionic surfactant>
Surfactant 10: Polyoxyethylene (2) lauryl ether sodium sulfate Surfactant 11: Polyoxyethylene (4.5) lauryl ether sodium acetate Surfactant 12: Sodium lauryl sulfate <cationic surfactant>
Surfactant 13: Alkyl (C12-14: 80%) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride <amphoteric surfactant>
Surfactant 14: coconut oil fatty acid amidopropyl betaine Surfactant 15: lauryl dimethylamine oxide

As shown in Table 3, regardless of whether the surfactant is classified as nonionic, anionic, cationic, or zwitterionic, and whether it dissociates into ions when dissolved in water, when a test sample with a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to the glass surface is present on the wall, the test bees cannot climb the wall, and it has been found that the effect of preventing escape from the bee capture container is extremely high.

<Slip test on paper wasps>
(1) Test specimens Test specimens 6 and 8 from the above “Measurement of contact angle on glass surface 2 and confirmation test of escape prevention effect” were used.
(2) Test method The test was conducted in the same manner as in “Measurement of contact angle against glass surface 1 and slip test” above, except that the test bee was changed to a paper wasp and a 50 mL test tube (manufactured by AGC Technoglass Co., Ltd.) was used instead of a 15 mL test tube (manufactured by AGC Technoglass Co., Ltd.).
(3) Test Results When test specimen 6 (contact angle to glass surface: 32.9 degrees), which is a specific example of the bee slip agent of the present invention, was used, it was confirmed that the paper wasps could not slide up the wall and reach the ceiling after one minute. In contrast, when test specimen 8 (contact angle to glass surface: 52.3 degrees), which is different from the bee slip agent of the present invention, was used, it was confirmed that the paper wasps could climb the wall and reach the ceiling.
From these test results, it became clear that the bee slip agent of the present invention has the effect of reducing or stopping the bedstrap function of the bee's legs, regardless of the species of bee.

<Outdoor confirmation test>
A bee-trapping container containing the bee slip agent of the present invention as a liquid agent for trapping bees was used to carry out a confirmation test outdoors in order to confirm the bee-trapping effect in an actual usage condition.
(1) Test specimens Test specimen 6 (contact angle on glass surface: 32.9 degrees, Example) from the above "Measurement of contact angle on glass surface 2 and confirmation test of escape prevention effect" and test specimen 19 (sake: vinegar: sugar = 2: 1: 1 (weight ratio), contact angle on glass surface: 51.4 degrees, Comparative Example) which is test specimen 6 but does not contain surfactant 1 were used. 250 mL of each of test specimens 6 and 19 were placed in empty polypropylene containers of commercially available trapping containers containing bee attractant liquid.
(2) Test method Two test plots (test plots 1 and 2) were set up in a wooded area, with the above-mentioned Example and Comparative Examples placed 3 m apart and 2 m above the ground. The condition of the bees captured in the containers was checked, and the presence or absence of surviving individuals was also observed after one week.

(3) Observation results In the example using test specimen 6 (contact angle to glass surface: 32.9 degrees), which is a specific example of the bee slip agent of the present invention, all of the bees such as hornets captured in the bee capture container in both test areas 1 and 2 were unable to climb out of test specimen 6 and did not survive. In contrast, in the comparative example using test specimen 19 (contact angle to glass surface: 51.4 degrees), which is different from the bee slip agent of the present invention, some of the bees such as hornets captured in the bee capture container were found to be alive in both test areas 1 and 2. In addition, in test areas 1 and 2 of the comparative example, it was visually confirmed that the bees such as hornets captured in the bee capture container escaped outside the container, and that many bees flew in afterwards. It is speculated that the reason for the arrival of so many hornets and other wasps is that hornets and other wasps that escaped from the wasp-catching containers emitted an alarm pheromone, attracting other hornets and other wasps.

Claims (2)

An agent for preventing bees from escaping from a bee-capturing container, comprising a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less with respect to a glass surface, the liquid composition comprising one or more selected from polyglyceryl (10) laurate, polyoxyethylene alkyl (C12-14) ether, polyglyceryl (5) laurate, polyglyceryl (10) laurate, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene (360) polyoxypropylene (70) block polymer, polyoxyethylene (2) lauryl ether sodium sulfate, polyoxyethylene (4.5) lauryl ether sodium acetate, sodium lauryl sulfate, alkyl (C12-14: 80%) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, coconut oil fatty acid amidopropyl betaine, and lauryl dimethylamine oxide .
A method for preventing bees from escaping from a bee-trapping container, comprising the step of using a liquid composition having a contact angle of 40 degrees or less on a glass surface, the liquid composition comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of polyglyceryl (10) laurate, polyoxyethylene alkyl (C12-14) ether, polyglyceryl (5) laurate, polyglyceryl (10) laurate, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene (360) polyoxypropylene (70) block polymer, polyoxyethylene (2) lauryl ether sodium sulfate, polyoxyethylene (4.5) lauryl ether sodium acetate, sodium lauryl sulfate, alkyl (C12-14: 80%) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, coconut oil fatty acid amidopropyl betaine, and lauryl dimethylamine oxide.